First

Nations LNG Summit Facilitators Report

November 2013

First Nations LNG Summit

Prince George, British Columbia
October 9-10, 2013

F a c i l i t a t o r s R e p o r t

First Nations LNG Summit Facilitators Report

Facilitators Report
Prepared by Co-Chair:
Miles Richardson, President
Miles Richardson and Associates
miles@milesrichardson.ca

Submitted to Host Organization:
Carrier Sekani Tribal Council

ii

November 2013

First Nations LNG Summit Facilitators Report

November 2013

Table of Contents
1 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Organization of Report ................................................................................................ 2
2 Day 1: October 9, 2013 ........................................................................................... 3
2.1 Presentations Summaries ............................................................................................ 3
2.1.1 Welcoming and Opening Remarks .............................................................................. 3
2.1.2 International Perspective ............................................................................................ 5
2.1.3 Government ................................................................................................................ 6
2.1.4 BC First Nations Leadership Council ........................................................................... 7
2.1.5 Upstream Natural Gas Extraction Panel ................................................................... 8
2.1.6 LNG Industry ............................................................................................................... 9
2.1.7 Cumulative Impacts Panel ......................................................................................... 10
2.1.8 Summary of Day 1 Presentations and Facilitators Reflections ................................ 12
3 Day 2: Oct 10, 2013 .............................................................................................. 13
3.1 Presentation Summaries ........................................................................................... 13
3.1.1 Pacific Trails Pipeline Partnership Panel ................................................................... 13
3.1.2 Lessons Learned Panel .............................................................................................. 14
3.1.3 Summary of Day 2 Presentations .............................................................................. 16
3.2 First Nation Breakout Sessions .................................................................................. 17
4 Concluding Reflections: Facilitators Recommendations ....................................... 18
Appendix A: List of First Nations and Organizations in Attendance ............................. 21
Appendix B: First Nations Natural Gas DeclarationAttached
Appendix C: First Nations Energy and Mining Council Workshop Agenda.Attached
Appendix D: BC First Nations LNG Summit Discussion Paper..Attached

First Nations LNG Summit Facilitators Report

November 2013

1 Introduction

On October 9th and 10th, 2013, First Nations from across northern British Columbia (BC)
convened at the BC First Nations LNG Summit in Prince George to discuss considerations,
options and approaches for coming together in response to and in advance of proposed natural
gas development across northern BC. Also present at this Summit were federal and provincial
government Ministers, international interests in securing sources of liquefied natural gas (LNG),
industry representatives, legal commentators, and First Nations non-governmental
organizations.

This Summit was organized by a number of First Nations and First Nations organizations who are
driven by the belief that if First Nations come together to develop their response to the
proposed increase in natural gas development in northern BC the outcome will be dramatically
better for their communities than if they respond to these development proposals one-by-one.
Coming together can help First Nations get better information about the full scope of the
potential and likely impacts, whether positive or negative, from these proposed projects,
strengthen their ability to protect their title, rights, and interests, and negotiate the best deal, if
these developments are found to be consistent with northern BC First Nations priorities, values,
and responsibilities for their lands, waters, and communities.

This Summit builds on the momentum established by an earlier conference on these proposed
natural gas developments, held in Prince Rupert, BC, in June of this year, which convened the
initial collective discussion about coming together as northern BC First Nations to deal with the
proposed increase in natural gas projects in this region. The organizers were concerned that if
First Nations continued on as they had been going, negotiating with each developer
independently of each other, some would be left out altogether from any deals that would be
negotiated with developers, the aggregate value and standards of protection negotiated
between developers and all First Nations in BC would be lower than if First Nations pooled their
power, and critical knowledge of potential environmental effects would be lost. This Summit in
Prince George moves forward this discussion amongst First Nations, to facilitate the process of
coming together to protect northern BC First Nations title, rights and interests and maximize
their power and negotiating position relative to industry and the federal and provincial
governments. This Summit also discussed plans for holding a subsequent gathering of northern
BC First Nations to keep the momentum going and facilitate collaboration amongst Nations. A
First Nations Natural Gas Strategy Website has been created, which outlines the
communications plan amongst northern BC First Nations involved in this collaboration:
www.fnlngstrategy.ca.

First Nations LNG Summit Facilitators Report

November 2013

1.1 Organization of Report

The sections below in the main body of the report cover the presentation topics, speakers, and
discussions over the two days of the Summit, followed by a number of appendices that provide
context on the Summit.

The first day of the Summit, October 9, 2013, consisted largely of panel presentations. The day
commenced with Lheidli Tenneh First Nation Chief Dominic Frederic and Carrier Sekani Tribal
Council Tribal Chief Terry Teegee welcoming the delegates and convening the Summit with
opening remarks. Co-facilitators Miles Richardson and Leonard Thomas provided further
context on the background of and reasons for holding the Summit and discussed the plans for
the Summit with the delegates. These opening remarks were followed by presentations on
international perspectives on BC First Nations and LNG by His Excellency Norihiro Okuda, the
Ambassador for Japan, and by Grand Chief Ed John of the First Nations Summit as well as a
Hereditary Chief from the Tl'azt'en Nation and a North American Representative to the United
Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues. This presentation topic was followed by a set
of presentations by government representatives, including the Honourable Joe Oliver, the
federal Minister of Natural Resources and the Honourable John Rustad, the BC Minister of
Aboriginal Relations and Reconciliation. Next, the BC First Nations Leadership Council, including
Grand Chief Ed John and Regional Chief Jody Wilson-Raybould, BC Assembly of First Nations. In
the following panel, Fort Nelson First Nation Chief Sharleen Gale and Lana Lowe, Director Fort
Nelson First Nation Lands Department, presented reflections on the upstream First Nations
experience with respect to the extraction of natural gas. Summit delegates then heard from a
panel from the LNG industry, including Robert Kendel, the Vice-President of Aboriginal and
Stakeholder Relations for TransCanada; Robert Whitwham, Vice President of Canadian LNG for
Spectra Energy; David Molinski, Policy & External Affairs Lead of Kitimat LNG for Chevron; and
Steve Swaffield, Acting President of BG Group Canada. This panel was followed by a panel on
cumulative impacts, and included West Moberly First Nation Chief Roland Willson; Rodney J.
Northey, Partner and Member of Environmental Law Group at Gowlings; and Nathan Cullen,
Member of Parliament for Skeena-Bulkley Valley, as speakers.

The second day of the Summit, October 10, 2013, featured a few more panel discussions,
followed by First Nations breakout sessions, to facilitate decisions by First Nations on key
strategic issues. The panel discussions focused on the Pacific Trails Pipeline First Nations Limited
Partnership and lessons learned on managing and preparing for development. The first panel
included Bob Rae, PC, OC, OOnt, QC, Chair of the Pacific Trail Pipeline First Nations Limited
Partnership Group, former Premier of Ontario and former Member of Parliament for Toronto
Centre; Harold Calla, Executive Chair of the First Nations Financial Management Board; and
David Luggi, executive member of the Pacific Trail Pipeline First Nations Limited Partnership
Group. The lessons learned panel included Dehcho First Nations Grand Chief Herb Norwegian;
Wetsuweten First Nation Chief Karen Ogen; Robert Dennis of the Wetsuweten First Nation;
Robert Botteran of the Wetsuweten First Nation. The First Nations breakout sessions

First Nations LNG Summit Facilitators Report

November 2013

identified key action items with respect to economic, environmental, and socio-cultural impacts
to be taken over the next three-month, six-month, and longer-term periods.

A series of appendices, including a list of First Nations and organizations that participated in the
Summit, the draft of the First Nations Natural Gas Declaration, the First Nations Energy and
Mining Council LNG Workshop Agenda, and discussion paper for the Summit, follow the main
body of the report. The latter three documents follow as separate attachments.

2 Day 1: October 9, 2013

2.1 Presentations Summaries
2.1.1 Welcoming and Opening Remarks

Chief Dominic Frederic, Lheidli Tenneh First Nation
Chief Fredric commenced his address to the Summit delegation by reminding them that each
community has their own way of doing things and that we dont need to recreate the wheel.
The First Nations along the energy corridor have protocols to follow, which guide them and tell
them they are connected to the land and are stewards of the land. He also noted that, in
addition to being stewards of the land, First Nations people are also have an important role to
play in the larger economy, as miners, loggers, pipe fitters, etc. He explained that negotiations
are so important to First Nations because they are a key opportunity to ensure that First Nation
communities can be sustainable and so that future generations have something to look forward
to.

Tribal Chief Terry Teegee, Carrier Sekani Tribal Council
Tribal Chief Terry Teegee began his address to the Summit delegation by acknowledging that
this year is the 250th anniversary of the Royal Proclamation, and reflecting that, in some ways,
this anniversary represents 250 years of baggage for First Nations people and all Canadians. He
stated that First Nations are trying to rectify this history through negotiations and, when
necessary, litigation. However, he noted that these processes meant to redress some of this
history have often divided Nations and neighbours. This LNG Summit represents an opportunity
to come together as one group to openly discuss, very candidly, how natural gas projects may
affect First Nations people for many generations into the future. He urged First Nations along
the energy corridor to form a collective voice and use their united strength to make the right
evaluations and decisions with respect to proposed natural gas projects in the region. Many First
Nations leaders have noted that, although colonization will change a people, First Nations also
can also take what they find useful from colonizing cultures and make the best decisions best for
their communities. Tribal Chief Teegee reiterated that the goal of this Summit is to come
together as a collective and, not just think, but act like the resources under discussion are ours

First Nations LNG Summit Facilitators Report

November 2013

to take responsibility for. He stated that the ultimate goal is to have First Nations sign on to a
Declaration that commits all to work together with an open mind and learn from each other all
along the energy corridor. It is better to talk about the costs and benefits of natural gas
development now rather than when it may be too late, in the future. He ended his address by
stressing that First Nations need to build relationships based on mutual trust in order to pool
their power and put themselves in a strong negotiating position with those proposing to develop
the gas resources on their territories. He reminded the delegation that government and
industry need this development more than First Nations do.

Miles Richardson, Co-Chair
Mr. Richardson thanked the Nadleh Whuten Louie Singers and Traditional Dancers for
reminding the Summit delegation that All that First Nations people are depends on our
relationship to our place, our territories. That is what our cultures express in our songs and our
dances. Mr. Richardsons opening remarks focused on the importance of leadership and
nationhood, and the fact that these natural gas development proposals are regarded as a
generational opportunity that do not come around everyday. While many will want to reap the
benefits of these opportunities, strong leadership will be critical to enabling these opportunities
to be realized. He stressed that everyone who has an interest along the energy corridor needs to
be involved, and that the function of the organizing committee has been to create an
environment where everyone felt comfortable and willing to work together with respect to
natural gas development. He noted that most First Nations people do not realize how much
power they have, but also stressed that the full magnitude of this power will never be realized
unless First Nations can unite. He encouraged the Summit delegation and organizing committee
to consider a principle agreed to at the Northwest Energy Opportunities Conference in Prince
Rupert in June of this year: that a united front must be developed by First Nations, and that
once First Nations come together, they can assess the potential concerns and benefits of these
proposed developments on their territories.

Leonard Thomas, Co-Chair
Mr. Thomas began by reflecting on the manner in which First Nations are covered in the media,
and the impact this coverage has on the general publics perception of First Nations. He noted
that First Nations are most often portrayed as fighting amongst themselves, while in reality First
Nations are looking for change. The grassroots people are standing up to demand a greater say
about the direction of development. The goal of this Summit is to provide a venue to bring First
Nations people to come together on how to deal with proposed natural gas development. He
stated that for the Summit to be effective, people would need to set aside their differences and
start to work together, to sit back side by side and set the space for a good relationship now
and into the future. He also cautioned that while government and industry may stress the
limited timeframe for decision-making, most of the natural gas projects under discussion are still
years away, so there is still time to set ourselves up for success.

First Nations LNG Summit Facilitators Report

November 2013

2.1.2 International Perspective

His Excellency Norihiro Okuda, Ambassador for Japan
His Excellency began his address by acknowledging that the Summit was taking place on the
traditional territory of the Lheidli Tenneh First Nation. He shared his efforts over the past two
months to learn more about the proposed natural gas developments and First Nations
territories. He has learned that to develop natural gas in Canada it is critical to develop mutual
trust and understanding with First Nations. His purpose in attending the Summit was to listen
and learn. In exchange, he hoped the Summit delegation would listen to Japans position on and
future plans for natural gas development. He explained that none of Japans nuclear reactors
have been in operation since the tsunami and Fukushima nuclear power plant disaster in 2011.
This has led Japan to procure natural gas as alternative energy source. At the same time that
Japans need for natural gas has increased by approximately 30%, natural gas prices have
increased by 50%. As a result, Japan is trying to decrease its dependency on existing LNG
suppliers and is looking to work with other suppliers, such as the United States (US) and Canada.
Ambassador Okuda explained why Japan viewed Canada as such an attractive potential source
of LNG. First, Canada has an abundant supply of natural gas. Canada ranks 5th in the world for
LNG supply. It is estimated that Canada could supply Japan for 140 years. Second, Canada is
geographically close to Japan, which reduces transportation costs. For example, shipping from
Canada to Japan takes ten days, while shipping from Mexico to Japan takes twenty days. Finally,
Canada has a stable political environment. All of these reasons combine to make Canada a very
attractive source of LNG for Japan. The Ambassador noted that Japan has a long history building
relationships with indigenous peoples in Japan, which puts Japan in a good position to
understand and respect the importance of good relationships with First Nations in Canada.
Many Japanese companies have a great interest in doing business in Canada, but their plan is to
first talk with First Nations to develop a mutual trust and understanding. Then and only then,
will they look at moving forward in doing business here. The Ambassador concluded by stating
that cooperation between Japan and Canada on LNG projects has the potential to have great
mutual benefit for the governments and business communities in each country, as well as First
Nations people.

Grand Chief Ed John, First Nations Summit
Grand Chief Ed John, a Hereditary Chief from the Tl'azt'en Nation, a long-standing
representative on the First Nations Summit Task Group (political executive), and a North
American Representative to the United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues,
thanked the Japanese Ambassador for speaking with the Summit delegation. He explained that,
in the fall, the Carrier Sekani people look at the beautiful land, as leaves change to reds and
yellows, and remember their ancestors. He explained that, in the fall, First Nations people know
that they are moving into a difficult time of year where they depend on one another for their
survival. He acknowledged that Japan lost many of its people as a result of the tsunami and the
Fukushima nuclear plant disaster. Grand Chief Ed John presented gifts to the Ambassador for
Japan, including a frog bowl, representing the clans that have the responsibility to hold the land
together, and hand-made moccasins that in themselves are a gift from the land and the hands of

First Nations LNG Summit Facilitators Report

November 2013

the Elder that made them. Finally, he asked that Japan walk in our footsteps to understand our
people and to work together with us.

2.1.3 Government
Honourable Joe Oliver, Federal Minister of Natural Resources1
Minister Oliver began his address to the Summit participants with the statement all the
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people across Canada stand at a pivotal moment in our economic
history. He asserted that LNG is a critical part of the economic transformation of the country
and quoted National Chief Shawn Atleo in saying that Economic development is one key to
unleashing the full potential of First Nations citizens and communities in a way that benefits the
country as a whole. The Minister acknowledged that trust is the single most important
ingredient of success in realizing these [natural resource] opportunities, along with mutual
respect and understanding of perspectives and interests. The Minister identified four central
messages gleaned from meetings with First Nations over the last year: 1) there is an over-
arching obligation to protect the land and the water for future generations; 2) there is the need
to respect Aboriginal and Treaty Rights and advance reconciliation through negotiation,
consultation and dialogue; 3) meaningful economic participation for First Nations in natural
resources development is critical and includes a level of participation that creates sustainable
incomes and improved economic circumstances over the long-term; and 4) the expectation that
the Government will fulfill its legal duty to consult in a meaningful, effective way. He outlined
three specific examples of policy change that he believed would benefit First Nations; 1) his
intention to entrench the principle of polluter pay in law, 2) the allocation of $13.5 million
over two years to support enhanced consultations with Aboriginal communities on major
projects and 3) the appointment of Douglas Eyford as the Special Federal Representative on
West Coast Energy Infrastructure. In conclusion, the Minister stated that he was focused on
jobs, growth and long-term, sustainable prosperity, whiles stressing that his responsibility to all
Canadians was to ensure this is accomplished in a safe manner.

Honourable John Rustad, BC Minister of Aboriginal Relations and Reconciliation
Minister Rustad began his address by highlighting the long-standing nature of BCs relationship
with Japan and noting that a number of other countries are also looking at natural gas
opportunities in BC. Because of the great amount of interest in BC natural gas from abroad, he
viewed LNG as a game changer for the province. The Minister reiterated that Canadas
natural gas sector is safe and responsible. He pointed out that Canada has supplied natural gas
across North America for more than 50 years, but those opportunities have decreased as other
players, particularly the US, have come on stream to supply the North American market,
suppressing the prices Canadian suppliers can get for natural gas in North America. At the same
time, however, demand has increased abroad, particularly in Asia. Minister Rustad stated that
the BC Jobs Plan has been designed to allow for the development of infrastructure required to

1

Quotes taken directly from Ministers Speech.

First Nations LNG Summit Facilitators Report

November 2013

make BC a competitive source for LNG. The BC LNG Strategic Plan was critical to making this
happen. He stated that the BC government is looking at five LNG plants to be developed by
2020, contributing to an aggregate GDP of $1 trillion and, at peak construction, 60,000 jobs. The
BC government views LNG as a key opportunity for prosperity in BC. To help realize that
opportunity, the BC government is proposing to create a Prosperity Fund, to help future
generations to invest in and capture their own opportunities. He noted that the BC government
is dialogue with First Nations to discuss shared decision-making, but emphasized that because
BC is in competition with many other countries to provide LNG to the Asian market, it regards
this development to be extremely time sensitive. In closing, the Minister stated First Nations
people have a great opportunity to benefit from the jobs training programs his government will
be providing, which will be essential to the success of this sector.

2.1.4 BC First Nations Leadership Council

Grand Chief Ed John, First Nations Summit
Grand Chief Ed John began his lunchtime address by acknowledging members of his community,
the Tl'azt'en Nation, and noting that his community has already been significantly impacted by
resource development such as forestry and mining. He asked the delegation to look closely at
the proposed natural gas project corridor map included in their packages and to situate their
own communities in relation to the proposed developments, if they had not done so already.
He introduced Doug Eyford, the Special Federal Representative on West Coast Energy
Infrastructure, to the crowd, and noted that his role is to engage First Nations communities in
BC and Alberta. Mr. Eyford reports directly to the Prime Minister and will issue a final report on
his findings related to First Nations interests in energy development by the end of November
this year. The Grand Chief concluded these remarks by encouraging government representatives
to consult with First Nations early on in the natural gas development process.

Regional Chief Jody Wilson-Raybould, BC Assembly of First Nations
Regional Chief Jody Wilson-Raybould of the BC Assembly of First Nations contextualized these
proposed natural gas developments in relation to what is happening across the country. She
stated that this is a critical moment for First Nations, who are facing a perfect storm. She
noted some of the factors contributing to this perfect storm:
First Nations are becoming more and more empowered and are in a period of nation
rebuilding;
International movements such as Idle No More are giving more indigenous people a
greater voice and raising awareness of indigenous peoples concerns amongst the
general public;
The Federal government is determined to get resource development underway;
There are calls for reform of the Federal Comprehensive Claims process; and
The Province of BC is trying to establish its own balance with the economy and the
environment.

First Nations LNG Summit Facilitators Report

November 2013

All First Nations people (and Canadians) need to understand the complexity of this time and
understand and embrace the hard work that needs to be done. She identified four pillars to
rebuilding Nations: 1) access to lands and resources, 2) strong governance, 3) education of our
people, and 4) healthy First Nations communities. She pointed out that First Nations have great
leverage to ensure their rights are properly addressed. Her central message to the First Nations
delegates was for them to focus efforts on having the federal government create the
substantive framework for true government-to-government reconciliation. Together, First
Nations and the federal government need to address issues of shared territory, moving beyond
the Indian Act and ensuring genuine co-management of lands, waters and resources. Finally,
she stressed that, when contemplating moving forward with responsible resource development,
First Nations people should never lose sight of the fact that Resource development is not an
end in itself, but a means of achieving healthy First Nations cultures.

2.1.5 Upstream Natural Gas Extraction Panel

Chief Sharleen Gale, Fort Nelson First Nation
Chief Gale began by stating that First Nations not only have a right to care for their lands, they
have a responsibility to do so, and this will continue long after the resources have been removed.
She stated that her ancestors agreed to share their lands. This was enshrined in the historic
Treaty 8, which is understood by signatory First Nations to provide the necessary space to walk
our own path. Chief Gale stated that the Fort Nelson First Nation is not against development
but wants to protect the ability of its people to live off the land while participating in economic
opportunities. Chief Gale reminded the delegation that the Fort Nelson First Nation is no
stranger to oil and gas development, and noted that over the years they have become stronger
in their understanding of these sectors. Their goal for this Summit is to help people understand
the impacts of natural gas development upstream, in their territory in particular. In 2008, the
Fort Nelson First Nation started to see enormous changes on the land that resulted from
exploration and shale gas development. In her closing comments she reiterated First Nations
responsibility to care for the air, land and overall environment. She implored the Summit
delegation to think about shale gas development when thinking about LNG because you cannot
have LNG without extracting the gas from the earth.

Lana Lowe, Director Fort Nelson First Nation Lands Department
Ms. Lowe demonstrated how the footprint of LNG production includes the extraction of shale
gas through fracking. She stressed that, in BC, LNG cannot be separated from the process by
which the resource is extracted. She warned that if the LNG projects that are proposed for BC
move ahead as planned, there would be a 600 percent increase in fracking activity within Fort
Nelson First Nation territory. This would have devastating effects on that territory and the
people who depend on it. She also pointed out that the shale gas development that is a
necessary component of LNG development results in significant greenhouse gas (GHG)
emissions. These GHG emissions are most prominent in northeastern BC. Ms. Lowe stated that it
is hard to estimate what the scope of natural gas development will look like in Fort Nelson First

First Nations LNG Summit Facilitators Report

November 2013

Nation territory, but it is clear it will have huge effects. They have been working for five years to
figure out how to protect their lands and their people in the face of natural gas development.
This is not a new phenomenon for this Nation.

2.1.6 LNG Industry2

Robert Kendel, Vice-President of Aboriginal and Stakeholder Relations, TransCanada
Mr. Kendel opened the LNG industry panel presentations by stating that TransCanada is
committed to supporting a future First Nations LNG meeting in the northeast of the province.
TransCanada has had an Aboriginal policy in place since 2002, which aims to guide the company
with respect to the legal and constitutional rights and title of First Nations. One of its goals is to
maximize employment and contracting opportunities for First Nations and support building a
skilled First Nations work force. The company recognizes that each First Nation is unique and
that different arrangements will needed for different First Nations. TransCanada is currently
talking to approximately 40 First Nations and has been building relationships with First Nations
for over 50 years. Mr. Kendel acknowledged that the northwest coast of BC is new territory for
TransCanada. TransCanada approached its engagement with First Nations under two streams:
Economic Development and Capacity Building. The benefits that would flow from its project
include jobs, training contracts, cash payments and long-term steady revenue. He noted,
however, that there are real challenges in the BC LNG sector, primarily concerning the
condensed timeframe and the need for regulatory approvals before Final Investment Decision
(FID). Commenting on proposal raised by a number of speakers for the creation of a collective
First Nations engagement along the energy corridor, TransCanada stated that it welcomes
negotiations with a collective group, but will continue to respect those who want individual
negotiations, within a time-sensitive decision-making context. He noted that, if regulatory
approvals are delayed, TransCanada could lose a foothold in the market. Mr. Kendel
acknowledged the importance of discussions on cumulative effects. He stated that TransCanada
would participate in those discussions, but would do so without trying to lead the discussions.

Robert Whitwham, Vice President, Canadian LNG, Spectra Energy
Mr. Whitwham acknowledged that First Nations should have the ability to participate in and
benefit from LNG projects. He stated that Spectra Energy works hard to contribute positive,
long-lasting benefits for all communities impacted by their projects. Mr. Whitwham informed
the Summit that Spectras Environmental Impact Assessment Report would be filed in early
2014, and that it expects its project to generate a great variety of benefits for First Nations and
British Columbians. He stressed, however, that a collective will is needed to make the Spectra
vision a reality.



2

Each company provided detailed presentations on the history of their companies, existing LNG projects,
the perceived benefits to First Nations and a process for moving the western Canadian LNG sector
forward. These are on file with the CSTC Summit organizing Committee.

First Nations LNG Summit Facilitators Report

November 2013

David Molinski, Policy & External Affairs Lead, Kitimat LNG, Chevron
Mr. Molinski shared a case study example with the Summit delegation to highlight the benefits
that a Chevron project could have for First Nations. Chevron, through the First Nations Limited
Partnership (FNLP), has been working with collaboratively with the Kitselas Nation near Terrace
to bring $22 million dollars to the Kitselas Development Corp. This infusion has resulted in a
dramatic change for the community, reducing unemployment from 80% unemployment to 40%
since the partnership was developed. He also observed that young people in the community
have a more positive outlook on their future. For example, he stated that many young people in
the community are now considering schooling to develop careers in the gas industry.

Steve Swaffield, Acting President, BG Group Canada
Mr. Swaffield reviewed a natural gas resource map of northeastern BC, showing that BCs
unconventional natural gas resources are massive and estimated to be greater than 1200 tcf
GIP3. He reflected upon the fact that many companies have entered the western Canada LNG
development market and noted that his company has a joint venture with Spectra Energy to
build and operate a pipeline that connects the BC shale gas basin to Asian markets. BG Group is
engaging with First Nations potentially affected by the its Prince Rupert LNG project in order to
build relationships, assess impacts, determine mitigation measures and negotiate benefit
agreements. He noted that this engagement occurs at a number of levels, including bilateral
meetings, technical workshops, formal regulatory processes, community sessions and benefits
discussions.

2.1.7 Cumulative Impacts Panel

Chief Roland Willson, West Moberly First Nation
Chief Wilson, an experienced analyst and commentator on the cumulative impacts of energy
development in northeastern BC, utilized Google Earth imagery to show the direct and visible
impacts of development on water resources, caribou and sacred landscapes. He noted that the
impacts of this development are far greater than what is being portrayed by industry or
government. Each community must be proactive in determining the full scope of existing and
potential impacts from this development. Documenting activities, impacts and processes
happening at the ground level and using the latest tools to demonstrate these impacts is critical
to any planning, negotiation or litigation process. He warned the Summit delegation that the
political speak used by government does not reflect the reality First Nations face everyday in
their territories.

Rodney J. Northey, Partner and Member of Environmental Law Group, Gowlings
Mr. Northey acknowledged that cumulative impacts are a serious concern and that the
associated issues must be addressed proactively, rather than reactively. He noted that the
proposed pipelines would cross the traditional territories of many First Nations and fragment

3

tcf GIP = trillion cubic feet Gas In Place

10

First Nations LNG Summit Facilitators Report

November 2013

territories on a macro scale. He acknowledged that despite the real cause for concern, the
current environmental assessment (EA) process fails to adequately take into account and
address cumulative impacts. Some communities and regions are using land use planning to
attempt to manage cumulative impacts, but it is currently not clear how land use planning can
be used to address concerns regarding pipeline development. He noted that with the recent
federal omnibus legislation, the federal plan appears to be to devolve EA responsibility from the
federal government to the provincial level. He finds this concerning, particularly as the BC
Environmental Assessment Act doesnt define environment or environmental effects. Mr.
Northey stated that land use planning can be used to manage cumulative effects, though it does
not usually use that exact language. There are two stages to land use planning that relate to
cumulative effects management. The first step is to develop and approve regional land use plan
(LUP). The second step is to review proposed projects for consistency with the LUP before any
approval of the project. For greatest effect, it is important to create a regional LUP before
projects of concern are approved. LUPs do not apply to projects that have been approved
before the LUPs were developed. He recommended the following with respect to developing
LUP(s) for the proposed natural gas corridor: 1. Identify existing corridors, 2. Endorse a
prohibition of new natural gas development corridors until the new LUP is in place, 3. Require
proposed new LNG projects to use existing corridors. The key to limited the cumulative effects
from natural gas pipelines in northern BC is to stop the fragmentation and allow no new
corridors before an LUP is developed for the region.

Nathan Cullen, Member of Parliament for Skeena-Bulkley Valley
Mr. Cullen began his address with the following observation: There seems to be a bit of a
pressure sales pitch going on here, referring to a number of previous speakers, particularly
from industry and government. He noted that each party to this development process has a role
to play. As the Member of Parliament for Skeena-Bulkley Valley (including Haida Gwaii) he sees
his role as an ally to First Nations. He presented the Skeena Development Model, developed in
cooperation with the Tahltan Nation. This model rests on the following seven principles:

1. First Nations Any proposed new development will hold meaningful consultations, and
respect the rights of First Nations with regard to land and traditional use.

2. Environment Wildlife, fisheries, and the natural environment need to be protected,

and companies need to be held accountable for accidents or threats to the ecosystem
the local people rely upon.

3. Consultation All communities deserve to be treated as partners, and they need to be

consulted on all projects before the project can proceed.

4. Long Term Legacy The local people want to move away from feast-or-famine
economic models, and organize projects so they have long-term positive impact on
communities and the environment.

11

First Nations LNG Summit Facilitators Report

November 2013

5. Integrity The local people will measure the integrity of a company by how well it
protects communities and the environment, and how well it lives up to its promises. A
companys track record is increasingly important, and good proponents will stand
behind their work.

6. Go Local Projects that offer training and jobs to local workforce first are necessary.
There is also a desire to keep jobs in the region over the long-term by creating
opportunities to add value to the raw resources that are extracted here.

7. Infrastructure Projects need to help offset the increase use of the regional social
services, healthcare, roads and bridges that result from their activities, and contribute
to upgrading and maintaining them.

2.1.8 Summary of Day 1 Presentations and Facilitators Reflections

Co-facilitator, Miles Richardson, summarized a number of the key themes raised in the
presentations during the first day of the Summit, including:

First Nations see negotiations as a key means of securing the best access for their
people to opportunities arising from proposed resource development, and for
maintaining and enhancing their role as stewards of their territories.

There was a strong interest amongst the First Nations along the energy corridor to come
together in responding the opportunities and threats associated with natural gas
development in their territories.

Japan is developing an understanding and respect for the First Nations of this land. This
respect could become the foundation for mutually beneficial relationships as Japans
LNG companies begin negotiations to access natural gas reserves in First Nations
traditional territories. Canadas potential to become a key supplier of LNG for the Asian
market is dependent on political stability, geographical proximity and resource access
certainty.

Government representatives emphasized the job creation potential of the LNG sector
and the benefits that will flow to the First Nations, the province and the country as a
whole. They acknowledged the importance of respectful and meaningful engagement
with First Nations, and that all developments are to being considered in the context of
global competition for LNG market developments.

BC First Nation leaders expressed a commitment to work at the regional, national and
international levels to assist First Nations leveraged the position they now hold in
relation to LNG development.

Mr. Richardson noted that the goal of those organizing these gatherings, including the previous
conference in Prince Rupert and this summit in Prince George, is to encourage all First Nations
that may be impacted by natural gas development to work towards building a united front and

12

First Nations LNG Summit Facilitators Report

November 2013

collaboratively consider the opportunities and challenges these activities present. Coming
together in these fora allows First Nations from all parts of the energy corridor, and those with
insight from similar experiences in other territories, to share insights about the nature of the
potential impacts and opportunities from these developments and how to best position
ourselves to protect the lands and waters upon which we depend and partner in opportunities
that are consistent with our priorities, values and responsibilities.

3 Day 2: Oct 10, 2013

3.1 Presentation Summaries
3.1.1 Pacific Trails Pipeline Partnership Panel
Bob Rae, Chair of the First Nations Limited Partnership (FNLP)
Mr. Rae shared lessons learned from taking a collective approach in the FNLP. He made seven
key points about forming this partnership:
1) The FNLP agreement with the Pacific Trails Pipeline demonstrated that a collective
approach works best because it yields the best value in the opportunity for the First
Nations involved. There will be $200 million in cash flow to First Nations over the life of
the pipeline, in addition to the creation of a joint venture leading to direct contracts and
large-scale economic opportunities beyond that cash flow. Negotiating collectively will
yield higher returns for First Nations than they would achieve independently.
2) Such a collective approach must respect and protect Aboriginal rights and
responsibilities. There can be no derogation from any other discussions on rights and
title or other discussions that First Nations have with government.
3) Some issues are matters that need to be negotiated between First Nations and
government. The pace of government decision-making can be slow. First Nations
should be mindful of this when assessing which issues need to be resolved with
government before proceeding with business arrangements. There is always a risk of
losing control over market timeframes if all of the issues are put before government for
resolution before a business deal can proceed.
4) Timeframes are real. Prices and demand for LNG are driven by and fluctuate on the
global market. These projects are huge investments and proponents are not just
looking at one country as a source of LNG, but at four or five countries, because of the
complexity and uncertainty involved in these investments. A major factor in companies
assessment of where to invest is the likely timeframe for negotiations and the
regulatory review and approval process. These timeframes are a key factor for First
Nations to consider when making their assessments of these projects and negotiating
their relationships with the proponents.

13

First Nations LNG Summit Facilitators Report

November 2013

5) The courts have established a duty to consult and accommodate and governments
recognize this duty exists. It is critical that First Nations are prepared to clearly identify
what they are looking for in terms of accommodation. For example, First Nations,
individually and as a collective, need to be clear on the difference between gaining an
equity share in a project and a guaranteed cash flow deal. Which is better or worse for
the First Nations in question? This is not an ideological question, but should be
answered based on a number of variables. There are costs and benefits of each
approach. The FNLP took the guaranteed cash-flow approach because the equity
approach seemed to have significant risks (i.e. owning a share (equity) vs. owning a
bond (guaranteed cash flow)). These decisions must be based on facts and figures.
6) Keep an eye out for hidden costs. No one will finance a large project for free. It is
important to have an understanding of the fee structures for the borrowing from banks.
7) Finally, these decisions should be based on facts not emotions.

Harold Calla, Executive Chair, First Nations Financial Management Board
Mr. Calla stressed the need, at the beginning of any negotiation process, to thoroughly consider
the implementation phase of the agreement and ask the question: What benefit will be left
when the gas stops flowing? If equity is an objective in the negotiations, then the real question
is: How will we develop the benefit distribution model within the collective entity we create?
First Nations need to look at post-project opportunities and manage the wealth generated by
the project to transfer. Finally, Mr. Calla emphasized that the greatest leverage comes from
working together.

David Luggi, Pacific Trail Pipeline, First Nations Limited Partnership4
Mr. Luggi delivered his presentation in camera to First Nations delegates only. He offered some
reflections on the Pacific Trail Pipeline project and associated agreements and concluded with
recommendations for moving forward with regard to other natural gas projects.

3.1.2 Lessons Learned Panel

Grand Chief Herb Norwegian, Dehcho First Nations
Grand Chief Norwegian focused his comments on the value of an LUP5 as the foundation for
decision-making in land development processes. He emphasized that a credible process needs
to bring together all walks of life that have anything to do with the land. The Dehcho created a
series of land use and occupancy maps over a seven-year period. It was only after the
foundation was laid by clarifying the scope of existing land use that the Dehcho took on the
more comprehensive LUP process. He advised that an LUP is a critical tool in dealing with
proponents and government considering development projects on First Nations territories.
Despite serving as an invaluable tool for First Nations to protect their rights and interests in the

4

As Mr. Luggi asked for this presentation to be delivered in camera, no summary is provided here.
However, the presentation is on file with the CSTC First Nations Summit organizing committee. For a copy,
please contact them directly.
5
See cumulative effects discussion above in subsection 2.1.7.

14

First Nations LNG Summit Facilitators Report

November 2013

land, he stressed that it is not necessarily the case that LUPs close off development. It is true
that the Dehcho wanted to ensure as much protection of the land as possible, but they also
recognized the need for appropriate development to sustain their people. The foundational
land use and occupancy maps showed where the priority areas for protection and which areas
would be more appropriate for development, based on documented evidence. These use and
occupancy maps are clarify the terms of engagement with government and industry. For
example, companies can view these maps before commencing with exploration activities to
evaluate whether it is possible for a project to proceed where they are looking. The LUP process
is open and transparent, and puts First Nations at the helm of ensuring exploration and
development is based on and consistent with their priorities, values and responsibilities. Grand
Chief Norwegian views LUPs as a key alternative to the extinguishment of Aboriginal title and
rights. He advised First Nations to include the general public in the LUP process, especially if
there is a substantial population living in the territory. As a prerequisite to a successful LUP
process, however, he recommended that First Nations negotiate Interim Measures Agreements
with government to limit development while treaty negotiations proceed.

Chief Karen Ogen, Wetsuweten First Nation
Chief Ogens address to the First Nations delegation at the Summit emphasized the need to
respect one anothers opinions and the decisions that communities make. She stressed the need
to critically assess whether there are ways of doing things differently and what the real benefits
of proposed projects are likely to be for our people? The Wetsuweten First Nation have been
proactive in developing their understanding of oil and gas development in their territory. They
developed a three-year strategy to demonstrate to their own members that their leaders are
proactive and progressive in their approach to community development. Chief Ogen concluded
recommending other First Nations leaders to sign the First Nations Declaration on Natural Gas
as she did.

Robert Dennis, Wetsuweten First Nation
Mr. Dennis shared the Wetsuweten First Nation approach to economic benefits, environmental
protection, and consultation and accommodation.
1) Economic Benefits He explained the formula used by the Wetsuweten First
Nation to determine what the economic benefits of a project are likely to be:
Determine the real economic opportunities related to a project, add any
revenue sharing negotiated with the government, and determine how many
jobs could be created as well as the number of contracts/businesses derived
from a project. In their case, the Wetsuweten First Nation were able to secure
guaranteed contracts (not first rights of refusal), set a target number of
Wetsuweten to work at the project site, and secure a cash payment to the
Nation. They formed their own Economic Development Corporation that has
secured three contracts from gas companies and additional contracts from
mining companies.

15

First Nations LNG Summit Facilitators Report

November 2013

2) Environment - Members of their community are concerned about the impacts

from all of the resource development in their territory. To address this
community wide concern, a community-based process was created that
involves the Chief meeting the community members on a regular and frequent
basis to explain what is happening. The Nation also hired an environmental
lawyer to assist the community in moving forward with their three-year strategy.
As a result, they are now meeting regularly with the BC Environmental
Assessment Office.
3) Consultation and Accommodation The central message provided here was
that if you do not know what the impacts are, you are in no position to
negotiate accommodation. Therefore, First Nations communities need to
develop and insist on the tools to gain full knowledge of the potential and likely
impacts from development to gain leverage to secure the best position at the
negotiation table, should the project be consistent with their priorities, values,
and responsibilities. The clear commitment to this community-based process
has been very successful at giving the Chief the mandate to meet and negotiate
with companies. The community maintains control of the consultation process
by keeping a detailed log of activities related to business development and/or
consultation. This prevents the company or government claiming to have
consulted when the records prove may prove otherwise.

Robert Botterell, Wetsuweten First Nation
Mr. Botterell provided a legal perspective on the Wetsuweten First Nations approach to
natural gas development in their territory.
1) The Wetsuweten First Nation established an Natural Gas Industry Table to discuss
topics such as: cumulative impacts, timing and location of project infrastructure, the
Wetsuweten First Nations role in decision making, control over the use of lands. This
table is the forum where they will deal with the possible conversion to an oil pipeline.
2) With respect to equity participation, Mr. Botterell noted that the Wetsuweten First
Nation supports a collective effort to negotiate an equity stake, but feel that they must
proceed down all the fronts at once, and participate in concurrent negotiations because
of the time constraints. There is no time to set aside one opportunity in the hopes of
concluding negotiations on another. The Nations vision and strategy must always drive
the process they participate in.

3.1.3 Summary of Day 2 Presentations

Before moving to the First Nations break-out groups, the Co-facilitator, Miles Richardson
summarized a number of the key points made in the mornings presentations:
The resounding message delivered by the morning speakers was one of fostering
collective power to strengthen the negotiating position of First Nations along the
energy corridor.

16

First Nations LNG Summit Facilitators Report

November 2013

The benefits of negotiating collectively include greater respect for and protection of
First Nations rights, improved community preparedness for negotiations, better
information and perspective to inform accommodation expectations.
Nations should think about what the implementation phase should look like right at the
outset, to ensure there will be capacity to fairly and effectively manage the distribution
of wealth for the benefit of current and future generations.
Land use planning is a strong tool for directing developments to proceed only where
consistent with First Nations priorities, values, and responsibilities, protecting large
areas of land of critical importance to First Nations, and for protecting against
extinguishment of Aboriginal title and rights in the long term.
Each Nation must develop a formula for successful resource development negotiations.
An inclusive community-based process where all members of the community are
engaged regularly, where leadership and staff have the capacity to and are engaged in
evaluating all aspects of the economic potential and risks of proposed projects
(including those that may occur after those projects are completed), with a separate
table for political discussions with government, and industry when needed, was
recommended.

3.2 First Nation Breakout Sessions

Approximately 100 First Nations delegates participated in breakout sessions during the
afternoon. The objective of these sessions was to create an Action Items document meant to
facilitate decisions by First Nations on key strategic actions. The delegates broke into three
groups, each dealing with a different issue: environmental impacts, economic impacts, and
socio-cultural impacts. They were asked to provide their top priorities for action in the next
three-month, six-month, and longer-term timeframes.

The following table is a summary of the breakout groups discussion. It is important to note that
this table is meant to represent a preliminary discussion and is in no way representative of all
the priorities put forward by delegates. The purpose of this summary table is to facilitate
discussion and set the stage for developing the next First Nations Natural Gas Strategy meeting.

17

First Nations LNG Summit Facilitators Report

November 2013

Table 1: Summary table of Action Items from First Nation Breakout Sessions Oct 10, 2013

Potential
Impacts
Timeframe
for Action

3 Months

6 Months

Longer Term

Economic Impacts

Environmental Impacts

1.Get mandates from

traditional leaders;
2. FN working groups
(equity ownership, LNG
skilled negotiator team,
funding capacity;
3. Opportunity analysis
(gaps, inform/training)
1. ID FN assets, talents and
opportunities with
engagement, training plan;
2. Good governance plan in
community/FN level;
3. FN equity sharing plan
1. Stronger transport
regulation/legislation;
2. Contracts/financing and
revenue sharing for
corridor;
3. FN development corps.

1. Water Mgmt. /
Cumulative Impacts Plan
Marine, fresh, ground
waters, wildlife;
2. LUP on FN principles, i.e.
energy corridor;
3. Base data gathering for
FN enviro standards
1. PG FN follow up with
enviro focus;
2. Coordination of EA
process on FN principals;
3. Baseline
analysis/ongoing yr to yr
1. FN Enviro
Authority/higher standards;
2. Develop Terms of Ref.
/Strategy by FN experts;
3. LUP snapshots

Social-Cultural Impacts
1. Steering Committee;
2. ID best career
practices/projections (pre
and post project);
3. Manage social upheaval
from new wealth/jobs

1. Career partnerships
(jobs), human resource
inventory;
2. Plan for increased land
access (competition);
3. Bio sample base started
1. Land
governance/ownership
protocols (Band v.
Traditional owners)/land
banks;
2. Use own languages
3. Articulate own Laws to
collectively make
development safer

4 Concluding Reflections: Facilitators Recommendations

1. Establish a united front amongst First Nations along the natural gas corridor

Currently, no organization has the mandate to represent First Nations with respect to natural
gas development throughout northern BC. In the interim, I recommend that the three
conference steering committees from the Northwest Energy Opportunities Conference in
Prince Rupert in June 2013; this summit, the BC First Nations LNG Summit, in Prince George in
October 2013; and the upcoming conference to be held in Fort Nelson in March 2014 - be
responsible in each of their respective regions to consult with participating First Nations on
defining the structure for a purpose-specific organization to represent northern BC First Nations
with respect to natural gas development and bring this proposed structure forward for approval
by the First Nations at the upcoming follow-up conference planned to occur in Fort Nelson in
March 2014.

18

First Nations LNG Summit Facilitators Report

November 2013

The mandate of the interim steering committee is to work together and consult with First
Nations in their regions in designing this purpose-specific structure in advance of the follow-up
conference planned to occur in Fort Nelson in March 2014. At this conference, northern BC First
Nations will have the opportunity to vote on whether to approve this structure as a
representative for their Nations with respect to natural gas development in northern BC.

2. Negotiating mandate of united front of First Nations along the natural gas corridor

Once the structure and decision-making process for the united front amongst First Nations along
the natural gas corridor has been approved, this entity must develop and approve a mandate,
strategy, work plan, and budget for a negotiating team, to organize and advance the interests
and authorized positions of this united front amongst First Nations along the natural gas
corridor. This must include a specific mandate to negotiate a framework, including agreed
principles and objectives of any potential collective business deal for northern BC First Nations.
Consideration must be given to appropriate revenue sharing amongst First Nations along the
entire natural gas value chain. This entity will also be tasked with developing an approach to
securing a federal sovereign loan guarantee to help support First Nations equity participation in
natural gas projects being proposed along the natural gas corridor. There are currently several
LNG and many other related negotiations underway in BC; it would be prudent to make note of
these initiatives, and either partner or make information sharing arrangements with them to
aide the negotiations process. The BC First Nations Energy and Mining Council and the First
Nations Financial Management Board attended both the Prince Rupert and Prince George
conferences, and have offered their technical support and participation in the negotiations
process. These offers ought to be seriously considered.

3. Credible and reliable environmental data and information

At the previous conference in Prince Rupert in June 2013, Northwest Energy Opportunities, and
at this summit, First Nations have made it clear that, although natural gas development may
represent the opportunity of a lifetime, they are only prepared to move forward in support of
such development if that can be done in balance with the maintenance of their cultures and
traditional ways of life. Being able to continue to harvest and eat from the land and waters is
integral to the maintenance of northern BC First Nations cultures, and requires a sound and
thriving ecosystem. A number of participants at each conference noted concern about impacts
on fish, birds, other wildlife, water quality, and a number of other environmental factors that
could affect their ability to maintain their culture if not properly assessed, monitored, and
managed. Salteaux First Nation Chief Harley Davis cautioned the delegates in moving forward, to
consider the environmental impacts that could come from natural gas development in northern
BC, stating that No one is speaking for mother earth. Stewardship is a critical value for
northern BC First Nations, to ensure their peoples can continue to survive and thrive for
countless generations to come. Moving forward, First Nations will want to ensure that any
development that does occur is done in harmony with ecological and cultural integrity. I
recommend that, to ensure northern BC First Nations have the best information on and ability
to limit impacts to the environment, before and after any project approval, the representative
structure discussed above form a partnership with an independent organization with a strong
reputation for environmental impact assessment and monitoring to undertake community-
driven, community-based environmental monitoring, supported by the technical capacity of that
independent environmental organization and funded by the developer(s).

19

First Nations LNG Summit Facilitators Report

November 2013

4. Information sharing and communications amongst First Nations

A number of First Nations and organizations have already gathered a wealth of data and
information that can help northern BC First Nations become well informed on the issues,
impacts, benefits, and strategies. These parties should ensure they are sharing this information
amongst northern BC First Nations, so these Nations are in a strong position to defend their
rights and interests. The next conference should clarify further the process for information
sharing. In the interim, the interim steering committee should act as a conduit for the sharing of
information among northern BC First Nations with respect to natural gas development.

Efforts are already underway to develop accessible tools for communicating on these issues with
northern BC First Nation communities and the wider public, such as the website:
www.fnlngstrategy.ca. Further discussions will identify other communications tools and develop
a communications plan for moving forward with respect to natural gas development in northern
BC.

20

First Nations LNG Summit Facilitators Report

November 2013

Appendix A: List of First Nations and Organizations in

Attendance

First Nations and First Nations Organizations

Adams Lake Indian Band

Lake Babine Nation

Assembly of First Nations

Lheidli T'enneh First Nation

Burns Lake Band

Metlakatla First Nation

CFNR - Canadas First Nations Radio

McLeod Lake Indian Band

Carrier Sekani Tribal Council

Moricetown Band

Coastal First Nations

Nak'azdli Band

Dease River First Nation

Nadleh Whut'en First Nation

Daylu Dena Council

Nee Tahi Buhn Band

Dehcho First Nations

New Relationship Trust

Doig River First Nation

Nisga'a Nation

First Nations Energy and Mining Council

Prince George Nechako Aboriginal

Employment and Training Association

First Nations Financial Management

Board

Saikuz First Nation

Fort Nelson First Nation

Saulteau First Nation

First Nations (PTP) Limited Partnership

Group

Skin Tyee Nation

First Nations Summit

Stellat'en First Nation

Gitanyow Band

Tahltan Central Council

Gitxaala Nation

Takla Lake First Nation

Gitxsan First Nation

Tl'azt'en Nation

Gitxsan Development Corporation

Treaty 8 Tribal Association

Halfway River First Nation

Union of BC Indian Chiefs

Haisla Nation Council

Kiteslas First Nation

Upper Fraser Fisheries Conservation

Alliance

Kitsumkalum First Nation

West Moberly First Nation

Kwadacha Nation

Wet'suwet'en First Nation

Squamish Nation

21

First Nations LNG Summit Facilitators Report

November 2013

Government Departments, Agencies and Offices

Aboriginal Affairs and Northern
Development Canada

Member of Parliament for Skeena-Bulkley

Valley

Alberta Ministry of Energy

Natural Resources Canada

BC Ministry of Aboriginal Relations and

Reconciliation

North Central Local Government

Association

BC Ministry of Natural Gas Development

Special Federal Representative for West

Coast Energy Infrastructure

Embassy of Japan
Member of Legislative Assembly for Stikine

Western Economic Diversification Canada

Member of Parliament for Prince GeorgePeace River

Industry, Legal and Other Associations

Apache Canada Ltd.

McElhanney Services Ltd.

All North Consultants Ltd.

MNP

BG Group

Nattrass Consulting Inc.

BMO

Nexen

Canadian Chamber of Commerce in

Japan

Kitisault Energy

Copper Moon

Pacific Trails Pipelines

Castlemain Group

Pacific Northern Gas

Chevron Canada

Shell Canada

Deloitte LLP

Spectra Energy

Dentons Canada LLP

Summit Camps

Four Directions Management Services Ltd.

Surerus Pipeline Ltd.

Gowlings LLP

TERA Environmental Consultants

Highland Powerlines

Tewanee Consulting Group Inc.

Inpex Gas BC

TransCanada

Japan Montney Ltd.

Triton Environmental Consultants Ltd.

Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National

Corporation

Woodfibre Natural Gas Ltd.

22

Pacific Northwest LNG