Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Sunil has angina and has been recommended to control his diet to reduce his chance of a heart
attack.
(a)
Explain how atherosclerosis could cause the chest pain associated with an attack of
angina.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(3)
The table below shows some of the relevant dietary information for assessing the content
of three alternative breakfasts that Sunil normally eats.
Meal
Energy
/kJ
Carbohydrate / g
Saturated
fatty acids / g
Unsaturated
fatty acids / g
Cholesterol
/mg
2 slices
of whole
wheat
toast
580
26
0.5
1.5
margarine
180
0.1
3.8
baked
beans
1113
52
0.25
0.5
78.1
1.75
5.8
Food
Total
2 slices
of white
toast
662
29
0.3
1.7
margarine
180
0.1
3.8
2 fried
eggs
772
0.8
210
29.9
5.3
13.5
210
Total
2 slices
of white
toast
662
29
0.3
1.7
margarine
180
0.1
3.8
2 slices of
cheddar
cheese
948
0.8
5.8
58
29.9
7.3
11.3
58
Total
AS Unit 1: Lifestyle, Transport, Genes and Health: Topic 1: Lifestyle health and Risk
1
1
(i)
(ii)
Give the letter of the meal that contains the highest energy content.
Meal with highest energy content ...................
(1)
(iii)
Suggest which meal you would recommend to Sunil if he wishes to reduce his risk
of coronary heart disease. Explain the reasons for your choice.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(3)
(Total 8 marks)
2.
The graph below shows the percentage of males and females that were classified as clinically
obese in a population between 1980 and 2000.
25
20
P e rc e n ta g e o f m a le s
a n d fe m a le s c la s s ifie d
a s c lin ic a lly o b e s e
(B M I g re a te r th a n 3 0 )
15
M a le s
10
F e m a le s
5
0
(a)
(i)
1980
1986
1991
1995
2000
AS Unit 1: Lifestyle, Transport, Genes and Health: Topic 1: Lifestyle health and Risk
2
2
(b)
One way of defining obesity is to use the body mass index (BMI).
Calculate the BMI for an individual who weighs 76 kg and whose height is 1.70 metres
and state if this individual would be described as obese.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(2)
(c)
AS Unit 1: Lifestyle, Transport, Genes and Health: Topic 1: Lifestyle health and Risk
3
3
(a)
If a person routinely takes in more energy from their food than they use up, they will have
a positive energy balance. This results in the person becoming overweight or even obese.
body mass
Body mass index (BMI) =
2
(i)
height 2
BMI (kg m )
less than 20
underweight
2024.9
normal
2529.9
overweight
3040
obese
greater than 40
severely obese
Calculate the body mass index for a person with a body mass of 95 kg and a height
of 1.70 m. Show your working.
Answer ............................
(2)
(ii)
Suggest and explain the advice a doctor might provide to a person with a BMI
value over 40.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(5)
AS Unit 1: Lifestyle, Transport, Genes and Health: Topic 1: Lifestyle health and Risk
4
4
EA R
fo r
m a le s /
M J day
9
8
1
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
(i)
10
20
30
A g e / y e a rs
40
50
60
Use the graph to estimate the EAR of a 35 year old man with a low level of
physical activity.
...........................................................................................................................
(1)
AS Unit 1: Lifestyle, Transport, Genes and Health: Topic 1: Lifestyle health and Risk
5
5
The PAL value for a man with a low level of physical activity is 1.4.
Calculate the BMR for a 35 year old man with this level of physical activity.
Show your working.
Answer ...........................................
(2)
(Total 10 marks)
4.
Several risk factors influence the onset of coronary heart disease (CHD), including high blood
cholesterol level, high blood pressure and smoking. The chart shows the effect of combining
these three factors on the incidence of CHD.
700
In c id e n c e
of C H D
per
100 000
p e o p le
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
(a)
1
2
N u m b e r o f ris k fa c to rs
Describe the effect on the incidence of CHD of increasing the number of risk factors.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(3)
AS Unit 1: Lifestyle, Transport, Genes and Health: Topic 1: Lifestyle health and Risk
6
6
Explain how each of these risk factors can influence the onset of CHD.
High blood cholesterol ...............................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
High blood pressure ....................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
Smoking ......................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(6)
(Total 9 marks)
AS Unit 1: Lifestyle, Transport, Genes and Health: Topic 1: Lifestyle health and Risk
7
7