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INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
1.
This examination paper contains FOUR (4) questions and comprises FIVE (5)
printed pages.
2.
3.
4.
5.
PAGE 2
ME4213/ME4213E
QUESTION 1
(a)
In the space-lab, the gravity is of the order of 10-6g and scientific experiments are
conducted under such microgravity environment. g is the acceleration due to gravity on
Earth. However, because of disturbances caused by human activities, mechanical
actuators and so on, the acceleration due to gravity in space can be as high as 10-3g.
Design a spring-damper isolating system for a 2 kg experimental module to reduce
10-3g to 10-6g within the frequency range 0.1 to 0.6 Hz. Assuming the damping ratio is
z = 0.2.
(10 marks)
(b)
List two beneficial and negative effects when viscous damper is added to spring
isolator.
(6 marks)
(c)
What is the transmissibility of the system given in Figure 1, assuming the motion of the
mass m is x.
(9 marks)
y=Ysint
k1
k2
Fig. 1
Figure 1
PAGE 3
ME4213/ME4213E
QUESTION 2
(a)
Figure 2
(b)
a
h
O
O
Figure 3
PAGE 4
ME4213/ME4213E
QUESTION 3
A cart of mass M is connected to a rigid wall via a spring of spring constant K and is free to
move on a smooth surface with rollers. A pendulum of length L and mass m is connected to
the cart via a revolute joint at A and is free to swing about the joint. A student immediately
identified the system as a two-degree-of-freedom system and defined the two coordinates as x
and to describe the motion of the combined system (Figure 4).
(a)
Draw the force diagram and use the Newtons method to derive the two equations of
motion.
(10 marks)
(b)
Derive the expressions for the kinetic energy and potential energy of the system and
then use the Lagranges method to derive the same set of equations of motion.
(8 marks)
(c)
If M = m and g/L = K/M, derive the characteristic equation and then determine the
two natural frequencies. g is the gravitational acceleration.
(7 marks)
Figure 4
PAGE 5
ME4213/ME4213E
QUESTION 4
A student tried to repeat the singing rod experiment mentioned in class by getting an
aluminum rod from the vibration and dynamics lab and then measured the frequency of the
generated sound. The aluminum rod had a diameter of 1 cm and a length of 1.6 m. The
Youngs modulus of the aluminum rod was found to be 70 x 109 N/m2 and the density was
2710 kg/m3.
(a)
He first held the rod precisely at its mid-point with thumb and index finger of one
hand, and then pulled the rod along its length, toward one of its ends with the thumb
and index finger of the other hand. What would be the frequency (in Hz) of the
fundamental mode?
(10 marks)
(b)
He then clamped the rod at one end and then pulled the rod along it length towards the
other end. What would be the frequency (in Hz) of the fundamental mode?
(10 marks)
(c)
Not satisfied with the sound that he had heard, he decided to get another aluminum
rod of the same length but with a smaller diameter of 0.8 cm and then repeated the
first experiment described in (a). What would be the frequency (in Hz) of the
fundamental mode for this aluminum rod of smaller diameter?
(5 marks)
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