Ma Qixi

This is a Chinese name; the family name is Ma.

3 Death

Ma Qixi (18571914; simplied Chinese: ;

traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: M Qx ; Wade
Giles: Ma Chi-hsi), a Hui from Gansu, was the founder
of the Xidaotang, a Chinese-Islamic school of thought.

In 1914, the Khaya Su general Ma Anliang tried to exterminate the Xidaotang and Ma. Ma's Arabic name was
Ersa (Jesus).* [3] Westerners called himProphet Jesus
.* [4] Ma Anliang was jealous of the Xidaotang's success,
so when the bandit Bai Lang attacked Gansu in 1914,
Ma Anliang seized it as an excuse. His troops seized and
shot Ma and 17 of his family and followers on the west
river.* [5]

Education and teaching

Ma was born into the family of a Tozhu ahong of the

Beizhuang menhuan, a Su order. At 11 years of age,
he studied with a non-Muslim who was an examination
graduate at the private academy he attended. He was
introduced to the senior licentiate, Fan Shengwu, whose
school was at New Taozhou.* [1] Ma placed second in the
Tozhu examination and fourth in the prefectural examination in Gongchang, achieving the rank of xiucai.* [1]

4 References
[1] Lipman, Jonathan Neaman (2004). Familiar Strangers: A
history of Muslims in Northwest China. Seattle: University
of Washington Press. pp. 188190. ISBN 0-295-976446. Retrieved 2010-06-28.
[2] Dillon, Michael (1999). China's Muslim Hui Community:
migration, settlement and sects. Richmond: Curzon Press.
p. 142. ISBN 0-7007-1026-4. Retrieved 2010-06-28.

He studied Neo-Confucian texts and the Han Kitab.

Wang Daiyu, Ma Zhu, Liu Zhi, and others had synthesized Confucianism with Islam. Ma believed Muslims
should use Chinese culture to understand Islam. He
opened his own school, Gold Star Hall (Jinxing Tang) at
a gongbei of his menhuan. He taught Islam, Chinese curriculum, and the Han Kitab. Ma became an independent
instructor; the Khaya Sus called him heterodox or an
indel for his success and unconventional curriculum.

[3] Botham, M. E. (1920). Zwemer, Samuel Marinus, ed.

Islam in Kansu. The Moslem World (Harrisburg, PA:
Christian Literature Society for India, Hartford Seminary
Foundation) 10: 381. ISSN 0362-4641. Retrieved 201106-06.
[4] The Far Eastern review, engineering, nance, commerce
15. Shanghai. 1919. p. 587. OCLC 145143913. Retrieved 2011-06-06.

The strife between Biezhuang and Hausi went to court in

1902, and the Taozhou subprefect proscribed Ma's teachings and beat his followers. The verdict was reversed by
a higher court sympathetic to the Xidaotang.

[5] Dillon, China's Muslim Hui Community, p. 146.

Ma set up a mosque in Taozhou. Taking a cue from Laozi,

the Daoist sage, Ma and several disciples Ma Yingcai, Ma Jianyuan, and Ding Zhonghewent on a hajj
to Mecca in 1905. They were stuck in Samarkand, and
spent three years teaching among the Baishan Sus.* [1]
Ma Yingcai died on the journey.* [2]

Xidaotang

In 1909 Ma and the surviving disciples were welcomed

back to Lintan by Ding Quande and his son Ding Yongxiang.* [2] Ma opened a school called the Xidaotang (
Western HospiceorHall of the Western Dao). He
felt strong attachment to Chinese culture, and when Qing
fell in 1912, the Xidaotang men cut their queues and the
women unbound their feet.* [1]
1

5 TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

5.1

Text

Ma Qixi Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma_Qixi?oldid=677844063 Contributors: Babelsch, Rjwilmsi, Doncram, Nlu, Hmains,

Colonies Chris, ShelfSkewed, Cydebot, Nick Number, Waacstats, R'n'B, MezzoMezzo, JohnBlackburne, Addbot, Merlissimo, Diannaa,
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5.2

Images

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Contributors: Transferred from en.wikipedia; transfer was stated to be made by User:Rockfang. Original artist: Original uploader was
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5.3

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