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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 COMPANY
Kesoram Industries Limited is one of the pioneer companies in India. It is under the
flagship 'B K Birla Group Of Companies'. Its production ranges from tires to cement to
rayon.Kesoram Industries Limited started its business with Kesoram Cotton Mills Ltd. in
1919. After the partnership began, production of rayon emerge. The first rayon plant was built
in 1959 under the name Kesoram Rayon. Shortly after the plant was built, the business started
the production of tires and cement under the brand name Birla Tyres and Birla Shakti
Cement respectively. A change of name was needed to reflect the companys increasing
business portfolio. In 1986, the company name changed to Kesoram Industries Limited. Since
then, Kesoram Industries Limited has grown stronger. Its reputation is recognized today by its
listings on four global stock exchanges: National Stock Exchange of India, Bombay Stock
Exchange, Calcutta Stock Exchange Association, and the Society de la Bourse de
Luxembourg.
KIL Cement Division is an award-winning cement manufacturer and is
one of the nation's largest producers to provide high quality products and
reliable services to our clients and communities throughout India. Discover
our manufacturing footprint, products, innovation methods, portfolio and
our philosophies along the way
A product of the prestigious BK Birla Group of Companies, Vasavadatta Cement
stands for everything that is unique and above the ordinary. Builders over a short span of time
have recognized our quality, strength and technology, which clearly has become a tradition
with us, translating into relationships strong and cemented. Ours is an ISO 9001 Company,
which goes on to prove the faith and trust we
Verappa College of Engineering, Shorapur
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Recognition and rewards for high standard of individual and professional competence.
1.4 PRODUCTION:
Currently, Kesoram Industries Limited has three major divisions:
1) Birla Tyres - Birla Tyres was first established in 1991, as part of Kesoram Industries
Limited. It then collaborated with world-class tyre manufacturer Pirelli, in the production and
development of its tires. Since then, Birla Tyres has built a solid reputation for quality and is
now recognized as one of the best tire manufacturers around. It is currently the chief sponsor
of Atletico De Kolkata in the Indian Super League(ISL).
2) Birla Shakti Cement - Under the cement division of Kesoram Industries Limited, Birla
Shakti manufactures and sells cement. The cement is widely recognized for its quality,
strength and technology, which has enabled the company to build strong working relationships
and gain the trust of their customers and builders. As a mark of its quality management best
practices, they have been certified an ISO 9001 company. Birla Shakti has two cement
Verappa College of Engineering, Shorapur
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Managing Director
General Manager
Administration
and accounts
HR
Assistant
Production
Engineer
Supervisor
Production
Store and
Dispatch
Store
Assistant
Executive
QA
QA
Inspector
s
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CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1 INTRODUCTION:
Modern managers and personal administrators are greatly interested in fathoming and
influencing the morale of the employees in such a way that it will contribute to the
maximum effectiveness, growth and progress of the organization.
Contemporary
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2.3 DEFINITIONS:
Morale is the sum of total of several psychic qualities which include courage,
fortitude, resolution and above all confidence.
---- Mooney
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There is absolute state of morale. Thus, morale is a neutral concept and it has to
be qualified with the degree as high morale or low morale. If the attitude of a
group is poor, morale is low and vice versa.
Morale is a relative concept and does not indicate by itself, the existence of
either a good or bad state. Therefore, it is inaccurate to speak of morale as
something which is either present or absent in a group.
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Observations
Attitude surveys
Company records
2.8.1 OBSERVATIONS:
A keen observation of employees behavior, talk, gestures should help the manager
to identify any change in the level of morale. On identifying this, the manager should
immediately think of a remedial action in order to restore the morale at its previous
level.
2.8.2 ATTITUDE SURVEYS:
Attitude surveys are conducted mainly in two ways
(i) Interview method
Verappa College of Engineering, Shorapur
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Working Environment:
The physical place in which people work says a lot about the organization, its
values and its policies. Employees are more productive when their environment is
comfortable, pleasant and efficiently organized for the tasks top be performed. As you
arrive tomorrow morning, look objectively at your neighborhood, building, entrance
area and the individual offices.
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ARTICLES:
According to HARELL Morale is a group concept having five components
(a) a feeling of togetherness i.e., of belonging to a group and not and not
isolated.
being
(b) a clear goal (which will be targets of production) set before them.
(c) there must be an observed pr perceived progress toward the attainment of goal.
Verappa College of Engineering, Shorapur
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attitudes is to
Another indication of high morale is where people in the organization see action
required and willingly sacrifice their goals for the growth of organization.
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CHAPTER III
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
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To find the expectation of employees towards job, work environment and financial
benefits.
CHAPTER IV
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
4.1 RESEARCH DESIGN:
Verappa College of Engineering, Shorapur
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Percentage method
Chi-square method
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In this project Percentage method test is used. It can be calculated in the following
way.
No. of respondents
x 100
Percentage of respondent =
Total no of respondents
CHI-SQUARE ANALYSIS:
The test used in the analysis was Chi-square test. Karl Pearson in 1990 developed a
test for testing the significance of discrepancy between experimental values and
theoretical values obtained under some theory or hypothesis.
Formula:
Chi-square = {(O-E)2 / E}
O = Observed frequency
E = Expected frequency
Chi-square is used to test whether differences between observed and expected
frequencies are used.
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importance of all the items in the distribution is not the same where the importance of
the items varies. It is essential to allocate weight applied but may vary in different
cases. Thus weightage is a number standing for the relative importance of items.
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CHAPTER V
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
GENDER
OF THE
Gender
Frequency
Percent
Male
32
64.0
Female
18
36.0
Total
50
100.0
RESPONDENT
TABLE No.5.1
INFERENCE:
From the above given table it is inferred that 64% of the employees are male and
36% of the employees are female
CHART 5.1
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30
Frequency
20
10
0
Male
Female
Martial status
Single
Frequency
25
Percent
50.0
Married
25
50.0
Total
50
100.0
INFERENCE:
Above table states that 50% of the respondents are Married and 50% of the respondents are
Unmarried.
CHART 5.2
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20
Frequency
10
0
Single
Married
QUALIFICATION OF RESPONDENTS
TABLE 5.3
Frequency
Percent
1 member
2.0
2 Members
32
64.0
3 Members
13
26.0
More than 3
members
8.0
Total
50
100.0
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INFERENCE:
The above table states that 38% of the employees are degree holders, 30% of the
employees have passed HSC, 16% of the employees have passed SSLC, 14% of the
employees possess PG degree.
CHART 5.3
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Individual thinking
Frequency
Percentage
Challenging
11
22.0
Interesting
30
60.0
creative
2.0
Poor
16.0
Total
50
100.0
INFERENCE:
The table states that 60% of the employees rated their job as interesting, 22% of the
employees rated their job as challenging, 16% of the employees rated their job as poor and 2%
of the employees as creative.
CHART 5.4
Poor
Challenging
creative
Intersting
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Frequency
Percent
Salary problem
16
32.0
Working hours
18
36.0
others
15
30.0
None
2.0
Total
50
100.0
INFERENCE:
The table clearly states that 36% of the respondents have problem in their working hours,
32% of the respondents have problem in their salary and 15% of the respondents have their
problems in other areas.
CHART 5.5
Salary problem
Working hours
WORKLOAD
TABLE 5.6
Verappa College of Engineering, Shorapur
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Workload
Frequency
Percent
Satisfied
36
72.0
Moderate
16.0
Dissatisfied
12.0
Total
50
100.0
INFERENCE:
The above table states that 72% of the employees are satisfied with workload, 16% of
the employees are moderate and 12% of the employees are dissatisfied.
CHART 5.6
WORKLOAD
Dissatisfied
Moderate
Satisfied
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Frequency
Percent
Highly satisfied
10.0
Satisfied
22
44.0
Moderate
22
44.0
Dissatisfied
2.0
Total
50
TABLE 5.7
100.0
INFERENCE:
The data in the table states that 44% of the employees are satisfied with work environment,
44% of the employees are moderate, 10% of the employees are dissatisfied and 2% of the
employees are dissatisfied.
CHART 5.7
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Job
Frequency
Percent
Highly satisfied
2.0
Satisfied
32
64.0
Moderate
15
30.0
Dissatisfied
4.0
Total
50
100.0
WORK ENVIRONMENT
50
40
30
20
Percent
10
0
Highly satisfied
Satisfied
Moderate
Dis-satisfied
WORK ENVIRONMENT
JOB
TABLE 5.8
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INFERENCE:
The table depicts that 64% of the employees are satisfied with their job, 30% of them are
moderate, 4% of the employees are dissatisfied and 2 % of them are highly satisfied.
CHART 5.8
GOOD RELATIONSHIP WITH WORKER
TABLE 5.9
INFERENCE:
The table states that 86% of the respondents having good relationship with the co-workers
and 14% of them are not having the relationship.
Chart 5.9
PROMOTIONAL OPPORTUNITES IN COMPANY
TABLE 5.10
Promotional
opportunities
Good Relationship
Based on merit
Yes
Based on
seniority
No
Frequency
Frequency
4
29
Percent
Percent
8.0
43
86.0
58.0
14.0
50
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100.0
B
th
o
se
a
do
nse
io
n
m
rty
R
P
O
M
T
IO
N
A
L
O
P
R
O
T
U
N
IT
E
S
Both
17
34.0
Total
50
100.0
INFERENCE:
The above table states that 58% of the employees are provided promotional activities on
seniority bases, 34% of the employees on both and 8% of the employees on merit basis.
CHART 5.10
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Frequency
Percent
very good
2.0
Fair
12
24.0
Poor
37
74.0
Total
50
100.0
INFERENCE:
The table states that 74% of the respondents stated that transport facilities in organization
are poor, 24% of the respondents stated fair and 2% of the respondent stated that transport
facilities are very good.
Chart 5.11
TRANSPORT FACILITIES
very good
Fair
Poor
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OBSERVED COUNT
WORK ENVIRONMENT
Highly
satisfied
THE TOTAL
NUMBER OF YEAR
WORKING
Satisfied
6
9
Moderate
9
12
Dissatisfied
0
1
22
22
50
1 year
2 year
0
1
3 year
More than three
year
Total
Total
15
23
Table 5.12.1
EXPECTED COUNT
WORK ENVIRONMENT
THE TOTAL
NUMBER OF YEAR
WORKING
1 year
2 year
Highly
satisfied
1.5
2.3
Satisfied
6.6
10.1
Moderate
6.6
10.1
Dissatisfied
.3
.5
Total
15.0
23.0
3 year
.9
4.0
4.0
.2
9.0
.3
1.3
1.3
.1
3.0
5.0
22.0
22.0
1.0
50.0
Total
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TABLE 5.12.2
CALCULATION:
O
0
6
9
0
1
9
12
1
4
4
1
0
0
3
0
0
5
22
22
1
E
1.5
6.6
6.6
0.3
2.3
10.1
10.1
0.5
0.9
4
4
0.2
0.3
1.3
1.3
0.1
5
22
22
1
(O-E)
-1.5
0.6
2.4
-0.3
-1.3
-1.1
1.9
0.5
3.1
0
-3
-0.2
-0.3
1.7
-1.3
-0.1
0
0
0
0
(O-E)2/ E
1.5
0.05454
0.8727
0.3
0.7347
0.1198
0.3574
0.5
10.67
0
0.5625
0.2
0.3
2.2230
1.3
0.1
0
0
0
0
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Factors
Workload
Work
Satisfied
0
Satisfied
36
Moderate
8
Dis-satisfied
6
Environment
Relationship
22
22
with
21
22
superiors
Job
32
15
`
4
Highly
satisfied
3
Satisfied
Average
score
Ranks
Workload
108
16
130
2.60
Work
Environment
20
66
44
131
2.62
12
63
44
123
2.46
96
30
132
2.64
Relationship
with
superiors
Job
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CHAPTER VI
FINDINGS OF STUDY
64% of the employees are male and most of them are degree holders
The working condition provided by the organization satisfy the majority of the
employees
Canteen facilities and Water facilities provided by organization are good. But the
transportation facilities are found to be poor.
The employees in organization rated first to their job, second rating to their work
environment, third to workload and fourth to relationship with superiors.
Using the chi-square analysis it is found that there is no significant difference between
between work environment and total number of years working by an employee.
Most of the respondents are satisfied with the workload provided by organization.
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The respondents have rated first to quality, second rating to value of money, third to
timely delivery and fourth to availability of the product.
The promotional opportunities in the organization are based on seniority basis only.
The organization should also provide promotional opportunities on the basis of merits
obtained by employees. This will give a sense of motivation to the employees to boost up
their performance.
Transport facility found to be the most lacking facilities in the organization. The employees
coming from far places are not offered such facilities. So the company should provide proper
transportation facilities to all its employees. This would minimize the problems like turnover
and absenteeism for the company.
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CHAPTER VII
CONCLUSIONS
The facilities provided by organization were good. The Employee morale in the
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CHAPTER VIII
8.1 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The survey period was one month. Hence limited time was spent for doing the survey.
Some of the respondents didnt give real data due to fear on management.
Since data was collected during working hours of employees they feel it as some
disturbances to them.
The respondent may be biased while answering the questions so the sample result
cannot be applied to the population in whole
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The study is confined to DEEKAY EXPORTS LIMITED, highlights the need for high
morale among the employees in the organization.
The recommendations and suggestions of the study can also be applied to similar
project or similar situation.
It will be also helpful to those who make a research on this topic as a good reference.
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The study helps to know the expectations and satisfaction factors of an employee in
DEEKAY EXPORTS LIMITED.
ANNEXURE-I
QUESTIONNAIRE
1. Name:
2. Gender:
Male{ }
Female{ }
3. Martial status:
Single { }
Married { }
4. Educational Qualification:
SSLC { }
HSC { }
Diploma { }
Degree { }
Post Graduate { }
Others { }
5. How many members in your family depend on you?
Verappa College of Engineering, Shorapur
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b) 2
c) 3
d) More than 3
b) 1000-2000{ }
b) Two year
b) Interesting
c) Creative
d) Poor
b) Satisfied
c) Ok
b) Working hours
c) Others
d) None
11. What is your opinion about the following factors in your organization?
Factors
Highly
Satisfied
Satisfied
Moderate
Dissatisfied
Workload
Work
environment
Relationship
with superiors
Job
12. How do you feel about workers participation in your company?
a) Good
b) Normal
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d) Bad
b) No
2) Very Good
3) Fair
4) Poor
Canteen
facilities
Water
facilities
Safety
measures
Clean
surroundings
Transport
facilities
15)
b) No
b) No
b) No
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b) Job itself
c) Job Security
d) Others
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ANNEXURE - II
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS:
1) Kothari, C.R.,
---
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
2) MOMORIA.C.B
----
PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT
WEBSITES:
www.management.org
www.moraleinfo.com
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