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MEDICATION TROLLEY (WAD 2)

Bil
1

Ubat
Tab.
Acarbose
100mg

Dos
Initially 50 mg
daily, increase to
3 times daily up
to 100 mg 3
times daily. Max
200 mg 3 times
daily

ADULT : 0.5 - 1 g
(max 2 g) with
plenty of water at
bedtime

Indikasi
Non insulin
dependent diabetes
mellitus (NIDDM)
when diet therapy is
insufficient
Non insulin
dependent diabetes
mellitus (NIDDM) in
combination with
existing
conventional oral
therapy where
glycaemic control is
inadequate
Preoperative
sedation

Chloral
Hydrate
Sodium
200g/ 5ml

Inj Dextrose
Anhydrous
50% w/v

According to the
needs of the
patient

For parenteral
replenishment of
fluid and minimal
carbohydrate
calories as required
by the clinical
condition of the
patient

Inj Diazepam
10mg/2ml

Status
epilepticus, by
slow IV: 5-10
every 10-15

Status epilepticus
Skeletal muscle
spasm
Anxiety disorders

Kontraindikasi
Patients less than 18
years, chronic intestinal
disorders associated
with distinct
disturbances of
digestion and
absorption,
Conditions which may
deteriorate as a result of
increased intestinal gas
formation, pregnancy,
lactation, severe renal
impairment
Hypersensitivity to
chloral hydrate products
Cardiac disease
Hepatic or renal
impairment
Pregnancy &breast
feeding
Porphyria
Gastritis
Patients with anuria,
diabetic coma,
hyperglycaemia,
intracranial or
intraspinal
haemorrhage, delirium
tremens in dehydrated
patients and glucosegalactose malabsorption
syndrome.
Do not administered
simultaneously with
blood through the same
infusion set because of
the possibility that
pseudoagglutination of
red cells may occur
Respiratory depression
Acute pulmonary
insufficiency
Severe hepatic

minute (rate not


more than 5
mg/min), to a
total dose of 30
mg, may repeat
in 2 hour if
needed. Infants
30 days to 5
years, 0.05-0.3
mg/kg/dose given
over 2-3 minutes,
every 15-30
minutes to a total
dose of 5 mg,
repeat in 2-4
hours if
necessary. CHILD
more than 5
years, 1 mg by
slow IV, every 2-5
minutes,
maximum 10 mg,
repeat in 2-4
hours if
necessary
Skeletal muscle
spasm, by slow
IV or IM, 5-10 mg
repeated if
necessary in 3-4
hours. CHILD
(tetanus): 30
days - 5 years, 12 mg IM or IV
slowly every 3-4
hours as needed.
5 years and
above, 5-10 mg
IM or IV slowly
every 3-4 hours if
needed
Anxiety
disorders, 2-10
mg by slow IV
(not more than 5
mg/min). Repeat
if necessary

impairment
Acute narrow angle
glaucoma
Myasthenia gravis
Hypersensitivity to
diazepam products
Patients less than 6
months old
Alcohol intoxication
Central nervous system
depression

Inj. Digoxin
0.5mg/ 2ml

Inj.
Dobutamine
250mg/2ml

Inj
Dopamine
40mg/ml

Inj Labetalol
25mg/5ml

every 3-4 hours


Rapid
digitilisation:
ADULT & CHILD
over 10 years,
initially 0.75 - 1.5
mg, followed by
250 mcg 6 hourly
until digitilisation
is complete
Initial 0.5-1
mcg/kg/min by
IV; maintenance
2.5-20
mcg/kg/min by
IV; titrate
according to
response;
maximum dose
40 mcg/kg/min
Initial dose 2-5
mcg/kg/min with
incremental
changes of 5-10
mcg/kg/min at
10-15 minutes
intervals until
adequate
response is
noted.
Most patients are
maintained at
less than 20
mcg/kg/min. If
dosage exceeds
50 mcg/kg/min,
assess renal
function
frequently
ADULT: Bolus
injection 50 mg
IV for at least 1
min.
Max: 200 mg. IV
infusion, dilute 2
amps to 200ml
with sodium

Heart failure with


atrial fibrillation
Supraventricular
arrhythmias
(particularly atrial
fibrillation)

Hypotension and
heart failure

Ventricular fibrillation,
ventricular tachycardia
except in certain cases,
digitalis toxicity, beriberi
heart disease,
hypersensitivity to
digoxin, some cases of
hypersensitive carotid
sinus syndrome
Hypersensitivity to
dobutamine
Idiopathic hypertrophic
subaortic stenosis

Non-hypovolemic
hypotension

Pheochromocytoma
Tachyarrhythmias or
ventricular fibrillation

Hypertension crisis

Hypersensitivity to
labetalol products
Bradycardia
Asthma/obstructive
airway disease
Cardiogenic shock
Heart block overt
cardiac failure

10

11

chloride and
dextrose injection
or 5% dextrose IV
infusion,
Hypertension of
pregnancy; 20mg
per hour doubled
every 30 min to
max 160 mg per
hour
Inj
Local
Lignocaine
anesthesia :
100mg/5ml
ADULT Maximum:
200 mg; CHILD
Maximum: 30
mg/kg Cardiac
arrhythmias :
ADULT 50-100
mg IV.
Max: 200-300
mg/hour;
CHILD Loading
dose: 0.8-1
mg/kg IV
repeated if
necessary up to
3-5 mg/kg
followed by a
continuous
infusion of 10-50
mcg/kg/min
Hyoscine N- ADULT : 20 - 40 mg.
Butylbromid
Max : 40 mg 6 7
e 20 mg / ml
hourly
injection
CHILD : 0.5 mg / kg /
dose

Lignocaine
HCL 2%
injection

ADULT Max : 200 mg


CHILD Max : 30
mg/kg
Cardiac
arrhythmias
ADULT : 50 100 mg

Local anesthesia by
infiltration IV
regional anesthesia
and nerve block.
Emergency
management of
ventricular
arrhythmias
particularly after
myocardial infarction
and cardiac surgery

Local inflammation
and/or sepsis,
septicaemia.
Hypovolaemia, heart
block and other
conduction disturbances
Bradycardia, cardiac
Decompensation or
hypotension.

Gastrointestinal
tract and genitorurinary tract spasm
Dyskinesia of the
biliary

Obstructive disease of
the gastrointestinal or
urinary tract
Narrow tract
Narrow-angle glaucoma
Cardiac tachyarrhytmias
Myasthenia gravis
Prostatic hypertrophy
with urinary retention
Paraben allergy
Local inflammation
and/or sepsis
Septicaemia
Hypovolaemia
Heart block and other
conduction disturbances

Local anesth
infiltration IV
regional anesthesia
and nerve block.
Emergency
management of

12

Mannitol
10%
injection

13

Metoclopro
mide HCL
10mg / 2ml
injection

14

Metronidazo
le 500mg /
100ml

injection

15

Prochlorpera
zine
mesylate
12.5 mg/ml
injection

IV. Max : 200 300


mg/ hour
CHILD : 0.8 1
mg/kg IV repeated
if necessary up to
3 5 mg/kg
followed by a
continuous infusion
of 10 50
mcg/kg/min
0.25 2 g/kg IV
of a 15% to 25%
solution over 30
60 minutes.
Safety and
efficacy not
established in
children under 12
years of age
1) ADULT over 20
years : 10mg tds
ADULT between 1220 years : 5mg tds
CHILD under 12
years :
0.12mg/kg/dose 612 hourly
2) Single dose 5-10
minutes before
examination
ADULT and CHILD
over 15 years : 1020mg
CHILD less than 15
years : 0.12
mg/kg/dose 6 -12
hourly
ADULT :500 mg IV
infusion 8 hourly
CHILD : 7.5 mg/kg
body weight every
8 hours
Deep IM injection,
12.5 mg repeated
if necessary after 6
hour and then
followed by an oral

ventricular
arrhythmias
particularly after
myocardial infarction
and cardiac surgery

Bradycardia
Cardiac decompensation
or hypotension

Cerebral oedema

Anuria
Pulmonary oedema /
congestion
Severe chronic heart
failure
Intracranial bleeding
Renal damage /
dysfunction ( after
initiation of mannitol
Concomitant theraphy
with drugs which are
likely to cause
extrapyramidal
reactions
Epileptics
Gastrointestinal
haemorrhage
Obstruction
Or perforation
Hypersensitivity to
metoclopromide
pheochromocytoma

1)Dyspepsia
Flatulence
Hiatus hernia
Peptic ulceration
Reflux oesophagitis
Gastritis duodenitis
Cholelithiasis
Nausea
Vomiting
2) promote bowel
transit during
diagnostic
procedures

Anaerobic infections

Hypersensitivity to
metronidazole

Severe nausea and


vomiting

CNS depression or coma


Bone marrow depression
Phaeochromocytoma
Hypersensitivity to
phenothiazines

Vertigo / labyrinthine
disorder

16

17

18

dose.
Not recommended in
children
Ranitidine
1) ADULT : slow IV
50mg/ 2ml
injection of 50mg
injection
diluted to 20ml and
given over at least
2 minutes. Maybe
repeated every 6-8
hours or IV infusion
at rate of 25
mg/hour for 2 hour,
maybe repeated at
6-8 hours intervals
or IM
CHILD : 1
mg/kg/dose 6-8
hourly.
2) Initial slow
IVinjection of 50
mg, then
continuous infusion
of 125-250
mcg/kg/hour
Sodium
According to the
bicarbonate
needs of the
8.4%
patient. In severe
(1mmol/ml)
shock due to
injection
cardiac arrest :
50ml by IV

Acetylsalicyl 300-900 mg every 4ic acid


6 hours as required
300mg
Max 4 g daily
soluble
Use in children not
tablet
recommended

Comatose states
Cardiovascular collapse
1) Benign gastric/
duodenal ulceration
Reflux oesophagitis
Zollinger Ellison
syndrome
2) Stress ulcer
prophylaxis in postoperative and high
risk patients

Hypersensitivity to
ranitidine

For acceleration of
excretion in drug
intoxication (where
excretion of the drug
into the urine is
accelerated by
elevated urine pH)
and for acidosis
Mild to moderate
pain

Alkalosis
Hypernatraemia
Hypocalcaemia
Hypochloraemia
Severe pulmonary
oedema
Unknown abdominal
pain
Gastric and duodenal
ulcers
Haemorrhagic diathesis
Hypersensitivity to
aspirin or other NSAIDs
Children under 12 years
old
Hypersensitivity (attack
of asthma, angioedema,
urticaria or rhitinis)
Pregnancy ( third
trimester)
Patient with haemophilia
or haemorrhagicdisorder
Gout

19

Hyoscine N- ADULT 10-20 mg 3-4


Butylbromid
times daily.
e 10 mg
Tablet (B)
CHILD 6-12 years:
Trade Name :
10 mg 3 times
Buscopan
daily

Gastrointestinal
tract and genitourinary tract spasm,
dyskinesia of the
biliary system

20

Ibuprofen
ADULT : 200 - 400
200 mg
mg 3 times daily
Tablet (B)
after food,
Trade Name :
maximum. 2.4 g
Brufen
daily
CHILD : 20-30 mg/kg
body weight daily
in divided doses
Mefenamic ADULT: 250 - 500 mg
Acid 250 mg
3 times daily after
Tablet (B)
meals.
Trade Name : CHILD over 6
Ponstan
months: 6.5 - 25
mg/kg daily 3 - 4
times daily for not
longer than 7 days
except in juvenile
arthritis
Metoclopra ADULT over 20
mide HCl 10
years: 10 mg 3
mg Tablet
times daily.
(B )
Trade Name : ADULT between 12 Maxolon
20 years: 5 mg 3

Pain and
inflammation in
rheumatic disease

21

22

times daily.
CHILD under 12
years: 0.12
mg/kg/dose 6 - 12
hourly ii) Single
dose 5 - 10
minutes before
examination;
ADULT and CHILD
over 15 years: 10 -

Severe renal or hepatic


impairment
lactation
Obstructive disease of
the gastrointestinal or
urinary tract, narrowangle glaucoma, cardiac
tachyarrhythmias,
myasthenia gravis,
prostatic hypertrophy
with urinary retention
Patients with history of
hypersensitivity to
aspirin/other NSAIDs,
active peptic ulcer,
hypersensitivity,
lactation, neonates

Mild to moderate
pain

Gastrointestinal
ulceration or
inflammatory bowel
disease, renal/hepatic
impairment

i) Dyspepsia,
flatulence, hiatus
hernia, peptic
ulceration, reflux
oesophagitis,
gastritis, duodenitis,
cholelithiasis,
nausea, vomiting

Concomitant therapy
with drugs which are
likely to cause
extrapyramidal
reactions, epileptics,
gastrointestinal
haemorrhage,
obstruction
(mechanical), or
perforation,
hypersensitivity to
metoclopramide,
pheochromocytoma

ii) Promote bowel


transit during
diagnostic
procedures

20 mg; CHILD less


than 15 years:
0.12 mg/kg/dose 6
- 12 hourly

23

Magnesium
Trisilicate
Tablet (C )

ADULT 1-2 tablet to


be chewed up to 6
times a day before
meals.

Heartburn,
dyspepsia

Hypersensitivity to
antacids,
hypophosphataemia

Oedema and
inflammation in
conjunction with
other physical or
chemotherapeutic
measures
i) Severe nausea
and vomiting

Blood clotting disease.

CHILD over 6 years


one tablet to be
taken 3-4 times a
day
24

Prolase
2 tablet 4 times
Tablet( B)
daily
Trade Name :
Papase

25

Prochlorpera Injection IM 12.5 mg


zine Maleate
stat and repeated
5mg Tablet
if necessary after 6
(B)
hours
Trade Name :
Stemetil
or
orally 20 mg stat
followed by 10 mg
after 2 hours.
Prevention: 5 - 10
mg 2 - 3 times a
day.
CHILD (over 10 kg
only) 250 mcg/kg 2
- 3 times a day
For labyrinthine
disorders 5 mg 3
times daily,
gradually
increased to 30 mg
daily in divided
doses, then
reduced after

ii)
Vertigo/labyrinthine
disorders

CNS depression or
coma, bone marrow
depression,
phaeochromocytoma,
hypersensitivity to
phenothiazines,
comatose states,
cardiovascular collapse
Interaction:
Tramadol, increased risk
of seizures. Procyclidine,
decreased
phenothiazine serum
concentrations,
decreased
phenothiazine
effectiveness, enhanced
anticholinergic effects
(ileus, hyperpyrexia,
sedation, dry mouth).
Levodopa, loss of
levodopa efficacy.
Ethanol, increased
central nervous system
depression and an

several weeks to 5
- 10mg daily. Not
recommended in
children

increased risk of
extrapyramidal
reactions

26

Paracetamol ADULT: 500 - 1000


500 mg
mg every 4 - 6
Tablet (C)
hours, maximum of
Trade Name :
4 g daily
Panadol

Mild to moderate
pain and pyrexia

Nephropathy

27

Triprolidine ADULT 2.5 mg every


HCl 2.5 mg
4 - 6 hours;
and
maximum dose 10
Pseudoephe
mg/day.
drine HCl 60
mg Tablet
CHILD 6 - 12 years :
(B )
1.25 mg every 4 Trade Name :
6 hours; maximum
Actifed
dose 5 mg/day,

Decongestion of the
upper respiratory
tract in common
cold, hay fever,
allergic and
vasomotor rhinitis
and aerotitis

Angle-closure glaucoma,
hypersensitivity to
triprolidine products,
neonates.

Reversible airways
obstruction, acute
severe asthma

Hypersensitivity to
theophylline or
derivatives,
hypersensitivity to
ethylenediamine

2 - 4 years : 0.625
mg every 4 - 6
hours; maximum
dose 2.5 mg/day,
4 - 6 years : 0.938
mg every 4 - 6
hours; maximum
dose 3.744
mg/day,
4 months - 2 years :
0.313 mg every 46 hours; maximum
dose 1.25 mg/day.

28

Not FDA approved in


children less than
6 years old
Aminophylli Deteriorating acute
ne 25 mg/ml
asthma not
Injection (B)
previously treated
with theophylline,
by slow IV injection
over 20 minutes
250 - 500 mg (5

mg/kg)
Acute severe asthma
by IV infusion : 500
mcg/kg/hour,
adjusted according
to plasmatheophylline
concentration.
CHILD : 6 month - 9
years : 1
mg/kg/hour, 10 16 years : 800
mcg/kg/hour
29

30

ADULT 5-10 ml by
IM.
CHILD 20-40 mg/kg
body weight as a
20% solution by
IM.
Hypomagnesaemia:
0.5-1 mmol/kg
body weight up to
160 mmol
magnesium over to
5 days.
Eclampsia: IV 4 g
over up to 20
minutes followed
by IV infusion at
rate of 1 g every
hour. Recurrent
seizures may
require an
additional IV bolus
of 2-4 g (4 g if
body weight over
70 kg)
Usual sedative range
Midazolam 5
2.5 - 7.5 mg (about
mg/ml
70 mcg/kg by IV
Injection
injection over 30
seconds).
Midazolam Premedication by IM
15mg/3ml
injection 70 - 100
Injection
mcg/kg 30 -60
Magnesium
Sulphate
50%
Injection

Treatment and
prophylaxis of
hypomagnesaemia.
Prevention and
treatment of lifethreatening seizures
in the treatment of
toxemias of
pregnancy (preeclampsia and
eclampsia

Heart block, myocardial


damage

Pre-operative
sedation, induction
of general
anaesthesia,
premedication and
sedation in ICU and
sedation for minor
procedures

Acute narrow angle


glaucoma,
hypersensitivity to
midazolam products,
acute alcohol
intoxication, shock,
lactation.

31

Morphine
Sulphate 10
mg/ml
Injection

32
Metformin
HCl 500 mg
Tablet

33

minutes before
surgery;
ELDERLY: 1 - 1.5
mg/kg. Induction:
Induction by slow
IV infusion 200 300 mcg/kg
(ELDERLY 100 200 mcg/kg. CHILD
over 7 years 150 200 mcg/kg);
Max: 0.35mg/kg.
Sedation in ICU 0.03
- 0.2 mg/kg/hour
ADULT: 10 - 20
mg/kg or more SC
or IM every 4 hours
in terminal pain.
CHILD: Up to 1
month: 0.15 mg/kg
body weight; 1 - 12
months: 0.2 mg/kg
body weight; 1 - 5
years: 2.5 - 5 mg ;
6 - 12 years: 5 - 10
mg
500 mg 3 times
daily or 850 mg
twice daily with
food, maximum: 3
g daily in 3 divided
doses

Prophylaxis fo DVT
Enoxaparin
especially in
Sodium 40
surgical patients:
mg Injectioni. moderate risk, 20
mg SC
A*
approximately 2
hours before
surgery then 20
Enoxaparin
mg every 24 hours
Sodium 60
for minimum 7 - 10
mg Injection
days,
ii. high risk (eg
orthopaedic
surgery, medical

For moderate to
severe pain
especially that
associated with
neoplastic disease

Acute bronchial asthma,


respiratory insufficiency,
severe CNS depression,
GI obstruction, biliary
colic (these conditions
are not contraindications in patients
who are terminally ill),
hypersensitivity to
morphine, MAOIs

Diabetes mellitus

Diabetic pre-coma,
ketoacidosis, renal
impairment, chronic
liver disease, cardiac
failure, hypoxaemia,
history of lactic acidosis,
acute alcohol
intoxication, hypoxia
Active major bleeding,
hypersensitivity to
enoxaparin, heparin,
thrombocytopenia due
to enoxaparin, acute GI
ulcer

i) Prevention of Deep
Vein
Thrombosis(DVT)
especially in
perioperative and
high risk surgical
cases ii) Treatment
of DVT iii) Unstable
angina and non Q
wave Myocardial
Infarction

34
Fondaparinu
x Sodium 2.5
mg/0.5 ml
Injection

patients, 40mg
every 24 hours for
at least 6 days
until patient
ambulant, max 14
days.
Treatment of DVT or
pulmonary
embolism, 1.5
mg/kg every 24
hours, usually for 5
days and until
adequate oral
anticoagulation
established.
Unstable angina and
non-ST-segmentelevation
myocardial
infarction 1 mg/kg
every 12 hours,
usually for 2 - 8
days
i)2.5 mg once daily
given by SC,
administered 6 hr
following surgical
closure provided
homeostasis has
been
established.Usual
duration of therapy
is 5 to 9 days; for
hip fracture
patients, an
extended course of
up to 24 days is
recommended.
ii) ADULT more than
18 years: 2.5 mg
once daily given by
SC, initiated as
soon as possible
after diagnosis and
continued for up to
8 days or until
hospital discharge.

i) Prevention of
venous
thromboembolic
events (VTE) in
orthopedic surgery
(e.g. hip fracture,
major knee or hip
replacement
surgery), abdominal
surgery in patients
at risk of
thromboembolic
complication. ii)
Treatment of
unstable angina or
non-ST segment
elevation myocardial
infarction
[UA/NSTEMI] in
patients for whom
urgent invasive
management (PCI) is
not indicated. iii)
Treatment of ST

Active major bleeding;


increased risk for major
bleeding episodes;risk of
uncontrollable
hemorrhage, bacterial
endocarditis, body
weight less than 50 kg
for prophylactic therapy
of hip fracture, hip
replacement or knee
replacement surgery, or
abdominal surgery;
increased risk for major
bleeding episode.
Fondaparinux-related
thrombocytoenia.
Hypersensitivity to
fondaparinux. Severe
renal impairment (CrCl
less than 30 ml/min)

If patient needs to
undergo PCI,
unfractionated
heparin to be
admin as per local
practice protocol,
taking into account
the patient's
bleeding risk and
time of last dose of
fondaparinux.
Fondaparinux may
be restarted no
earlier than 2 hr
after sheath
removal.
iii) ADULT more than
18 years: 2.5 mg
once daily; first
dose to be given IV
(directly through
an existing IV line
or as infusion in 25
or 50 ml of 0.9%
saline over 1-2
min), subsequent
doses to be given
SC. Treatment to
be initiated as
soon as diagnosis
is made and
continued up to a
max of 8 days or
until hospital
discharge,
whichever comes
earlier. If patient
needs to undergo
non-primary PCI,
unfractionated
heparin to be
admin as per local
practice protocol,
taking into account
the patient's
bleeding risk and
time of last dose of

segment elevation
myocardial infarction
(STEMI) in patients
managed with
thrombolytics or are
not receiving other
forms of reperfusion
therapy

35

36

37

38

fondaparinux.
Fondaparinux may
be restarted no
earlier than 3 hr
after sheath
removal
Glyceryl
Initial 5 mcg/min
Trinitrate 50
delivered via
mg/10 ml
infusion pump.
Injection
Subsequent
titration must be
adjusted to clinical
*Glyceryl
situation with dose
Trinitrate 25
increment
mg/5 ml
becoming more
Injection
cautious as partial
response is seen.

Noradrenalin Infuse and titrate to


e Acid
desired pressure
Tartrate
response. Range:
(Norepineph
0.05 - 0.5
rine
mcg/kg/m
Bitartrate) 4
mg/4 ml In
Nifedipine
Initial dose of 10 mg
(Adalat)
twice daily.
10mg Tab
Usual range 10 - 30
mg 3 times daily.
Maximum: 120 180 mg per day
Perindopril 4 mg as single dose,
(Coversyl)
may be increased
4mg Tab
to a single 8 mg
dose.
ELDERLY: Start
treatment with 2
mg dose. In renal
insufficiency, dose
should be adapted
according to
creatinine
clearance. Single
starting oral dose
of 2 mg should be
increased to a

*Prophylaxis and
treatment of angina,
left ventricular
failure. Not for direct
IV injection.

*For IV :Constrictive
pericarditis, pericardial
tamponade, restrictive
cardiomyopathy,
symptomatic
hypotension,
hypersensitivity to
organic nitrates

Septic shock and


shock where
peripheral vascular
resistance is low

Blood volume deficit

Hypertension

Hypersensitivity to
nifedipine. Symptomatic
hypotension.
Persistent dermatologic
reactions.
Chronic heart failure.
Angioedema induced by
other angiotensin
converting enzyme
(ACE) inhibitors.
Hypersensitivity to this
or any other angiotensin
converting enzyme
inhibitor. Pregnancy
(second and third
trimesters particularly).

Hypertension
Congestive heart
failure
Stable coronary
artery disease

single 4 mg once
BP acceptability
has been
demonstrated. 4
mg once daily for 2
weeks, may be
increased to 8 mg
once daily.
ELDERLY: 2 mg once
daily for 1 week,
then 4 mg once
daily for the
following week,
may be increased
up to 8 mg once
daily
ADULT: 2 - 3 tablets
daily.
Severe deficiency: 9
- 12 tablets daily or
according to the
needs of the
patient

39

Potassium
Chloride
(Slow K)
600mg Tab

40

Prazosin HCI Initially 0.5 mg 2 - 3


(Minipress)
times daily, the
1mg Tab
initial dose on
retiring to bed at
night; increased to
1 mg 2 - 3 times
daily after 3 - 7
days:
further increased if
necessary to
maximum 20 mg
daily
Prednisolon 5 - 25 mg daily in
e
divided doses
(Prednisone) 10 - 20 mg/m2 body
5mg Tab
surface daily in
divided doses
ADULT: 5 - 60 mg
daily.
CHILD: 0.5 - 2
mg/kg/day in
divided doses

41

For the treatment


and specific
prevention of
hypokalaemia

Hypertension

i) Replacement
therapy for primary
and secondary
adrenocortical
insufficiency
ii) Adrenogenital
syndrome
iii) Other therapy

Acute dehydration. Heat


cramps. Hyperkalaemia.
Renal failure and in
conditions in which
potassium retention is
present or where
additives of potassium
and chloride could be
clinically detrimental
Hypersensitivity to
prazosin products or
other quinazolines

Hypersensitivity and
systemic fungal
infection.

42

Ranitidine
(Zantac)
150mg Tab

43

Theophylline
SR (Nuelin
SR) 250mg
Long Acting
Tab

44

Heparinised
Saline
Injection

every 6 - 8 hours
or as a single daily
150 mg twice daily
(at morning and
night) or 300 mg
on night for 4-8
weeks.
Maintenance: 150300 mg on night
150 mg twice daily
or 300 mg on night
for 8-12 weeks
150 mg daily or
twice daily
iv) 150 mg and may
be increased as
necessary to 6
g/day
ADULT: 250 mg 2
times daily.
CHILD under 12
years : Up to 10
mg/kg body weight
2 times daily
By IV injection,
loading dose of
5000 units (10,000
units in severe
pulmonary
embolism)
followed by
continuous infusion
of 15-25
units/kg/hr.
By SC injection (for
DVT) of 15,000
units every 12
hours (laboratory
monitoring on daily
basis essential to
adjust dose).
Small adult or child,
lower loading dose
then, 15-25
units/kg/hr by IV
infusion, or 250
units/kg every 12

i) Benign gastric and


duodenal ulcer
ii) Reflux
oesophagitis iii) Nonulcer dyspepsia iv)
Zollinger-Ellison
Syndrome

Hypersensitivity to
ranitidine

Reversible airways
obstruction and
acute severe asthma

Hypersensitivity to
theophylline

i) Prophylaxis and
treatment of venous
thrombosis and
pulmonary
embolism. ii)
Treatment of
myocardial infarction
and arterial
embolism. iii)
Prevention of
clotting in arterial
and heart surgery
and for prevention of
cerebral thrombosis.

Hypersensitivity, in
patients who are
actively bleeding, or
have blood dyscrasias,
in patients with
haemophilia or other
blood disorders, and in
cases where sufficient
blood coagulation tests
are not available

hours by SC
injection.
As for unstable
angina and acute
peripheral arterial
occlusion.
Prophylaxis in
general surgery, by
SC injection, 5000
units 2 hour before
surgery, then
every 8-12 hours
for 7 days or until
patient is
ambulant, during
pregnancy (with
monitoring), 500010000 units every
12 hours. An
adjusted dose
regimen may be
used for major
orthopaedic
surgery or low
molecular weight
heparin may be
selected
According to the
needs of the
patient

45

Water for
Injection

46

Insulin
Dose to be
Recombinan
individualised.
t Synthetic The average daily
Human,
insulin requirement
intermediate
is between 0.5-1.0
-acting 100
units/kg body
IU/ml Penfill
weight.
and Refill B
(Insulatard)

As a diluent and
vehicle for the
administration of
medications
Insulin dependent
diabetes mellitus,
non insulin
dependent diabetes
unresponsive to
treatment to diet or
oral
hypoglycaemics,
hyperkalaemia to
assure proper
utilisation of glucose
and reduce
glucosuria in non
diabetic patients
receiving parenteral
nutrition

Not known

Hypoglyacemia.
Insulinoma.

47

Augmentin < 3 bln: 30mg/kg 12


1.2g Inj
hrly
(Amoxicillin
3 bln 12 thn:
1g &
30mg/kg 6-8 hrly
Clavulanate
Dewasa: 1.2g IV or
200mg Inj)
intermitten
(broadinfusion 6-8 hrly
spectrum
anti-infective)

48

Benzylpenici Peads: 50
llin 5 mega
100mg/kg daily in
units (3g) Inj
2-4 divided doses
(narrowIV
spectrum
Dewasa: 600
anti-infective
1200mg IM qid, @
7.2g daily in 6
divided doses by
slow IV infusion

49

Calcium
Gluconate
10% Inj
(Calcium)

50

Ceftriaxone Neonates < 2 mggu:


1g Inj
20-50mg/kg daily
(broad Peads 3 mggu 12
spectrum
thn: 20 80mg/kg
anti-infective)
daily
Dewasa & peads >
50kg bdy wgt: 1-2g
once daily.
(Jangkitan teruk:
4g daily at 12 hr

Peads: 50mg/kg
Dewasa: 1g (2.2
mmol), diikuti
continuous infusion
4g (8.8 mmol)/day
IV / intracardiac inj:
10 ml

Jangkitan
susceptible
organism pada
saluran respiratori,
kulit, tisu lembut,
GUT
Septicaemia,
peritonitis,
osteomyelitis, postoperative infection
Infective
endocarditis
Jangkitan oleh
susceptible
organism
(Neisseria gonorrhoe
a, Corynebacterium
diphtheriae, Bacillus
anthracis, Clostridia,
Actinomyces bovis,S
treptobacillus monili
formis, Listeria mon
ocytogenes,and Lept
ospira; Treponema p
allidum)
Acute
hypocalcaemia
Hypocalcaemic
tetany
Cardiac resuscitation
Magnesium
overdose
Black widow spider
bites
Hyperkalaemia
Osteoporosis
Post-menopausal
Jangkitan oleh
susceptible
organism (otitis
media, PID, UTI,
meningitis, Lower
Respiratory Tract
infection)
Surgical prophylaxis

Hypersensitivity
terhadap penicillin
Sejarah penicillinassociated cholestatic
jaundice
Sejarah disfungsi hepar

Sejarah anaphylaxis,
hypersensitivity
terhadap penicillin

Hypercalcaemia
Hypercalciurea
Kegagalan ginjal teruk
Pengambilan digitalis

Hypersensitivity
terhadap cephalosporin
Neonates yang
menjalani rawatan
cecair IV yang
mengandungi calcium

51

52

intervals)
Surgical prophylaxis:
1 g IV 0.5 2 hr
prior procedure
Cefuroxime Peads: 30 100
sodium
mg/kg/day in 3-4
750mg Inj
divided doses
(broad Dewasa: 750mg 6-8
spectrum
hr IM atau IV.
anti-infective)
(Jangkitan teruk:
1.5g bid/qid daily
IV)
Surgical prophylaxis:
1.5g IV
Cloxacillin
Peads < 20kg: 20
sodium
50mg/kg/day in
500mg Inj
equally divided
(narrowdoses q 6 hr
spectrum
Dewasa: 250 anti-infective)
500mg q 6 hr

53

Dextrose
50% Inj
(carbohydrate
)

Bergantung kepada
keperluan pesakit

54

Diclofenac
sodium
75mg/3ml Inj
(NSAID)

75mg once daily,


tidak melebihi 2 hari

Jangkitan oleh
susceptible
organism (Lyme
disease, gonorrhea,
meningitis, UTI,
septicaemia)
Surgical prophylaxis

Hypersensitivity
terhadap cephalosporin

Jangkitan oleh
susceptible bacteria,
terutama
penicillinaseproducing
staphylococci
Pneumonia
Osteomyelitis
UTI
Memulihkan
keperluan cecair dan
kalori badan pesakit
yang:
o Tidak sedar
o Tidak
mampu/boleh
mengambil
cecair/pepejal
melalui oral

Hypersensitivity
terhadap penicillin /
produk cloxacillin

Sakit dan inflamasi


dalam penyakit
rheumatic

Anuria
Diabetic coma
Hyperglycaemia
Intracranial/intraspinal
haemorrhage
Dehydrated patients
dengan delirium
tremens
Glucose-galactose
malabsorption syndrome
Simultaneously with
blood via same infusion
set (may cause
pseudoagglutination of
red blood cells)
Hypersensitivity
terhadap diclofenac
dan//atau bahan
ramuannya
Pengambilan
aspirin/NSAIDs lain
Asthma
Rhinitis
Porphyria
Pregnancy (trimester ke-

55

Frusemide
Peads: 0.5
20mg/2ml inj
1.5mg/kg (max:
(Diuretic)
20mg daily)
Dewasa: (Initial) 20
40mg IM / slow IV
(kadar tak melebihi
4mg/min)

Pulmonary oedema

56

Hydrocortiso Initial: 100 500mg


ne sodium
IV dalam tempoh
succinate
30 saat lebih 10
100mg Inj
minit
(corticosteroid Ulangan: Selang 2,
hormone/
4, atau 6 jam
glucocorticoid
)

Merawat keradangan
(inflamasi) seperti
dalam kes:
o Allergic reaction
o Arthritis
o Penyakit
autoimmune
(penyakit darah,
kanser)
o Asthma /
masalah
respiratori
Penggantian steroid
dalam kes adrenal
insufficiency

57

Insulin
Dose to be
Recombinan
individualised. The
t Neutral
average daily
Human
insulin requirement
short-acting
is between 0.5-1.0
100 IU/ml
units/kg body
Injection in
10ml vial B
weight
Trade Name :
Actrapid/Hum
ulin

58

Ipratropium ADULT : 500 mcg up


Bromide
to 4 times daily.
0.0125%
CHILD 5 - 12 years :
Inhalation
125 - 250 mcg up
Solution
to 4 times daily, 12
(125
years : 250 - 500
mcg/ml) B
mcg up to 4 times
Ipratropium

Insulin dependent
diabetes mellitus,
non insulin
dependent diabetes
unresponsive to
treatment to diet or
oral
hypoglycaemics.
hyperkalaemia to
assure proper
utilisation of glucose
and reduce
glucosuria in non
diabetic patients
receiving parenteral
nutrition
Only for treatment
of : i) Patients with
ischaemic heart
disease who develop
extrasystole with
salbutamol or
terbutaline ii)

3)
Hypersensitivity
terhadap furosemide
Anuria
Hepatic coma & precoma
Hypokalaemia /
hyponatraemia teruk
hypovolaemia
Hypersensitivity
Jangkitan fungus
sistemik

Hypoglyacemia,
insulinoma

Hypersensitivity to
ipratropium products,
atropine, soya lecithin or
related food products

Bromide
0.025%
Inhalation
Solution
(250
mcg/ml) B
Trade Name :
Atrovent

daily

Patients with chronic


bronchitis who have
airway obstruction
and who do not
respond to
salbutamol or
terbutaline.
Reversible airways
obstruction,
particularly in
chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease
Asthma and other
conditions
associated with
reversible airways
obstruction

59

Salbutamol 2 ml may be inhaled


0.5 %
up to 4 times daily
Inhalation
over a period of 3
Solution B
minutes per
Trade Name :
inhalation (0.5 ml
Ventolin
diluted in 2.5 ml of
normal saline by
inhalation over 5
to 15 minutes)

60

Diphenhydra ADULT : 5 - 10 ml 2 mine HCl 14


3 times daily.
mg/5 ml and CHILD : 2.5 - 5 ml 2 Ammonium
3 times daily
Chloride 135
mg/5 ml
Expectorant
C
Trade Name :
Benadryl

Cough

Hypersensitivity to
diphenhydramine or
other antihistamines of
similar chemical
structure, lactation,
newborns or infants.

61

Potassium
ADULT: 10 ml 3
Citrate 3
times daily well
g/10 ml and
diluted with water.
Citric Acid
CHILD up to 1 year:
Mixture
2.5 ml 3 times
daily; 1 - 5 years: 5
ml 3 times daily; 6
- 12 years: 10 ml 3
times daily. To be
taken well diluted
with water

For systemic or urine


alkalinisation

Severe renal impairment


with oliguria, azotemia
or anuria, Addison's
disease, adynamic
episodica hereditaria,
acute dehydration, heat
cramps, severe
myocardial damage,
potassium citrate in
patients with
hyperkalemia, sodium
citrate for patients on
sodium restriction

62

Magnesium
Trisilicate

Heartburn,
dyspepsia

Acute surgical abdomen,


hypersensitivity to

10-20 ml 3-4 times

Hypersensitivity to any
of their component

Mixture

63

64

65

daily before meals

antacids,
hypophosphataemia

Oral
ADULT: 200 - 400 ml
Rehydration
( 1 - 2 sachets ) for
Salt
every loose
motion.
CHILD: 200 ml (1
sachet) for every
loose motion. In
severe dehydration
100 ml/kg for 3 - 4
hours.
INFANT: 1 - 1.5 times
their usual feed
volume (50 ml per
stool for small
infant)
Potassium
By slow IV infusion
Chloride 1
depending on the
g/10 ml
deficit or the daily
Injection
maintenance
requirements. 1 g
diluted in 500 ml
normal saline or
glucose and given
slowly over 2 - 3
hours

Replacement of fluid
and electrolytes loss
in diarrhoea

Patients with renal


failure or hyperkalaemia

For the correction of


severe
hypokalaemia and
when sufficient
potassium cannot be
taken by mouth

Acute dehydration, heat


cramps, hyperkalaemia,
renal failure and in
conditions in which
potassium retention is
present or where
additives of potassium
and chloride could be
clinically detrimental

Lactulose
ADULT 15 ml twice
3.35 g/5 ml
daily adjusted to
Liquid B
patient's need.
Trade Name :
CHILD 0.5
Duphalac
ml/kg/dose once or
twice daily
30-50 ml 3-4 times
daily, dose
adjusted to
produce 2-3 soft
stools daily.
CHILD 1 ml/kg/dose
3-4 times daily

i) Constipation
ii) Hepatic
encephalopathy

Galactosaemia,
intestinal obstruction

EMERGENCY TROLLEY (WAD 2)


Bi
l
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
0
1
1
1
2
1
3
1
4
1
5
1
6
1
7
1
8
1
9
2
0
2
1
2
2
2
3
2

Ubat
Adrenaline 1mg/ml Inj.
Aminophylline 250mg/
10ml Inj.
Atropine Sulphate 1mg/ml
Inj.
Calcium Gluconate 1g/10
ml Inj.
Chlorpheniramine 10mg/ml
Inj.
Dexamethasone8mg/2ml
Inj.
Dextrose 50% w/v Inj
Digoxin 0.5 mg/2ml I
Dobutamine 250mg/20ml
Inj.
Dopamine 40mg/ml Inj.
Flumazenil 0.5mg/5ml Inj.
Frusemide 20mg/2ml Inj.
Glyceryl Trinitrate 0.5mg
Tab.
Glyceryl Trinitrate 50mg/
10ml Inj.
Hydrocortisone 100mg Inj.
Labetalol 25mg/5ml Inj.
Lignocaine HCl 100mg/5ml
Inj.
Naloxone HCl 0.4mg/ml
(Adult) Inj.
Noradrenaline 4mg/4ml Inj.
Phenytoin Sodium
250mg/5ml Inj.
Promethazine 50mg/2ml
Inj.
Sodium Bicarbonate 8.4%
Inj.
Terbutaline Sulphate
2.5mg/ml Inj.
Verapamil 5mg/2ml Inj.

4
2
5

Water for Injection 10ml

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