LESSON PLAN IN SCIENCE 9

Prepared by: Princess Joy M. Nazarita

Date: May 19, 2015
Duration: 60mins
I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of
a.
b.
c.
d.

the lesson the students should be able to:

Identify the structure of a DNA molecule
explain the rules of base pairing;
construct an edible model of molecule of DNA;
value the importance of DNA.

II. CONTENT
A. Topic: DNA: The Genetic Material
B. References
Capco, C. Et.al, (2010). You and The Natural World Biology. 3rd ed. Quezon City: Phoenix
Publishing House, Inc. page 55-56.
DepEd. (2014). K-12 Science 9 Teachers Manual, page 14.
C. Concepts:
DNA is composed of chains of nucleotides, which are molecules built up from three basic
parts: a five carbon sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base or nitrogen containing
base.
The nitrogenous bases include adenine and guanine, which belong to a group of compounds
called purines; and cytosine and thymine, which belong to pyrimidines.
The American biochemist James D. Watson and British biophysicist and geneticist Francis
Crick described the DNA molecule as a double helix.
The backbone of the helix consists of alternating sugar and phosphate groups connected by
sugar-phosphate bonds, while the steps of the ladder consist of the pair of nitrogenous
bases.
The bases pair in the process known as complementary base pairing. Adenine pairs with
thymine (A-T) and guanine pairs with cytosine (G-C).
DNA is very important in living systems. DNA serves as the genetic material of all living
things.
D. Materials : Strips of Cartolina with Definitions
Illustrations of Nitrogenous Bases
For the activity
Student handouts
paperclips
toothpicks

III. PROCEDURE
A. Daily Routine
a. Greetings
b. Prayer
c. Setting the Classroom
d. Checking of Attendance

colored marshmallows
footlong bubble gum
masking tape

B. Motivation

4 Pics 1 Word
Student will guess the hidden words using the pictures
posted on the board.
Words are: Sugar, Phosphate and Nitrogen

C. Lesson Proper
a. Discussion
What is DNA?

The teacher will begin class with a discussion about DNA, which DNA contains all of the
instructions necessary to build and operate a living organism and that DNA molecules can be found
inside the cells of all living things.
How DNA looks like?

The teacher will show the students a diagram depicting what the DNA molecule looks like by
describing its structural features.
What is the importance of base pairing in the construction of DNA?

Inform students about the four-letter DNA alphabet, A, T, C, and G, and explain the rules
of base pairing. Explain that information is stored within the DNA molecule in the form of a
sequence of chemical bases represented by these four letters.
b. Application

Have your DNA and Eat it too Activity

Students will group themselves and follow the instructions in the student handout and build
their very own edible model of the DNA molecule.
When students have completed the activity, the teacher will assess their understanding of
the structure of DNA by examining whether or not they have built and labeled their models
correctly and followed the rules of base pairing using teachers prepared rubrics.
Guide Questions:
What are the common parts of a nucleotide?
What is the one part of the nucleotide that differs among
the other different nucleotides?
Is there always going to be an equal number of adenine and thymine
nucleotides in molecule? Guanine and cytosine nucleotides? Why?
c. Valuing
Why is DNA important?
The teacher will ask the student about the role of DNA in living things.
The teacher will as the students to arrange the process on how DNA plays
an important role in determining the traits of an individual.
d. Values Integration
Resourcefulness and creativity in building their very own edible model
of the DNA molecule.
d. Summary

Students will give a summary and generalization on the topic.

IV. Evaluation
A. DIRECTION: Choose the best answer.
1. DNA is a polymer of _______.
a.nucleotides
b.fatty acids
c. phosphate
d.deoxyribose sugars connected by phosphodiester bonds
2. Which of the following are pyrimidines?
a. adenine and cytosine
b .adenine and guanine
c. adenine and thymine
d. cytosine and thymine
3. Which of the following are purines?
a. adenine and cytosine
b. adenine and guanine
c. cytosine and thymine
d. guanine and thymine
4. The DNA instructions are divided into segments called _______.
a. chromatin
b. chromosomes
c. genes
d. nucleotides
5. Watson and Crick determined that a DNA molecule is a ________ a two strands twisted around
each other, like a winding staircase.
a. single helix
b. double helix
c. single stranded DNA
d. double stranded DNA
V. Assignment
Make a research about the following questions and write your researchers in you
big science notebook.
1. How is scientific progress affecting how DNA is used to solve crimes? Cite some
examples.
2. How can DNA evidence be used to free innocent people?

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