1.

Environment and Ecology - Basic Concepts

Environment - Definition and Types
Salient Features of Environment
Operational Environment
Structure of the Atmosphere
Earths Four Spheres
Ecology
Ecological Principles
Photosynthesis
Components of an Ecosystem
Carbon and Oxygen Cycles
The Nitrogen Cycle
Hydrological Cycle
Sedimentary Cycles
Phosphorus Cycle
Energy Cycle
Ecological Pyramid or Ecological Relationship
2. Plant and Animal Kingdoms
Evolution of Species
Plant Kingdoms
Process of Evolution
Plant Kingdoms
Distribution of Land Animals
3. Major Bio-mes
Terrestrial Bio-mes
Alpine Tundra Bio-me
Extinction of Species
Aquatic Ecosystem
Marine (Sea / Ocean) Ecosystem
4. Biodiversity
Biodiversity
North and Central America
South America
Europe and Central Asia
Africa
Categorization of Species
Bio-geographic Zones of India
Biodiversity Conservation
Strategies for the Conservation Biodiversity
Biodiversity Conservation in India
Zoning of Biosphere Reserves
The Ramsar Convention
5. Biodiversity and Legislation
Earth Summit
The Five Earth Summit Agreements
The Future

The Montreal Protocol

Kyoto Protocol on Climatic Change
The Montreal Action Plan
Bali Summit
Poznan Summit
Copenhagen Summit
Cancun Summit
Convention on Biological Diversity (Biodiversity Convention)
Cartagena Protocol
Nagoya Protocol
Rotterdam Convention
Stockholm Convention
Basel Convention
International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture
Antarctic Treaty
Environmental Laws in India
The National Environment Tribunal Act, 1995
Biodiversity Act, 2002
6. Environmental Degradation and Management
Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming
Acidification
World Distribution of Acid Rain
Impact of Acid of Precipitation
Ozone Depletion
Antarctic Ozone Hole
Some Basic Facts about Ozone Depletion
Salinisation
Desertification or Desertisation
Soil Erosion
Types of Soil Erosion
Soil Conservation
Deforestation
Waste Disposal
Sustainable Development
Sustainable Development A Historical Perspective
Individuals Role in Sustainable Development
Environmental Pollution
Pollution of the Ground Resource
Impact of Noise Pollution on Society
Environmental Impact Assessment
Objectives of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
Green Electricity
7. Climate Change
Evidence of Global Warming
Consequences of Climatic Change
Consequences of Climate Change in India
8. Natural Hazards and Disaster Management
Disaster

Natural Hazards
Volcanoes
Earthquakes in India
Seismic Zones of India
Earthquake Prediction
Tsunami
Landslides
Types of Landslides
Avalanches
Cyclones
Thunderstorms
Tornadoes
Surge, Sea-surge or Storm Surge
Floods
Floods in India
Flood Disaster Management
Drought Hazards
Causes of Droughts
Consequences of Droughts
Biological Hazards and Disasters
Famines
Wildfire (Forest Fire)
Forest Fires in India
Industrial Accidents
Armed Conflicts War
Cloudburst
Polar Vortex
9. Distribution of World Natural Resources
Non - Renewable Sources of Energy
Renewable Resources
Energy Resources
Oil (Petroleum)
Natural Gas
Renewable Sources of Energy
Hydro - Power
Nuclear Energy
Mineral Resources
Iron Ore
Manganese
Copper
Bauxite (Aluminum)
Lead
Gold
Silver
Uranium
Thorium
10. Locational Factors of Economic Activities
Location of Primary Activity
Food Gathering

Hunting
Pastoral Nomad-ism
Livestock Ranching
Shifting Agriculture or Primitive Subsistence Agriculture
Intensive Subsistence Agriculture
Dairying
Plantation Agriculture
Mediterranean Agricultural System
Mixed Farming (Commercial Crops and Livestock)
Extensive Agriculture
Dry Land Agriculture
Watershed Management
Sustainable Agriculture
Forestry
Agroforestry
Fishing
Textile Industries
Iron and Steel Industry
Industrial Problems of India
Changes in Ice Caps and Water-bodies
11. Contemporary Socio - Economic Issues
Effects of Liberalization and Globalization on Indian Society
Liberalization
Privatization
Issues Relating to Poverty and Hunger
12. Major Crops and Cropping Patterns in India
Classification of Crops
Major Crops of India
Pulses (Legumes)
Oilseed
Plantation Crops
Horticulture
Fruit Crops
Dry - Fruits
Spices
Irrigation Systems in India
Merits of Canal Irrigation
Tank Irrigation
Glossary
References
Appendix