WTM/PS/42/ERO/IMD/MAY/2016

BEFORE THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE BOARD OF INDIA

CORAM: PRASHANT SARAN, WHOLE TIME MEMBER
ORDER
Under sections 11(1), 11(4), 11A and 11B of the Securities and Exchange Board of India Act,
1992
In the matter of Rising Agrotech Limited
In respect of Ms. Lina Kayal (PAN: ANHPK8201D; DIN: 02699751)

1.

Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) passed an Order dated August 03, 2015

(the Final Order) in the matter of Rising Agrotech Limited (the Company), whereby it
was observed that the Company was engaged in fund mobilizing activity from the public through
its offer and issuance of preference shares to (i) 564 persons during FY 2011-12 thereby raising
Rs.94.27 lakh and (ii) to 432 persons during FY 2012-13 thereby raising Rs.40.93 lakh. The Final
Order conclusively held that the aforesaid offer and issuance of securities was a public issue and
the Company had failed to comply with the public issue norms mandated under sections 56, 60
read with section 2(36) and 73 of the Companies Act, 1956.
2.

The Final Order had accordingly issued various directions against the Company and its

directors Mr. Siddhartha Kayal, Mr. Dipan Kumar Sen, Mr. Sushovan Roy and Mr. Bikash
Bhandary including direction to refund the public funds mobilized under such offer and issuance
of securities.
3.

Thereafter, it came to the notice of SEBI that Ms. Lina Kayal (the noticee) was a

director in the Company from July 13, 2010 to June 24, 2013. Accordingly, the noticee was alleged
to have also engaged in fund mobilizing activity from the public, in her capacity as a director during
the relevant period and had violated sections 56, 60 read with section 2(36) and 73 of the

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Companies Act, 1956. Accordingly, SEBI issued an interim order cum show cause notice dated
November 20, 2015 (the interim order), wherein the following directions were issued against her:
i.

ii.

iii.

The past Director of RAL, viz. Lina Kayal (PAN: ANHPK8201D; DIN: 02699751), is prohibited
from issuing prospectus or any offer document or issue advertisement for soliciting money from the public for the
issue of securities, in any manner whatsoever, either directly or indirectly, till further orders;
The abovementioned past Director of RAL is restrained from accessing the securities market and further
prohibited from buying, selling or otherwise dealing in the securities market, either directly or indirectly, till
further directions;
The abovementioned past Director of RAL shall provide a full inventory of all her assets and properties.

The interim order also directed the noticee to show cause as to why suitable directions/prohibitions
under sections 11(1), 11(4), 11A and 11B of the SEBI Act, section 73(2) of the Companies Act,
1956 read with section 27(2) of the SEBI Act should not be passed against her:
i.

Directing her jointly and severally to refund money collected through the Offer of Preference Shares
alongwith interest, if any, promised to investors therein;
ii. Directing her not to issue prospectus or any offer document or issue advertisement for soliciting money
from the public for the issue of securities, in any manner whatsoever, either directly or indirectly, for an
appropriate period;
iii. Directing her to refrain from accessing the securities market and prohibiting her from buying, selling
or otherwise dealing in securities for an appropriate period.
4.

The interim order advised the noticee to file her response within a period of 21 days and

also indicate whether she desires to avail an opportunity of personal hearing. The interim order
was forwarded to the noticee vide SEBI letter dated November 23, 2015. The noticee was also
advised to read the interim order along with the Final Order passed in respect of the Company and
its directors. The interim order was received by the noticee.
5.

In response, the noticee, vide letter dated December 21, 2015 made the following

submissions:
(a) At present, she is not a director in any Company. Hence, her involvement in issuing
any Prospectus/offer document for soliciting funds from public would not arise.
(b) She is not engaged in trading or investments in the securities market in any manner.

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(c) She has a flat in her name situated at P.C. Roy Road, Duila, Sankrail, Howrah-711302
and the purchase price was around Rs.22.50/- lakh. Against this flat, she has taken a
loan from UCO Bank and the present outstanding loan amount was Rs.35.92 lakh.
(d) Regarding the refund of monies collected under preference shares, the noticee stated
that she had discussed the same with the present directors of the Company, who had
stated that the preference shares were issued for a period of 10 years and that they were
taking steps for refunding the money to the investors before the period.
6.

Thereafter, an opportunity of personal hearing was afforded to the noticee on March 09,

2016. The schedule of the personal hearing was intimated to the noticee vide SEBI letter dated
February 24, 2016. This notice was received by the noticee. However, vide a facsimile message
(received in SEBI on March 08, 2016), the noticee stated that she was suffering from sickness and
requested for an adjournment of the hearing. Considering the same, the personal hearing was fixed
on March 28, 2016. The SEBI letter dated March 10, 2016 informing the hearing schedule was
hand-delivered on the noticee. However, the noticee vide letter dated March 26, 2016, stated that
she has not recovered from her illness and requested for an adjournment by a months time. On
consideration of the ground on which the request for adjournment was made, another opportunity
was given to the noticee on April 29, 2016. The hearing notice dated March 30, 2016 clearly
indicated that if the noticee failed to appear in the hearing, it would be presumed that she has no
further submissions to make and that SEBI would proceed further on the basis of material available
on record.
7.

However, the noticee failed to appear in the aforesaid personal hearing. Thereafter, vide

letter dated April 27, 2016 (received in SEBI on April 29, 2016, i.e. date of hearing), the noticee
while referring to her letter dated April 11, 2016 (reply to another order dated March 16, 2016 passed
against this noticee), stated that she never participated in the activities of the Company since its
incorporation and was also not involved in the decision making process in the Company. She
stated that she has nothing more to state and requested SEBI to drop the proceedings initiated
against her.

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8.

I also note that the noticee vide the afore-referred letter dated April 11, 2016, inter alia stated

the following:
I was never involved in the activity of the company.
I just carried out the decision of the Board of Directors to open bank accounts in the name of the company
as the resolution was passed authorizing me along with other directors to do the same but I never participated
in bank transactions etc. In fact, there was nothing to do for me in the company. I have never participated
in any of the activities of the said company since its incorporation. I was none of the persons taking any
decision in the interest of the company.
On several occasions I had requested the board of directors to release me from the this responsibility because
I was unable to devote time as I had to look after my ailing husband Sri Siddharth Kayal who was
undergoing medical treatment and continuous investigation for his cardiac and other problems. Under the
given situation, I tendered my resignation on 24.06.2013 which was accepted by the Board.
.. {underline supplied}
9.

In view of the repeated non-appearance by the noticee despite providing her with three

opportunities of personal hearing and also considering that the SEBI notice dated March 30, 2016
clearly indicated that SEBI would proceed further if she failed to avail the personal hearing on
April 29, 2016, I find it appropriate to close the hearing opportunity and proceed to consider the
case on merits on the basis of material available on record.
10.

I have perused the Final Order, considered the interim order cum show cause notice issued

to the noticee, her submissions and other material available on record. The Final Order has found
that the Company had made a public offer and issued preference shares during FY 2011-12 and
2012-13 and had mobilized funds to the tune of Rs.135.20 lakh from the general public without
complying with the public issue norms as observed therein. The interim order passed in respect of
the noticee has observed that the noticee was a director in the Company from July 13, 2010 (i.e.
from date of incorporation of the Company) to June 24, 2013. The noticee has not disputed this
fact. Her defence is that she never participated in the affairs of the Company and was not involved
in the decision making process. However, it is important to note that the noticee has admitted that
she was one of the signatories of the bank account of the Company. In view of the same, it cannot
be accepted that she did not have any role in the affairs or functioning of the Company. Further,

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she was a director from the day the Company was incorporated. As regards the liability of the
noticee, as a director, I note that
(a) In terms of section 291 of the Companies Act, 1956, the board of directors of a company
shall be entitled to exercise all such powers and do all such acts and things as the company
is authorized to exercise and do. Therefore, the board of directors being responsible for
the conduct of the business of a company shall therefore be liable for any non-compliance
of law and such liability is on the individual directors also.
(b) With respect to the culpability of a director for breach of law by a company, I refer to and
rely on the following observations made by the Honble High Court of Madras in Madhavan
Nambiar vs Registrar Of Companies (2002 108 Comp Cas 1 Mad):
13. It may be that the petitioner may not be a whole-time director, but that does not mean he is
exonerated of the statutory obligations which are imposed under the Act and the rules and he
cannot contend that he is an ex officio director and, therefore, he cannot be held responsible. There
is substance in the contention advanced by Mr. Sridhar, learned counsel since the petitioner a
member of the Indian Administrative Service and in the cadre of Secretary to Government when
appointed as a director on the orders of the Government to a Government company or a joint
venture company, he is expected not only to discharge his usual functions, but also take such diligent
care as a director of the company as it is expected of him not only to take care of the interest of the
Government, but also to see that the company complies with the provisions of the Companies
Act and the rules framed thereunder. Therefore, the second contention that the petitioner cannot be
proceeded against at all as he is only a nominee or appointed director by the State Government,
cannot be sustained in law. A director either full time or part time, either elected or appointed or
nominated is bound to discharge the functions of a director and should have taken all the diligent
steps and taken care in the affairs of the company.
14. In the matter of proceedings for negligence, default, breach of duty, misfeasance or breach of
trust or violation of the statutory provisions of the Act and the rules, there is no difference or
distinction between the whole-time or part time director or nominated or co-opted director and the
liability for such acts or commission or omission is equal. So also the treatment for such violations
as stipulated in the Companies Act, 1956.
15. Section 5 of the Companies Act defines the expression "officer who is in default". The
expression means either (a) the managing director or managing directors ; (b) the whole-time
director or whole-time directors ; (c) the manager ; (d) the secretary ; (e) any person in accordance
with whose directions or instructions the board of directors of the company is accustomed to act; (f)
any person charged by the board with the responsibility of complying with that provision ; (g) any

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director or directors who may be specified by the board in this behalf or where no director is so
specified, all the directors.
16. Section 29 of the Companies Act provides the general power of the board and ...
Therefore it follows there cannot be a blanket direction or a blanket indemnity in favour of the
petitioner or other directors who have been nominated by the Government either ex officio or
otherwise. Hence the second point deserves to be answered against the petitioner.
17. As regards the first contention, it is contended by Mr. Arvind P. Datar, learned senior counsel
appearing for the petitioner that the company or its board had resolved that Thiagaraj S. Chettiar
shall be the director in charge of the company of all its day-to-day affairs and, therefore, the
petitioner, an ex officio chairman and director, cannot be expected to attend to the affairs on a dayto-day basis. This contention though attractive cannot be sustained as a whole. There may be a
delegation, but ultimately it comes before the board and it is the board and the general body of the
company which are responsible.
{Emphasis supplied}
(c) A person cannot assume the role of a director in a company in a casual manner. The
position of a director in a public company/listed company comes along with
responsibilities and compliances under law associated with such position, which have to be
fulfilled by such director or face the consequences for any violation or default thereof. The
noticee cannot therefore wriggle out from liability by merely stating that she was not
involved in the affairs of the Company or was not aware of issuance of securities.
(d) Accordingly, a director who is part of a companys board shall be responsible for all acts
carried out by a company and be liable for any violations that are committed. The noticee,
in the present case, was part of the Companys Board of Directors for the period July 13,
2010 to June 24, 2013. As mentioned in the Final Order, the Company had made the offer
and allotted preference shares during FY 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 in violation of sections
56, 60 and 73 of the Companies Act, 1956. Therefore, it can be seen that the noticee was a
director in the Company during the period when the preference shares were offered and
issued. Accordingly, the noticee shall also be responsible and liable along with the others
in the Board, for all the deeds/acts of the Company during the period of his directorship
including the violations committed while offering and issuing the preference shares.

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(e) According to section 56(1) of the Companies Act, 1956, every prospectus issued by or on
behalf of a company, shall state the matters specified in Part I and set out the reports
specified in Part II of Schedule II of that Act. Further, as per section 56(3) of the
Companies Act, 1956, no one shall issue any form of application for shares in a company,
unless the form is accompanied by abridged prospectus, contain disclosures as specified.
Section 2(36) of the Companies Act read with section 60 thereof, mandates a company to
register its 'prospectus' with the RoC, before making a public offer/ issuing the 'prospectus'.
Section 56(1) and 56(3) read with section 56(4) of the Companies Act, 1956 imposes the
liability on the company, every director, and other persons responsible for the prospectus
for the compliance of the said provisions. The liability for non-compliance of section 60
of the Companies Act, 1956 is on the company, and every person who is a party to the
non-compliance of issuing the prospectus as per the said section. The Final Order has
already found the Company liable for non-compliance with the above provisions.
Accordingly, the noticee is also liable for non-compliance with said sections 56 and 60.
(f) By making a public issue of preference shares, as discussed above, the Company had to
compulsorily list such securities in compliance with section 73(1) of the Companies Act,
1956. As per section 73(1) Companies Act, 1956, a company is required to make an
application to one or more recognized stock exchanges for permission for the shares or
debentures to be offered to be dealt with in the stock exchange. The Company had failed
to comply with this requirement, as observed in the Final Order. Section 73(2) states that
"Where the permission has not been applied under subsection (1) or such permission having been applied
for, has not been granted as aforesaid, the company shall forthwith repay without interest all moneys received
from applicants in pursuance of the prospectus, and, if any such money is not repaid within eight days after
the company becomes liable to repay it, the company and every director of the company who is an officer in
default shall, on and from the expiry of the eighth day, be jointly and severally liable to repay that money
with interest at such rate, not less than four per cent and not more than fifteen per cent, as may be prescribed,
having regard to the length of the period of delay in making the repayment of such money". As the
Company failed to make an application for listing such securities, the Company had to
forthwith repay such money collected from investors. If such repayments are not made

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within 8 days after the Company becomes liable to repay, the Company and every director
is liable to repay with interest at such rate. The liability of the Company/directors to refund
the public funds collected through offer and allotment of the impugned securities is
continuing and such liability would continue till repayments are made. Accordingly, the
noticee is also liable for making refunds of the monies collected during her tenure as a
director in the Company, till such liability is discharged by making refunds by Company/
directors.
(g) In view of the above observations and findings, the submissions of the noticees do not
have merit.
11.

In view of the above discussions, I hereby find the noticee is also liable for the violation of

sections 56, 60 and 73 of the Companies Act, 1956 read with the Companies Act, 2013, committed
by the Company/its board of directors with respect to their offer and issue of preference shares,
as decided in the Final Order. The noticee shall also be liable for making refunds as provided
under section 73(2) of the Companies Act, 1956 read with section 27 of the SEBI Act, and shall
be jointly and severally responsible along with other as directed vide the Final Order. The Order
had levied an interest @ 15% p.a. on the amounts that are due to be repaid to the investors. The
noticee shall be liable to make refunds along with interest at 15%. The same is also in accordance
with rule 4D (which prescribes that the rates of interest, for the purposes of sub-sections (2) and (2A) of section
73, shall be 15 per cent per annum) of the Companies (Central Governments) General Rules and
Forms, 1956 also.
12.

In view of the above findings and observations, I, in exercise of the powers conferred upon

me under section 19 of the Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992 read with sections
11(1), 11(4), 11A and 11B thereof hereby issue the following directions:
(a) The noticee, Ms. Lina Kayal shall, jointly and severally along with the Company and others
as ordered vide the SEBI Order dated August 03, 2015, forthwith refund the money
collected by the Company through the offer and issuance of Preference Shares (which have

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been found to be issued in contravention of the public issue norms stipulated under the Companies Act,
1956), to the investors including the money collected from investors, pending allotment of
securities, if any, with an interest of 15% per annum compounded at half yearly intervals,
from the date when the repayments became due (in terms of Section 73(2) of the Companies Act,
1956) to the investors till the date of actual payment.
(b) Ms. Lina Kayal shall provide a full inventory of her assets and properties and details of all
bank accounts, demat accounts and holdings of shares/securities, if held in physical form.
(c) All other directions issued vide SEBI Order dated August 03, 2015 in respect of making
refunds and reporting of the same shall apply mutatis mutandis to Ms. Lina Kayal.
(d) In case of failure of the noticee to refund the monies as directed in this Order or on failure
to comply with the directions, SEBI, on expiry of three months from the date of this
Order,(i)

shall recover such amounts in accordance with section 28A of the SEBI Act
including such other provisions contained in securities laws.

(ii)

may initiate appropriate action against the noticee, including adjudication

proceedings, in accordance with law.

(iii)

would make a reference to the State Government/ Local Police to register a

civil/ criminal case against the noticee, for offences of fraud, cheating,
criminal breach of trust and misappropriation of public funds; and

(iv)

would also make a reference to the Ministry of Corporate Affairs for

necessary action.

(e) Ms. Lina Kayal is restrained from accessing the securities market and further prohibited
from buying, selling or otherwise dealing in the securities market, directly or indirectly in
whatsoever manner, with immediate effect. She is also restrained from issuing prospectus,
offer document or advertisement soliciting money from the public and associating himself
with any listed public company and any public company which intends to raise money from
the public, or any intermediary registered with SEBI. The above directions shall come into

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force with immediate effect and shall continue to be in force from the date of this Order
till the expiry of 4 years from the date of completion of refunds to investors, as directed
above.
(f) The above directions shall come into force with immediate effect.
13.

This Order is without prejudice to any action, including adjudication and prosecution

proceedings that might be taken by SEBI in respect of the above violations committed by the
noticee.
14.

Copy of this Order shall be forwarded to the recognised stock exchanges and depositories

for information and necessary action.

15.

A copy of this Order shall also be forwarded to the Ministry of Corporate

Affairs/concerned Registrar of Companies, for their information and necessary action with respect
to the directions/restraint imposed above against the noticee.

PRASHANT SARAN
WHOLE TIME MEMBER
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE BOARD OF INDIA
Date: May 19th, 2016
Place: Mumbai

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