Usando ENVI para

extraer elementos
importantes desde
imgenes satelitales y
datos LiDAR
Cherie Muleh
Cherie.Muleh@exelisvis.com

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Extracting Building Features from LiDAR + Optical Data

Agenda
>
>
>
>

Consideration of Data Availability and Usage

Feature Extraction Methods
Applying Methods to Extract Building Features
Future Prospects for Building Feature Extraction

An Abundance of Geospatial Data from which to

Extract Features and Information
Data Types
> Color/IR Orthophotos
> Multi/Hyperspectral
> LiDAR
> SAR

Platforms
> Aerial
> Spaceborne
> Terrestrial
Prospects for future data
> Commercial UAVs

Valuing Remotely Sensed Data as a Source for Features

Imagery is not just a base map, but a source of rich information
that geospatial analysts can use to solve complex problems.
> Provide data availability over broad

and inaccessible areas

> Improve timeliness of data acquisition

> Potentially greater accuracy

> Automated feature extraction for

reduction in manual digitization

> Advanced geospatial analysis using

spectral image properties

Extracting Information from Remotely Sensed Data

Limitations or
Opportunities,
Given the Data Type
Features of Interest
> Vehicles
> Transportation
Networks
> Structures
> Natural Features
> Human Activity

Extracting Information from Remotely Sensed Data

Needs for Feature Extraction
> Increased availability of high-

resolution images
> Manual digitization
> Semi-automated solution is
highly desired
Applications
> Defense and Security
> Transportation
> Urban planning and mapping

Object-Based Image Analysis

What is an object?

An object is a region of interest with

spatial, spectral (brightness and color),
and/or texture characteristics that define
the region

Pixels are grouped into objects, instead

of single pixel analysis

May provide increased accuracy and

detail for classification purposes

Building Extraction Methods using Geospatial Data

Pixel by Pixel
Image

1.0

Water

Pixels
0.5

56
4
3
2
1

Reflectance

0.0
1.0

Veg

0.5

0.0
1.0

Soil

0.5

Group materials based on their

reflectance response per pixel

0.0

Band

> (+) Good for large area-based FX with low-med resolution data
> (-) Poor edge detection without good spectral/spatial resolution;

challenging for building extraction

Building Extraction Methods using Geospatial Data

Object-based Image Analysis

Image
Pixels

Segmented
Objects

Merged
Segmented
Objects

Complex
Building
Features

> Computer vision technique involving image segmentation

> Objects are classified into feature classes based contextual
attributes: spatial, textural and spectral
> Yields accurate building extraction; results and can be model-based

Building Feature Extraction: An Important Aspect

for Understanding an Operational Landscape
For Planning and Risk Identification
> Land use planning
> Zoning, taxation
> Structure inventory
> Material Identification
For Post-event Response
> Disaster assessment
> Response planning
> Reconstruction
monitoring

Buildings are key foundational

data layers for GIS and critical
to decision analytics

Building Extraction Methods using Geospatial Data

Extracting Features from LiDAR Point Clouds
Feature identification: 3D point cloud visualization
> Manual process, but familiar and expedient

Features interpreted from

derivative raster products
> Multi-step process
> Feature delineations from
interpolated height values
> Use results with object-based FX
DSM

Features extracted from Point Clouds

> Requires thicker point clouds
> Based on 3D morphological filters
> Proprietary or custom algorithms

DEM

Height Model

Applying Methods to Extract Building Features

Combining Optical and LiDAR Data for Decision Support
Objective:
> Efficiently extract building footprints
> Use imagery to glean information about the structures that
will provide situational awareness
Process:
> 3D Feature Extraction from hi-res LiDAR to
capture building footprints
> Conduct image processing routines using
buildings as regions of interest
Combine the best of
what LiDAR and image
processing have to offer

Applying Methods to Extract Building Features: LiDAR

Use Advanced 3D Algorithms to Process LiDAR Data

Applying Methods to Extract Building Features: LiDAR

3D LiDAR Extraction Vector and Raster Products
Classified Point Cloud
Trees
> Location, Elevation, Height, Radius
Buildings
> Location, Perimeter Vectors, Roof Face
Vectors

Power Lines
> Power Line Vectors, Power Pole List, Power
Line Attachment Points
Terrain
> Digital Surface Model (Grid and TIN),
Digital Elevation Model, Ground contours
Valuable GIS
Data Layers

Applying Methods to Extract Building Features: LiDAR

Leverage Building Footprints and Elevation Products
Determine Height Model
> Raster data for additional
processing/awareness of
objects in the area

Building Vectors
> Immediate asset inventory
> AOIs for additional processing

DSM

DEM

Height Model

Applying Methods to Extract Building Features: Optical

Image Analysis Methods Using LiDAR-derived Products
Topographic Modeling
> Use raster height model
data to determine roof
slope & aspect on buildings

Spectral Analysis
> Apply object-based FX to
multi/hyperspectral
imagery, using building
footprint ROIs
> Capture additional spectral,
textural, spatial attributes
for additional analysis
opportunities

Height Model

Spectral Image

ROI

ROI

Roof Angle and Slope

Roof Composition

Future Perspective: Building Feature Extraction

Better Data, Better Tools, Better Analysis Results
Improved Point Cloud FX
> Denser data
> MSI/HSI Spectral attribution
> Improved algorithms
Improved Object-Based FX
> Better quality imagery
> Better OBIA models
3D Visualizations & Modeling
> Photorealism & accuracy
> New 3D analysis methods
Convergence of tools and
methods will improve building
FX, regardless of data type
October 23, 2013

17

Thank You

2013 Exelis Visual Information Solutions, Inc.