6.Why are sociology and anthropology considered science?

Since science is a systematic study of the structure and behavior of the physical and natural
world, sociology the study of the development, structure, and functioning of human society. And
anthropology is the study of humankind when it comes to the science of human zoology,
evolution, and ecology and the comparative study of human societies and cultures and their
development therefore these two are considered science.

7. Give the contents of the following:

a. Social Organization
- refer to the interdependence of parts in groups. These groups may vary in size and
nature from workers to the factories. Characteristics of social organization can include
qualities such as size, sexual composition, spatiotemporal cohesion, leadership,
structure, division of labor, communication systems
b. Social Psychology
- the scientific study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by
the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others.
c. Human Ecology
- an interdisciplinary and trans disciplinary study of the relationship between humans and
their natural, social, and built environments.
d. Social change and disorganization
- refers to an alteration in the social order of a society. Social change may include
changes in nature, social institutions, social behaviours, or social relations while
disorganization is a theoretical perspective that explains ecological differences in levels
of crime based on structural and cultural factors shaping the nature of the social order
across communities.
e. Demography
- The statistical study of human populations. As a very general science, it can analyze
any kind of dynamic living population, i.e., one that changes over time or space.
f. Applied sociology
- a branch of general sociology. Sociological methods are applied to many areas in the
study of society to look at society from every angle and make observations about how
we interact within society, how cultures affect each other and the individual, global
issues, and many other areas.

8. What are studied in the following?

a. Physical anthropology
- study of scientific discipline concerned with the biological and behavioral
aspects of human beings, their related non-human primates and their extinct
hominid ancestors.
b. Linguistics
- is the scientific study of language. There are three aspects to this study:
language form, language meaning, and language in context.
c. archaeology
-The study of the ancient and recent human past through material remains. It is a
subfield of anthropology, the study of all human culture.
d. Cultural anthropology
- study of cultural variation among humans and is in contrast to
social anthropologywhich perceives cultural variation as a subset of
theanthropological constant.
9. How does ethnography differ from ethology?
- Ethnography is the systematic study of people and cultures. It is designed to
explore cultural phenomena where the researcher observes society from the
point of view of the subject of the study. While Ethology is the scientific and
objective study of animal behaviour, usually with a focus on behaviour under
natural conditions, and viewing behaviour as an evolutionarily adaptive trait.
10.

Differentiate fossils from artifacts. How are these materials in the study of
Anthropology obtained? Explain the method used.
Fossils are the remains or impression of a prehistoric organism preserved in petrified
form or as a mold or cast in rock while artifacts are objects made by a human being,
typically an item of cultural or historical interest. Anthropology is the study of humans
past, and present. So when it comes to studying past fossils and artifacts are one of the
key that are needed or that can tell the researchers about the old societies. These
prehistoric items can tell us many stories about the past.