Transformers 2

Example 21.7:
A generator at a utility company produces 1.00 x 102 A of current at
4.00 x 103 V. The voltage is stepped up to 2.40 x 105 V by a
transformer before being sent on a high-voltage transmission line
across a rural area to a city. Assume the effective resistance of the
power line is 30.0 and that the transformers are ideal.
(a) Determine the percentage of power lost in the transmission line.

(b) What percentage of the original power would be lost in the

transmission line if the voltage were not stepped up?

QUESTION 21.7:
If the voltage is stepped up to double the amount in this problem, by
what factor is the power loss changed?
(a) 2
(b) no change
(c)
(d)
EXERCISE 21.7:
Suppose the same generator has the voltage stepped up to only
7.50 x 104 V and the resistance of the line is 85.0 . Find the
percentage of power lost in this case.

Question 13:
What is the advantage of transmitting power at high voltages?

Problem 44:
A step-down transformer is used for recharging the batteries of
portable devices. The turns ratio N2/N1 for a particular transformer
used in a CD player is 1:13.
When used with 120-V household service, the transformer draws an
rms current of 250 mA. Find the
a) Output voltage of the transformer

b) Power delivered to the CD player.

Problem 45:
An AC power generator produces 50 A at 3 600!V. The voltage is
stepped up to 100 000 V by an ideal transformer, and the energy is
transmitted through a long-distance power line that has a resistance
of 100 . What percentage of the power delivered by the generator
is dissipated as heat in the power line?

Problem 46:
A transformer is to be used to provide power for a computer disk
drive that needs 6.0 V (rms) instead of the 120 V (rms) from the wall
outlet. The number of turns in the primary is 400, and it delivers 500
mA (the secondary current) at an output voltage of 6.0 V (rms).
(a) Should the transformer have more turns in the secondary
compared with the primary, or fewer turns?

(b)Find the current in the primary.

(c) Find the number of turns in the secondary.

Problem 47:
A transformer on a pole near a factory steps the voltage down from
3 600 V (rms) to 120 V (rms). The transformer is to deliver 1 000 kW
to the factory at 90% efficiency. Find
(a) the power delivered to the primary,

(b)the current in the primary,

(c) the current in the secondary.

Problem 48:
A transmission line that has a resistance per unit length of 4.50 x
104 /m is to be used to transmit 5.00 MW over 400 miles (6.44 x
105 m). The output voltage of the generator is 4.50 kV (rms).
(a) What is the line loss if a transformer is used to step up the
voltage to 500 kV (rms)?

(b) What fraction of the input power is lost to the line under these
circumstances?

(c) What difficulties would be encountered on attempting to transmit

the 5.00MW at the generator voltage of 4.50 kV (rms)?