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garamond
garamond
garamond
innovations
history
technology
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garamond
garamond
garamond
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t y pe i n n ovati o n s
During the sixteenth century the techniques of printing
and moveable type were spreading throughout Europe.
In Germany, new printing techniques and letter-forms
were advancing and being invented. These modernizations spread rapidly. In France, a Renaissance man
called Geoffroy Tory set out to improve the French
language. He created systems of improving and adding specific letter-forms; such as accent marks. Years
later Claude Garamond, also known as Garamont,
achieved a high reputation as a type designer. He
revolutionized the quality of printing.
innovations
history
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contemporary
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was cut into two sizes. Since he was from France his
types were widely accepted there, and his typefaces
became a significant influence in their roman letter
standard, in place of black-letter types. After his death
in fifteen-ten, his typefaces were sold and are still
used today. In recent times the font that is attributed to
Garamond now, is actually not one of the fonts that he
created. It was produced by a French Printer, named
Jean Jannon. Because Jannon designed her font based
on his, many of the attributes are similar. Its viewed as
a contemporary restoration of his original designs.
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hi s to ry
o f g a r a mo n d
The development of typography and writing throughout history has advanced ever since the 15th century
when the letterpress and moveable type was invented.
After the humanist movement, type designers wanted
to continue to revolutionize type. The classification
called Garalde, also known as Aldine, was created to
categorize certain old style typefaces. At the time important Garalde fonts included Garamond and Bembo.
Claude Garamond was initially recognized for the design of Garamond; however Jean Jannon was actually
the real creator of this illustrious font.
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innovations
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The tail in the Q is stout and short in Helvetica. Ascenders in Garamond appear long and extended, compared to Helveticas. Garamonds lowercase g contains a fancy loop, whereas Helveticas lowercase g
is short like a tail. It is fascinating how both fonts are
extremely diverse, yet contain the same purpose of legibility for their time.
h e lv e t i c a
garamond
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t e c h n o lo g y
o f g a r a mo n d
The sixteenth century was a time period in which
the art of booking making was becoming revolutionized and prevalent. Garamond was highly influenced
by past type-designers so he set out his career as a
printer, punch-cutter, and type-designer. At the time,
propaganda and religious texts were highly sought
after; which was essential to the progression of society at the time. Different standards of printing became
widespread and significant in any type-foundry. Since
there were few skilled in the field of printing, there was
often a lot of competition. There were not many artists
who could actually master the craft of punch-cutting
and typecasting because it was tedious and and
particularly difficult process.
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In order to acquire the tools for printing one had to purchase punches and matrixes from the spouse of a deceased printer. There was also an off-chance that they
could bargain with a competitor for their letters. This
interaction was rare which made the designers valuable.
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abcdefghijklm
nopqrstuvwxyz
ABCDEFGHIJ
KLMNOPQRS
TUVWXYZ$%^&
grec s d u r o i
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evo luti o n
o f g a r a mo n d
Claude Garamonds work as a printer rendered him
one of the most exquisite designers of the sixteenth
century. Printers and punch-cutters that preceded
Garamond were influenced greatly by his styles. If it
was not for Garamond France may have only used
black-letter fonts, even today. Garamond replaced
black-letter forms with his, more elegant, roman letters. His more modern oblique capitals complimented
the italic lowercase creating a new kind of style that
became popular. His letterforms were more delicate
than ones before. He made his own refinements, such
as using larger counters and capitals, and using more
openly curved strokes. His intentions were purely
based on legibility and purpose of his typeface.
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His sketches were created scientifically. The proportions he used for his alphabet directly related to his
idea of the ideal form. He even said that, the crossstroke covers the mans organ of generation, to signify
that modesty and chastity are required, before all else,
in those who seek acquaintance with well-shaped letters. In this he believed that scientific reasoning and
logic, relating to the human figure, was needed in order
to make the perfect letterforms.
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co n te mp o r a ry
ga r a mo n d
Garamonds letterforms are still being used today; they
are essentially used for popular corporation advertisements, books, and logos. Garamonds purpose for his
font has still been maintained throughout history. He
originally created it for the purpose of legibility, mainly
for books. It was used for printing books. His work
was considered ground-breaking and he used in to
produce books like Paraphrases in Elegantiarum Libros
Laurentii Ballae, by Erasmus. Later it was used for important books like Gullivers Travels, in nineteen-fifty. It
was used for advertisement in Paris Worlds Fair in the
beginning of the twentieth century.
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Duke
U N I V E R S I T Y
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an ato my
o f g a r a mo n d
Rounded Forms
Round-Square Forms
Square Forms
Diagonal Square Forms
Diagonal Forms
rounded forms
Qq Oo
Gg Cc
Uu Ss
4
diagonal stress
descender
flat ear
spur
b o t h S s h a v e s i m i l a r p r o p o r t i o n s
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round-square forms
Bb Dd
Ee Jj
Pp Rr
arm
small counter
shoulder
disconnected bowl
descender
juncture
square forms
Ff Ll
Ii Tt
stem
terminal
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Nn Yy
K k Zz
Mm
slanted serif
foot
leg
weight change
diagonal forms
Aa Vv
Xx &
Ww
bracketed swash
cap height
x height
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30 -
point garamond
ABCDEFGHIJ
KLMNOPQRS
T U V W X Y Z fl fi
abcdefghijklm
nopqrstuvwxyz
1234567890&
. , ;:!?{ }
abcdefghijklm
nopqrstuvwxyz
&1234567890
ligatures
small caps
30 -
ABCDEFGHIJ
KLMNOPQRS
T U V W X Y Z fl fi
abcdefghijklm
nopqrstuvwxyz
1234567890&
. , ;:!?{ }
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30 -
ABCDEFGHIJ
KLMNOPQRS
T U V W X Y Z fl fi
abcdefghijklm
nopqrstuvwxyz
1234567890&
. , ;:!?{ }
abcdefghijklm
nopqrstuvwxyz
&1234567890
30 -
ABCDEFGHIJ
KLMNOPQRS
T U V W X Y Z fl fi
abcdefghijklm
nopqrstuvwxyz
1234567890&
. , ;:!?{ }
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paragraph size
point
Garamonds letterforms are still being used today; they are essentially used for popular corporation advertisements, books, and
logos. Garamonds purpose for his font has still been maintained
throughout history. He created it for the purpose of legibility.
14 -
point
Garamonds letterforms are still being used today; they are essentially used
for popular corporation advertisements, books, and logos. Garamonds purpose for his font has still been maintained throughout history. He created it
for the purpose of legibility, mainly for books.
12 -
point
Garamonds letterforms are still being used today; they are essentially used for
popular corporation advertisements, books, and logos. Garamonds purpose for his
font has still been maintained throughout history. He created it for the purpose of
legibility, mainly for books.
11 -
point
Garamonds letterforms are still being used today; they are essentially used for popular corporation advertisements,
books, and logos. Garamonds purpose for his font has still been maintained throughout history. He created it for
the purpose of legibility, mainly for books.
8 -
point
bibliography
Grecs du roi - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grecs_du_roi (accessed November 29, 2012).
Loxley, Simon. Garamuddle:when is a sixteenth-century typeface not a sixteenthcentury typeface?. In Type: the secret history of letters. London: I.B. Tauris, 2004.
40-42.
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