GUIDED BY:

Prof.N.M.Kazi

PRESENTED BY:
Vaibhavkumar Hari Savkare.
Roll No - 14
Sem III

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

(DIGITAL ELECTRONICS )
SSBTS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY BAMBHORI JALGAON
ACADEMIE YEAR 2015-16

 Abstract of Seminar I /II /II or Project Stage I /II

(what information you want to deliver in the form of seminar and how it is said in papers)

Objectives (Problem definition) of Seminar

Introduction (What is Seminar Topic in one or two slides)
Literature Survey (It is based on at least minimum 20 paper collected by you)

List of Different Techniques to solve problem definition (at least 10 method should be listed)
Explain at least TWO methods
Compare all methods (Provide a chart of comparison)

Results of different methods (Listed above)

Conclusion (based on different methods as covered in in seminar)

References

ABSTRACT

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a dynamic network

without fixed infrastructure due to their wireless nature and
can be deployed as multi-hop packet networks.
It is a wireless network and has dynamic topology due to its
node mobility.
The infrastructure less and the dynamic nature of these
networks demands new set of networking strategies to be
implemented in order to provide efficient end-to-end
communication.

OBJECTIVES

Introduction to Mobile Ad hoc networks (MANETs)

Routing in MANETs
On-Demand, source initiated
AODV

Ad Hoc On-demand Distance Vector Routing

DSR

Dynamic Source Routing

What is Ad Hoc Network?

In Latin, ad hoc means "for this," further meaning "for this purpose
only.
All nodes are mobile and can be connected dynamically in an
arbitrary manner.
No default router available.
Potentially every node becomes a router: must be able to forward
traffic on behalf of others.

Two types of wireless networks

Infrastructured network:
A network with fixed and wired gateways. When a
mobile unit goes out of range of one base station, it connects
with new base station.

Infrastructure less (ad hoc) networks:

All nodes of these networks behave as routers and take
part in discovery and maintenance of routes to other nodes.

Reactive: Ad-Hoc On-demand Distance Vector Routing (AODV)

By Perkins and Royer

Sender tries to find destination:
broadcasts a Route Request Packet (RREQ).

Nodes maintain route cache and use destination sequence number for
each route entry

State is installed at nodes per destination

Does nothing when connection between end points is still valid
When route fails
Local recovery
Sender repeats a Route Discovery

Route Discovery in AODV

2
7
5

Source 1

Propagation of Route Request (RREQ) packet

Destination

In case of broken links

Node monitors the link status of next hop in active routes

Route Error packets (RERR) is used to notify other nodes if link is

broken

Nodes remove corresponding route entry after hearing RERR

Dynamic Source Routing (DSR)

Two mechanisms: Route Maintenance and Route Discovery
Route Discovery mechanism is similar to the one in AODV but with
source routing instead
Nodes maintain route caches
Entries in route caches are updated as nodes learn new routes.
Packet send carries complete, ordered list of nodes through which
packet will pass

Sender checks its route cache, if route exists, sender constructs a

source route in the packets header
If route expires or does not exist, sender initiates the Route
Discovery Mechanism

Route Discovery DSR

2

<1,2>

<1>

<1,3>

<1>

Source 1

<1,3,5,7>

<1,3,5>

<1>

<1,4,6>
6

<1,4>

Building Record Route during Route Discovery

Destination

Comparisons
FSR

AODV

DSR

ZPR

Source
Routing

No

No

Yes

No

Periodic
message

Yes

No

No

Yes
(Locally)

Functioning
Proactively

Yes

No

No

Yes
(Locally)

Functioning
Reactively

No

Yes

Yes

Yes
(Globally)

Conclusion
On-demand routing protocols (AODV and DSR) are gaining
momentum.
More analysis and features are needed (Performance comparison
between protocols, QoS extension and analysis, multicast, security
issues etc)
Good paper (though old):
A review of current routing protocols for ad-hoc mobile wireless
networks, E. Royer, C.K. Toh

[1] M. T. Alam, M. J. Siddiq, G. H. Bernstein, M. T. Niemier, W. Porod, and X. S. Hu,

On-chip clocking for nanomagnet logic devices, IEEE Trans. Nanotechnol., vol.
9, no. 3, pp. 348351, May 2009.
[2]
[3]
MINMUM 20