Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
www.as-se.org/ccse
Professor, Dept. of Instrumentation Technology, and Research Scholar, M.C.E, Hassan, India
2Professor
Dept. of Instrumentation Technology, Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Bangalore 56, India
1murali.hulikal@gmail.com; 2meenakshi_mbhat@yahoo.com
Abstract
This paper presents a novel approach to the design of data
acquisition system for process applications. The core heart
of the proposed system is Field Programmable Gate Array
(FPGA) which is configured and programmed to acquire a
maximum of 16 MB real time data. For the real time
validation of the designed system, a process plant with three
parameters i.e. pressure, temperature and level is considered.
Real time data from the process is acquired using suitable
temperature, pressure and level sensors. Signal conditioners
are designed for each sensor and are tested in real time.
Designed FPGA based data acquisition system along with
corresponding signal conditioners is validated in real-time
by running the process and comparing the same with the
corresponding references. The data acquired in real time
compares well with the references.
Keywords
Field Programmable Gate Array; ADC; Temperature Sensor;
Pressure Sensor
Introduction
In any of the process automation application the main
objective is to keep the measurement error within the
desired tolerance band. Design of the controller for this
purpose requires a continuous monitoring of the
various parameters in real time process applications.
However, non-availability of sensors for the
measurement of all state variables necessitates the
design of parameter estimator to estimate the state
variables for the feedback. Estimation necessitates the
data of different process parameters over a period of
time. If the number of data samples over a period is
more, then the estimation becomes more accurate.
Estimator estimates the given parameter by the data
that are observed. Data acquisition system is used to
acquire the data from the various sensors. The
acquired data can be stored and utilized for estimation.
www.as-se.org/ccse
Communications in Control Science and Engineering (CCSE) Volume 1 Issue 1, January 2013
Temperatur
e Sensor
SCC
Pressure
sensor
SCC
Level sensor
SCC
A
D
C
E
O
C
F
P
G
A
Display
S
O
C
Hardware Configuration:
Fig. 1 gives the block diagram representation of the
hardware configuration. The hardware consists of
temperature sensor LM35, pressure sensor MPX10GC,
Float sensor for level measurement and their signal
conditioning circuits, ADC 0809 and Spartan-3E FPGA
board. FPGA controls the ADC by sending the start of
conversion and channel selection signals. According to
the select lines ADC will select one of the three inputs
and convert the input signal to its digital equivalent.
8
Communications in Control Science and Engineering (CCSE) Volume 1 Issue 1, January 2013
First three input lines of the ADC IN0, IN1 and IN2 are
selected as the input lines for temperature sensor,
pressure sensor and level sensor respectively. The
output lines of the ADC are connected to the FPGA
through a connector cable, and the reference voltage
applied to the ADC is +3.3V and 0V for +V ref and -V ref
respectively as the FPGA operates in this range.
Signal Conditioning Circuit for Pressure Sensor:
The MPXV10GC device is a silicon piezo-resistive
pressure sensor providing a very accurate and linear
voltage output directly proportional to the applied
pressure. Fig. 3 shows a schematic of the internal
circuitry on the stand-alone pressure sensor chip. This
pressure sensor can measure the pressure in the range
of 0-10KPa or 0-1.45Psi and give output voltage in the
range of 0-35mV.
www.as-se.org/ccse
www.as-se.org/ccse
Communications in Control Science and Engineering (CCSE) Volume 1 Issue 1, January 2013
Start
Software Implementation
The FPGA has to work as a data acquisition system.
The operations that will be performed by the FPGA are
shown in the flow chart in Fig. 7.
10
Wait 100s
NO
Is End of
conversion
Issued by
ADC?
Calculate the
equivalent
temperature
value in terms
of C
Incremen
t channel
address
by1 bit
Is channel
address =
000
Yes
NO
Yes
Calculate the
equivalent
Pressure value
in terms of
KPa
Is channel
address =
001
Yes
NO
Calculate the
equivalent
level value in
terms of mm.
Is channel
address =
010
Yes
FIG.7 FLOW CHART
Yes
Communications in Control Science and Engineering (CCSE) Volume 1 Issue 1, January 2013
Temperature
www.as-se.org/ccse
Reference value
Measured value
34C
33C
47C
44C
56C
53C
education,2005.
Pressure
Parameter
Level
Reference value
Measured value
1KPa
1Kpa
2.5Kpa
2.4Kpa
6.5Kpa
6.2Kpa
Reference value
Measured value
4mm
3.9mm
5.2mm
5.2mm
13mm
13mm
Conclusion
FPGA based data acquisition system for the process
application is designed and validated in real time. The
proposed system is capable of acquiring a maximum
of 16 MB real time data. For the validation of the
designed system of a simple process plant with three
parameters i.e pressure, level and temperature is
considered. The system acquired the online data from
different sensors and displayed them. Acquired data
shows a small measurement error which is due to the
limitation of the number of output lines in the ADC. If
the ADC is replaced by an ADC of higher resolution
then more accuracy in the output can be achieved.
REFERENCES
11