“\nß-fn-√msX” F¥v hnI-k\w ?

AU-z. sjdn. sP. tXmak

v
AS-®n´ hmXn-ep-Iƒ°p ]n∂n¬ Ip´n-Ifpw kv{XoIfpw `b∂v hnd-ß-en®p \n¬-°p-tºmƒ,
P\-Øn\v kwc-£Ww \¬tI- t]meo-kns‚ i‡n-bp-]-tbm--Kn®v `mj-b-dn-bmØ Jem-kn-
Iƒ hoSns‚ IXIpIfpw P\-ep-Ifpw XI¿°p∂p. CXp-I- v hoSn-\p-≈n-emb Ip´n-Ifpw
kv{XoIfpw am-d-Ø-Sn®v Ic-bp-∂p. sNdp-°m≥ {ian® Hcp hn`mKw P\-ßsf t]meokv emØn-
bp-]-tbm-Kn®v ASn-t®m-Sn-°p-∂p. Ign™ Znh-k-ß-fn¬ Fd-Wm-Ipfw Pn√-bn¬ aq-e-ºn≈n
F∂ Zo]n¬ \S∂ Cu Im´m-f-Ø-c-Øns‚ Hm¿Ωbn¬ \n∂v C\nbpw Cu Zo]v tamNn-X-am-bn-
´n-√.

aqeºn-≈n-bn¬ am{X-a√ tIc-f-sa-ºmSpw hnI--k-\-Øns‚ t]cn¬ Bcpw ta¬hn-em-k-an-√msX

Hcp Znhkw t]mepw Ign-tb- Ahÿ D- m-I-cp-sX-∂mWv B{K-ln-°p-∂-Xv. hnI-k-\-Øn\v
Bcpw FXn-c-√. IpSn-bn-d-°-s∏-´-h-cpsS kz-]v\-߃ XI¿Øv AhnsS s]mXp kz]v\߃
]Wn-bp-tºmƒ ]pd-Øm-°-s∏-´-h¿ XßfpsS Zp¿hn-[-tbm¿Ø kzbw ]gn-°p∂ ÿnXn D- m-
I-cp-Xv. Ahsc IqSn hnI-k-\-Øns‚ KpW-t`m-‡m-°-fm-°-W-sa-∂mWv \ΩpsS Bh-i-yw.

hoSv \jvS-am-b-h¿ Ct∏mƒ A-¥n-bp-d-ßp-∂Xv ]≈n hI kvIqfn¬. kpc-£n-X-amb `h-\-ß-

fn¬ F√m kuI-c-y-tØmSpw IqSn Ign-™n-cp-∂-h¿ F√m kz-Im-c-y-Xbpw \jvS-s∏´v H‰
lmfn¬ Ign-bp-∂p. Xßsf ta¬hn-em-k-an-√m-Ø-h-cm-°nb hnI-k-\-]-≤-Xn-°v Ch-cmcpw FXn-
c-√. Fhn-sS-sb-¶nepw hmktbm-K-y-amb 6 sk‚v ÿew e`n-°-W-sa∂ \ym-b-amb Bh-iyw
am{X-amWv Ah¿ D∂-bn-°p-∂-Xv. (kvam¿´v kn‰n ]≤-Xn-°p-th- n IpSn-sbm-gn-∏n-°-s∏-´-h¿°v
]≤Xn {]tZ-i-Øn-\-SpØp Xs∂ 6 sk‚v `qan \¬In-bn-cp-∂p). 2 Znh-k-ß-fn-embn C{Xbpw
_lfw aqe-ºn-≈n-bn¬ \S-∂-t∏mgpw Hcp cmjv{So-b-]m¿´nbpw Ahn-sS-sb-Øn-bn-√. aqe-º≈n
sk‚v AK-Ãn≥kv ]≈n hnIm-cnbpw hcm-∏pg AXn-cq-]-X-bnse GXm\pw Nne sI kn ssh
Fw {]h¿Ø-Icpw, hSp-X-e, a™p-Ω¬ XpS-ßnb ÿeß-fn¬ Ip-Sn-bn-d-°-en-s\-Xnsc
{]h¿Øn-°p∂ Nnecpw am{X-amWv CXn-s\-Xnsc {]Xn-tj-[n-°m≥ cwK--sØ-Øn-b-Xv.
h√m¿]mSw ]≤-Xn-bp-sS-Xs∂ `mK-ambn hSp-Xe F∂ ÿØp \n∂pw IpSn-bn-d-°nbh-cpsS
IY-Iƒ C\nbpw thsd-bp-- v... _m¶n¬ \n∂v tem¨ FSpØv ]WnX hoSn\v amkw tXmdpw
hmbv] Xncn-®-Shv XpS-ßn-bn´v 3 h¿j-tØm-f-am-sb-¶nepw Ct∏mgpw ]en-i-t]mepw AS-™p-
Xo¿∂n-´n-√. At∏m-gmWv h√m¿]mSw Is- -bv\¿ sS¿an-\-en-\p-th-- n-bp≈ sdbn¬ ]Wn-bpsS
`mK-ambn s]mXp Bh-iyw F∂ t]cn¬ ÿe-sam-gn-b-W-sa∂v Bh-iy-s∏´v Pn√m `c-W-Iq-S-
Øns‚ t\m´okv e`n-®-Xv. Intem-ao-‰-dp-Iƒ amdn IjvSn®p hoSp-h-bv°m-\p≈ `qan \¬Imsa∂v
A[n-Im-cn-Iƒ kΩ-Xn-®p. (AXv NXp∏p \ne-am-sW-∂p≈ Bt£]w thsd). Gs‰-Sp-°p∂
`qan°v sk‚ H∂n\v dPn-ÿ B^o-kn¬ sNbvXn-´p≈ {]am-W-ß-fn¬ ImWn-®n-cn-°p∂
ÿe-hn-e-bpw \¬Im-sa∂pw hmKvZm\w \¬In. HSp-hn¬ IW-°p-Iq-´n-t\m-°n-b-t∏mƒ, e`n-
°p∂ XpI-sIm- v c- p-ap-dn-bp-≈ Hcp hoSp-t]mepw ]Wn-bm-\m-In-√. Hgn-™p-sIm-SpØ hoSv
]Wn-bm-s\-SpØ tem¨ AS-bv°p∂ Imcy-am-sW-¶n¬ Btem-Nn-°m-\pw- hø.
t]c-- q¿ I\-en-\p-th- n IpSn-bn-d-°n-b-h-cpsS IYbpw hy-X-y-kvX-a-√. sIm®n-bpsS Pe-K-Xm-
KXtaJ-e-bn¬ Hcp ImeØv \n¿Æm-bI ]¶p-h-ln-®n-cp∂ t]c- q¿ I\m¬ hoXn \ne-
\n¿Øp-∂-Xns‚ `mK-ambn ssItø-‰-°msc Hgn-∏n-®p-sIm-- n-cn-°pIbm-Wv. 400 ¬ A[nIw
ssItb-‰-°m-cp-s- -∂mWv dnt∏m¿s´-¶nepw AXn¬ Xmc-X-tay\ Zcn-{Z-cmb 38 IpSpw-_-ßsf
IpSn-bn-d-°n-I-gn-™p. tijn-°p-∂-hsc Hgn-∏n-°m≥ C\nbpw i‡n t\Sm-\p≈ Hcp-°-Øn-
emWv `c-W-Iq-S-sa-∂mWv Adn-bp-∂-Xv. ssItødn Xma-kn-°p-∂-h¿°v Ce-Iv{Sn-kn‰n IW-
£\pw sSe-t^m¨ IW-£\pw hm´¿ IW-£\pw a‰pw \¬In-bn-cp-∂Xv F¥v ASn-ÿm-\-
Øn-e-sW-∂Xv as‰mcp tNmZ-yw. 15 Intem-ao-‰-dn-\-∏p-dØv ^vfm‰v \¬Imsa∂mWv t]c-- q¿
I\m-en¬ \n∂v Hgn-∏n-°-s∏-´-h¿°v \¬Inb hm°v. ]s£ amk-ß-fmbn Chsc Fd-Wm-Ipfw
\K-c-Øn¬ sdbn¬sh tÃj-\p-k-ao]w tIm¿∏-td-j≥ hI tlm´-en¬ Hcp IpSpw-_-Øn\v 2
apdn F∂ IW-°n¬ Xma-kn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. kz-¥-ambn ta¬hn-emkw t]mepw \jvS-s∏´
38 IpSpw-_-ß-fpsS bmX-\-Ifpw kaqlw ad∂p XpS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
CXv H‰-s∏´ kw`-h-ß-f-√. CXn-\p-k-am-\-amb a‰p \nc-h[n A\p-`-h-߃ sIm®n \K-c-Øns‚
hnI-k-\-Km-Y-tbm-S-\p-_-‘n®v tN¿Øp-hm-bn-t°-- -Xp-- v. Ch¿°p-th- n \ne-sIm-≈m≥
bYm¿∞-Øn¬ hnI-k-\- Øns‚ KpW-t`m-‡m-°-fmb F√m-hcpw _m[-y-ÿ-cm-Wv. AXn-ep-
]cn s]mXp kaq-l-Øns‚ Xs∂ IS-a-bm-Wv. a\p-j-ys‚ PohnX kml-N-c-yßfpambn _‘-
ap≈ ]p\-c-[n-hm-k-am-bn-cn-°Ww am‰n-∏m¿∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿°v \¬tI-- -Xv. `mcXw kzm-X-
{¥yw t\Sp-∂-Xn\v F{Xtbm apºv {_n´ojv `c-W-Øn≥ Iogn¬ D- m-°n-bn-cp∂ 1894 se
em‚v AIzn-kn-j≥ \nb-a-a-\p-k-cn-®mWv Ct∏mgpw hnI-k-\-Øn-\p-th-- n-bp≈ s]mXp Bh-
iyw IW-°n-se-SpØv `qan Gs‰-Sp-°¬ \S-°p-∂-Xv. ]s£ AXn\v `c-Iq-SsØ am{Xw Ip‰-s∏-
Sp-Øn-bn´v Imc-y-an-√; ImcWw \nb-a-\n¿ΩmWw \S-tØ-- Xv P\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-I-fm-Wv. AXp-sIm-
- m-bn-cn°mw P\-hn-Imcw IW-°n-se-SpØv ]m¿e-sa‚n¬ IpXnb \nb-a-\n¿Ωm-W-Øn\v If-
sam-cp-ßp-∂-Xv.
Gs‰-Sp-°p∂ `qan°v k¿°m¿ \n›-bn-°p∂ hne am-{Xta Ipd-hm-sW∂v Bt£-]-ap-≈q.
tKm{io ]me-ß-fp-ambn _‘-s∏´pw a‰pw \nI-Ønb `qan k¿°m¿ hn¬°p-tºmƒ AXn\v
icn-bmb am¿°‰v hne Xs∂-bmWv hmßp∂Xv. s\Sp-ºm-t»cn hnam-\-Øm-h-f-Øn\v Gs‰-
SpXØ G°-dp-I-W-°n\v ÿew an®w h∂Xv h≥InS tlm´-ep-Iƒ°v hn‰-Xpw am¿´‰v .
]s£ k¿°m¿ Gs‰-Sp-°p∂ `qan°v ( DLPC) Pn√m-Xe IΩn‰n \n›-bn-°p∂ hnebmWv
{]iv\w. AXv cPn-kv{Xm-∏o-knse tcJ-I-fnse hne am{Xw. GsXmcp hnI-k-\-{]-
h¿Ø\hpambn _‘-s∏´pw Bt£-]-߃ ]Xn-hm-Wv; {]tX-y-In®v tIc-f-Øn¬. ]s£
kvam¿´v kn‰n ÿe-sa-Sp-∏n¬ C¥-y-bn¬ \¬In-b-Xn¬ h®v G‰hpw anI® ]p\-c-[n-hmk
]mt°-Pm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂mWv IW-°m-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. ImcWw AhnsS ÿe-sam-gn-™-h¿°v
hnI-k-\Øns‚ KpW-^-e-߃ XpS¿∂pw e`n-°p∂ coXn-bn¬X-s∂-bmWv am‰n-∏m¿∏n-°¬
D- m-b-Xv. AXp-t]mse h¿j-߃°p apºv Ieq¿ aW-∏m-´n-∏-d-ºn¬ k¿°m¿ `qan Gs‰-Sp-Ø-
t∏mgpw Ahn-sS-bp-- m-bn-cp∂ 70 hoSp-Iƒ°v ]Icw 103 hoSp-I-fmWv Ahn-sS Gs‰-SpØ `qan-
bn¬Øs∂ k¿°m¿ \¬In-b-Xv. am‰n-∏m¿∏n-®-t∏mƒ Hcp ho´n¬Øs∂-bp-- m-bn-cp∂ H∂n-e-
[nIw IpSpw-_-߃°v ]pXnb hoSv \¬Im≥ {i≤n-®n-cp∂ph-s∂-XmWv AhnsS FSpØv ]d-
tb- hkvXp-X.
am‰n-∏m¿∏n-°-enepw `qan Gs‰-Sp-°p-∂-Xnepw ]q¿Æ kpXm-cy-Xbpw \oXnbpw Dd-∏m-°p-I, am‰n-
∏m¿∏n-°-s∏-´-h¿ kmº-Øn-I-ambn am{X-a-√, am\-hnI hnI-k-\-Ønepw kpc-£n-X-X-z-Ønepw
Xß-fpsS A`n-em-j-߃°-\p-kr-X-ambn apºp- mbn-cp-∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ Imcyambn sa®-s∏´
ÿnXn-bn-emWv F∂v Dd-∏p-h-cp-Øp-I, {]tX-yI ]≤-Xn-bn¬ \n∂v {]tbm-P\w e`n-°p∂ P\-
ß-fp-ambn s]mXp-hn¬ hnI-k-\-{]-{In-b-bpsS KpW-t`m-‡m-°-fp-amtbm Xmc-X-a-yw sNøm-hp∂
Xc-Øn-ep≈ {]tbm-P\w am‰n-∏m¿∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿°v e`-y-am-Ip∂p F∂v Dd-∏p-h-cp-Øp-I
F∂n-h-sbm-s°-bmWv tI{µ-k¿°m¿ apt∂m-´p-h-® ]pXnb tZiob hnI-k\, am‰n-∏m¿∏n-°¬
]p\-c-[n-hmk \b-Øns‚ (National Development, Displacement and Rehabilitation Policy ) -
{]tX-y-I-X-Iƒ. sat{Sm dbn¬, \mep-h-cn-∏mX XpSßn \nc-h[n hnI-k-\-߃ C\nbpw
sIm®nsb ImØn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. AXn-\p-ap-ºmbn ]pXnb \bw \nb-a-am-bm¬ hnI-k-\hpw
]p\-c-[n-hm-k-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´v C∂p-- m-Ip∂ ]cn-`-h-߃ Hcp-]t£ Hgn-hm-°m-\m-tb-°pw.
C∂se hsc kz¥w hoSp-I-fn¬ A¥n-bp-d-ßn-b-hsc hnI-k-\-Øns‚ t]cn¬ sXcp-hnepw
kvIqƒ lmfnepw A¥n-bp-d-°m≥ Xp\n-bp∂ sP kn _n kwkvImcw \ap°v th- . Aßs\
sXcp-hn-em-Ip-∂-h-tcmSv ]£w tNcm≥ \ap° Ncn-{X-]-c-ambpw ssk¥m-≤n-I-ambpw _m[-y-X-
bp-- v.