3.

Flywheel
3.1 a)Whatisaflywheel?Whatisitsuse?
b)Whatareturningmomentdiagram?Whyaretheydrawn?
c)Whatarethedifferencesbetweenflywheelandgovernor?
3.2 Explaintheturningmomentdiagramforthefollowings:
a) Singlecylinderfourstrokecycleofinternalcombustionengine
b) Multicylinderengines
3.3 Adoubleactingsteamenginedevelops56kWofpowerat210rpm.Themaximumandminimumspeedsdonot
varymorethan1%ofthemeanspeedandtheexcessenergyis30%oftheindicatedworkperstroke.
Determinethemassofflywheeliftheradiusofgyrationoftheflywheelis500mm.[992kg]
3.4 Theturningmomentdiagramforapetrol
engineisdrawntoaverticalscaleof870
Tur
1mm=500N.mandahorizontalscaleTmean
nin
of1mm=3.Theturningmoment
g
diagramrepeatsitselfaftereveryhalf26080
mo
revolutionofthecrankshaft.Theareasbcdefg(a)
me
aboveandbelowthemeantorquelinea
nt(
are260,580,80,380,870,and
T)
250mm2.Therotatingpartshavea580380250

massof55kgandradiusofgyration
of2.1m.Iftheenginespeedis1600rpm,0
Crankangle()
determinethecoefficientoffluctuationof
speed.[0.34%]
Tur
3.5 TheturningmomentdiagramforamulticylinderT
mean
nin
enginehasbeendrawntoaverticalscaleof
g
1mm=650N.mandahorizontalscaleof380310242265
mo
1mm=4.5.Theareasaboveandbelowtheacegjk(a)
me
meantorquelineare28,+380,260,+310,bdfh
nt(
300,+242,380,+265and229mm2.The28260300380229
T)
fluctuationofspeedislimitedto1.8%ofthe

meanspeedwhichis400rpm.Thedensityof
therimmaterialis7000kg/m3andwidthofthe02
Crankangle()
rimis4.5timesthethickness.Thecentrifugal
stress(hoopstress)intherimmaterialislimited
to6Nmm2.Neglectingtheeffectofthebossand
arms,determinethediameterandcrosssection
oftheflywheelrim.[d=1.398m,t=51.2mm,b=230.3mm]
3.6 ThespeedvariationofanOttocycleengineduringthe
powerstrokeislimitedto0.8%ofthemeanspeedonTmax
eitherside.Theenginedevelops40kWofpowerata
speedof130rpmwith65explosionsperminute.The
workdoneduringthepowerstrokeis1.5timesthe
Tur
workdoneduringthecycle.Ifthehoopstressinthe
nin
rimoftheflywheelisnottoexceed3.5MPaandtheT
g
mean
widthisthreetimesthethickness,determinethemean
mo
diameterandthecrosssectionoftherim.Assumethat
me
theenergystoredbytheflywheelis1.1timestheenergy0234
nt(T
storebytherimandthedensityoftherimmaterialis
SuctionCompressionExpansionExhaust
)
7300kg/m3.Theturningmomentdiagramduringthe

explosionstrokemaybeassumedtobetriangularin
Crankangle()
shape.[d=3.285m,b=459mm,t=153mm]

3.7 Arivetingmachineisdrivenbyamotorof3kW.Theactualtimetocompleteonerivetingoperationis1.5second
anditabsorbs12kNofenergy.Themovingpartsincludingtheflywheelareequivalentto220kgat0.5mradius.
Determinethespeedoftheflywheelimmediatelyafterrivetingifitis360rpmbeforeriveting.Also,findthenumber
ofrivetsclosedperminute.[323.6rpm,15]
3.8 Apunchingmachinecarriesout6holesperminute.Eachholeof40mmdiameterin35mmthickplaterequires8
N.mofenergy/mm2oftheshearedarea.Thepunchhasastrokeof95mm.Findpowerofthemotorrequiredifthe
meanspeedoftheflywheelis20m/s.Iftotalfluctuationofspeedisnottoexceed3%ofthemeanspeed,determine
themassoftheflywheel.[3.5186kW,2392kg]
akb