James Henry Lane (Union general)

For the Confederate general with the same name, see Osceola, most severely by General Henry Halleck, then
James Henry Lane (Confederate general).
Commander of the Department of Missouri. Of their actions, he would state: The course pursued by those under
James Henry Lane also known as Jim Lane (June 22, Lane and Jennison has turned against us many thousands
who were formerly Union men. A few more such raids
1814 July 11, 1866) was a partisan during the Bleeding
Kansas period that immediately preceded the American will make this State[2]unanimous against us. Thus, Lanes
Brigade was ended.
Civil War. During the war, Lane served as a United States
Senator and as a general who fought for the Union. Al- On December 18, 1861 Lane was appointed brigadier
though reelected as a Senator in 1865, Lane committed general of volunteers. On Mar 21, 1862, his commission
suicide the following year.
was canceled in culmination of an argument over whether
a sitting U.S. Senator could concurrently hold the rank of
General.[3] However on April 11, 1862, he was reinstated
as brigadier general of volunteers with the conrmation
1 Biography
of the U.S. Senate. During 18621863, he served as recruiting commissioner for the State of Kansas.
The son of Amos Lane, Lane was born in Lawrenceburg,
Indiana,[1] where he practiced law when he was admitted On October 2729, 1862, U.S. Senator Jim Lane reto the bar in 1840. During the Mexican-American War, cruited the 1st Regiment Kansas Volunteer Infantry (Colhe successively commanded the 3rd and 5th Indiana Reg- ored) who debuted at the Skirmish at Island Mound. They
iments. He was a U.S. congressman from Indiana (1853 are the rst African-American troops to ght in the war,
a year before the 54th Massachusetts. In their rst action,
1855) where he voted for the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
30 of their members defeated 130 mounted Confederate
He moved to the Kansas Territory in 1855. He im- guerrillas.[4]
mediately became involved in the abolitionist movement in Kansas, and was often called the leader of the Lane was the target of the event that became the
Jayhawkers, a leading Free Soil militant group. After the Lawrence Massacre (or Quantrills Raid) on August 21,
Free Soilers succeeded in getting Kansas admitted to the 1863. Confederate guerillas could be heard shouting,
Union in 1861 as a free state, Lane was elected as one of Remember Osceola!" Though Lane was in residence in
the new states rst U.S. Senators, and reelected in 1865. Lawrence at the time, he was able to escape the attack by
During that time he presided over the Topeka convention. racing through a corneld in his nightshirt.
In 1864 when Sterling Price invaded Missouri, Lane
served as a volunteer aide-de-camp to Samuel R. Curtis,
1.1 Civil War
commander of the Army of the Border. Lane was with
the victorious Union forces at the battle of Westport.
During the American Civil War, in addition to his Senate
service, Lane raised a brigade of "Jayhawkers" known as
the Kansas Brigade, or Lanes Brigade, composed of 2 Death and legacy
the Third, Fourth, and Fifth Kansas Volunteers. He led
this mixed force into action against pro-Southern General Sterling Price of Missouri in the Battle of Dry Wood Lane had survived many hardships in his life, includCreek as Price began an oensive early in the War to re- ing ghting in the Mexican-American War[5]and the Civil
take Missouri for the pro-Confederate state government War. But on July 1, 1866 he shot himself in the head
that had been deposed by pro-Union forces around St. as he jumped from his carriage in Leavenworth, Kansas.
Louis. Lane lost the battle but stayed behind and attacked He was allegedly deranged, depressed, had been charged
pro-South pockets in Missouri behind Price. His raids with abandoning his fellow Radical Republicans and had
culminated in the Sacking of Osceola, in which Lanes been accused of nancial irregularities. He died ten
forces killed at least nine men, then pillaged, looted, and days later near Leavenworth, Kansas, a result of the selfthen burned the town; these events inspired the novel inicted gunshot. Edmund G. Ross was appointed to suc"Gone to Texas" by Forrest Carter, which was the basis ceed him in the Senate.
for the 1976 Clint Eastwood movie "The Outlaw Josey The following places were named in honor of the late senWales". Lane was severely criticized for his actions in ator:
1

6
Lane University
Lane, Kansas
Lane County, Kansas[6]

In popular culture
Jim Lane appears as a character in Wildwood Boys
(William Morrow, New York; 2000), a biographical
novel of Bloody Bill Anderson by James Carlos
Blake.

See also
List of American Civil War generals

References

[1] James Henry Lane. NNB. Retrieved September 26,

2012.
[2] James H. Lane - Grim Leader in the Free-State Fight
[3] Eicher p.338
[4] Border War Timeline, 1861 - 1865: The Civil War
[5] OBITUARY.; James H. Lane, United States Senator
from Kansas.. The New York Times. July 4, 1866. Retrieved 13 June 2009.
[6] Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place
Names in the United States. Government Printing Oce.
p. 180.

External links

James Henry Lane at the Biographical Directory of

the United States Congress Retrieved on 2008-02-19
James Henry Lane. Find a Grave. Retrieved
2008-02-19.
James H. Lane at Territorial Kansas Online
James H. Lane at PBS: New Perspectives on The
West
James H. Lane at NNDB
James H. Lane at Mr. Lincolns White House
Senator Jim at Bull Run

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