Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Contents
Industry Spotlight
Departments
Editorial
Equipment
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Industry News
Announcements and Upcoming Events
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Guest Commentary
Features
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Simulation at Work
Fluent Inc.
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Technology Update
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Designers
Miller Creative Group
info@millercreativegroup.com
Ad Sales Manager
Beth Mazurak
beth.mazurak@ansys.com
Editorial Advisor
Kelly Wall
kelly.wall@ansys.com
Managing Editor
Fran Hensler
fran.hensler@ansys.com
Art Director
Dan Hart
dan.hart@ansys.com
Circulation Manager
Elaine Travers
elaine.travers@ansys.com
Editorial Contributor
Chris Reeves
chris.reeves@ansys.com
ANSYS Solutions is published for ANSYS, Inc. customers, partners and others interested in the field of design and analysis applications.
Neither ANSYS, Inc. nor the editorial director nor Miller Creative Group guarantees or warrants accuracy or completeness of the material contained in this publication. ANSYS,
ANSYS Workbench, CFX, AUTODYN, FLUENT and any and all ANSYS, Inc. product and service names are registered trademarks or trademarks of ANSYS, Inc. or its subsidiaries
located in the United States or other countries. ICEM CFD is a trademark licensed by ANSYS, Inc. All other trademarks or registered trademarks are the property of their respective
owners. POSTMASTER: Send change of address to ANSYS, Inc., Southpointe, 275 Technology Drive, Canonsburg, PA 15317 USA.
2006 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Satellite Components
20 CFD Simulation
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Tech File
Running Solutions from Macros
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Editorial
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Industry News
Recent Announcements
and Upcoming Events
ANSYS Chosen as CAE Software for Chinese
Mechanical Design Engineer Qualification
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Industry News
Upcoming Events
EuroBLECH 19th International Sheet Metal
Working Technology Exhibition
Hanover, Germany
October 24 28, 2006
www.euroblech.com
24th CADFEM Users Meeting
Stuttgart, Germany
October 25 27, 2006
www.usersmeeting.com/index.21.0.html
ANSYS Users Conference
San Miguel de Allende, Mxico
October 26 27, 2006
www.grupossc.com
MicroMachine Conference
Tokyo, Japan
November 7 9, 2006
www.cybernet.co.jp
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ANSYS Solutions
Industry Spotlight
From small job shops to giant superfactories and processing plants, facilities throughout the
supply chain use production equipment to turn raw materials into products in the automotive,
aerospace, telecommunications, electronics, heavy equipment, consumer products,
petrochemical, pharmaceutical and food processing sectors, and even in service industries
such as data processing, finance and insurance.
Images courtesy Hatch Australia.
Factory and
Plant Equipment
By Achuth Rao
Product Manager
ANSYS, Inc.
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ANSYS Solutions
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Industry Spotlight
ANSYS Workbench was used at Robo-Technology in developing a system in which two precision robots work together in ultrasonic
testing of helicopter parts up to six meters in length.
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of mill behavior for scale-up of the design and also has
generally enhanced mill operation.
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Industry Spotlight
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is a requirement to keep energy consumption low and
thus minimize operating costs.
Engineers at Husky met these challenges with
ANSYS Workbench and ANSYS DesignSpace tools.
The integrated solutions provided efficient contact
representation for complex nonlinear assembly
analysis, additional pre-analysis in construction
and the benefit of common simulation methods in
the various types of analyses. Engineers report
that analyses formerly taking a week now can be
completed in just half a day. This level of increased
analysis efficiency is said to enable development
teams to achieve better machine quality and greater
innovation in products such as the companys new
Reflex platens.
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Image courtesy
Sheffield University.
On May 1, 2006, ANSYS, Inc. announced the completion of the acquisition of Fluent Inc., headquartered in
Lebanon, New Hampshire. Fluent is a global provider
of computer-aided engineering (CAE) products that
utilize computational fluid dynamics (CFD) principles
and techniques to enable engineers and designers to
simulate fluid flow, heat and mass transfer, and related
phenomena involving turbulent, reacting and multiphase flow. This acquisition reaffirmed the ANSYS
commitment to providing the open interface and
flexible simulation solutions that customers require.
What follows is some background information
to help you get better acquainted with the newest
member of the ANSYS family.
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Industry-Leading Technology
The broad physical modeling capabilities of FLUENT
technology have been applied to industrial applications ranging from air flow over an aircraft wing to
combustion in a furnace, from bubble columns to
glass production, from blood flow to semiconductor
manufacturing, from clean room design to wastewater
treatment plants. The ability of the software to model
reacting flows, aeroacoustics, turbulence, moving
meshes and multiphase systems has served to broaden
its reach. Today, thousands of companies throughout
the world benefit from using FLUENT software.
The suite of Fluent CFD products includes
FLUENT, FIDAP and POLYFLOW for CFD analysis;
FloWizard, a rapid flow modeling tool that allows
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CFD is becoming critical to the furnace design process, particularly as environmental regulations become more stringent. To help meet
these regulations, John Zink Company selected FLUENT software to assist in modeling flames for a vertical cylindrical furnace used in
an oil refinery. By using FLUENT, engineers were able to improve fuel mixing in order to decrease NOx production and maintain flame
height within the desired parameters. CFD modeling provided a proposed solution (right) to reduce burner interactions that had caused
increased flame height (left).
Image courtesy John Zink Co.
Moving Forward
ANSYS and Fluent always have had much in
common. Now, the goals each company had for
the future are shared, and progress toward
these goals can be accelerated and fulfilled to the
benefit of customers. As in the past, ANSYS will
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Analyzing Composites
for Satellite Components
Researchers used ANSYS technology to study the behavior of a
composite housing for electronic circuits and quickly developed a
design nearly 30 percent lighter than a comparable aluminum structure.
By Harri Katajisto
R&D Engineer
Componeering Inc.
Helsinki, Finland
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Figure 5. The same ANSYS model was used for both structural
and thermal analysis in determining characteristics such as
the thermal balance of the laminate structures and mode
shapes of the system.
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The new rotor was fabricated by a local manufacturer in Peru, and field test data was obtained.
A revised and more accurate CFD model also was
created, which took into account parameters and
geometry changes that were not included in the
preliminary simulations.
The revised CFD simulations had reasonable
agreement with the field test results for the power
output in the low-speed range. However, in the
high-speed range (above 1200 rpm), the results tend
to overpredict the power output when compared
to the field tests. The flow rate through the turbine
also is underpredicted by the CFD simulations by
approximately 10 precent. Further investigation is
currently under way to determine the effect of changes
to the ANSYS CFX model, including roughness
effects, leakage losses through the hydrodynamic
seal and cavitation modeling.
Ongoing Research
ANSYS CFX software has been used successfully to
analyze and identify an operational problem with the
original prototype turbine for the project. Furthermore,
the software has proved to be a valuable design tool in
the process of developing and analyzing possible new
rotor geometries for the turbine. At the time of writing,
the turbine was producing approximately 4kW of electrical
power on site at a turbine efficiency of 65 percent.
Ongoing research aims to further improve the turbine
design and complement the existing CFD and
field-test results with detailed laboratory testing.
ANSYS Solutions
Guest Commentary
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Simulation at Work
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Simulation at Work
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Weight-Optimized Design
of a Commercial Truck Front
Suspension Component
Engineers at Dana Corporation use topology optimization features
of ANSYS Mechanical software to reduce upper control arm weight
by 25 percent while maintaining required stiffness and strength.
Headquartered in Toledo, Ohio, Dana Corporation is
a leading supplier of parts and assemblies to the
automotive industry. The company designs and
manufactures a wide range of products for every
major vehicle producer in the world and has twice
received the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality
Award, which recognizes U.S. businesses that
demonstrate outstanding quality and performance.
Dana is focused on being an essential partner to
automotive, commercial and off-highway vehicle
companies, which collectively produce more than
60 million vehicles annually.
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Starting with an initial mesh (left), the ANSYS topology optimization routine automatically eliminates elements with stiffness below
a specified threshold (right). The result is an analysis model consisting only of the elements needed to maintain the required stiffness
with minimal material. (Patent-pending design)
Simulation at Work
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Developing Construction
Products with Better Fire
Performance
ANSYS tools provide models to accurately simulate
the complex physics of a building fire.
By Yulian Spasov, Ph.D., Corus Research Development and Technology, Rotherham, UK
and Yehuda Sinai, Ph.D., ANSYS Europe Ltd., Abingdon, UK
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Comparison with experimental data. Groups A and B (top left and right) thermocouples are
located near the ceiling at the back and middle of the compartment, while Group C (bottom
left and right) thermocouples are located inside the compartment, just behind the column.
References
B.R. Kirby, D.E. Wainman, L.N. Tomlinson, T.R. Kay, B.N.
Peacock, Natural Fires in Large Scale Compartments, a
British Steel Technical, Fire Research Station collaborative
project, 1994.
GME Cooke, Tests to Determine the Behaviour of Fully
Developed Natural Fires in a Large Compartment, Fire
Note 4, Building Research Establishment Ltd., Fire
Research Station, 1994.
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Technology Update
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Bringing High-Performance
Computing to the Mainstream
Microsoft Windows Compute Cluster Server lets engineers and
analysts easily deploy, operate and manage workstation networks
that, until now, only IT professionals could set up.
By Kyril Faenov
Director, High Performance Computing Group
Microsoft Corporation, U.S.A.
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In 1991, the cost of a 10 Gflop Cray supercomputer was $40 million; the computers were available
only in government labs, very large corporations or
academic research institutions. Today, that same 10
Gflop computing power is available in a four-node
compute cluster that can be bought off-the-shelf
for $4,000.
This proliferation of HPC has an enormous effect
on research and industry, making it possible to solve
problems that simply couldnt be attempted before.
But it also presents challenges for both vendors and
consumers of HPC.
challenge is to provide an installation and management experience that doesnt distract from the reason
for the cluster in the first place without requiring
major IT resources that would change both the
economics and the immediacy of the interaction that
are driving this proliferation.
Another area of concern is security. When HPC
was a single supercomputer with carefully controlled
and allocated access, security was inherent in the
process: The system was physically isolated and had
no direct connection to corporate or other networks.
Each researchers job ran as a discrete, self-contained
batch job. Todays HPC compute cluster often is
directly connected to the corporate network, and it is
shared across a diverse group of scientists, engineers
or analysts. Individual jobs may use only a portion of
the cluster at any one point, with other jobs running
simultaneously on other nodes in the cluster. Security
must be built in to the overall HPC environment to
protect the integrity of the cluster and the individual
jobs that run on it, as well as the corporate network on
which it resides.
Networking
Windows CCS 2003 has a four-step wizard that easily configures networking, deploys compute nodes without IT intervention
and manages cluster users.
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Technology Update
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Summary
The wide availability of compute clusters running
on commodity hardware is driving the proliferation
of high-performance computing. Microsoft Windows
Compute Cluster Server 2003, working with
applications such as Distributed ANSYS, provides
a high-performance computing platform that is
simple to deploy, operate and integrate with existing
infrastructure and tools.
For More Information
Tech File
Running Solutions
from Macros
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Tech File
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Working with
Coupled-Field Elements
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Piezoelectricity
In piezoelectric materials, structural and electric fields
are coupled so that an applied voltage generates a
strain (and vice versa). Consequently, piezoelectric
ceramics are used as transducers to convert electrical
energy to a mechanical response or as sensors to convert mechanical energy to an electrical signal.
Mechanical stress {T} and strain {S} are related to
electric displacement {D} and electric field {E} via the
following constitutive equations:
Piezoresistivity
For piezoresistive materials, an applied mechanical
stress or strain causes a change in the materials
resistivity for use as sensors, for example, in which a
mechanical load affects the electrical signal.
The electrical resistivity [ ] is related to stress
as follows:
Description of terms:
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Description of terms:
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Thermoelectricity
In thermalelectric applications, two types of coupling
are present. Joule heating is an irreversible process
occurring when current flows through material with
electrical resistance, proportional to the current
squared and independent of the current direction:
Description of terms:
Thermoelasticity
Thermoelectricity consists of the reversible
Seebeck, Peltier and Thomson effects.
The Seebeck effect, defined by the coefficient ,
relates a temperature gradient with a potential
difference. An example application is MEMS power
generation converting heat to electrical power:
Description of terms:
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