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The objective of this experiment was to control the level water in a tank automatically by using a
feedback loop with a PI controller. In this experiment, pneumatic controlled system (compressed
air) was used to control the valve. In this experiment an air-to-open valve was used as the final
control element. First the set point of this experiment was to a certain step (30 to 31) and the
response of the process was observed by using a computerized control interface. All the control
parameters, set point, gain etc. were directly measured by the response of the process. The
software has the provision for saving the course of control action and the necessary plots.
Observed Data
changeoutput
changeinput
11.27
0.16 = 70.4375 unit length/mA
Calculated Data
Using Internal Model Control (IMC) Method,
= 10sec
Kc = 0.3048
I= = 237 sec
2.
Kc= 0.3211
I= 237.5 sec
D = 0.4989 sec
SAMPLE CALCULATION
From Observed data, we get
Time at 63.2% response,
= 237 sec
= 10 sec
For PI controller,
Kc=
T
Tc+
1
237
70.4375 1+ 10
2
1
c+
2
+
Kc=
I=
D =
2 +
= 237+0.5
1
237 +0.5
70.4375
10+ 0.5
= 237.5 sec
237 7.5
2 237 +1 = 0.4989 sec
Fig.03:- Response of open loop simulation (as step changes from 30 to 31)
Discussion
From the graphical representation of the process response to change in set point was observed
(fig.01) and controller parameter (K, ) was determined. From the response of open loop
simulation of the process controller design parameter (Kc I) was calculated. In Fig.03, response of
open loop simulation (as step changes from 30 to 31) was shown.
In fig.05, the response of PI controller with (Kc =3.26) was shown. Curve shows fluctuation and
that was tuned with Kc = 30 (fig.06).
The simulation and tuning of original process in PI controller shows that the process will response
properly (without fluctuation) at a value (Kc) greater than that of design value.