A R DIGITECH

International Journal Of Engineering, Education And Technology (ARDIJEET)

www.ardigitech.in ISSN 2320-883X, VOLUME 3, ISSUE 2, 01/04/2015

AUTOMATIC BRAKING WITH PNEUMATIC BUMPER SYSTEM

KATORE S.R.*1, KADLAG S.C.*3, MANE P.V., PAWAR G.V.*4, PROF.LONDHE B.C.*4
1,2,3,4

Department of Mechanical Engineering, SND COE & RC, Yeola, Dist: Nashik-423401 Savitribai Phule Pune

University, India. 5,Asst. Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, SND COE & RC, Yeola, Savitribai Phule Pune
University, India
Keywords: Automatic Braking System, Pneumatic

Abstract:
Now a days vehicle accidents is the major
problem.

Bumper, Infrared sensor, Pre-crash Safety, Response

This breaking system used an innovative

Time of braking and Electromechanical system

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project for the purpose of preventing accidents happens

I. INTRODUCTION

in the restricted roadways. The purpose of this system is

intelligent electronically control with

Today India is the most important under

automatic bumper activation system is known as

developed country in the world. India is the largest

Automatic braking with pneumatic bumper system.

country in the use of various type of vehicles. As the

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based an

This system is assembled on four wheeler

Generally

this

system

consist

of

two

roads, and unavailability of new technologies in

mechanisms and these are automatic braking system

vehicles are cause for accidents. The number of peoples

and pneumatic bumper system. Automatic braking

vehicle.

available resources to run these vehicles like quality of

large as compared to the other causes of death.

in

system uses the infrared sensor (IR) which senses the

which are dead during the vehicle accidents is also very

vehicle which come in front of our system and which

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may be cause for accident. Then sensor gives feedback

to engine through relay to stop the working of engine.

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During the working of Automatic braking

system simultaneously the driver of vehicle also try to

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stop the vehicle by pressing brake pedal. Limit switch is

provided below the brake pedal which used to activate

Though there are different causes for these

accidents but proper technology of braking system and
technology to reduce the damage during accident are
mainly affect on the accident rates. So today
implementation of proper braking system to prevent the
accidents and pneumatic bumper system to reduce the
damage is must for vehicles.

the pneumatic bumper and disc brake simultaneously to

To achieve this system modification goal, we

reduce the damage our vehicle which occurs if both

vehicles collapse on each other.
This provide pre-crash safety for vehicle. As
well as this system improve the response time of vehicle
braking to keep safe distance between two vehicles. By
using this system we control the speed of vehicle in
small distance.

design this Automatic Braking with Pneumatic Bumper

system.

II. PROBLEM DEFINITION

In

conventional

vehicles

there

are

different

mechanism operated for braking system like hydraulic,

pneumatic, air, mechanical, etc. But all these braking
mechanisms receive the signal or input power directly
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A R DIGITECH
International Journal Of Engineering, Education And Technology (ARDIJEET)
www.ardigitech.in ISSN 2320-883X, VOLUME 3, ISSUE 2, 01/04/2015
from the driver so it totally manual operated. When the

III. CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING

driver saw the obstacle or any vehicle in front of his

driving vehicle, he was irritated or becomes mazy. Due
to this the driver fails to give the proper input to
braking system and proper working is not occurs. Also
the driver may not able to pay the full attention during
night travelling so there are many chances to accidents.
After the accident occurs, there is no any provision
to minimize the damages of vehicles. In currently used

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vehicles generally bumpers used are of rigid types.

These bumpers have specific capacity and when the
range of the accidental force is very high then the
bumpers are fails and these force transferred towards

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the passengers. So this system never reduces the

damage of both vehicle and passengers.
To overcome these unwanted effects we have to

design the Automatic Braking System with Pneumatic

Bumpers which have following objectives

To increase the sureness of braking

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Application.

To increase the response time of braking

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system.

Fig.1: Constructional Block Diagram

As this system is used at the time of

emergency during work. In normal travelling of vehicle

To improve the pre-crash safety.

this system is off and it never impact on the normal

To avoid the percentage of passenger

working. When any obstacle, humans, animals or

injury by using external vehicle safety.

vehicle is came in front of the vehicle then the installed

To reduce the requirement of internal

infrared sensor senses that obstacle. The range of

safety devices like air bags.

distance between the vehicle and obstacle is variable.

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This range is varied according to the density of vehicles

or humans on road. The received signal by IR sensor is
provided to the control unit. This control unit operates
the relay according to the input signal. The relay
operated by control unit cut off the electric power
supply given to the engine so the working of engine is
stop. When the engine stops the working the motion of
vehicle suddenly reduces. At the same time of working
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A R DIGITECH
International Journal Of Engineering, Education And Technology (ARDIJEET)
www.ardigitech.in ISSN 2320-883X, VOLUME 3, ISSUE 2, 01/04/2015
of IR sensor the driver also applied the brake so braking

IV. CONSTRUCTIONAL FEATURES

system works by two methods.

4.1 IR Sensor

There are some incidence when the working of

Specifications:-

automatic braking works and engine running is also

Sn= 500mm

stop but due to the moment of inertia on vehicle tries to

Voltage Range - 10-30Vdc

forward motion of the vehicle. This inertia motion

Max. Current - 200mA

cause for accident. During such incidence the driver

also uses manual braking system. In this manual
braking system limit switch is also installed below the

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brake pedal. By receiving the foot force of driver the

limit switch activates and provide the signal to the
solenoid control valve. Solenoid control valve opens
port going towards the bumper system and brake shoes.

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This pneumatic force used to forward motion of the

bumper. By receiving the impact of accidental force
bumper try to deflects. The flexible nature of the

this force on vehicle is reduces. When the external body

bumper able to sustain the force and so the impact of

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is kept safe then there is no chance of inner damage.

Fig.2: IR Sensor
4.2 Relay
It is a control unit having specification 3P 240A.
This control unit is act according to sensor signal to
stop the engine and to apply breaking through solenoid
valve

Fig.2: Automatic Braking with Pneumatic

Bumper System

A R DIGITECH
International Journal Of Engineering, Education And Technology (ARDIJEET)
www.ardigitech.in ISSN 2320-883X, VOLUME 3, ISSUE 2, 01/04/2015
Limit switch is control unit which is used in
pneumatic bumper system. This switch is operated by
force applied on brake pedal. According to applied
force limit switch close or open the circuit for actuation

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of bumper system.

Fig.3: Relay

Fig.5: Solenoid Valve

4.3 Compressed Air Tank

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Compress air tank is used to store the compressed

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air having pressure 1.5 bar.

V. ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS

5.1 Advantages

It able to Increase the sureness in braking

system.

Braking system able to give fast response.

System able to increase the pre-crash safety.

System able to provide more safety to the

passengers.

System plays an important role to save human

life in road accidents.

5.2 Limitations

System have few limitations in densely traffic

road.

Fig.4: Compressed Air Tank

System have no provision to prevent and cure

the accidents from rear side of vehicle.

4.4 Solenoid Valve

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A R DIGITECH
International Journal Of Engineering, Education And Technology (ARDIJEET)
www.ardigitech.in ISSN 2320-883X, VOLUME 3, ISSUE 2, 01/04/2015
VI. APPLICATIONS

This system may be applicable in all types of

light vehicles like cars, Rickshaws, Tempos.

This system also successfully installed in the

heavy vehicles like buses, trucks, trailers, etc.

VII. CONCLUSION
Behind the designing of this system, our main aim is to

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improve the prevention technique of accidents and also

reducing the hazard from accidents like damage of
vehicle, injury of humans, etc. We observed that our
work is able to achieve all the objectives which are

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necessary.

References

[1] Erik Coelingh, etal, Collision Warning with Auto

Brake, Sweden, ppn: 07-0450.

in

[2] Dr. Kripal Singh, Automobile Engineering Vol.

1, Standard Publishers Distributors New Delhi-

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110 006

[3] S. P. Patil, Mechanical System Design, Second

001

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Edition, JAICO Publishing House, Mumbai 400

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[4] Dr.Sanjiy.K.Bhatia, Dr.George.M.Lacy, Infra-

Red Sensor Simulation, Missouri,(2009)

[5] Dr.Eung Soo Kim,Fabrication of Auto Braking

System Using Sensor, International Journal Of

control And Automation, Vol-2, and no1.