Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
KETUA PENGARAH
JABATAN PENGAIRAN & SALIRAN MALAYSIA
21 June 2007
CONTENTS
1.
Introduction
Flood Management
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Flood
Management
Options
(b)
Non-Structural
Measures
7.
Drought Management
8.
9.
10.
11.
Drought Monitoring
12.
13.
Drought
Management
Options
(b)
System
(c)
Emergency
Improvements
14.
Drought
Management
Options
Measures
Common Matters
15.
16.
Challenges Ahead
17.
Conclusion
1. Introduction
Malaysia is fortunate that it is not directly affected by
serious
disasters
like
earthquake,
hurricanes,
typhoon,
diseases,
declining
aquatic
biodiversity,
2.
cost
of
damage
in
infrastructures,
bridges,
roads,
construction
of
houses,
properties and
response
developing
emergency
and
economic
impacts
on
the
affected
population.
Essentially, the overall objectives of flood management
should include:
6
i.
ii.
iii.
To look for
opportunities
to
work
with
natural
the
Army
General,
and
related
government
were
agencies
such
as
police,
army,
Malaysia
10
11
6.
12
provides
control
at-source
measures
and
infiltration
and
purification
process,
including
construct;
ii. Replenishing local groundwater supplies using
13
iii. Using
of
Engineers,
Malaysia
(IEM)
for
mandatory
approval
for
earth
works
development plan.
To
date,
some
public
development
projects
have
14
7.
8.
its
freshwater
supply.
This
has
led
to
drought
occurrences in the past with the most notable one being that of
the 1997/98 El Nino related drought which caused extensive
impact to the environment, economic and social activities of
the whole nation. In some parts of the country such as
Selangor, Sarawak and Sabah, the prolong drought resulted in
a lowering of the ground water table especially in peat areas,
and consequently many cases of extensive forest fires. The
local air quality condition became worse because of the thick
haze blown from forest fires both locally and from neighbouring
16
18
Drought Monitoring
Drought
monitoring
is
being
done
continuously
the
DID
hydrological
data,
Malaysia
has
developed
in
future,
drought
forecasting
would
19
to
Pinang
undertake
necessary
water-rationing
The
practical
limit
of
surface
water
resources
22
23
15
as
timber
logging
and
industrial
or
township
are
managed
by
the
Department
of
Local
which
includes
better
flood
and
drought
formulating
body
on
integrated
water
resources
25
16.
Challenges Ahead
16.1 Funding
A tremendous amount of financial allocation will be
needed to carry out an effective flood and drought management
strategy such as physical infrastructure development. This
includes the construction of large dams, canalization of rivers
and building high capacity sewage treatment plants to restore
polluted rivers back to their original clean water quality
26
State
Governments
cannot
afford
the
cost
of
Stormwater
Management
Manual
is
only
However
few
obstacles
surfaced
during
the
27
find
that
maintenance
of
erosion
28
and
streams
are
often
constricted
by
other
29
hydrological
conditions.
Currently,
rivers
are
30
natural
disaster
warning
must
be
immediate,
31
32
freeboard
on
flood
mitigation
works
can
probably
17
Conclusion
33
characteristics.
Without
proper
planning
and
management,
water
34
3 June 2007
35