Generic Name

Hand Book Of Counseling On Topical Dermatology Items In Hospital Pulau Pinang

Brand Name
Uses
Application Tecnique/Counseling

A. Emollients
1 Aqueous Cream

Dry skin & itching skin

2 Carbamide 5 & 10% Cream

3

- Apply thinly and rub into area when

required

Urea

White Soft Paraffin 60% et Liquid

Paraffin 40%
Xerosis and ichthyosis

4 White Soft Paraffin

-Should be applied in the direction of hair

growth
- use as soap by rubbing on the skin before
rising off completely

-Should be applied in the direction of hair

growth
-Should be applied in the direction of hair
growth
- use as soap by rubbing on the skin before
rising off completely

5 Emulsificant Ointment (Ung E)

B. Barrier Preparations
1 Benzalkonium 0.01% cream

Drapolene
cream

Nappy rash, urinary dermatitis

Nappy rash, eczema, treat minor skin

irritation

2 Zinc oxide 32% cream

-Wash and dry affected area

-Apply generous amounts of medicine to
completely cover the affected area

C. Topical local anaesthetics or Pain Relief

1 Lignocaine 5% ointment

Relief of local pain associated with anal

fissures, haemorrhoids, herpes zoster

2 Magnesium Sulphate Paste

Used in minor burns and abrasions

3 Methyl Salicylate 25% Ointment

LMS

Relief of pain associated with

musculoskeletal discomfort

-To be applied to affected area; apply when

necessary

D. Topical antipruritics
1 Calamine cream
2 Calamine lotion
Prickly heat, insect bites

-Wash and dry affected area

-Shake lotion well before use

Prickly heat, insect bites

3 Calamine with 0.25% menthol lotion
4 Calamine with 1% menthol lotion

-Wash and dry affected area

-Shake lotion well before use
-Apply 3-4 times daily and allow to dry. A cotton
pledget or soft cloth may be used for easy application

Increasing potency

5 Calamine 6% et Sulphur lotion

E. Topical corticosteroids
-Clobetasone propionate 0.05%
Very
potent (Dermovate cream, oint)

-Betamethasone 17-valerate 0.1%

Potent (Betnovate oint)
-Betamethasone 17-valerate
(Betnovate cream 1:2, 1:4, 1:10)
-Momethasone furoate 0.1%
Moderate
(Elomet cream)
-Clobetasone butyrate 0.05%
(Eumovate cream, oint)
Mild

-Hydrocortisone 1% & 3%
( cream & oint)

-Apply cream or ointment thinly and evenly

to affected area
-bd tds, then reduce to once daily when
improvement occurs
-Dermovate: Apply sparingly 1 to 2 times
daily, change to lower potency therapy as
soon as condition is controlled. Max: 50g
/week. Do not use for greater than 2
consecutive weeks or with occlusive
Treatment of inflammatory skin conditions,
dressing
eg. Eczema, psoriasis
-Gently massage cream or oint into skin
-Measure amount required by fingertip units
One fingertip unit is the distance from the
tip of an adult index finger to the first
crease of that finger
-Use less than this for smaller adults and
children
-C/I: viral disease, bacteria & fungi
infection, acne rosacea, perioral dermatitis'

F. Topical preparartions for eczema

1 LPC 3% in Ung E
2 LPC 6% in Ung E
3 6% LPC et 2% salicylic acid in Ung E
4 3% LPC et 2% salicylic acid in Ung E

-Anti-inflammatory properties
-Antiscaling properties
-Keratolytic
-Useful in chronic plaque psoriasis, eczema

-Apply to affected area

-Irritation, contact allergy may occur. Milder
tar extracts can be used on face and
flexures

G.Topical preparartions for psoriasis

1 Salicylic acid 2% in aqueous cream
2 Salicylic acid 5% in Vaseline
3 Salicylic acid 10% in Vaseline

-Keratolytic
-For scalp psoriasis, seborrhoeic dermatitis
and hyperkeratolic skin disorders

-Apply to affected area 2-3 times a day

-Wash with cleanser 2-3 times a day

4 Salicylic acid 20% in Vaseline

5 Calcipotriol 50mcg/ g cream

Daivonex
Vitamin D analogue for plaque psoriasis, psoriasis
vulgaris

Calcipotriol hydrate 50mcg/ g &

betamethasone dipropionate 0.5mg/
g ointment

-Apply to affected skin lesion twice daily,

max 100mg/week
-Treatment not exceeding 6 weeks

-Do not use on face since ointment

formulation may cause irritation of facial
skin
-Wash hands after applying

Daivobet

H. Shampoos and scalp preparations

Cocois co. Ointment

(ung cocois)

-Scalp psoriasis and severe seborrhoeic

dermatitis

-Rub small amount into affected areas of

scalp gently at night
-Wash off the next day using warm water
and shampoo
Counselling:
-Discontinue if irritation or rash develops
-Avoid eye, mucosa, genital, rectal areas,
broken or inflamed skin

2 Tar, coal tar, oleyl alcohol liquid

Polytar liquid

-Rub into wet hair, leave for 10 to 20 minutes then

-Dandruff, psoriasis, seborrhoeic dermatitis and atopic
wash off
dermatitis
-Use only once or twice

3 Sodium lauryl sulphate shampoo

Teepol
shampoo

-Scalp psoriasis

4 Selenium sulphide 2.5% shampoo

Selsun
shampoo

Tinea versicolor, dandruff, seborrhoeic

dermatitis

-Use as shampoo
-Avoid contact with eyes and other mucous membranes
-Use twice weekly for 2 weeks,then once
weekly for 2 weeks,then as necessary
For skin treatment:
-Apply on affected skin, leave for 10 mins

For scalp treatment:

-Rub small amount of cream gently unto
roots of hair
5

Sulphur 2%, salicylic acid 2% in aq

cream

-Treatment of psoriatic plaque in scalp, acne For skin treatment:

vulgaris
-Apply sparingly to affected area
-Apply once daily or EOD until noticeable
improvement, then once or twice a week

6 Ketonazole 2% shampoo

Nizoral
shampoo

-Seborrhoeic dermatitis, tinea capitis,

resistant dandruff

-Apply onto hair and leave for 3- minutes

before rinsing
-Apply twice weekly for 2-4 weeks

I. Topical preparations for acne & rosacea

Acne lotion (2% sulphur & 2%

1
Resorcinol in calamine lotion)

-Resorcinol helps to remove scaly,

roughened skin
-Sulphur- bactericidal, promotes
desquamation

-Wash hands before and after applying

lotion
-Shake lotion well before use
-After cleansing and drying area, apply
smooth layer to needed area
-Apply 1-3 times a day
Counselling: peeling and redness of skin
may occur after few days

2 Adapalene 0.1% gel

Differin

-Mild to moderate acne

-Avoid in severe acne involving large areas

-Avoid contacts with eyes, nostrils,mouth
and mucous menbrane, eczematous,
broken or surnburned skin
-Avoid exposure to UV sunlight

3 Azelaic acid 20% cream

Skinoren

-Acne vulgaris

-If develop irritation, reduce frequency or

discontinue temporarily
-Treatment should not exceed 6 months

For scalp treatment:

-Rub small amount of cream gently unto
roots of hair
4

Sulphur 2% & Salicylic acid 2% in

aqueous cream

-Treatment of psoriatic plaque in scalp, acne For skin treatment:

vulgaris
-Apply sparingly to affected area
-Apply once daily or EOD until noticeable
improvement, then once or twice a week
-Face: Apply once or twice daily to entire
breakout area after washing with a mild
cleanser on water
-Body: Apply once daily at night

5 Benzoyl peroxide 5% gel

Panoxyl gel

6 Benzoyl peroxide 10% gel

Counselling:
-May cause slight stinging and warm feeling
on skin after first application
-May cause moderate redness and peeling
of skin during first few weeks after use
-Keratolytic drug with bacteriostatic activity
-If these effects are uncomfortable, stop for
a few days and start again
-If burning sensation and peeling are
severe, stop using and seek medical advice
immediately
- Avoid contact with eyes, mount and
mucous membranes
-May bleach fabric and hair

7 Cetrimide 1%

Cetavlon

-As shampoo and cleanser

8 Tretinoin 0.01% gel

Retin-A gel

-Vitamin A derivative
-Treatment of comedonal acne

-Apply to affected area

-Precaution: Hypersensitivity may occur
with prolonged and repeat application
-Avoid contact with eyes, brain, meningis
and middle ear
Counselling:
-Should be avoided in severe acne involving
large areas
-Will cause short sensation of warmth and
burning after application
-Will cause slight reddening of skin during
the 1st-5th weeks of application. If irritation
is severe, suggest to prolong interval of
application
-Avoid contact with eyes, nostrils, mouth,

J. Preparations for warts and calluses

1 Imiquimod 5% w/w cream

Aldara

- Warts, superficial basal cell carcinoma,

actinic keratosis

-Should be rubbed in and allowed to stay on

the treated area for 6-10hr (warts), 8hr
( basal cell carcinoma and actinic keratosis)
-Wash off with mild soap and water
-The cream should be washed off before
sexual contact

-Condylomata acuminata affecting the penis -Keep away from face

-Very irritant to eyes
or female external genitalia

2 Podophyllum 20% in Tincture Benzoin

K. Sunscreens
1 Titanium Dioxide 20% Cream
2 Neutrogena SPF 30 Lotion

L. Antibacterial skin preparation

1 Fusidic acid 2% cream

Fucidic Cream
-Apply 3-4 times daily

2 Sodium fucidate 2% oint

Fucidic Ointment

3 Gentamicin 0.1% cream

Garamycin Cream

-Apply 3-4 times daily

Bacterial skin infection

4 Mupirocin 2% ointment

-Apply 3 times daily for up to 10 days

Bactroban Oint
-Apply up to 3 times daily

5 Neomycin 0.5% cream

6 Silver sulphadiazine 1% cream

M. Antifungal skin preparations

Flamazine Cream

-Prophylaxis and treatment of infection in

burn wounds
-Adjunct in short -term treatment of leg
ulcers and pressure sores
-Adjunct to prophylaxis of infection in skin
graft donor sites and extensive abrasions
-Finger-tip injuries

-Burns: Apply a 3mm thick layer once or

twice daily. Burn area should be covered
with cream at all times
-Apply with sterile applicator

Benzoic acid 6% w/w and 3% w/w

salicylic acid

Whitfields
ointment

-Treatment of tinea, ringworm and athletes

foot. Tinea infection of thickened skin or
palm and soles

-Clean and dry affected area, apply

ointment by gentle massage once or twice
daily

Clotrimazole 1% cream

Canestan
cream

-Apply gently to affected area 3 times daily

-Cutaneous candidiasis, tinea corporis, tinea for 3 days, then twice daily
cruris, tinea pedis and tinea versicolor
-Continue for 14 days after lesions have
healed

Miconazole nitrate 2% cream

-Tinea pedis, tinea cruris, tinea corporis,

Daktarin cream
cutaneous candidiasis, vaginal candidiasis

-Apply sparingly and rub gently to lesion

twice daily
-Continue for at least 10 days after
condition has cleared

Nystatin 100,000 units/g Cream

-Cutaneous infections caused by candida

Mycostatin cream
albicans

-Apply to affected area twice daily or as

required
-Continue treatment for 10 days after
condition has cleared

N. Antiviral skin infection

1 Aciclovir 5% cream

Virless cream

-Herpes simplex infection on skin &

varicella-zoster infection
-Also for initial and recurrent labial and
genital herpes simplex

-Apply 5 times daily (every 4 hours) for 5-10

days
-Avoid contact with eyes and mucous
membranes

-Treatment of scabies and pediculosis

-After bath, apply over whole body, omitting

head and neck
-Leave on for 24 hours, wash off, then reapply for another 24 hours. A third
application may be required in some cases

O. Scabies and pediculosis

1 Benzyl benzoate 25% emulsion

2

Benzyl benzoate 12.5% emulsion

(paed under 2 years)

Gamma benzene hexachloride 1%

solution

EBB

Lindane lotion

-Treatment of scabies, head lice

4 Permethrin 5% lotion

-Treatment scabies and crab lice

5 Crotamiton 10% cream

-Treat scabies and relieve itching, insect

bites

Eurax cream

Counselling:
-Not for oral ingestion and avoid contact
with
eyes,
disorders,
-Apply
overdermatological
the whole body
and wash off
after
8-12hrs
application
-Bathe to remove medicine 48 hours after
second application-Itching: Rub medicine
gently into affected areas until completely
absorbed

P. Skin cleansers and antiseptics

1 Normal saline

-Cleanse, irrigate or moisturise wounds

-Wash hands before beginning wound care

-Pour normal saline onto gauze pads and
apply to wound

Chlorhexidine acetate 0.2%

2
mouthwash

-Rinse mouth with 10ml of solution for

about 1 minute twice a day
-Counselling: Discolouring of the tongue
and teeth

3 Povidone iodine 10%

-Skin disinfection

-Apply undiluted to minor wounds and

infections twice a day and allow to dry
-Application to large wounds or severe
burns may cause systemic side effects;eg.
metabolic acidosis, hypernatraemia, renal
impairment

Potassium permanganate 1.5%

4
solution

-Cleansing and deodorizing suppurating

eczematous reactions and wounds

-Dilute 10ml into 1.5L water

-Can be used as wash or soak, 1-3 times a
day
-Counselling:
-Shake bottle Stains
well skin and clothing

5 Acriflavin lotion 0.1%

-Wound healing
-Infected skin, cut, abrasion, wounds and
burns

Chlorinated lime solution and

buffered acetate solution

Eusol solution

-Wound and ulcer

Collo-Mack
Soln

-Keratolytic
-For hardened skin, corns, callosities and
warts

-Soak a pad of cotton wool in acriflavin

lotion
-Bandage onto affected area
-Apply
dressing
twice
a day as
until
-Apply fresh
to affected
area
undiluted
a
cleansing agent

Q. Miscellaneous
Salicylic acid, lactic acid and
oxypolyethoxydodicane solution

-Apply one drop to affected area twice daily

l Dermatology Items In Hospital Pulau Pinang

Special Instructions

-Should not be used before

phototherapy or in phototesting
procedures

-Avoid exposure to fire

- Exacerbate acne and folliculitis

-Nappy rash: Wash and dry babys

bottom. Apply the cream evenly,
paying particular attention to the
creases and folds. Apply to each
nappy change

- Should not be used on large wounds

-Magnesium Sulphate Paste: Should
be stirred before use
-avoid long term use

-Do not apply calamine lotion over large areas

-Do not apply calamine lotion over large areas

of the body

-Very high potency agents should not

be used in infants <1 year
-Avoid prolonged use on the face
-Avoid prolonged use in infants,
children and pregnancy

-When different preparation

containing calcipotriol used together,
max. total calcipotriol 5mg/week
-Should be avoided by those with
calcium metabolism disorder
-Avoid excessive exposure to sunlight
and sunlamps

-Avoid eye, mucosa, genital, rectal

areas, broken or inflamed skin

-Avoid excessive exposure to sunlight

-Avoid exposure to sunlight (if

exposure to sunlight is unavoidable,
appropriate sunscreen can be used)
-Contraindicated in pregnant women.
Women of child-bearing age should
take adequate contraceptive
precautions

-Avoid normal or broken skin

-Not suitable for internal genital
warts, uncircumsised males
-May damage latex condoms and
diapraghms

-Avoid normsl skin and open wounds

-Should not be used longer than 10

days

-Not indicated for pseudomonal

infection
-Only to treat MRSA
-If large areas are being treated,
ototoxicity may be a hazard
particularly to children, elderly and
those with renal impairment

-Stop immediately if blood disorders

or rashes develop

-Avoid contact with mucous

membranes, head, face, broken or
inflamed skin

-Contraindicated in pregnancy and

lactation
-Avoid contact with eyes
-Do not apply on acutely inflamed or
weeping skin
-Avoid use near eyes and broken skin

-Wash and dry affected area

-Shake lotion well before use

-Apply 3-4
times daily
and allow
to dry. A
cotton
pledget or
soft cloth
may be
used for
easy
application