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We get itshipping terms are like a foreign language unto themselves. Weve had clients,
suppliers, and custom agents rattle off terms that made the gears in our minds spin with no end in
sight.
For that reason, we wanted to lay out some of the most common acronyms youll hear in exporting
and importing. Use this as a reference guide when terms float around that are hard to pin down.
Here are the 23 most commonly used acronyms in our industry.
1) Act of God (AOG)
An event that directly and exclusively results from the occurrence of natural causes that could not
have been prevented by the exercise of foresight or caution; an inevitable accident.
2) Advance Freight (AF)
Advance freight refers to payment of bill of lading freight in advance. Advance freight can be partial
payment or full payment of the bill of lading freight given in advance.
3) Air Waybill (AWB)
A non-negotiable contract for carriage of air transportation between an air carrier and a shipper, or
an air carrier and an air freight forwarder. In the latter case the forwarder, as an indirect air carrier,
issues his own house air waybill to the shipper.
4) Bill of Lading (B/L)
A document issued by a common carrier to a shipper that serves as:
1.
2.
The term CFS at loading port means the location designated by carriers for the receiving of cargo
to be packed into containers by the carrier. At discharge ports, the term CFS means the bonded
location designated by carriers in the port area for unpacking and delivery of cargo.
8) Cost, Insurance, and Freight (named port of destination) (CIF)
An international trade term of sale in which, for the quoted price, the seller/exporter/manufacturer
clears the goods for exports and is responsible for delivering the goods past the ships rail at the
port of shipment (not destination).
9) Cost, Insurance, Freight, and Commission (CIFC)
The same as CIF, plus commission.
10) Cost, Insurance, Freight, Commission, and Interest (CIFCI)
The same as CIF, plus commission and interest.
11) Down Payment (DP)
A type of payment made in cash during the onset of the purchase of an expensive good/service.
The payment typically represents only a percentage of the full purchase price.
12) Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA)
The expected date and time of arrival of a shipment, passenger, or vessel at a port, airport, or
terminal.
13) Estimated Time of Departure (ETD)
The estimated date and time of departure of a shipment, passenger, or vessel from a port, airport,
or terminal.
14) Export Control Classification Number [formerly Export Commodity Classification
Number] (ECCN)
Every product has an ECCN within the Commerce Control List. The ECCN consists of a fivecharacter number that identifies categories, product groups, strategic level of control, and country
groups.
15) Export Credit Agencies (ECAs)
Government agencies or programs providing government loans, guarantees, or insurance to
finance exports.
16) Export Declaration (ED)
A form completed by the exporter or its authorized agent and filed in triplicate by a carrier with the
U.S. Collector of Customs at the point of exit. It serves a twofold purpose:
1.
Primarily, it is used by the U.S. Bureau of Census for the compilation of export statistics on
U.S. foreign trade. (For this reason, an export declaration is required for practically all shipments
from the U.S.A. to foreign countries and the U.S. possessions, except for mail shipments of small
value or for those of a non-commercial character.)
2.
The declaration also serves as an export control document because it must be presented,
together with the export license, to the U.S. Customs at the port of export. If the goods may be
exported under general export license, this fact must be stated on the export declaration.
17) Export Trading Company (ETC)
A corporation or other business unit organized and operated primarily for the purpose of exporting
goods and services, or of providing export-related services to other companies.
18) ExWorks (EXW)
The seller fulfills his obligations by having the goods available for the buyer to pick up at his
premises or another named place (i.e. factory, warehouse, etc.). Buyer bears all risk and costs
starting when he picks up the products at the sellers location until the products are delivered to his
location. Seller has no obligation to load the goods or clear them for export.
19) Free On Board (FOB)
1.
A price quotation under which the exporter quotes a price that includes delivery of the
goods on board the vessel. Subsequent risks and expenses are for the account of the buyer.
2.
A transaction whereby the seller makes the product available within an agreed-on period at
a given port at a given price. It is the responsibility of the buyer to arrange for the transportation
and insurance.
20) International Chamber of Shipping (ICS)
The principal international trade association for merchant shipowners and operators, representing
all sectors and trades and over 80% of the world merchant fleet.
21) International Commercial Terms (INCOTERMS)*
(*Though we realize its not an acronym, INCOTERMS is an important abbreviation to knowso
we made room for it.)
A set of international rules for the uniform interpretation of common contract clauses in
international trade.
22) Irrevocable Letter of Credit (ILOC)
An irrevocable letter of credit is a financial instrument used by banks to guarantee a buyers
obligations to a seller. It isirrevocable because the letter of credit cannot be modified unless all
parties agree to the modifications.A type of payment made in cash during the onset of the
purchase of an expensive good/service. The payment typically represents only a percentage of the
full purchase price.
23) Shippers Export Declaration (SED)
A form required by the United States government for the compilation of statistics on trade both with
foreign countries and with United States territories and possessions. It is necessary on practically
every commercial shipment leaving the United States with the exception of mail shipments of
small value.
Un documento que contiene una declaracin jurada para demostrar el origen de las mercancas
importadas. Se utiliza con fines aduaneros o de cambio o ambos. Los certificados de origen son
certificados comnmente por una organizacin oficial en el pas de origen, tales como una oficina
consular o una cmara de comercio.
7) estacin de contenedores (CFS)
El CFS plazo al puerto de carga significa el lugar designado por las compaas para la recepcin
de la carga que ha de envasarse en recipientes por el transportista. En los puertos de descarga,
el trmino sndrome de fatiga crnica significa la ubicacin unido designado por aerolneas en la
zona del puerto para el desembalaje y entrega de la carga.
8) Costo, seguro y flete (... puerto de destino) (CIF)
Un trmino el comercio internacional de venta en los que, por el precio cotizado, el vendedor /
exportador / fabricante despacha la mercanca para la exportacin y es responsable de la entrega
de la mercanca pasado la borda del buque en el puerto de embarque (no destino).
9) Coste, seguro y flete, y de la Comisin (CIFC)
Lo mismo como CIF, ms la comisin.
10) Costo, seguro y flete, Comisin, e Inters (Cifci)
Lo mismo como CIF, ms la comisin e inters.
11) Pago Inicial (DP)
Un tipo de pago hecho en efectivo durante el inicio de la compra de un costoso producto /
servicio. El pago normalmente representa slo un porcentaje del precio total de la compra.
12) Hora estimada de llegada (ETA)
La fecha y la hora previstos de llegada de un embarque, el pasajero, o buque en un puerto,
aeropuerto o terminal.
13) Hora estimada de salida (ETD)
La fecha estimada y hora de salida de un embarque, el pasajero, o buque de un puerto,
aeropuerto o terminal.
14) Exportacin Clasificacin de Control Nmero [antes de exportacin de productos
bsicos Nmero de Clasificacin] (ECCN)
Cada producto tiene un ECCN dentro de la Lista de Control de Comercio. La ECCN consiste en
un nmero de cinco dgitos que identifica categoras, grupos de productos, el nivel de control
estratgico, y grupos de pases.
15) Las Agencias de Crdito (OCE)
Las agencias gubernamentales o programas que proporcionan prstamos del gobierno, garantas
o seguros para financiar las exportaciones.
16) Declaracin de exportacin (ED)
Un formulario completado por el exportador o su agente autorizado y presentado por triplicado por
un transportista con el recopilador de EE.UU. de Aduanas en el punto de salida. Se sirve un doble
propsito:
1. En primer lugar, que es utilizado por la Oficina del Censo de EE.UU. de la compilacin de las
estadsticas de exportacin en el comercio exterior EE.UU.. (Por esta razn, se requiere una
declaracin de exportacin para prcticamente todos los envos desde la U.S.A. a pases
extranjeros y las posesiones de Estados Unidos, a excepcin de los envos de correo de escaso
valor y para las de carcter no comercial.)
2. La declaracin tambin sirve como un documento de control de las exportaciones, ya que se
debe presentar, junto con el certificado de exportacin, a la Aduana de EE.UU. en el puerto de
exportacin. Si las mercancas pueden ser exportados bajo licencia general de exportacin, este
hecho debe indicarse en la declaracin de exportacin.
17) Export Trading Company (ETC)
Una unidad corporacin u otra empresa organiza y funciona principalmente con el propsito de
bienes y servicios, o de la prestacin de servicios relacionados con la exportacin a otras
empresas exportadoras.
18) ExWorks (EXW)
El vendedor cumple con sus obligaciones por tener a disposicin para el comprador para recoger
en sus instalaciones o en otro lugar convenido (es decir, fbrica, almacn, etc.). El comprador
asume todos los riesgos y costos de arranque cuando recoge los productos en la ubicacin del
vendedor hasta que los productos se entregan a su ubicacin. El vendedor no tiene la obligacin
de cargar la mercanca o desactivarlas para la exportacin.
19) Free On Board (FOB)
1. Una cotizacin de precios en virtud del cual el exportador cita a un precio que incluye la
entrega de la mercanca a bordo del buque. riesgos y gastos posteriores son por cuenta del
comprador.
2. Una operacin por la que el vendedor hace que el producto est disponible en un plazo
convenido-en en un puerto determinado a un precio determinado. Es la responsabilidad del
comprador para organizar el transporte y el seguro.
20) Cmara Naviera Internacional (ICS)