CW 1308 Voice Cabling

Wiring of a normal telephone extension on a normal telephone circuit requires a Secondary socket
connected back to the master socket and all of the other secondary sockets in parallel (all connected
together). This uses two pairs to connect from one socket to the next.

Wiring of telephone extension from a PABX normally requires a PBX Master socket for each
extension connected back to the PABX or distribution box. This uses one pair for each extension.

Wiring ISDN extension sockets requires a CAT5/ISDN RJ45 socket. Each socket is connected to the
previous in a daisy chain arrangement back to the master socket network termination point or PABX,
or distribution box.

A distribution box can be used to help organise the wiring when wiring a home/office with a PABX, as
each extension has to be wired back to one point.

Normal (CW1308) telephone cable is used for Basic Rate ISDN or telephone sockets. However, for
network cabling, Cat5 is recommended.

Whilst screw terminals can be used on sockets, it is often simpler and more reliable to use IDC instead.
This requires a tool (2A), which pushes the cable in to the connectors.

Polarity

Whilst many products are not polarity conscious - some are therefore it is better to observe a standard
method of cabling at all times;

A Leg TIP 0V

B Leg RING -50V

Earth Calling Equipment

Earth calling equipment seizes a line by momentarily applying an earth to the 'B' leg.

Timed Break Recall

In the UK a Timed Break is often applied to activate exchange or PBX facilities. This action is
sometimes referred to as 'Hook Flash' and is the equivalent of a 98mS break to the line circuit
Master Sockets

Master sockets are used for wiring PABX extensions. There are actually two types - a normal master
socket and a PABX master socket, but either will work on a PABX. The difference is that a normal
master socket includes a surge suppresser.

The pair of wires is connected to pins 2 and 5 of the master socket. Extensions can then be run using
pairs on 2/5 and on 3/4.

The actual connections are normally coloured as follows: -

Colour Usage
1 Green/White Spare
2 Blue/White Telephone
3 Orange/White Ring
4 White/Orange Earth
5 White/Blue Telephone
6 White/Green Spare

If earth is used (usually only for some types of meter pulse operated payphones or call logging
equipment), then there will be an incoming earth connection to the master socket (usually fitted as the
BT master socket).
Secondary Sockets

The difference between a master and a secondary socket is that the master includes a capacitor and
resistor in order to extract the ring current on pin 3. Without this your phone will not ring.

Connect all of the secondary sockets together, connecting pins 2 and 5 as a one pair and 3 and 4 as
another, and always connecting all of the wires to the same pins on all of the sockets and connecting all
of the wires back to the master socket.
ISDN Cabling

ISDN sockets are 8 way RJ45 sockets connected as follows: -

Colour Usage
1 White/Orange Power 3
2 Orange/White optional
3 White/Green TE->NT +
4 Blue/White NT->TE +
5 White/Blue NT->TE -
6 Green/White TE->NT -
7 White/Brown Power 2
8 Brown/White optional

The extension wiring for an ISDN2 line must daisy chained each socket connecting to the last back to
the NT unit. You can either have one terminal up to 800m away from the NT unit, or any number
within 150m (total cable length). The last socket on the cable must have terminating resistors enabled,
and the NT must have its termination turned off. For cabling over 150m the NT must be set to long
cabling timing (the speed of light is playing a part here!). The sockets can be ordinary RJ45 data
sockets except the last must have 100ohm-terminating resistors across 3-6 and 4-5. The polarity should
be preserved.

There are two switches on the NT (box connecting to the BT line); one is for IN/OUT indicating that
the terminating resistors in the box are in or out. The other is marked L/S indicating long or short lines.

You can wire ISDN using only two pairs (4/5 and 3/6), as the additional pairs are optional power lines.
The optional power lines are not used by most ISDN phones as there is also power provided on 3/4/5/6.
Note that a standard BT line does not have enough power to run a normal ISDN phone, but this is
relevant where wiring extensions from a PABX with internal ISDN lines.

Shown above is the standard socket used in Europe for the connection of ISDN equipment. The socket
is shown as viewed from the front with the contacts at the top and the slot for the latch at the bottom.
As shown, the contacts are numbered from left to right (1 - 8).
The two centre contacts (4 & 5) carry the data from the NT to the user equipment, the two contacts
either side of them (3 & 6) carry the user- generated data to the NT. It is absolutely essential that the
wires of one twisted pair be used for contacts 4 & 5 and that the wires of another twisted pair be used
for contacts 3 & 6.

No harm will be done if the wires of a particular pair should be reversed; all that will happen is that the
installation may fail to work.

When adding your own sockets to the installation the wiring must be daisy-chained i.e. it must start at
the line-box and visit each socket in turn. The last socket on the run must have a 100-ohm resistor
between contacts 4 & 5 and one between contacts 3 & 6. No other socket should have these resistors. It
is also necessary to change the position of two links in the line box when external wiring is connected.

The length of any external wiring is limited to 150 metres when multiple sockets are being added. If
only one single device is to be connected to external wiring then the length can be increased to a
maximum of 800 metres and a switch in the line-box must be changed.

The wiring lengths and the links/switches in the line-box, referred to above, are for BT supplied
ISDN2, other suppliers may place different limits on the wiring length, and will almost certainly have
different arrangements within the line-box. In particular it should be noted that in Germany the line-
box could be in the middle of the wiring run.

It should also be noted that BT specify a four pair cable and connect all eight contacts, which is totally
unnecessary as only four contacts (requiring exactly two pairs) are used.
The wiring also carries power, which is fed as a phantom on the two pairs of wires.

The power-feed is 40V DC with the positive on contacts 3 & 6 and the negative on contacts 4 & 5. This
is the normal power feed for a fully power compliant installation wherein the NT is connected to the
mains and can supply enough power for a number of power compliant telephones. On the failure of the
local mains power the NT can supply a limited amount of power, sufficient to give limited service to
one telephone. Under this circumstance the power feed on the S bus is reversed, which indicates to a
suitable telephone that it can continue to work, albeit with reduced facilities.

NOTE: the NT supplied by BT supplies only emergency power, thus the power feed is permanently
reversed.
Cable
Standard telephone cable is colour coded as pairs. The pairs are two wires twisted together in the cable.
You should always use it as pairs, and not mix up the wires from different pairs.

The colouring is normally done by having one wire in the pair white with coloured bands, and the other
in the pair coloured with white bands.