STRENGTH OF MATERIALS | Doc. Ing. Miroslav Sochor, CSc. 2011 Ceské vysoké ugeni technické v PrazeCeska technika — nakladatelstvi CVUT upozortiuje autory na dodréovani autorskyjch prév. Za jazykovou a vécnou spravnost obsahu dila odpovida autor. Text neprosel jazykovou ani redaken' a grafickou Upravou, Lektor: doc. ng. Stefan Segfa, Ce © Miroslav Sochor, 2001 ISBN 978-80-01-04933-4CONTENTS Contents Preface 7 @pntrodiction 8 1.1 Basic concepts . : . wee sae 8 | 1.1.1 External loads (forces) : 8 1.1.1.1 Types of external forces 8 1.1.1.2 Static equilibrium of external loads ar) 1.1.2 Internal forces; stress in general bodies under general toting conditions 8 1.1.3 Assumptions of solution veces 10 ‘ension and compression n 2.1 Assumptions . 12 | 2.2 Axially loaded bar .... 12 2.3 Normal stress 13 2/4 Stress on an oblique plane under axial loading. 15 2.5 Deformation 16 2.6 Stress-strain curve (mechanical properties of materials) 17 2.6.1 Hooke’s IW os ..escsececeserenees 8 2.6.2 Mechanical characteristics of materials : 19 2.6.3 Factor of safety; strength criterion; allowable stress; limit analysis - 2 2.7 Application of Hooke’s law to deformation computation 23 2.8 Poisson's ratio . 2.9 Relative change in volume 2.10 Principle of superposition of stress and displacements . 311 Various effects influencing the stress and strain assessment in an axially loaded bar 28 2.1141 Variable load 2.11.2 Variable cross-section voeerenees . 2111.3 Bars (cables) of uniform strength eee 31 r 2.12 Strain energy } 2.12.1 Strain energy stored in rods stressed by various type of loading foroey 2.12.2 Bars stressed by impact loading ...........2s6.e2000e a2 (2.13 Castigliano’s theorem .. 37 2.14 Complement . : 40 3. Statically indeterminate uniaxial problems 43 3.1 Definition of statically indeterminate structures . . 3.2 General procedure applied when solving statically indeterminate problems ....-... 43 3.3 Bar attached to rigid supports . 44 3.4 Parallel members connected with a rigid plate 49 3.5 Pin-conected frameworks ........ st 3.6 Problems involving temperature changes ...... : 52 3.7 Various types of statically indeterminate structures composed of uniaxially stressed members se 3.7. Structures having geomelrie defects due to manufacturing inaccuracy 34 3.72 Saal indeterminate scr the econ degree with temperate nfenee. 55 3.753 Additional examples ........ wees 56 rameworks, trusses; application of Castigliano’s theorem 67 f 4.1 Statically determinate frameworks . 67 4.2 Statically indeterminate frameworks 70 4.3 Pre-stressed trusses; truss with a cooled-down member . : n '5)Stress and strain 16 5.1 Types of stress state 2... eeeeeseeees oe tives 76