HAZARD IDENTIFICATION, RISK EVALUATION & RISK

CONTROL
OBJECTIVE
To identify types of Hazard in work area
To make Risk Assessments
To suggest Risk Controls to Organization
To implementing Risk Controls
To review Risk Controls
HIRERC -Planning & Implementation

OSH-MS (MS 1722:2003)

Policy
Organizing
Planning And Implementation
Measuring Performance
Action for Improvement

Key Elements
Why We Need OSH-MS
Our Organization to be No. 1
Increase Return of Investment
-employees, money, time..
Safe work place
How to Start
Organization should have vision
Commitment from management
-right people
-resource
-time
Should have internal audit
Management committee to review reports
External audit
Specific organization policy-hazard specific
Employees participation -meeting, training
Safety as basic training
Why conduct a risk evaluation
Human factorssave life, stop workplace injuries, illnesses and
increase staff morale.
Legal factorsmeet legislative requirements, OHS&W and
WorkCover.
Financial factorsdecrease the risk of prosecution and fines
incurred, lower WorkCoverlevies, reduce absenteeism, and
increase potential for gaining shareholders and increase
productivity.
Hazard Management Process
Identifythehazards
istoidentifythehazardsinyourbusinessandassessthelikelihoodofth
emcausingaseriousinjuryorillness.

Assess the risks

RiskAssessmentdetermineshowlikelyandhowserioustheeffectswill
beonpeopleintheworkplacebeingexposedtothehazard.
Control the risks
RiskControlinvolvesdecidingwhatneedstobedonetoeliminateorcon
troltheriskstohealthandsafety.
Monitor and review
Periodicreviewsofcontrolmeasuresandriskassessmentsshouldbec
onductedtoensurethecontrolmeasuresimplementedareappropriate
andeffectiveandtheriskassessmentsarestillvalid.

The Process of Hazard Management

Introduction to HIRERC
Principles used in workplace to manage safety and health.
Section 15 (2)(a) of OSHA 1994:
which reads the provision and maintenance of plants and
systems of workthat are,so far as is practicable, safe and
without risks to health

Overview Of HIRERC
Definition of Hazards
Classification of Hazards
Potential sources of Hazards
Basic components of Risk Management
Definition
Hazard
A source or a situation with a potential for harmto humans,
property and damage of environment or a combination of these.
Danger
Relative exposure to hazard.
Risk
A combination of likelihood of occurrence and severity of injury
or damage.
CLASSIFICATIONS AND POTENTIAL SOURCES OF HAZARDS

Mechanical Hazards
Mechanical hazards are created by the powered operation of
apparatus or tools.
Example of Hazards
Rotating Machinery -machinery with rotating parts can catch
loose clothing, hands, or hair, potentially causing serious injuries.
Tools -Careless use of tools or use of tools in poor condition can
cause injuries to the hands, eyes, head, and limbs.
Sharps and pointed edges tools -Careless use can quickly result
in deep cuts.

Electrical Hazards
An electrical hazard is a dangerous condition where a worker can
or does make electrical contact with energized equipment or a
conductor.

Example of Hazards
Damaged Receptacles
Insulation damaged or broken cover
Improper Grounding
Water Spill on Electrical Equipment
Lightning
Biological Hazards
Biological Hazards are organisms or products of organisms that
present a health hazard to humans.
Example of Hazards
Bacteria microscopic organism that lives in soil, water, organic
matter or the bodies of plants and animals and are characterized
by lack of distinct nucleus and the inability to photosynthesize.
Viruses are group of pathogens that consist mostly of nucleic
acids and that lack cellular structure. Viruses are dependent on
their host for replication.
Fungi any major group of lower plants that lack chlorophyll and
live on dead or other living organisms.
How do Biological Hazards Enter the Body?
Inhalation
Absorption
Ingestion
Injection

Chemical Hazards

A chemical hazard is a chemical whose properties jeopardize the

health of humans and other animals or whose properties harm the
environment.
Example of Hazards
Reactive Chemicals that react violently with water to produce
toxic gases or explosive mixtures are classified as reactive.
examples: sodium, potassium, and lithium
Corrosive Chemicals are corrosive if they cause the visible
destruction of or irreversible alterations in living tissue or metals.
Flammable Chemicals that catch fire and burn in air are
classified as flammable.
Toxic chemicals are harmful on contact with living tissue,
whether by direct contact, inhalation, injection or ingestion

Psychological Hazard
Those that are basically causing stress to a worker. This kinds of
hazard troubles an individual very much to an extent that his
general well-being is affected.
Example of Hazards
Work-related Stress factors include excessive working time and
overwork.
Bullying factors include verbal and emotional abuse.
Sexual harassment
Angry management it may come inside or outside the
organization.
Ergonomics Hazards
Ergonomic Hazard is a physical factor within the environment that
harms the musculoskeletal system. Ergonomic hazards include
themes such as repetitive movement, manual handling,
workplace/job/task design, uncomfortable workstation height and
poor body positioning.
Example of Hazards
Work stations (Sitting and standing)
Noise
Thermal Comfort
Lighting
Computer Systems

Equipment Layout Operation

Hazard Identification
To keep workplace safeand healthy.
-employers should make sure there are no hazards to which
employees could be exposed.
Employers should look for hazards in advance
as part of their risk management plan to prevent potential
hazards.
Actions & Recommendations
All related statements should be made
With no cost restrains
Should be reviewed every 4 months
Need management support

Risk assessment
Identify the hazards
When you work in a place every day it is easy to overlook some
hazards, so here are some tips to help you identify the ones that
matter:

Check manufacturers instructions

Look back at your accident and ill-health records
Take account of non-routine operations
Remember to think about long-term hazards to health

Who might be harmed?

For each hazard you need to be clear about who might be harmed
it will help you identify the best way of controlling the risk. That
doesnt mean listing everyone by name, but rather identifying
groups of people (eg people working in the storeroom or passersby). Remember:
Some workers may have particular requirements, eg new
and young workers, migrant workers, new or expectant

mothers, people with disabilities, temporary workers,

contractors, homeworkers and lone workers.
Think about people who might not be in the workplace all the
time, such as visitors, contractors and maintenance workers.
Take members of the public into account if they could be
harmed by your work activities.
If you share a workplace with another business, consider
how your work affects others and how their work affects you
and your workers. Talk to each other and make sure controls
are in place.
Ask your workers if there is anyone you may have missed.

Evaluate the risks

Having identified the hazards, you then have to decide how likely
it is that harm will occur, ie the level of risk and what to do about
it. Risk is a part of everyday life and you are not expected to
eliminate all risks.
Look at what youre already doing and the control measures you
already have in place. Ask yourself:
Can I get rid of the hazard altogether?
If not, how can I control the risks so that harm is unlikely?
Some practical steps you could take include:
trying a less risky option;
preventing access to the hazards;
organizing your work to reduce exposure to the hazard;
issuing protective equipment;
providing welfare facilities such as first aid and washing
facilities;
involving and consulting with workers.

Record your significant findings

Make a record of your significant findings the hazards, how
people might be harmed by them and what you have in place to
control
A risk assessment must be suitable and sufficient, ie it should
show that:
a proper check was made;
you asked who might be affected;

 you dealt with all the obvious significant hazards, taking into
account the number of people who could be involved;
the precautions are reasonable, and the remaining risk is
low;
you involved your employees or their representatives in the
process.

Regularly review your risk assessment

Few workplaces stay the same. Sooner or later, you will bring in
new equipment, substances and procedures that could lead to
new hazards. So it makes sense to review what you are doing on
an ongoing basis, look at your risk assessment again and ask
yourself:
Have there been any significant changes?
Are there improvements you still need to make?
Have your workers spotted a problem?
Have you learnt anything from accidents or near misses?