BASIC MATH

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Sr. No.

Name of Topic

Page No.

BASIC ARITHMETIC

Beginning Terminology

Numbers

Digits

Figure 1-1 Number Sequence

Kinds of Numbers

Whole Numbers

Fractions

Figure 1-2 Description of Common Fractional Forms

Decimal Numbers

Figure 1-3 Position of Period and Decimal Digits

WHOLE NUMBERS

2
3

Addition

Figure 1-4 Adding with Pictures

Figure 1-5 Table of Digits

Addition Practice Exercises

Subtraction

10

Subtraction Practice Exercises

Checking Addition and Subtraction

13
14

Checking Addition and Subtraction Practice Exercises

15

Multiplication

16

Figure 1-6 Multiplication Table

16

Simple Multiplication

17

Complex Multiplication

18

Multiplication Practice Exercises

22

Division

24

Figure 1-7 15 divided by 5 = 3

24

Figure 1-8 15 divided by 3 = 5

25

Division Practice Exercises

30

FRACTIONS
1

Changing Whole Numbers Into Fractions

32

Changing Whole Numbers Into Fractions Exercises

33

Proper and Improper Fractions

34

Mixed Numbers

34

Changing Mixed Numbers to Fractions

34

Changing Mixed Numbers to Fractions Exercises

35

Changing Improper Frac. to Whole/Mixed Numbers

36

Changing Imp. Frac. to Whole/Mixed Numbers

36

Reducing Fractions

37

Reducing to Lower Terms

37

Reducing to Lowest Terms

38

Reducing to Lowest Terms Exercises

39

Common Denominator

40

10

Least Common Denominator

40

Least Common Denominator Exercises

41

Reducing to LCD

42

Reducing to LCD Exercises

42

12

Addition of Fractions

43

13

Addition of Mixed Numbers

44

14

Adding Fractions and Mixed Numbers Exercises

46

Subtraction of Fractions

45

Subtraction of Mixed Numbers

48

Subtracting Fractions and Mixed Numbers Exercises

50

16

Multiplying Fractions

51

17

Multiplication of Fractions and Whole/Mixed Numbers

51

18

Cancellation

52

Multiplying Fractions, Whole and Mixed Numbers

53

19

Division of Fractions

54

20

Division of Fractions and Whole/Mixed Numbers

55

Dividing Fractions, Whole/Mixed Numbers Exercises

56

11

15

DECIMAL NUMBERS
1

Decimal System

57

Reading and Writing Decimals

58

Addition of Decimals

59

Subtraction of Decimals

61

Multiplication of Decimals

62

Division of Decimals

62

Decimal Numbers Practice Exercises

65

CHANGING FRACTIONS TO DECIMALS

Figure 1-9 Fraction to Decimal Conversion Chart

70

Decimal Conversion Practice Exercises

71

PERCENTAGES
1

Percents

72

Figure 1-10 Percent

73

Percents Practice Exercises

75

Percentage

77

Percentage Practice Exercises

80

APPLYING MATH TO THE REAL WORLD

81

METRIC SYSTEM
1

Metrication

83

Effect Of Change to Industry

83

Basic Principles of the Metric System

83

Metric Abbreviations

86

Figure 1-11 Dimensioned Drawing

87

Figure 1-12 Dim Drawing with Note for Standard Unit

87

The Metric Scale

88

Figure 1-13 Metric Scales

88

Figure 1-14 Application of Metric Scale

89

Figure 1-15 Application of Metric Scale

89

Metric Measurement Practice Exercises

90

Comparisons and Conversions

91

Comparisons and Conversions Practice Exercises

98

Conversion Factors

99

Fraction to Decimal Equivalents

99

Conversion Table for Length

99

Conversion Table for Area

100

Conversion of Volume

101

Conversion Table for Pressure

102

Conversion Table for Weight

102

Conversion Table for Temperature

103

Metric System Practice Exercises

104

THE CALCULATOR
Figure 1-16 Calculator

105

The Basic Keys

106

Calculator Functions

107

Addition

108

Subtraction

110

Multiplication

111

Division

112

Percentages

113

I. BASIC MATH
A. BASIC ARITHMETIC
Learner Objectives: Upon completion of this unit, the student will have a general
concept of numbers and digits, kinds of numbers, mathematical signs, and symbols.