Bogota - Anchorage to Concrete Course July

2015

Tension Design Example

Lecture 6b

Tension Design Example

Design Example:
Post-installed anchor in Seismic Design
Category C, subjected to tension

D. Meinheit - Lecture 6b Slides

Bogota - Anchorage to Concrete Course July

2015

Tension Design Example

A steel bracket is attached to a wall well away from any vertical edge of the
wall. The horizontal leg of the bracket is attached to the wall with 2 12 mm
diameter wedge anchors spaced at 150 mm. The embedment depth hef is
100 mm. fc = 30 MPa. The bracket is subjected to dead load, live load, and
an earthquake load. The bracket is attached to a shear wall in the structure,
which is in Seismic Design Category (SDC) C. No supplemental
reinforcement is detailed.
Check the adequacy of the post-installed anchor.
PD, PL PE

A
Section A
Fig. Ex T.1 Post-installed anchors attaching bracket tension member
to concrete wall

Example Ex T.1 - Continued

Loads:
Dead load (service) = 4.0 kN
Live load (service) = 3.5 kN
Earthquake load (service) = 3.0 kN
Anchor Description:
fya = 580 MPa
futa = 730 MPa
Ase = 65.0 mm2
Spacing (s) = 100 mm
Edge distance = ca1 = very large

Concrete:
fc = 30 MPa
Wall thickness (ha) = 250 mm
a = 1.0 (normalweight concrete)

Wall is assumed uncracked ,

engineer must verify this
assumption, and not detailed
and reinforced adequately to
qualify for a supplementary
reinforcement condition

Use anchor properties from

ICC-ES ESR 1917
4

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Bogota - Anchorage to Concrete Course July

2015

Example Ex T.1 - Continued

ACI 318-14
section

Discussion

Calculation

Step 1: Required strength

5.3 Load
factors and
combinations

Table 5.3.1 Load Combinations

U = 1.4 D
U = 1.2 D + 1.6 L
U = 1.2 D + 1.0 E + 1.0 L
U = 0.9 D + 1.0 E
Structure is assigned to SDC C a
moderate seismic zone where
seismic load must be considered;
therefore, requirements of 17.2.3
Seismic design

U = 1.4 (4.0) = 5.6 kN

U = 1.2 (4.0) + 1.6 (3.5) = 10.4 kN
U = 1.2 (4.0) + 1.0 (3.0) = 1.0 (3.5) = 11.3 kN
U = 0.9 (4.0) + 1.0 (3.0) = 6.6 kN
Nua = 11.3 kN

Step 2: Strength inequalities

17.2.3.4

20% rule to consider earthquake in

design?
NuE ? Nua (using same load
combination)

NuE = 3.0 kN
Nua = 11.3 kN
Ratio NuE/Nua = 3.0/11.3 (100) = 32%
Must design using 17.2.3.4.4

D. Meinheit - Lecture 6b Slides

Bogota - Anchorage to Concrete Course July

2015

Example Ex T.1 - Continued

ACI 318-14
section

Discussion

Calculation

Step 2: Strength inequalities (continued)

17.2.3.4.4

(a) Nua Nsa (steel)

(b) Nua 0.75 Ncbg (concrete breakout)
(c) Nua 0.75 Npn (pullout)

Step 2a: Anchor ductility

2.3
Terminology

steel element, ductile element

with a tensile test elongation of at
least 14 % and reduction in area of at
least 30 %: steel element meeting
the requirements of ASTM A307 shall
be considered ductile; except as
modified for earthquake effects,
deformed reinforcing bars meeting
the requirements of ASTM A615,
A706, or A955 shall be considered
ductile elements

Anchor manufacturer states in ESR that the

steel is ductile per ACI 318 definition

D. Meinheit - Lecture 6b Slides

Bogota - Anchorage to Concrete Course July

2015

Example Ex T.1 - Continued

ACI 318-14
section

Discussion

Calculation

Step 2b: Concrete splitting

17.4.1.2
Splitting
requirements

17.7.1 Check minimum center-tocenter spacing.

Minimum center to center spacing
of anchors shall be 6da for torqued
post-installed anchors

No edge distance checks needed

Minimum thickness requirements

s = 100 mm
Min s = 6da = 6(12.7) = 76 mm < 100 mm
Min s < s ; No splitting by ACI 318-14
Manufacturer says testing shows
min s = 60 mm
OK

hef 2/3 ha and ha 100mm (17.7.5)

100 2/3 (250) = 166 and 250-100 =150 OK

Step 3: Steel failure tension

Nsa

17.4.1.2

Ase futa

(17.4.1.2)

(17.3.3a)

1.9 fya = 1.9 (580) = 1100 MPa

futa 1.9 fya

futa = 730 1100 MPa OK

futa 860 MPa

= strength reduction factor
(ductile steel)

17.3.3

= 0.75

futa = 730 860 MPa OK

9

Example Ex T.1 - Continued

ACI 318-14
section

Discussion

Calculation

Step 3: Steel failure tension (continued)

17.2.3.4.4

Nsa =

Ase futa

(17.4.1.2)

Nsa = (0.75)(65.0)(730) / 1000

= 35.6 kN

Step 4: Concrete breakout failure

17.4.3.1

Ncbg =
Nb = kc

ANc / ANco
c

(fc

)0.5

(hef

ec,N

ed,N

c,N

cp,N

Nb

)1.5

Equation (17.4.2.1b)
Equation (17.4.2.2a)

kc = 7 (17.4.2.2) (post-installed anchor)

a = 1.0 (17.2.6) (normalweight concrete)
fc = 30 MPa
hef = 100 mm
= 0.65 (17.3.3(ii)) (anchor manufacturer)
ec,N = 1.0 (17.4.2.4) (no eccentricity of
tension relative to anchors)
ed,N = 1.0 (17.4.2.5a) (no edge effect)
c,N = 1.4 (17.4.3.6) (uncracked concrete)
cp,N = 1.0 (17.4.2.7a) (no splitting failure)
10

D. Meinheit - Lecture 6b Slides

Bogota - Anchorage to Concrete Course July

2015

Example Ex T.1 - Continued

ACI 318-14
section

Discussion

Calculation

Step 4: Concrete breakout failure (continued)

Nb = kc

17.4.2.2a

(fc)0.5 (hef)1.5

Nb = 7 (1.0)(30)0.5 (100)1.5/1000
= 38.3 kN

ANco = 9 hef2

ANco = 9 (100)2 = 90000 mm2

ANc = (3hef +s)(3hef)

1.5 hef
150mm

100mm

ANc = (2(150)+100)(2(150))
= 120000 mm2

1.5 hef
150mm

ANc /ANco = 120000/90000 = 1.33

1.5 hef
150mm

1.5 hef
150mm

Ncbg =
c,N

ANc / ANco
cp,N Nb

ec,N

ed,N

Ncbg
= (0.65)(1.33)(1.0)(1.0)(1.4)(1.0)(38.3)
= 46.4 kN

11

Example Ex T.1 - Continued

ACI 318-14
section

Discussion

Calculation

Step 5: Pullout failure

17.4.3

Npn =
cp,n Np,uncracked
(17.4.3.1)
Np must come from anchor
manufacturer
Np = 24.5 kN (Table)
= 0.65
cp,N = 1.0

Npn = 0.65)(1.0)( 24.5) = 15.6 kN

12

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Bogota - Anchorage to Concrete Course July

2015

13

Summary Tension Design

Example
ACI 318M-14 Failure
mode

Earthquake
factors

Nominal
Earthquake Controls?
strength, kN strength, kN

Design Ultinate Load = 11.3 kN

17.4.1.2

Steel

1.0

35.6

35.6

No

17.4.2.1

Concrete
breakout

0.75

33.2

24.9

No

17.4.3

Pullout

0.75

15.9

11.9

Yes

14

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Bogota - Anchorage to Concrete Course July

2015

Homework Problem
Same bracket as in Example T.1 but now the steel bracket is attached to a
wall within 60 mm from the vertical edge of the wall. The horizontal leg of
the bracket is attached to the wall with 2 12 mm diameter wedge anchors
spaced at 100 mm. The embedment depth is 50 mm. fc = 30 MPa. Each
anchor is subjected to dead load, live load, and an earthquake load. The
bracket is attached to a shear wall in the structure, which is in Seismic
Design Category (SDC) C. No supplemental reinforcement is detailed.
Check the adequacy of the post-installed mechanical anchor.

Service loads

Edge of wall

PD = 3 kN
PL = 2 kN
PEq = 1.5 kN
hef = 75 mm
da = 12 mm

Fig. Homework T.1Post-installed anchor attaching bracket tension member to concrete

wall near vertical edge of wall

15

Questions

16

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