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Noise Floor: is the measure of the signal created from the sum of all the
noise sources and unwanted signals within a measurement system, where noise is
defined as any signal other than the one being monitored. In communications
systems, Noise Floor is the thermal noise which is the electronic noise generated by
all electric/electronic components, also referred as Johnson-Nyquist Noise. It is
defined as follows:
is the absolute
is the effective
bandwidth over which the noise is measured, and the 1000 factor is because the
power is given in milliwatts rather than watts. After simplification, the result is:
PdBm=174.4+10 log 10 ( f )
For UMTS, which has 3.84MHz effective bandwidth, the Noise Floor is -108.56dBm.
Noise Figure: is the difference in decibels (dB) between the noise output of the
actual receiver to the noise output of an ideal receiver with the same overall
gain and effective bandwidth when the receivers are connected to matched sources
at the standard noise temperature (room temperature typically 293K).
Background Noise: defined as the noise for each equipment in function of the Noise
Floor for the system and the Noise Figure which is a fixed parameter for every kind
of equipment given by the formula:
For pRRU, Noise Figure is higher than RRU, which is 6dB for one pRRU which results
into a Background Noise of -102.56dBm.
Increasing the number of pRRU of a LampSite solution will result into an increase of
the Background Noise which is calculated with the following formula:
1
1
1
11
13
15 16
0
2
4
9 10
1
10 11 11 11 12 12
0
RoT: Rise over Thermal is the ratio between the total interference received by the
cell (RTWP) and the total noise including system noise floor and receiver noise
(Noise Figure). ROT is defined by the formula:
RoT=
I 0 RTWP
=
N 0 BGN
Since RTWP and BGN are represented in dBm, it is needed to use logarithmic rules
to the equation, obtanining:
RoT =RTWPBGN
Uplink Factor: is the relation between the total interference and the total noise,
defined as follows:
nUL =1
BGN
RTWP
Ec/No is defined as the ratio of the received energy over the total received power
spectral density, which means from the above formula can be obtained the
following:
RoT
Ec
=10 log 10 10 1
No
Ec N o=10 log 10
10
E c N o
10
=10
Ec
10 10
10
No
10
10
RoT
10
RoT
10
RTWPBGN
10
10
BGN
10
Since the total received power spectral density at the UE is the Background Noise,
then No = BGN; therefore:
Ec
10
10 =10
RTWPBGN
10
RTWP=E c + BGN
Which means RTWP consists of two parts: useful signal and noise, that is:
BGN +RoT
10
BGN RoT
+
10
10
10
BGN
10
BGN
10
RoT
10
+10
Ec
10
+10
Ec
10
=10
Ec
10
Ec
BGN RoT
+
10
10
10
10
=10
BGN
10
BGN
10
10 10
1=
10
BGN
10
E BGN
(
)
1=10 10 10
10 log ( 10
RoT
10
1 =E c BGN
RoT
10
Also:
Ec =UETxPower pathlossairloss
RoT
10
1 + pathloss+airloss
Considering:
UETxPower=12.4+10 log 10
RoT
10
UETxPower=7.6+10 log 10
RoT
10
Preambl e Initia l
Power
Where PCPICHPower is set value for the RRU/pRRU and is received by the UE in
SIB5, CPICH_RSCP is the measured RSCP by the UE, ULInterference is the RTWP and
its transmitted to the UE in SIB7, ConstantValue is a set value for each cell
(typically -20dB).
Where Pn is the Background Noise of the cell. After the RNC predicts the uplink load
factor, it is compared to the corresponding threshold for each service:
-Handover: UlNonCtrlThdForHo
-Voice: UlNonCtrlThdForAMR
-NonAMR Services: UlNonCtrlThdForNonAMR
-Other Services: UlNonCtrlThdForOther
For HSPA Cell, uplink factor calculation is different since it involves RSEPS (Received
Scheduled E-DCH Power Share) which is a measurement for dedicated the HSUPA
service.