Understanding others >

diversity of cultural Patterns

1. How to become aware of others cultures
2. Dominant patters in other cultures
Becoming aware of other cultures
Approaches to culture understanding

Projects cognitive similarity

Stereotyping
Ethnocentrism

Ethnocentrism awareness can help us realize that what we see

in another culture is largely our subjective view of what culture.

Learning about other cultures

Yu kuang Chu offers six useful suggestions for learning about other
cultures
1. Be wary of stenotypes
2. Seek the common humanity of people and avoid emphasis on
extreme
3. Recognize a different scale of values in non western culture
4. Though education develop human empathy and active concern for
other people
5. Study the interrelationship between languages and culture
6. Study non western cultures to se their richness of human thought and
life

Be wary of stenotypes

Rare/zero

False notions
Seek the common humanity of
people and avoid emphasis on
extreme

Recognize a different scale of values

in non western culture

Though education develop human

empathy and active concern for
other people

Study the interrelationship between

languages and culture

Study non western cultures to see

their richness of human thought and
life

Location and history

The location of a culture is an important factor that hel[s shape its

orientacion , because geo political characteristics help determine
behaviors and perceptions
Location is also politically significant

World View

Worlds view often is ethnocentric.

Worlds view however goes beyond ethnocentrism and manifests itself
in the psychological sociological and technical aspects of society
1. The individual and nature relationship
2. science and technology
3. materialism
The individual and nature
relationship

World view specifies the

relationship of humankind to
the universe
It can be working relationship
when people live in harmony
with nature
Human control nature >benefit
western cultures

Science and technology

Materialism

Science is based upon a set of

epistemolical assumptions about how
we gain knowledge.
MAHAYANA BUDDHIMS hold that
knowledge is of 3 types >
1. Illusion come through the
sense
2. Relatives knowledge come
from belief
3. Knowledge is free of illusion
and assumptions.
Is a dimensional culture orientation
that ranges from non/material to
material

Activity Orientation
a. Activity and work
b. Efficiency and Practicality
c. Progress and change
Activity and work
Activity orientation is expressed with cultures by the way in which people
seek goal attainment through activity and work
Efficiency and Practicality
Progress and change
Time orientation
Time is another dominate pattern subject to culture variation
Every culture must deal with the conceptions of past present and
future.
Human natural orientation

Goodness of human nature

Rationality of human nature
Mutably of human nature

Perception of the self

Individualism
Self motivation

Social Organization

Family
Religious institucions