IWMH

TO

THE

GOVERNMENT

AND

RKPRESKNTID

SENOR

BY

THBIR

don

VOLUME

OF

ILLUSTRIOUS

general

THIS

PEOPLE

IS

HONDURAS,

PRESIDENT,

BOGRAN,

LUIS

AFFECTIONATELY

"tAUtltA
BY

WHO

TO

THE

TAKES

THIS

KINDNESS

OPPORTUNITY

AND

IN

THE

HIS

HOSPITALITY

SOJOURNINGS

AUTHOR,

OF

GRATEFULLY

ALWAYS

AMONGST

TESTIFYING

RECEIVED

BY

HIM

THEM.

""#

CONTENTS.

PAGE

Dedication

Prefatory

Statement

of informatioo.

Sources

CHAPTER
Introduction

I.
7

Geographical features

Chief cities

Routes

"

"

and

of

mode

tiaveL
II.

CHAPTER
Historical

Outline

18

Spanish tyranny

^Independence Civil conflicts

"

"

CHAPTER
Climate.

Dr.

"

The

of health

III.

Henry Timm
and

wet

the

36

dry

seasons

Natural

"

Condition."

Constitutions

Rules

"

to

IV.
Wilson

/Vi"y^B,
Schools

"

Concessions
and

attractions

Precautionarymeasures.

"

CHAPTER
PouTiCAL

Peace.

"

inrestors

New

"

35

....

Culture

"

National

"

roadway

progress
Securityof person

"

"

property.
CHAPTER

Agricultural

Resources

V.
Natural

and

Products
*

Cotton

"

Coffee

Sugar-cane
"

Vegeuble fibres" Cattle"

Fruits

"

Mining

Industry."

woods

Past

VL
History

56

....

Placer-mining Hand-labor
"

Council

of the Indies

Early records

"

Primitive

"

methods

CHAPTER
The

Industry.

Mining

Obstructions

"

of 1799
Pay streaks"
"

"

The
Sanu

"

Ljcta

"

Population

"

"

Menoa

VIL

Contemporary
water

43

"

Opals.

CHAPTER
The

Precious

"

line
"

"

History
Posas

Mina

Smelting^ Iron

"

Grande"
"

63

Ventilation
Native

"

Petition
men
work-

Quicksilver.

^n

CHAPTER

VIII.

Information

GE.NERAL

jj

iUiI*M"'pro)eci""01iacbo"

Rosario

The

Lead

mine"

maa

PresiJenI

fuel

and

"

Heat

Character

disease"

and

Mines

of

Eichangc"

development-

Why

Cost

of

Outlook.

IX.

Government

the

Formalian

of

syndicate"

"

Iti

caran"

situation,

wealth"

mineral

chinery"
ma-

Gradual

"

CHAPTER

t'olicy

N*w

Trade"

?"

labor

of

attilude"

natives"

Ibe

eihaustcd"

not

TbeAni

mine"

Bogtan's

early

trade,

Calvo's

Results

adventure"

Yus-

Discovery

history"

of

of

Growth
"

the

Chief

camp

The

ures

"

nugget

great

improvements-

Inlernecine

veins"

"

scheme"

New

Coocluding

"

Men

struggles"

General

awakening

nrtfs
Recent

desertion"

Social

activity"

to

feat-

staiemcDL

ILLUSTRATIONS.+

Kmive

Hijt

Indian

Freutispitci
''

VVSCARAH

Tegl'cicalpa

'.

ROAb'M.VKJNC

TuNNEa.-

San

34

'43

Viixagb

Antonio

i8

Mine

Antonio

Sas

'

MOUNTAIKS

THI

'
,

5S

"

Hoi;sE"QuEMASoKES

Shaft

VuscARAN

Mine"

Native

Vat"

Concentrating

70

Awalgauatinc

Methci[""

'
.

Native

'

'

61

'
.

Orb,

Process"

"Patio

'

60

Erecting

Machikbrt

Mink,"

"Guaya^ilij^s

Shaft.

at

'88

VvscARAN

San

Bij-uU

Mines

Antonio

Th"
In

illuilniioni
HoQdiiraL

an

Th"

rron

ilicKhn

pcn-uiil-iali

fieniitpicc*

[mn

"

pholDcnpk,"

photofTaphi

from
T.

R.

L.

ulia

100

bjr

f///J^yf/-r///_/^

PREFACE.

GONSIDERABLE

agricultural

of

Honduras.

The

facts

relative

republic

so

to

important

assuming
particular

But

in

these

might

to

be

glad,

opportunities

of

for

of

their

is

the

as

ure,
advent-

of

pictures.

pen-

tint

prevailing
of

works

mere

attention

of

warrant,

to

investment

the

There

and

the

aside

sufficient

of

summary

pages.

renders

serious

upon

short

this

characteristics

which

set

and

meet

exploration,

scope

rose

the

engage

To

distinctive
the

be

to

the

ment
state-

interesting

so

succeeding

the

records,

rather

plain

want.

travel,

de

similar

than

traveler,

ofifer

the

couleur

liable

to

within

region

and

positive

the

of

some

once

in

late

resources

for

at

of

embrace

familiar

the

writers

who

books

to

desire

in

found

certain

extant

this

beg

be

to

mineral

and

of

manifested

been

subject

become

publishers

information

are

to

has

the

want

has

the

regard

of

interest

these

tales

of

any

persons

avail

selves
them-

in

capital

of

the

that

locality.
It

does

indeed

may

not

and

actual

been

taken

such

character,
for

details,

the

to

in

of

to

eliminate

as

might

all

of

subject

requirements

hand.

With

has

of

the

data

information

of

have

afforded

otherwise

sents
pre-

treatment

the

reliable

furnishing

volume

present
the

Fullness

facts

view

the

although

features.

of

in

clearly

that

throughout

knowledge

kept
has

varied

subordinated

been

remarked
into

largely

enter

many

be

object

only,

an

care

doubtful

material

expansion.
For

grateful

the

facts

acknowledgment

from

this

which

is

hereby

book

has

made

compiled,

been

to

the

several

PREFACE.

who

gentlemen

gathered

in

bring

the

covering

Honduras,

reader

almost

as

With

and

this

assisting

book

their

of

confidence

the

object,

she

an

will

oflfers

ha^

of

those

Among

writing

special

the

her

desires

editor

J.

Foster

the

successful

and

gradual

which

them,

of

resources.

assisted

to

other

particularly

D.,

George

name

Messrs.

S.

Evans.

both

work,

and

them,

chapters

to

and

this

in

credited

which

and

she

natural

chapters

M.

tion
dissemina-

opportunities

the

this

obscurity

the

appreciation

have

who

Timro,

Henry

of

the

For

of

than

great

from

YBluMedaia

dormant

practical
issue

other

no

development

Thomas

from

understanding

have

lain

long

in

result

can

attainment

full

emerge

intelligent

of

tion
declaraa

will

Honduras

so

Esq.,

the

new

which

the

with

forth

put

record

upon

that

ing
encourag-

publishers

time
same

the

bear

of

object

the

the

at

will

they

avowed

investigation,

such

placing

the

Honduras

of

that

to

as

publication.

of

attractions

peculiar

investment,

for

investigation.

closest

in

field

hour

personal

recent

so

very

the

their

of

period

the

to

are

to-day,

time

the

material,

requisite

the

during

substantial

So

furnished

themselves

by

residence

kindly

have

in

Henry

ing
furnish-

compiled,

were

Floyd

in

B.

Leeds,

Wilson,

Jr.,

THE

NEW

HONDURAS.

CHAPTER

I..

INTRODUCTION.

i^

DAY'S

^f^

the

vegetation

the

growths

noxious

the

the

past

miles

the

flourish, and

fact

and

as

the

only

ofiFspring

formation

Honduras

the

of

does

artistic

an

not

to

to

its

Features.~Lying
13^

16^

and

less

reality
further

by

the

an

The
about

that

and

altitude
country
of

the

by

strip

rapid

rise

State

an

of

of

area

Ohio.

of

of

geological

latitudes
it is in

90^ west,
Mexico

situated

accounted

of

surface
of

square

its greatest

for

along

swamp-land

of

the

48,000
In

the

latitude.

readily

existence

the

precluding
has

is

This

narrow

the

and

portions

some

north.

descriptions

between

83^

longitudes

than

the

comparatively
coast,

to

and

tropical

towards

either
try

north,

the

as

exuberant

the

in vivid

is due

than

countless
well

as

pine

palms.

present

fancy,

rather

country

of

figuring

often

too

of

variety

north,

the

the

hillsides,

fbr

mountain
for

enough

encourage

the

endless

an

to

as

clothe

land

the

on

and

sun.

low

and

plateaus

of

rank

the

of
the

forty

is low

equable

nigh

that

characteristics

high

among

so

well

cac/i

The

and

coast

the

of
rays

coast,

character

orderly

the

tion
vegeta-

the

near

than

by

temperature

yet

which

abundant

up

the

of

semi-tropical

and

belt, covering

south

rise

we

of
zones

penetrable

the

Here

valleys.

rather

mahogany

on

straightway

tropical
river-banks

who

one

growth

the

temperate

barely

luxuriant

the

to

disappoint

adorn

along

partakes

of

jungle

Once

to

there

Excepting

will

Honduras

supposed

commonly
countries.

orchids

find

to

expects

twenty

in

journey

the

coun*

soil

humid

miles,

length

or

from

^"""liwY^

THE

east

to

to

the

it

covers

Atlantic

Biujo

distance

of

the north
; eastward

of

elevated

ridges.
feet

is

San

or

table-land.

above

level.

sea

and

east

divisions of the country.

the

of the 'Mivide"

the

the west.

shows

ries
se-

mountain

altitude

an

south,

public
thrivingre-

on

and

of

ofiF the

8,000
of

principal range

west, marks

two

the

great

to

the

are

Of

the

On

section.

northern

wide

plains of
uplands

Barbara, heavily timbered

Santa

; to

the

savannas

crow

the broad

topography

The

fertile valleys and

the

the

as

the

ritory
these,the wider extent of terand
to agriculture
larger districts devoted

cattle-raising
belong
and

Its

of the latter rise to

Cordilleras,running
and

while

from

and

lies conveniently adjacent

peaks

more,

miles

175

Salvador

Atlantic,

Guatemala,

width,

Bay of Honduras

plateaus, broad

Some

The

republicof Nicaragua

the

of Guatemala
Honduras

miles.

the

on

line of

boundary

388

lies the

of Fonsecaand

Bay

the

on

Pacific,is about

to the

coast

flies. To

the

de

north

Cape Gracias-a-Dios

from
/./.,

west,
Cerro

HONDURAS.

NEW

of

Yoro,
and

Comayagua

rich

and

this side
and

Olancho

in

and

grasses

shrubbery.
Innumerable

only

in

streams

exceptional
draining

Guayape,

performing

of Truxillo

navigable only
in their

the

Olancho

great

as

to

the

the verge

windings they

of the

traverse

the

; and

finding its
These

River.

Roman

; the

country

Barbara
and

of Yoro

thus

far

Ulua,

Aguan,

outlet

ward
east-

streams

are

district ; yet

mountainous

even

The

distances.

short

for

like service for Santa

the mountains

risingin

and

cases

districts,navigable

these

water

considerable

territory.
South

importance
several
and

the Cordillera

of

streams

Tegucigalpa.

Fonscca, south
over

from

It has

of the

the

the

the

contributions

mountains

southerly course

island of Tigre.

Bay islands

river of special

one

Choluteca, receivingthe

is the

smaller

range,

off the

of
to

Honduras

north

coast,

of

Choluteca

Bay of
has jurisdiction

the

as

well

as

tmmmm

M^

^w"

INTRODUCTION.

Tigre

the islands of

over

Grande, in the Bay of

Sacate

and

Fonseca.
In this southern

and

Sula, Truxillo, Yuscaran

Pedro

San

points

the

are

trade

of

centres

Santa

Barbara,

Juticalpa,Santa

Comayagua,

galpa,
Teguci-

section the principalcities are

Rosa,
These

Amapala.

and

for

commerce

the

country.
first

The

above
Rio

mentioned, Tegucigalpa, is

Comayagua
at

population is estimated

Its

Grande.

present

some

a population of
period of its history,it was
the
tion midway between

than
and

it is

to-day.
Chiquito.

the

The

oceans,

Juticalpa, situated

the

about

on

wide

Department

of

Spanish
At

early

an

important

an

venturers,
ad-

sta^

more
populous
rivers,the Comayagua

in the western

in the

Guayape.

These

part

district,

Olancho

places

have

inhabitants.

Yuscaran, situated
a

plain,

chroniclers

far

trade

; and

mining affairs,the

of

town

4,000

of

centre

Rosa

In

two

are

the

40,000.

and

level

Old

by

undoubtedly

of this section is Santa

each

less than

no

it

Near

founded

was

the

and

12,000.
on

8,000 inhabitants.

this city,which

assign to

at

is advantageously located

feet

3,000

level,at the junction of the Rio Chiquito

sea

has

and

about

present
on

the

of

seat

slope of

activityis
mountain

the

looking
over-

pleasantvalley. It is the capitalof the

Paraiso,and its people are mainly employed

and

in the mining industry.

San
to

Puerto

Sula

Cortex,

derives its importancefrom

forty miles distant.

some

great quantitiesof fruit

Cortez
United
at

Pedro

States.

San

Pedro

the foot of the mountain

d^p6t

of

country.

supplies for

the

are

its nearness
From

Puerto

annually shipped to the

the plain of Sula,
on

is situated
range
northern

of Santa
and

Barbara.

western

It is

part of the

looking
ports of entry is Truxillo,overthe little Bay of Truxillo, formed
by the projection

One

of the chief

of Point Castilla into the

Atlantic

Hence

are

exported

the

"^

^mm
"muf

10

THE

the

base

of

of

Bay

of

is

bay

entrance

from

the

towering

picturesque

between

sea

at

the

beautiful

the

the

of

it.

Amapala

and

chief

found

in

Their

quantity

the

their shells

the

The

in

These
found

around

and

lobsters

flavor.

island

The

in the
it

Tigre,

bay.

It

that

was

operations in
These

of

the

smaller

South

importance,

occupation

and

New
are

long

of

his

herons,
oysters

bays.

islands

the

of

of

the

by

nary
ordi-

excellent

of

and

and

held

are

size

the

are

piles of

Huge

abundant.
is the

lofty cone,
favorite

Europe

dependent

York,
also

huge

had

most

of

resort

portant
im-

pirates.

his famous

d6pdt, during

Sea.

cities

commercial

about

are

was

Drake

the

shores

the

of

cranes,

"

beds

of
on

its shores

appreciation they

what

oysters

Crabs

in

and

along

variety

as

the

point

ports

inexhaustible.

be

to

stand

fish, and

Large

waters

seems

scattered

the natives.

in

"c.

curlews,

mainland,, showing

on

It is

is carried

trade

commercial

abounds

bay

shallow

are

direct

variety of water-fowl,

every

ports

whatever

from

scene,

beholds

with

finest

continent.

mighty harbor, completing

this

character

pelicans, ducks,

of

but

Honduras
the

in each

sustenance

case

they
to

in

somewhat

vary

trade

foster
a

furnishes

population

of

thousands.

Political

cupies
oc-

Tigre,

large islands

Several

within

America.

swarm

known

It

Its
long, by thirty in s^verage width.
is about
eighteen miles wide, between

traveler

the

several

side.

of

the

of

one

American

the

mountains.

moored

though

question
of

coast

fiftymiles

of

Here

island

overlooking

and

volcano,

beyond

Pacific

upwards

and

the

is

Amapala

Pacific

Fonseca.

This

view

on

of

town

the

position on

extinct

low

entire

two

Honduras

commanding
a

The

region.

western

only sea-port
a

the

this

of

products

HONDURAS.

NEW

as

the

Divisions.

Departments

"

Of
of

these

there

Tegucigalpa,

are

eleven,

Comayagua,

"

m^

11

INTRODUCTION.

Barbara, Copan, Gracias,

Olancho, Colon, Choluteca, Santa

Paraiso, La

The

Intibuca.

and

Paz

important

most

Some
Paraiso and Olancho.
Tegucigalpa,
concerning these three departments

are,

information

The

the commercial

the

risingfrom

Honduras,

capitalcityis given above.

the

of the whole

taken

capitalis located, enclosed

thousand

three

to

two

of

districts of Central

province.

department is a plateau known

this

interior of

Portero, where

yet been

perhaps the
republic. It includes

government

mineral

populationof
as

of

seat

famous

most

has

census

and

centre

The

America.

the divisions of the

of

of the

some

The

division
sub-

undergone

late,but is stillthe third in size and

important

No

Tegucigalpa has

of

department
of

and

additional
will therefore

of interest to the reader.

be

most

as

wealth, and .agricultural

ces
resour-

mineral
regards population,

feet

EI

as

by mountains
above

its

own

is

remarkably cool and salubrious,

being compared with that of a perennialspring-time.
The
name
Tegucigalpa is a Spanish corruption of an

level

Here

Indian

word

around

the
as

of

Santa

the climate

of silver ;" and the hills

signifying"mountains
dance
yielded preciousmetal in such abun-

city have

to

warrant

VFila Nueva,
Santa

Anna,

El
and

chief

The

appellation. Here are the minerals

Antonio, Los Angeles, Guasucaran,
Plomo,
Cedros, San Juan de Cantaranas,
the

San

Lucia,

Barrajanas.
of

resources

agriculturaladvantages
of

the

not

this

official statistical records, kept

of the

city,the mines

immense
the

no

processes
other

found

rikMfei

so

known
many

of

on

file among

mineral, the
as

in other

tions
sec-

According

to

the archives

adjacent territoryhave yielded

and
that too under
silver,
crudest
possiblesystems of mining

of the

of
quantities

of
disadvantages

and

marked

described.

elsewhere

country

region are

being so

gold and

the

reduction.

Indeed

it is believed

region of equal territorial extent are

veins bearing the precious metals.

"M

that in
to

be

The

"^

mmm

12

THE

NEW

HONDURAS.

principalqualitiesat present extracted are those ores known

as
sulphuret and galena. It is true that to-day the native
workmen
produce but comparatively insignificantresults,
'

but

is

this fact

owing

ready

reduction

and

former

days, does

admit

of the

this region by

although

Though

formation

rock

of this

itself is most

Lucia

evidence

unmbtakable

of

pectationthat it would

viewed

the

from

water-supply for

all

both

is the
either

these

chieflyof

houses

mineraU^
the

kind

is known

banks

show

the

the southern

the

and

ore.

northern

water-

power

villageor pueblo of

terraced, and

and

brightlyin

shine

furnishes

ex-

ing
of min-

centre

permanent

paved

It bears
in the

An

old

the

town

the sun,

aqueduct,
with

its

ordinary purposes.
About

Antonio

San

side of

fabulous,

Lucia

whose

adjacent hills.

exist.

similar conditions

royaltiesfrom

of

distinct veins of

miles beyond is the Los

Twenty

of

one

country.

almost

Santa

The

a
are

Spaniards,still

built by the

southwest

form

whole

situated.
picturesquely
been
founded
having

streets

adobe

washed

of

in time past
the

of

by limestone

become

operations.The
the white

response

particularregion ;

mines.

the

proximityto

in close

on

and

river provides abundant

This

by porphyry.

one

oldest

Chiquito,

side being characterized

when

of

hundred

two

the Rio

by

of

in the records.

are

less than

no

terial
ma-

methods

Tegucigalpa lies the

north

scarcelya league square,

It is bisected

of

proper

Spain, seems

of

crown

the facts

to contain

twofold

the

operation

doubt

received in the

of wealth

amount

Santa

richlyproductive districts

most

The

of

miles

example, seven
Lucia mine, one

an

the generous

to encourage

not

of

abundance

only awaiting

For
Santa

primitivemode
there is

That

hand, and

to

mining

the

their

to

desultory efforts.

and

where
Angeles district,

the

mine,

ridge containing

large quantities of
known

as

distance

same

with

two

the
ore

to

the

settlements,

ore-body. In
in sight,
are

argentiferous
galena.

The

1*11

iN^*

18

INTRODUCTION.

veins

high

is

above

far

the

this

limits

is

that

the

town

of

Yuscaran,

OlanchOy
in

about

the

In
of

gold

who

its

for

months

consist

into

believe

the
of

consideration

have

of

kept

emment,

up
to

control

the

coast,

this

character
themselves

although

matters

of

nine

tions
obstrucThese

divide

points.

is

are

remarkable

to

reason

the

delay
it

their

water-ways

good

which

the

As

natural

long

not

such

which

size,

Lest

of

depth

removed.

be

there

improvement,

landing

During

various

will

government

for

in

of

the

and

readily

the

one

ing
workfamous

average

greater,

at

tomed
accus-

been

season.

great

no

channels

Restive
of

is

women,
are

has

The

dry

might

of

plishment
accom-

had

has

under

time.

some

inhabitants

The

diness

rocks

open

that

the

depth
exist

as

of

in

gold.

alternately

from

day.

its

quantities
Indian

Guayape

sands,

famous

placer

system,"

manner,

of

present

the

year

interior

the

this

bed

feet

narrow

will

removal

the

three

merely

course

river

to

the

in

living

of

everywhere

the

pan

gold

and

with

"

league

department

while

by

in
with-

considerable

streams

gold-bearing

navigation

to

from

of

is
of

this

but

known

Maryland,
;

year,

primitive

The

down

stream

or

runs

half

the

marked

are

the

the

their

yield

Columbus
this

of

use

of

district

the

from

idling.

and

of

is

State

cattle

season

make

to

ten

included

thirty-five

importance

deposits

washed

the

by

places

within

are

the

as

as

dry

are

in

large

as

alluvial

and

streams

to

Cedros

of

some

Here,

there

Next

America

Central

"

formerly

and

Paraiso.

of

mines-f

silver

in

yards

yard

one

vein

blue

departrnent

its

and

"

sixty

to

from

average.

Adjoining

of

width

celebrated

forty-five

as

in

vary

The

yards.

twelve

as

Tegucigalpa

of

Olancho

of
and

intense

an

somewhat

aloof

it all

rendering

political

under

concerning
f See

love

Chapter

of

from

due

and

locality.
the

IX.

affairs,

stur-

They

general

gov*

edgment.
acknowl-

proper

exactions,
home

for

and

they

impatient
are

yet,

""

"

";"!"

11.

"

14

THE

NEW

in all their dealings with

of

those

and

country

HONDURAS.

who

seek

elevate

to

people, hospitable

to

the

dition
con-

remarkable

degree.
Cattle-raising is
The

luxuriant

grasses

the forests,

is

the

northerly climates.

all

in the

placer regions

available

near

would

however,
for

the

woods.

and
A

Yoro

of

prospects
Barbara

the

Both

bearing gold
the

cultivation

opals, which

silver

and
has

been

of

tobacco

rank

with

those

of

on

in

engaged
mineral

the
and

Santa

primitive system
abundance

an

baser

as

metals,

is devoted

Copan

; and

works

valuable

plains is remarkably

have

paid.

been

Comayagua

well

as

has

expended

somewhat

soil of their

vegetable products.

little attention

fruits and

for

country.
to

of

gold in large quantities.

capital
been

ever

over

The

agriculture.

of

work

outlay*

establishment

noted

of

has

entire

given

are

of

plain

hydraulic

considerable

of

niost

amount

than

the

cross

for

water

the

for

reduction
are

greater

industries

ordinary products

the

appliances.

and

products,!

soil of Olancho

the

in plenty is
ings
constructioi^of suitable build-

the

required

be

extraction

Colon

these

for

mechanical

and

and
from

that vicinity. Timber

of

at hand

obtained

natural

on

streams

Concordia, affording sufficient

La

produces

particularly mild

that

Six

tion.
sec-

whose

savannas,

woods

chapter

nourishing nearly

of

capable

in

valuable

the

in

is

this

of

streams,

numerous

practicallydemonstrated

been

more

broad

the climate

from

shown

as

by

while

Aside

salubrious.

it has

watered

well

in

abounds

department

soil,

rich

industries

chief

the

of

one

Gracias

of

fertile

of

veins,

to

which

mainly

is renowned

for

to

its

Hungary.
.

Routes
routes

via
York

to

of

Travel.

Honduras

from

Pacific

the
to

Mail

the

Steamship

Aspinwail, thence
t See

There

"

by

are

United

three

Company's
rail

Chapter V.

to

recognized
The

States.
line

Panama,

from
and

first is
New

by

the

16

carried

the

by

on

the

two

or

and

the

these

hundred

and

the

servant,

feeding

and

side, the
that

be

may

secured

Tegucigalpa,
according

the

to

cost

of

does

not

exceed

The

for

the
and

native

By
on

as

it does
the

way

and

of

the

be

opportunity

and

redaction

250
to

one

tourist

The
There

Tnixfllo,
are

of about

favorable

pounds,
journey.
animal

the

for

both,

Tegucigalpa

to

Barbara,

this trip is

sugar

day

for

amount

same

for

to

$20,

to

or

riding-mule.

Cortez

distance

market

cuttings,

mule-back

like

the

per

of Santa

people.

northern

mining

hundred

terior.
in-

the

Pedro

$15

two

and

cents

into

San

from

for

little

riding-animal

with

servant

has

Puerto

week,

over

and

each

the

also

departments

Tegucigalpa,

affording

year,

$12

thirty-eight

journey

ranges

carrying

for

servant

from

tour

the

occupying

country

the

seventy-five

the

when

through

of

provisions

the

posite
op-

traveler

With

tolerable

the

on

of

riding, from

week,

of

season

outlay

an

The

and

of

the

traveler,

the

money.

for

for

Cargo-mules,

necessitate

gua,

point

mule

for
may

for

the

carries

distance

patience,

this

of

journey

servant

dollar

Sula,
Honduras

at

$8

of

Cortez,

Puerto

Pedro

cost

riding-animal

comfort

Railway

$3 in
of

portation
trans-

is $6

animal.

the

of

great deal

the

being

of

cost

additional

an

San

sum

The

the

to

port
the

and

delay

country

The

the

from

Interoceanic

from

pack-animal

there

leagues

ten

day.

traveler

saddle.
miles

ninety

with

after
of

care

the

in

$8,

looks

the

days' journey,

fiftypounds.

for

miles, for

is but

the

in

day

points by

trip

for

the

covered

between

Entering

from

three

who

hired

$fww

part

distance

average

every

it is

coast,

and

system,
of

Tegucigalpa

Although
Pacific

HONDURAS.

pack-mule

better

the

si"end

must

be

NEW

THE

too

sees
are

coffee

miles.

Though

recommended,
to

study

the

ripening

bananas

the

leads'

Yoro, Comaya-

ests
for-

mahogany

plantations,

and

the

industries.
the

required

to

other
reach

Atlantic

port,

Tegucigalpa,

days

ten
at

cost
i

"

I
17

INTRODUCTION.

$15

from

of

This

trail

each

time

from

however,

It leads

far

For

"

attract, quite

ultimate

Guatemala

the

benefit

Honduras

and

"New-comers
'

'

poncho

blanket

or

and

those

of

ammonia,
a

of rubber,

one

neck

to

no

miners

from

in this

travel

hereafter

may

Guide

Parker's

supplied from

are

chtking,

the

when
a

is

sun

"

"

and

to

serve

bottle

of

consisting of

outfit,

cooking

small

high,

woolen

long towels

two

rubber

hammock,

requisite utensils,

the

spirit-lamp and

helmet,

riding-whip,

shoulders

with

themselves

provide

to

spurs,

and

atmbersome

methylated

otherwise,

as

advised

are

who

riding-cloak, riding-boots, cork

protectors

as

placer regions,

\ht

adventurous

regret,

the

Olancho,

and

often

as

attendants.

for

of Yoro

through

also

re^on, the foIIowin(^ recommendationi

to

and

mules

States.

western

Note.

time

to

their

to

for

plains

the

through

pasture-lands.

great
which

our

$25

to

runs

canned

some

edibles.
Travelers
and

drinking
for

an

length

an

hour

habitual

and

and
use

half.

breadth
of

cautiously
and

morning

at

the

drink

to

against tasting all

cautioned

are

advised

at

at

first,and

evening.

There

of these

stimulants.

These,

found

waters

confine

Riding should

is little
countries

to

en

route,

themselves

cease

at

11

to
A.

M.

danger in traveling throughout

"

the

danger

worst

it should

be

added,

being from
are

wholly

inadmissible.**

M""

CHAPTER

II.

HISTORICAL

various

IN

identity

even

be
On

such

relics

found

is

numerically
must

being

From

an

Columbus,
leaving
toward
unable

of

massive

interior,
All

with
their

incident

the

to

as

ago,

hieroglyphics,
idols

and

Point

of

western

have

these

not

grain

large

find

them

with
its

the

great

anchorage

is

It
discoverer

many

least
ever,
how-

leaving

voyage
related
sailed

severe

until

at

as

exaggeration.

to

fourth

the

name.

refer

opinions,

allowance,

liability

encountering
any

of

reported

historians

of

speak

the

overran

ago,

statistical

well-known

Castnas,

who

years

Their

and

connected

Darien,

fifty

such

derived

Honduras

to

and

populous.

very

the

taken
for

margin

clew

to

fact

centuries

adventurers,

hundred

powerful
be

bare

determined

Their

records,

Castilian

the

three

as

the

but

country

and

extant

be

may

translator.

tribes

many

being

can

similarity

satisfactory

Spaniard.

altars

only

Copan

definitely

that

the

of

of

no

been

inhabited

that

true

region

after

and

civilization

striking

continents,

ever

ruined

some

bearing

Eastern

has

their

are

country

wide

people

discovery,

of

stones

furnishes

the

adorn

this

of

advent

the

Honduras,

It

found

are

of

at

attempts

sculptured

who

people

yet

Honduras
existence

condition

and

characters

Nothing

which

as

the

of
and

before

long

of

early

all

life

resemblance

the

to

the

bafRed
of

some

forms

mystery.

to

has

mode

venerable

of

republic
of

conjectured.

traced
the

the

evidences

whose

only

of

parts

numerous

whose

OUTLINE.

hie

storms,
reached

of
that
ward
east-

and
the

..4

"

Jlii.

.r,

-.^

HISTORICAL

point

known

now

thankfulness

of

feeling

the

of

after

years

punish

and

of

of

through

Bay

such

of

the

is

to

rank

limited

ex*

his,

of

journey

and

magnitude

If

indeed

then

order

high

very

that

undertaking.

an

in
takes

of

one

any

believe,

K)

reason

region

the

through

Guatemala,

of

The

romance.

lieutenant,

the

whose

of

for

explorers.

convince

to

significance
every

the

accounts

leader

and

refractory

travel

suffice

would

became

of

name

theme

Mexico

achievements

the

perience

the

indomitable

of

wilderness

untracked

many

this

of

march

among

God,

waters)!"

the

Cortez,

came

furnish

would

expeditions

arrest

Thank

country.

Seven

famous

in

permanence

successful

''

(deep

the

was

making

after

Hondura

took

and

memorable,
and

those

Such

exclamation,

spontaneous

passed

have

we

relief

and

the

that

soundings,

Gracias-a-Dios.

Cape

as

19

OUTLINE.

true,

truth

have

we

as

than

stranger

fiction.
chain

the

of

Out

The

period.

towns

intervals

of

coast

to

the

interior,

truth

of

this

theory

of

as

of

halt,

in

order

man,

they

Hence
the

horde

place

meaning

the

took
the

of

which

band

of

food

and

courage,

is,

the

Here

"

Here

we

The

when

the

they

Spaniards,

at

leaders

Having
a

the

name

ate

and

sought
last

to

commanded

might

built

lished
estab-

legend

warriors,
came

the
towns

early

coasts.

drink.
and

oldest

very

fugitives

acquired

place

the

native

refuge,

the

from

probability

of

Once,
of

of

spot.

with

themselves

inner

by

that

the

peaceful

more

strongest

between

jugation,
sub-

developed

them,

One

of

plan

and

Comayagua,

follows:

sheltered

somewhat

be

to

as

wearily

and

with

Spanish

the

have

between

origin.

station

runs

pursued

closely

said

half-way

foundation

its

long

is

interior

the

their

later

space

their

by

which

of

indicate
of

of

settlements

and

villages

the

into

quiet

the

grew

established

fortresses

accomplishment

the

for

conquerors

of

to

pause
fortified

fortress
it still

for

fresh
re-

the
fence.
de-

retains,

drank."

20

According
in

attempted
resisted

the

recorded

two

cases

and

in

and

tardily inflicted*

in

independence
it

record

feudal

policy

tended
the

retard

to

rulers

Spanish

Charles

de

probably

an

only

to

supply

condition

of

mules

and

slaughtered

over

slavery

but

from

the

latter

eighteenth,

the

of

development

in

personal
the

They

luxuries,

de

Diego
of

them

in

letter

centur}',

to

is
of

practices
knowledge.

have

Indians
been

earth

the

but

tremendous

the

compelled

were

from

metals

in

unhappy
to

account

the

by

population

cruel

the

which

to

carrying

redoubtable
10,000

of

given

the

of

had

his

with

conquerors

the

one

precious

the

of

related

race.

whose

Indies,"

sixteenth

the

of

imaginable.

horses

Indian

is

estimate

His

from

appears

extract

their

missionary

undoubtedly

distressing

most

cally
practi-

perpetrated

Indian,

helpless

Casas.

he

in

continent.

the

the

atrocities

the

of

exaggerated

reduced,

were

the
a

las

countrymen
The

of

by

and

chapter

was

of

further

to

its

ity
Inhuman-

what

the

that

to

of

conquest

Spain,

of

its

country.

upon

V.

Bartolome

the

than

description

vivid

his

of

riesources

of

colonies
century

rather

of

of

statement

American

exterminated

"Council

the

seventeenth

the

erection

but

famous

included

the

of

the

of

jurisdiction
part

all

system,

the

of

or

occasional

and

settlers.

story

on

the

the

only another

adventure

gold, and

for

the

becomes

country

Spanish

of

struggle

The

to

the

of

settlement

until

inhumanity,

in

Spanish

time

declaration

oppression

the

by

one

deserved,

the

the

was

sufiferer,

well

from

continual

of

was

summarized

be

but
the

was

until

1502,

may

natives

the

of

follows

The

1821,

foreigner

Honduras

in

territory

however,

punishment

of

advance

every

this

of

are,

the

the

period

was

massacre

the

which

by Columbus

discovery

that

There

history

the

Indeed,

tales,

occupation

arms.

in

instances

these

Spanish

old

gradual
of

force

by

the

to

HONDURAS.

NEW

THE

serve

not

and
in

place
It

burdens.
Velasco

single

to

that
month.

is

he
So

23

THE

exacted
unite

to

and

and

master

the

In

the

that

of

the

the

for

cause

once

against

place

in

time,

that

until

the

disturbed

less

this

During

reputation

said

be

must

period

justification

In

that

their

for

was

had

attain

These

the

the

of

"

of

the

field
For

his

of

ten

years

enabling
of

spirit

is

the
their

manifest

of

boasts

heroic

the

people
material

among

in

their

interests.
them

in

Morazan,

counsel,

the
the

most

immortal

fame

toric
his-

the

achievements.

enjoyed

an

attention
A

and,

other

glory

America,

has

turn

to

in

done

his

Central

country
to

several

illumined

are

is

self-sacrificing

and

past,

if

chieftain,

military

proudest

history

Wise

Honduras.

energetic

and

one

of

the

It

government.

these

among

separation

difficulty.

imperishable

them

cither

politicians

exploits,

Chief

world.

Washington

humane

for

won

litical
po-

States

between

country's

whose

for

been

final

ambitious

general

the

of

heroes,

have

conflicts

the

it

American

without

of

Honduras

has

The

efiforts
of

pages
of

would

annals

the

or

factions.

struggle

Central

accomplished

more

disturbances,

desire

five

by

been

years,

of

result

Since

republic.

independence.

control

dark

galaxy

lands,

peace,

of

by

personal

five

predominating

been

caused

States,

by

the

ence
independ-

political

recent

more

followed,^owever,

soon

fifty-

these

union

has
of

15th

State.

revolutionary

were

individual

Spain

from

of

The

political

the

of

of

they

principles.
for

warring

constant

latter

the

acquired

the

by

republic

the

1876,

year

the

its

sovereign

from

On

declared
of

in

cause

provinces

accomplished.

position

down.

put

patriotic

Spanish

Honduras

1821.
the

the

the

finally

was

assumed

of

of

took

summarily

were

success

separation

September,

and

of

served

insurrections

These

after

mother-country

day

is

and

common

several

Nicaragua.

until

not

was

Mexico

*'

in

slave

1812,

year

and

Salvador

or

alike,

poor

adversary.

common

It

rich

from

HONDURAS.

MEW

to

complete
while

of

era

the

vancement
ad-

change

pronounced

".'.W

HISTORICAL

political opinions
wrought

the

at

accruing

the

to

has

States

the

in

furthering

development
these

The

offered.

people

in the

vanced
without

aid

the

country

and

guarantee,

they

consequence,

invading

forces

predecessors

were

been

has

It

this

For

of

longings

and

only

energies

futile

endeavors

easy

few

shrewdness,
their
of

labors

wealth
of

to

their

aspire.

As

welcome

the

than

their

progress

encroachments

the

have

upright

of

such
future
a

True,

their

render

them
Thus

in

away

political questions.
rapid

advances

promise,

seems

that
to

much

among
labor

the
at

But
anew

have
in

mild

are

Possessing

; while

uplifted by the

intelligentworkmen

skillfully directed
them

From

people.

frittered

people, they

become

ranks

nothing.

demagogues.
been

character.

they quickly

has

nature

done

would

men,

have

seen

As

in

the

suddenly

abstract

with

them.

employees.

free

has

man

to

be

that

unscrupulous

decide

pregnant

temperament

to

resources

to

years

are

attach

of
of

prey

and

country,

ignorance,

and

among
and

the

ambitions

their

character,

and

Honduras

of

should

utter

the

last

for

blame

no

condition

the

ready

repel

to

truly said

everything

done

old

of

of

resources

more

enlightenment

of

achieve,

to

they zealously

to-day

are

are

sufficiently ad-

position

natural

which

to

co-operation

them

that

to

up
made

adventurer.

Spanish

the

the

the

of

advantages

not

are

enable

capital,

which

independence

they
to

been

constantly

For

exceptional

that

foreign

of

is

interests.

sciences

and

arts

Special

objects,

has

is being lived

and
effort

realize

rapidly

that

upon

the
trols
con-

are

education

in force

national

of

now.
of

now

advantages

modeled

put

are

point

that

Compulsory

strictness.

admirable

for

of

been

the

at

government

constitution

United

changes

of

marked

country.

efficient

the

established.

and

instead

ballot-box

affairs of Honduras,

the

with

retained,

still

are

Under

bayonet

23

OUTLINE.

veloped
de-

sition,
disponative
when

ity
prevailing docilmost

present

tractable
commands

24

small

comparatively
their

of

quite

orderly living

into

four

tilians,

"

"

form"

as

treated

fact,

lack

they

of

faith

coast,

north

the

the

These

their

of

matter

own

race,

Spanish

the

to

fishing,

by
they

care

servants

to

all

or

their

and

by

go

into

to

region,

with

the

believed

have
of

the

the

to

Indian.

slaves.

as

live

It

in

of

the

toT

the

towns

exclusively

They
on

as

descended

even

little

but

cutting.

American

populace.

have

almost

are

mingle

north

Caribs,"

thither

They

interior, except
or

**

extending

native

the

characteristics

familiar

inhabitants

between

native
of
to

living by working

European

that

instances

especially

of

proportion

large

mahogany
the

In

whatever

difference

but

character

preferring

element

make

rightly
duty.

sophistries

marked

of blacks

the

in

civilization,

modem

religious observances.

where

villages

their

of

the

correspondence

race,

observed,

originally transported

display

In

trust.

race

negroes

people

African

"

and

When

that

in

the

races.

their

arts

Indians,

negro

three

of

civilization

coast

in

the

graceful.

finer

Cas-

prepossessing

discharge

is the

the

found

are

called

are

from

and

the

and

observable

of

including

all

rather

has

that

peculiarity

interior

of

and

in the

violated

and

or

are

unlearned

of

with

blood

the

in the

progress

further

they

one

Spaniard

The

the

Half-breeds,

the

traveler

records

the

broken

the

flows

still happily

are

filled

are

divided

be

majr

race-origin.

Spaniard

the

faithful

are

than

more

their

to

the

day

present
their

rule, symmetrical

they

they

requirements

workmen.

to

line

Honduranians

the

features,

In

with
veins

in whose

the

to

work.

conqueror

either

cross

of

the

of

their

trace

the

and

class

their

in

plicity
sim-

the

to

consideration,

and

classes, according
who

antedating

those

other

any

rather

inferiority

any

discipline

to.

as

to

firmness

Honduranians

The

this is due

but

than

with

amenable

as

HONDURAS.

wag^^

wants

treated

When

of

NEW

THB

of

either

with

tomed
accus-

are

the

fruit

farms,

is

seldom

that

it be

travelers.

in the

capacity

They

make

mmtit^tJtk

HISTORICAL

good

well

in

as

In

of

revival

the

first

at

The

results

lines

coast

cattle-raiser.

and

farmer
Guatemala

that

to

miles

hundred

by the

of

nomadic

navigable

rivers

shall

the

have
the

lands,

fortune

of

and

to

government

unexplored

yet

Wacos

the

as

to

those

up

to

in future

who
world

the

of

the

mahogany,

or

Several

shores.

returns

and

of
four

about

are

to

open

most

energetic

and

as

eastern

auriferous

the

results

the

the

but

presents

there

portions

rosewood

only await

Some

rich

oflfer

good

tants.
its inhabi-

settled,

tribes, known

along

and

boundary-line

the

Nicaragua,

Indian

forests

treasures

From

in

to

enterprising

in many

coast,

scattered

Mosquitos,

pasture

of

country

issue

fair

nevertheless

the

to

in

region rejoices
bids

still sparsely

are

is

Spanish,

in

understand.

to

the

for

of

pigeon-English,

or

whole

which

lowlands

the

to

opportunities

favorable

American

an

prosperity,

general

territory adjacent

save

for

full

language

converse

can

lingo,

day, in short, this

desirable

most

they

Macaronic

of

Their

emergency.

although

own,

own

our

cases

kind

difficult

very

their

of

of

and

intelligent,

tidy, obliging,

in

expedients

dialect

as

being

servants,

clever

26

OUTLINE.

merce
com-

ungraased

mountain-streams

whose

appropriation.
the

of

business

given

impulse

recent

during

schemes

last

the

the

by
few

local
are

years

r.

discernible

mining
are

and

companies

under

the

Americans,
project
of

The

locality

""*"

operating

^the

"

thus

the

and

at

and

home

rich

but

of

the

with

Every

eminently

latent

confers

all who
natural

wmm

cial
commer-

are

bination
com-

successfuL
the

governing

abroad,
to

country

judicious

The

Frenchmen

Englishmen,

been

attractiveness
of

fruit-raising.

predominating.

skill, has

north-

the

large concerns,

two

interior

the

legal regulations

the

strongest

l^Mii*

in

On

here.

for

undertaken,

trade,

development

^h

other

of

latter

far

capital

of

the

management

liberality of

transactions

in the

and

lumbering

for

may

noted

be

successfully established

been

have

coast

one

already, and

general

upon

this

interested

resources.

"MBI

"

mmi

CHAPTER
THE

know

the latter

something
modified

are

well

territoryas

CLIMATE.

the latitude and

know

^O

-L

III.

as

Lying

is

the

by

the

between

its climate.

of

by

of

topography

chemistry

of the

13^

16^

and

width

with

coast

the Atlantic,and
of the

the

to

open

the

other

the climate is rather

Pacific,

by

certain
miles in

200

trade*winds

the moist

be called

to

latitude*

have

but

north-east

saturated

of

adjacent

north
to

near

one

the

soiL

of

enough to the equator

degree of tropicalheat. Being, however,
Honduras

conditions

The

configurationof

the

is to

country

of

breezes

semi-tropicaL

enjoy the climate of the temperate

The
surface is broken by numerous
mountain-ranges,
zone.
with
the
and
table-lands, afford
which,
valleys,savannas,
The
the Pacific coast
heat
is
on
every varietyof climate.
higher

The

not

table-lands

oppressive as

as

of

account

any
the

of

account

Atlantic ;

the

on

in

difference

marked

temperature

and

dryness

greater

less, perhaps,
clearness

on

than

on

of

the

atmosphere.
The

trade-winds

north-east

Atlantic reach

the continent

which

saturated

over

sweep

with vapor,

and

the
pass

leaving the atmosphere moist

these
and
winds
are
heavily charged
invigorating.When
with moisture
they are interceptedby the mountain
centres,
and flows back
the vapor is precipitatedfrom the clouds
to
over

the whole

"the Atlantic

mountains
with
ocean

"MM.rt*h*^l*l*l

Honduras,

of

through

are

extensive

from

numerous

6,000

to

streams

8,000

tmtum*

an

rivers.

feet high,and

forests,through which

breezes, giving

and

atmosphere

sweep
that

are

the

These
covered

pure

soft

isas invigorating

.kWMMkl
mmmm

rtHHMHi^M*^

mmm

itis ddightfal. In the low

It b not,

character.

than

keen

than

observer

an

reports that

tend

which

by malaria

marked

of Kansas.

Dickens

found

and

States.

littleelse

in

region

productive
Thus

many

only the coasts of Honduras, bring back

And
to discourage tourists.
this,too, of

had

which

and

1540.

visit

who

country

miasmatic

bottom-lands

sections of the United

prosperous

the fever-

the coast
somewhat

livingskeletons
rapidlybecoming one of the most

is now

travelers

on
a

more

the

or

Charles

as

chills

fever, ague,

which

however, any

of Indiana

the marshes

and

lands

generate, giving this region

germs

So

27

CLIMATE.

THB

as

mmmtmm

cities
flourishing

many

still maintains

hardy

far back

as

and

as

vigorous

people.
There

speaking generally,but two climatic seasons

America; the rainy season, corresponding to
and autumn
the dry season,
ing
correspond; and
winter and
begins
spring. The rainy season

are,

in Central
our

summer

to

and

our

the middle

about

of

rains

The

May.

are

at first intermittent,

graduallyincrease until the maximum

is reached

in July

rain falls every day; then

they gradually
August, when
These showers come
diminish,ceasingentirelyin November.
or

up

about

They

thunder

almost

and

last all

storms
streams

shows

so
new

are

often

swollen

that

and
life,

the

are

and

last until five

or

preceded by strong winds, with

lightning. Sometimes

continuous

night,when

tropicalcolors
The

in the afternoon

o'clock

two

six o'clock.

these

heavy, and the

Vegetation
fording is difficult

flora

all fresh

roads

the

with

and

become

their wealth

of

smiling after their

brilliant
bath.

day and night

is notable.
Owing to constant
evaporation from the soil
along the coasts, rivers and lakes,the atmosphere becomes
moist and
The
chill through condensation.
dry season
difference

of

temperature between

follows,usually

from

Tain falls. This

is the most

visit the Central

American

January

to

April,when

convenient
countries.

little if any

time for travelers

True,

it is with

to
us

"H

"H

J.

28

THE

winter

the

sponding

to

air

the

the

of

crests

ascended

sometimes

run

table-lands,

and

yellow

and

cool

as

is

blackberry
the
Fields
and

traveler

orchards

give

the

on

vegetation

of

in

draped

themselves

trees,

fruit

the

in

its

natural

pede
im-

season.

breezes,
man's

against

struggling
all

which

mountain

cool

lect,
negthe

of

aspects

the

of

with

browned

musical

luxuriant
oaks

ners
banrocks

very
the

except
and

bright

there,

is

there

murmur,

waves

dusty

The

here

are

which
and

frayed

and

them

for

moss,

cathedrals.
mosses,

short

gnarled

gray

like

beneath

from
with

long

wind,
old

and

and

the

low

too

pines

of

passing

walls

away

the

where

crests,

temperature

mantle

gushing

trickling

mountain

kind,

the

are

springs

more

higher

sober

the

from

On

beneath

districts

any

in

fro

break

peach

betokens

grass

and

with

covered

familiar

the

bushes

the

clear

as

zone.

Up

to

and

vendure.

of

Here

England.
soil,

broad

streams

over

oak

and

spreading

often

ridges

low

are

mountains

the

and

droop

New
the

to

these

to

temperate

hardy

of

are

of

on

constitute

generally

by

which

grain, billowing

of

and

valleys

pine

of
of

undulating,

trees

native

but

traversed

those

as

forests

summits

The

less

fields,
of

the

climate

even

fertile

the

around

with

peaks,

or

belts

mild

and,
In

cool.

table-lands,

find

crowned

in

more

rolling

out

in

rise

grass.

up

the

on

we

which

with

oppressive/

not

refreshingly

are

corre*

thermometer

surroundings.

terraces,

carpeted

the

in

few

months

wet

is

heat

interior,

tropical

by

Even

when

Cordilleras,

mountains

The

and

the

of

the

luxuriant

with

the

the

is

averages

during

nights

the

Honduras

of

season

thermometer

does

point,

dry,

regions

elevated

the

summer.

highest

being

winter

the

it

than
our

its

reaches

HONDURAS.

since

summer,

higher

degrees

but

season,

its

reality

NEW

no

sound

and
to

stillness.
the

northern

diversified

with

coast,

verdure,

the
and

and

ipountains
there

is

greater

hills

are

variety

so

lack

from

and

unused

Kansas

and

climate

than

is

these

few

of

climate

The

commonly

will

of

cannot

fail

receives

affections
these

in

the

our

northern

has

nature

the

hygiene
of

during

the

effects

body

becomes

which
the

usually
skin

consumptfon,
relieved

be

Diseases

bacterial

drink,

and

in

and

wherewith

of

food

by

or

disturbance

is

is

use

an

wet

follows

thoroughly

alteration

no

need

of

light

of

oppressive
with

flannel
heat

perspiration,
will

render

rubbed

one

and

of

normal

the

the

may

system

be

plished
accom-

underwear.

the

whole
breeze

cool

the

liable

Before

the

prevails,
and

the

Precaution

protect

This

changes.

if

solved

occur.

to

necessary

sudden

easily

is

organs

season

of

the

rain-fall,

different

the

by

obeyed

are

rainy

the

the

atmosphere.

cases

resulting

rules,

acclimatization

of

problem

condition

from

hygienic

in

system.

The
of

indiscretions

by

to

region.

most

are

organs

therapeutics

in

are

catarrhal

stimulated

could

mountainous

apparatus

of

nervous

laws

who

this

caused

disregard

climate,

the

diseases

the

disease,

climatic

endowed

and

dread

wonderful

digestive

origin,

the

the

by

that

of

and
of

to

rarefied

pure,

arated
exhil-

respiration

is

heart

as

He

in

itself

All

body.

Inflammatory

the
the

in

atmosphere

there.

by

victims

severe

restored

of

action

such

scenery

sedative

as

garden

with

and

soft

organs.

and

pressure,

energetic
are

acts

accepts

tropical

vigorous

clear

unknown

are

from

Many

the

who

shows

that

the

uniform

natural

mind

in

in

is

it

say

contact

and

to

respiratory

organs

relieved

life

New

one

more

great

into

conducive

invariably

the

of

the

activity

Furthermore,
altitudes

tourist

both

to

always

circulation.

the

brought

him,

impulse

new

is

animal

and

benefit

spirits,

more

be

friends

countries
and

from

man

devours

his

entering

there

vegetable
to

all

supposed
on

watermelons,
and

of

suggestions

variety

higher

eating

dysentery,

of

Againi

food.

to

dies

Honduras,

of

wholesome

of

Hampshire,

HONDURAS.

NEW

THE

to

clothing

chill

unless

changed.

"^"mmmm

circulation,and

stops the

greater part of the blood.

inflammatory afifections. By a

drives to the internal organs

arise congestion and
Hence

dailysponge-bath, or

the

of suitable

the skin with

towels, and by the use

coarse
clothing, the skin can be kept in an active and
condition,thus avertingall danger of this kind.
is felt after

rain

brisklythe entire

cool

or

breeze,

of the

surface

physicalexercise,

should

one

Follow

body.

Reaction

will

relation between

skin and

internal organs

remedy

biliousness

disorders.

vigorous
of

other

work

of

exercise,should
day, in

and

its consequent

tone

of the

order

thoroughly.
Early to bed
well as ^ early to rise.'*
as
garden spot
back

reports

conclusion
of

"

time

world

tinted

that the

sunshine, but of

elixir of life has not

only

is

to

maintain

; while

those

who

in glowing colors.
climate is made

up

yet been

plants; neither,on
box

discovered

the other hand,

to

i^im^mmM

other

or

early

at

noon

to

do

sweet

its work

guided by here,
it is the

that

visit it bring

.It may

of the two.

in any
are

of

mm

"--:.
"?

said in

be

nor

The

ing
its heal-

the entire

within its borders.

be found

the

preserve

nature's

neither of cloud

happy combination

be

ive
digest-

in the

heat
to

enough

rule

to

complicated

the

strength,and

taken

tends

of the

more

avoid

live in Honduras

of the

of Pandora's

the

be

turn

.Sleep,** tired

allowed

in

undertaken
to

of

waste

be

restorer,"should

who

lished.
re-estab-

sort, traveling

any

be

physicaleconomy.

Those

be

disturbances

develop into

may

Hard

the

grains of
the healthy

command

own

digestion. This

and

which

organs,

with

especially fat, should

more

it retards

sparingly,

rub

this up

follow, and
his

at

chill

at once

malady.

food,
as

produce

has

man

every

Animal

part

the

for this

healthy
If

take, if available,five

and

sulphateof quinine.
Thus

bing
rub-

in the rivers,afterwards

bath

blood-vessels,

contracting the

by

Perspiration

familiar.

this is simple and

of
explanation

The

81

CLIMATE.

THE

tents
con-

Men

MMWBIHMHMt

mmmim

32

THE

or

The

contributor

may

HONDURAS.

live there to be three-score

not

may

NEW

of this

Europe, part in the United

health

His

well-known

ripe old

has

never

that

men

age.

in fact

or

zones.

of

climate

any

and

zone,

how

climate

near

live

to

on

is the

absurd

the equator,
torrid
the temperate
or

Honduras

the

enjoys

climate

in abundance

supports

life with which

It is

shock.
and

show

within

portionof

great

animal

and

of
fatality

in Honduras.

part

the world

far to

goes

of the

the temperate

around

ten.

his life in

of

climatic

suflfered from
travel

This

popular notion

States, and

and

years

chapter has spent part

in

we

our

of

the vegetable
country

own

are

familiar.
order

In

illustrate the influence

to

above

described,upon

labor

in the lower

climatic

seasons

subjoin

we

This
and

the conditions

forest region,and

govern
account

an

will afford

the

choice

of

the

an

however, that preciselythe

of

districts,owing
which
The

**

check

Laborers

with

then

in
are

so

divided

select beforehand
his comrades

much

-a

when

into gangs
acts

is also

There

made

apt

as
seasoning,

group

shrewdness

discoveringthe

"

and

table-lands.

of the

the

superintendent

selection

tall tree, and

top

some

in order

to

prevent another
"

and

and

master.
pay-

duty it is to
will guide
he

of trees, to which
This

year.

fifty
men,

to

twenty

''hunter,*'whose

cutting ground

ing
dur-

mining

the

low^r temperature

of

the

labor

to

of

earlier in

cut

through the forest

secretlyfrom

important

an

August, as the
likely to
nor
so
falling,

of from
as

trees.

in

to splitin

who
''captain,**

obtain in any

commences

season-

two

be remembered,

as
limitations,

same

uniformly characteristic

are

of

It should

greater elevation

the

mahogany

is not

wood
**

cuttingof mahogany

day-time,do not
to

the

how

as

of

time for active work,

of

insightinto the nature

steadilyincreasing
industry.
the hours

requirements

show

to

climate,

the

of

and

must

be

requires
gang

from

appropriatingits

treasures.

""*"

""""

kMa

mmt

The

in

engaged

for

but

are

generally

the

veins

of

richer

the

way
the

are

equalize

the

then

until

called

being

season

the

to

Take

to

about

midnight,

avoid

of

the

to

empty

trucks

the

logs

and

thrown

stop

to

April

be

thb

In

when

order

draw.

to

is

rest

the

when,

trucking

the

wet

in

begins

is proportioned

distance

the

often

must

May,

or

the

to

December,

to

worked

and

road

lengths, in

are

trucks

to

from

generally

night

the

heat

into

the

inclined

about

the

tmckmg;

for

the

by

in

to

gather

and

begins

at

in

hours

three

for

strength

initials,

of
a

chief
There

owner's

balance

with

the

morning.

the

now

there

left

reaching

the

by

drivers

The

the

with

During

water.

cattle

Loading

before),

end

each

the

two

in

planes.

eleven

and

work,

sun.

evening

oxen

for

by torch-light (having

resting,

above

the

of

chosen

are

accomplished

on

are

gang

the

six

food

cut

hours
of

is

river-side

marked

are

to

The

pair

seven

six

working

of

capable

men,

men

generally

routine

At

and

preparations

time.

until

various

requires

and

at

establishment

the

branches

closer,

considerable

oxen

forty

temporary

return

of

of

bridges

wane,

gang,

of

load.

order

the

and

of

the

sixteen

leaving
to

all

much

opening

and

the

which

of

twelve

means

the

of

gang

each

drivers,

valuable
or

cut, the

being

roads

on

the

The

miles.

ten

trucks,

by

logs

number

strength. of

six

trees

following

the

now

The

earnest

grain being

of

which

loads

axe-man

most

limbs

the

feet

happen.

the

work,

labor

into

sawn

the

for

rarely

kept busily etnployed

are

men

trees

begin

great

erected

twelve

or

variegated.

more

Auxiliary

built, requiring

ten

is deemed

their

number

river.

nearest

Accidents

ornamental

and

''trucking'*

for

it

preferred,

sufficient

being

its dimensions,

purposes

about

cut

stage

leveling

from

trunk,

commonly

ground,

the

from

is

tree

38

CLIMATE.

THB

the

day,

repetition

described.
end

of
the

^Lm

May,
cattle

the
are

incessant
turned

rite

into

rains
the

put
pasture.

^""a

34

THE

NEW

the trucks housed.

and
swell

Towards

tremendously, the logs

hundred

of, say, two

branches
in

lodged

the last of June, the rivers

float down

miles, followed

(a kind of flat-bottomed
the

HONDURAS.

canoe), to disengage

situation convenient

distance

in pit-pans

the

till they

overhanging trees,

of

some

stream

by the gangs

logs from
safely

are

the mouth

to

of

the

river.
Each
on

the

which

gang

ends
state

then

of the

they

are

proprietors.Here
undergo
smooth.
the

force

mahogany

second
The

separates its own

logs,and
they
process

for

taken

are

ends, which

ready

down

brought

of the current,
is

forms

are

of

the

cutting by the
to

the
of

out
axe

to

wharves
the

make

of

water,
the

frequentlyget splitand
also sawed

mark

into large rafts,in

them

off,after

the
and

surface
rent

which

by
the

shipping.

I
MHM.^MHMM*^"

36

THE

who

the

of

arose,

should

the

later

his

be

office.

not

are

Honduras.

But

take

the

in

made

the

to-day

the

people

of

own

government

The

people
republic,based

derive all their just

govern

to

years

the

are

in office

those

powers.

idea of

influence

stronglyfelt,and

now

have

some

governed, is gaining ground

of the

consent

It may

is inevitable.
is

their

the

the

president

provisions are

people. Naturally

true
To-day
principlethat they who

from

powers
in

the

that.

the

upon

like

In

power.
no

again becomes

he

methods

rules and

circumscribe

to

before

and

that

re-elected,but

be

may

their provisions

and
in

growing intelligenceof

the will of

wont

do

must

These

it.

subjectto

been

adopted

by
provided

him

Such

The

religiouslykept.
demands

He

successor.

monarchy.
greatly

have

those

it is

directlysucceed
the

to
eligible

been

have

constitutions

own

roust

absolute

conditions

these

carefullymaintained

are

other

republic an

so-called

years

of these

can

who

Constitutions

changed.
some

He

HONDURAS.

revolutions,in order to determine

became
president was virtually

of

nature

rule.

dictator,and
In

NEW

of

democracy

strides these

forward

past fifteen years

That

develop fully.

this limited

republics

marked

both

are

and

permanent.
is

Education

in every
has

village.
very

Guatemala

To
each

as

of

this

Arts,

of

the

law, and
of

number

republic

of their years

entire expense

of

school

universitya

department

yet,

are

free
found

college in Tegucigalpa, Honduras,

The

fair course
the
of studies,and
City has, in addition to the course

of Bachelor

and

generally compulsory,

now

schools, although primitive in character

in

universityat
for the

degree

of medicine.

one

indigent students
appointed,

are

collegeis

met

by

and

from
the

the government.

Hence, the advantages of the best institution in the

country

are

throughout
becomes

not

the

only open
republic,so

to the

that

poor,
the

general. Latin, English

and

but

are

educational
French

are

distributed
influence

taught in

-1
"\

I
m/mmta^

"mm

POLITICAL

these

schools

87

CONDITION.

there is hardly an

; and

officer in

his native

position,but speaks, besides

^^W"

prominent

language, French

or

English, or both.
The

effect
check

adequate

this

of

general culture is to put an

exercise of despotism in the government

more

the

upon

people and upon

any tendency to anarchy
them.
The
tance
necessityof good laws and the imporof enforcing them
are
principlesnow
fullyrecognized.
of

among

All shrink

the

from

and

war,

as

these

consequence

republics

nations
in peace
of the world.
most
as
to-day as secure
The
rightsof property and of personal securityare regarded
as
sacred, and punishment for violation of law is speedy
bands
and severe.
of adventurers
Occasionallyfilibustering
are

the

and

the

They

enlightened countries
Besides

the

republics to-day
is made

mistake

with

by

civilization and

of

error

of

of the

men,

civilized

the condition

of these

earlier history,another
that the

assume

kind

same

of

exists in all the Spanish repub^

Mexico, for instance,has

desperadoes,

are

world.

their

who

those

government

existence in Central

riots,led by lawless

are

confounding

that of

lies of this continent.

bands

they

unworthy

are

in the cities of the most

times

at

occur

as

but

government,

Certainly their attempts

down.

of revolution.

name

such

overthrow

to

attempt

may

easilyput

but

America.

its armed

organizations

such

native

The

laborer

have

no

may

be

unskilled, ignorant, lazy ; but he is always simple,willing,

obedient

and

Under

teachable.
more

the
advancement

themselves.
and

in

more

the

people
of

are

and

being

their country

There

are

of

progressiveforms
to the

awakened

resources

agriculture,to develop

concentration
and

permanent

depends
of
which

not

wealth

of

ernment,
gov-

fact that the

wholly

upon

in the mines

fully will require the

the importation of machinery,

largecapital,
have enjoyed
who

employment of skilled workmen

specialtrainingthan their country

affords.

NEW

HONDURAS.

governments

began

THE

The

local

encourage

the

Concessions

panies

made

were

formed

This

not

It

outgrowth. It was
singlerepublic only.
people, which

development.
and

the

confirmed

should

they
properties felt

other

them

make
meant

who

wishes

of

need

of

to

be

noted

and

are

to

emigration
that

workmen

trade

liberal.

more

followed
to

or

the

out

foreigners.

historyand

the

the

to

development of
securityof foreigners

there,is already completely answered.

much
that the foreigneris
is not
so

seeking concessions,but
countries

mines
element

that

him, the

for

republics,the question as
fact

after all the

knew

in their liberal grants

people

concessions

was

this foreign

merchant

abundant

this brief survey

the

owned

who

They

business

of

more

it

; but

ment
senti-

ual
intellect-

own

nation,that reallydemanded

the

The

in their investments
The

the

com"

common

their

of

governed, therefore, only

of the

In
these

be

rather
out

them

made.

valuable.

would

Those

be

increase

an

labor

the
was

grew

of the people of
intelligence
that

rescue.

a
giving of grants was
of the president
purpose

president granted

The

congress

the

to

come

ago to

years

inducing foreign capital

of

there.

natural

of the

to

purpose

work

of

ten

some

granting specialprivilegesto

the

for

skill to

and

American

North

rather

seeking him.

place a conservative
nation,but this desire and

that these

The

may

or

American

Central

wheel
political

liberal at the

fortune

of
head

of

the

determination

to deal fairlyand
bring capitaland skill into the
settled principle in the national

with foreignerswho
liberally
have

country

become

economics.

Unfortunately,it
have

sought
nothing under
petitionshave

M.1

1^

time

in

have

been

which

and

has

them.
been

About
sent

to commence

denied.

happened
concessions,

often

obtained

Then

MM^BlMWH

the

time

that

of

praying for

on

operations, and
these

same

and

adventurers
have

done

lapsing,

their

extension

an

these

adventurers

of

petitions
are

heard

POLITICAL

denouncing

loudly

republic

plainly

conditions

the

has

possible,

shows

in

of

some

will

in

place.

upon

be

formed

district

the

abandoned

the

be

to

was

November
on

of

one

in

early

of

At

of

work

1S82,
the

Hon.

in

election,

the

shortly

the

General
to

Soto

A.

with

by

ness-like
busimines

the

In

terms.

sinking

vein

shaft

touched

was

Luis
the

by

afterward

everything

wrote

of

and

provisions

of

vote

tp

the

in

of

Bogran

Mr.

company

his

power

presidency

the

resigned
1883,

the

General

Manager
do

these

spring.

president
Bogran

been
water-

in

of

on"

the

mines

the

begun

with

and

September,

accordance

be

commenced

1882.

May,

formerly
to

on

during

historical

worked

Work

Quemazones,

in

had

should

ernment
gov-

York,

six

compliance
was

Marco
in

work

was

Honduras

Soto,

which

attorney

as

New

of

history

Company

the

A.

been

years.

full

following

Honduras

called

two

deemed

the

The

that

proviso

these,

had

they

trations,
adminis-

writer

of

(mines

Yuscaran

within

way

by

granted

was

company

have

short

Mining

Marco

history

dealing.

Lombard,

Hon.

every

concession

the

by

extend

succeeding

upright

granted

the

because

line), with

by

cessions.
con-

countries,

Their

any

Yuscaran

R.

of

of

under

represented

Thomas

the

this,

Under

so

generalizations,

The

administration

the

doing.

and

concession

Mr.

to

in

these

companies

the

in

been

desired

to

of

perform

to

these

ready

abridged,

fair

to

response

illustrate

To

than

with

record

it has

the

them

granted

rather

enlarged

relations

justified

when

the

unable
valid

the

progress,

denied,

proved

found

privileges

that

been

business

always

been

render

to

in

were

have

their

denying

investigated

petitioners

extended

writer

favor

petitions

necessary

In
the

if

the

because

negotiations

representatives

and,

for

government

the

its

through

applicants

the

the

while

But

requests.

30

CONDITION.

election

the

constitution.
elected

was

the

an

was

stitutional
con-

people.

General

R.

Lombard,

Thomas

aforesaid,
to

foster

ising
prom-

foreign

mm

40

THE

in

investments

his

granted

Bogran

the

de

During

being

present

aid

and

works

of

in

The

greatest

road

from

of

twenty-five miles.

had

carried

all the

pieces weighing
tied

to

of course,

prove,

carried

and

poles

useful

indispensable
General

Bogran,
his

characterized
his
The

building

Honduras

Mr.

Soto

of

nearly
the

to

the

the

this

road

the

Such
but

of

these

progressive

ratified
New

eleven

and
and

the

confirmed
valuable

"

had

it

would
lutely
abso-

was

enterprises.

spirit

need,

been

that

and

has

through
the
and

months

work.
cost

dollars.

thousand

during

to

coast

hundred

excepting

undertook

occupied

wagon-

road

government,

this

one

which

men.

and

mountain-paths

pounds,

government

made

of

coast,

success

liberal

hundred

one

been

administration.

the

to

concessions

have

by

up

to

interests.

Pacific

the

policy, recognized

action

prompt

All

in

up

their

about

over

ready

audience

an

the

from

at

During

always

the

of

hundred

two

over

employed

of

on

Pack-mules

machinery

operations,

building

the

was

distance

companies

active

found

Lorenzo

Tegucigalpa,

and

other

companies

for

it
the

franchises.

organizations.

prosecution

San

in

works

laborers

been

these

asked

Port

via

Yuscaran,

of

active

the

favor

the

has

Paraiso

giving

valuable

commenced

several

Bogran

President

grant

years,

native

the

representatives
them

have

thousand

President

the

give

about

the

at

this time

to

organized,

been

and

the

soon
a

other

succeeding

three

and

reduction
with

Soto,

nothing

of

assurance

custom

any

can
Ameri-

Bogran

under

formed,

together

Yuscaran,
the

This

of
Mr.

Central

General

of

of

government,

investors,

establish

to

Honduras

them.
to

the

to

cessions
con-

those

resignation

election

the

under

under

granted
the

by

under

right

sole

there

of

made

or

the

to

Company^was

Mineral

have

Soto,

been

confidence

gave

Reduction

Mr.

had

done

been

had

whether

Prior

Company

time

the

to

up

by

concessions

Syndicate

HONDURAS.

country,

president

former
liberal

NEW

administration

during
ones

the

have

of
ent
pres-

lately

POLITICAL

been

granted
has

courtesy

the

to

government,

well

as

visiting

In

inquiries

self-same

losses

of

citizen

property

occurred

made

promptly

gives

his

and
and

in

protect
The

needed
of

Spanish

where

the

granted

in
of

the
State

State
has

and

sentation
pre-

they

who

has

where

he

has

been

were

coffee

employs
ness
in busi-

twenty

over

that

years,

is

to

presidents

new

privileges

and

rights

to

recording

Department
asked

the

at

the

he

States

citizens
of

the

welcome

at

any

States

and

grants.
Minister

to

experience
recall

can

government
the

full

no

was

enjoyment
and

rights

powers

time.

concessions

Washington,

United

mous
unani-

States

that

avers

made

of

bear

diplomatic

long

construction

ence
experi-

government

United

its

of

any

republics

United

the

long

America,

under

republics,

of

Germans

these

of

in concessions

the

the

upon

policy uniformly

Central

Hall,

man

liberal

them

Since

in

C.

to

secure

most

and

working

appeal

an

to

for

the

to

that

fact

Henry

America,

these

case

the

foreigners
Hon.

Central

adding

dealings

to

all

who

the

rights,

Englishmen

business

witness

and

that

their

years
losses

predecessors.

Americans,
in

that

certain

to

these

that

Salvador

the

fifteen

goveniment

republics

other

in

declares

Englishman
of

tenimony

even

by their

granted

in

the

personal

zealous

are

to

An

fiftynatives,

in

foreigners

protect

about

republic

the

hundred

in this

referring

and

all

extended.

Honduras

the

general

them

by

Balize, in

revolution,

careful

the

to

in

claims

good.

in

plantation

of

the

of

three

time

the

at

that

is uniformly

Britain,

Great

of

made

regard

found

was

has

of

republic

the

of

of

suffered

by subjects

ago

It

officials

other

by

in

Marked

parties visiting

writer

republics,

protection

and

favor

the

countries,

several

prominent

and

private citizens

by

investments.

of

Syndicate.

interested

all

to

Bogran

as

these

the

to

as

security

shown

by President

Honduras,

American

Central

been

41

CONDITION.

to

the
Consuls

the
Hon.
in

Syndicate

i.

Secretary
Honduras

MH

""""

42

THB

make

to

special
business

other

country

reports

is, in itself,an
will
of

take

its citizens

received

their

in

been

Honduras

United

by

Since

of

in Honduras,

and

companies
wise

thrice

suggestions

franchises
States

because

simply

particular

has

sulate
Conthe

of

district

six years

of

time

has

protection

executives

visited
of

and

the
these
many

officials

and

legal

in business

engaged

representatives

the

complete
the

in

represented

that

during

from

protection

the

under

United

companies

received

have

ment
Depart-

government

in

that

writer

York

these

fact

this

citizens.

the

New

During

country.

in

on

States

April, i88r,

number

way

In

and

of

State

own

abroad

Yuscaran,

at

carried

operations

large

our

investments

created

the

hereafter

nations.

other

f rotn

has

interest

citizens

of

that

assurance

active

more

action

This

these

of

which

in

there,

concerns

condition

the

on

interested.

are

HONDURAS.

KEW

of

the

republic.
The

by

the

with

records

sentiment

has

element
for

with

of

progressive

the

been

engaged

law

security

has
of

the

future

to

in business

become

such

in

judged

by

these

sentiment

of

past,

seen

be

must

but

national

justice, which

and

it,

the

of

prospect

be

favorable

most

in this
is bom

itself

coupled

and

the

foreign

the

respect

intelligence

complete

This

people.
to

locality;
of

the

merely

not

records

guaranty

and

grows
of

the

investments.

"a*.

"mimmmmm^mmi

iJUl'LM

44

THE

KEW

inhabitants,

long appreciated by the

to

considerable

Cotton.

This

"

during

States, and

the

staple

of

is little doubt

countr}'

that

tried

was

to

that

on

Several

Island

of

it is

year

section, he

it, the

plant

negroes

gins

own

would

and

pay

appeared

the
There

been

is, in

certain

open

boles,

was

of

the

cotton.

do

import

were

gardens

of

capital
southern

vating
culti-

then

to

put

could

be

opened

This

investment.

not

the

work

the

yield

ticular
par-

several

for

trunks

and

the

country,

up

there

and

years,

decreasing slightlyin
into

that
The

understood

twelve

it should

the
four

in

sufficient

and

the

to

him

frost

to

business

fine

planted

going mostly
some

why

longer, although it

growth

how

who

article,and

the

presses,

reason

no

high,
In

getting pickers

was

having

States,

large profitson
had

cotton

Sea
and

giving
of

yellow

with

plantation

United

picking

and

acre,

with

one

some

large

feet

seed

field,cotton

absence

understanding

not

the

from

to

the

the

to

contend

to

If, however,

to

Sula.

the

as

with

this

from

troubled

had

people

properly.
were

pounds
owing

was

never

difficultyhe

chief

years

gathered,

and

known

time

same

the

from

in circumference.

the

at

Pedro

him

eight

about

went

of

blossoms.

and

gentleman

pickings

variety

was

feet

of five hundred

amount

that

covered

ones,

This

stalk

who

war

San

by

It

profitable.

the

of

grown

the

of

Honduras

planter
of

town

were

nfteen

averaged

immature

his

The

cotton.

seasons

for

cotton

the

its growth.

in

very

close

the

United

the

to

cotton

American

an

in

Georgia,

from

bush

by

in

superior article.

very

made

be

after

settled

and

acres

brought

the

shortly

country

Rebellion,

scale

small

favorable

are

raising of

the

could, if rightly undertaken,

in

civil strife

of

pronounced

was

the

successfully cultivated

was

period

the

product

conditions

There

already developed

and

degree.

Honduras

The

HONDURAS

its

yield,

branches.
a

native

AGRICULTURAL

which

cotton

pink

variety

instead

this,

of

of

is

one

so

warehouses,

vine.

long

that

white

the

and

rooms

on

grows

45

RESOURCES.

to

familiar

and

the

giving

kind

say,

in

be

to

pink

fibre,

the

fields,

the

press-

trade.

of

marts

said

is

There

Sugar-Cane.
of

Comayagua

cultivated
It

is

to

meet

indigenous
witness

one

is

the

limited

demand

the

soil,

to

of

during

disturbance

in

was

failed

plantation

of

and
the

for

luxuriant.

thirty

care

while
this

valuable
in

gather

to

men

upon

political

that

of

Oiancho,

without

declares

now

markets.

In

years,

want

is

local

the

growing

progress,

only

of

very

ment
depart-

which

sugar*cane,

sugar-cane

period

and

the

of

product

to-day

speaks

plains

the

principal

The
"

the

crops.
In

nearly

climate
of

At
the

to

of

Any

small

permission

sell

of

which

in

town,

to

shillings.
The

the

the

white

gentleman

Sula,

proposing

large
to

by

do

can

the

by

so

to

government,

established
the

laws

agreeing

and

bottle

each

at

at

six

about

with

obtained

raise

small

of

sugar-cane

patch
A

in

of

the

the

and

valley
to

ago

years
from

the

for

cane

few

to

farmer

every

concession

land

only

according

years,

it.

ing
producand

care,

Almost

grown.

stock

tract

with

twelve

or

quality,

superior

refined

raises
his

Balize

from

of

ten

is

country

feeding

for

in

it

where
the

of

is
when

once

the

money.

crystals

replanting

sold

pose
pur-

monopoly.

same

to

most

the

for

Under

agents

is

itself

cane

the

it, through

in

government

article

It

it

rum.

growth

confined

government,

American

Central

throughout

the

people.

the

locality

is

making

from

retails

sugar

purpose

article
of

is

the

fact,
the

to

cultivate

native

manufactured

turn

large
needs

latter

adapted

industry

in

Honduras,

who

growers

desirous

getting
all

this

aguadiente^

the

person

of

eminently

present

producing

Honduras

both

are

sugar-cane.

quarters

of

soil

and

departments

all

of

establish

ernment
govthe

46

there.

refinery
the

He

but

could
in

sugar

made

be
the

of

production,

general

the

people

instance,

of
has

taken

not

attend

of

with
the

of

record

million

from

engaged
Some

the

with

the

export,
and

of
for

reason

which

that

of

possesses

Fruits.

fruits,

one

care

proper
workmen

of

to

"

of

of

as

that

1885

year

Italians,

shipped,

twenty

ports.

import

of the
has

as

that

been

every

requisite variety

may

survey

industries

be

But

the

greater

for

case

equally

produced
of

ucts
prod-

trade, is carried

in

the

traffic

of

Honduras,

many
to-

There

is

good

ity
qual-

Honduras,

soil and

of

on

adapted

staples.
of

etc.

cocoa,

other

the

kindred

present

with

admirably

are

coffee

at

coffee,

along

Rica

chief

of

out

nationalities,

all

gathering

and

brief

branch

furnished

Costa

the

during

and

Comayagua

coffee

mentioned

almost

American

believing

For
the

of

and

is

well

in this

special exertion.

Germany,

plains

cultivation

with

for

bushes

the

season,

Honduras

Germans

to
as

be

people

raised

country,

The

every

Gracias,

results

exported

any

in fact,

coffee

England

the

it may

planting, raising

the

years.

supplying

of
of

lack

for

recent

America,

principally
in

and

coffee

without

are,

including

part

of

sacks,

There

of

chiefly

actual

Central

thousand

of

their

in

article

an

while

but

as

extent

Department

gardens

industry,

sacks

all

of

The

crops,

of

agricultural

one

the

to

even

berries

freely in

them.

to

As

not

coffee

some

for

intelligence

and

adopted

been

never

country.

laden

arehea\nly
is

the

try
coun-

districts

quality flourishes

excellent

of

it has

although

etc,

end.

Coflfee

Honduras,

capital

that

secure

this

that

largest producing

the

provided

that

to

Coflec/"

of

one

world,

directed

were

is little doubt

There

unsuccessfuL

was

to

machinery,

of

purchase

the

for

expecting

England,

to

went

capital

necessary

HONDURAS,

NEW

THE

climate.

in

tropical

the

depart-

^mmmm

^!^

AGRICULTURAL

ment

of

fruit

culture

Colon

through
river

region

the

of

treasures

tropical

appleSy rose-apples,

in

Of

three.

Of

the

the

to

fruit, negritos^

similar

Besides

fruits,

these

the

indigo,

tobacco,

ipecac, pimento, ginger,

visions,
which
to

liere

grows
maize

the

tropics
simply

as

the

of

acres

is

Yoro

said

and
to

one

size

in

agricultural

are

the

exceeding

forty

banana

of

to

of

crop

the

north

cocoanut.
over

great

^100,000

olive."

of

vanilla,

pro-

the

yam,

plantain,

according
of

hundred

acres

stateiTof

Honduras,

annually

is

here
of
of

to

wheat,

is

wealth

plantations

the

plantain

the

abundant

next

of

people

acre,

principal

worth

For

com,

the
of

soil

the

bark,

the

single

Especially
The

of

yield

Its

besides

sarsaparilla.

coast

Olancho.

resources.

yield

of

variety.

"the

Peruvian

is

kind

this

the

as

Peruvian

the

size, and

product

of

plains

rice, wheat,

The

aguacaU

is known

in this country,

reliance

and

use

the

of

products

food.

potatoes.

its specific

vegetable

potato,

Five

country.

called

immense

of

the

or

and

the

customers.

in

to

tribute
con-

which

from

commonly

pepper

the

favorite

as

guavas^
these

all

varieties;

thrives

principal

enormous,

second

an

article

an

Humboldt,
or

to

mangoes,

with

sassafras,

kidney-bean,

the

wild

well

olive

of

oranges,

savannas
as

common

quality

good

the

on

limes, lemons,

foreign

the

smallest
abundant
custard-

cocoa

four

are

fruit,

guava

the

Bananas,

delicacies

each

found,

arrallan," growing

preferred

his

for

sapote there

the

and

fact, grows

are

cocoa

value.

include

on

Guayape

the

markets

pawpaws,

native

of

store

banana,

of

plums,

achiote

selections

makes

The

rich

the

to

distant

for

grapes,

aguacates^

maranoneSf

very

the

by

orchard-fields.

citrons, melons,

pomegranates,

drained

willingly assists,for

in gathering

compensation,

*'

carried

extensively

and

native

simple

the

Here

kinds

being

watered

district;

representative

its tributaries.

and

dealer

as

exportation

for

all the

taken

be

may

47

RESOURCES.

and
in

are

Puerto
cocoa-nut

its
the
Sal

W^^

mmmm

"mmm

I
48

THE

oil alone.
and

number

over

the

About

the

same

farm.

is

kinds

mierce, four different

from

the

on

oil which

the

to

eighteen miles wide,

Ysopo
by machinery produces

Elaboration
addition

is

productive trees.

22,000

growing

are

HONDURAS

principalcocoa-farm

The

counts

K"W

from

valuable

so

of tow.

After

pulp, the residue is utilized

the

in

cocoa,

article of

an

com-

the oil is extracted

as

desirable food

for

cattle.

large industry is that engaged in the production

exportation of sarsaparilla. This commodity,
commands
which
a
ready and extensive sale in nearly all
countries of the world, is readily obtainable
in Yoro, as
Another
and

in Honduras,

elsewhere

consignments

are

in the United

States

by

for trade
and

of the whole
Cortez.

Puerto

United

valuable

dealers

projected
opening up

Yoro, between

principaltraffic
cocoanuts,

and

Truxillo

contemplated is
pineapples, for*

States.

Precious

the

wholesale

for its object the

line of

Woods.

At

"

varieties of precious woods

the

department
the

railroad is said to be

coast

The

in fruits, chieflybananas,
the

year

to

Europe.

time,

capitalists,
having

Western

this

from

every

and

the present

At

and

made

exports of Honduras.

mahogany,

and

the

present

constitute
Those

best

the rose-wood.

an

time, the many

important item in

known

The

are

the cedar,

mahogany

grows

in

nearly all parts of the country, in the valleysof the various

It is,however, most
abundant
the low ground
streams.
upon
flow into the

Bay of Honduras,

it also attains its greatest size and

beauty.
is any quantity of

the

bordering
where

mahogany,
found

vita

lignum

along
from

Those

valleys of Comayagua,

the

In

rivers that

the

the
coast

banks
as

varieties which

mtmmilm

and
of

to

the

have

grow

there

The

cedar.
Sulaco
little or

finer

river,

are

no

qualities
so

commercial

in the mountainous

far distant
value.

districts

immm^

are

AGRICULTURAL

the

and

tallest

pine

department

of

in

show

to

furniture.

material

in

the

resident

the

construction

chairs,

sofas,

enabled

to

with

compete

this

By

superior

doing

so

in

dealers

foreign

city

furniture,

household

cabinets.

and

some
hand-

capital

the

utilized

have
of

called
of

Juticalpa,

artisans

bureaus,

wood

one

manufacture

the

In

variety

greater

There

all

hills.

the

on

even

in

alike

abundant

has

for

thrive

and

are

Olancho

unrivalled

durable

Olancho,

of

oak

and

products.

be

to

and

as

forest

held

ronron^

diameter,

greatest

The

temperatures.
The

the

of

49

RESOURCES.

such

they

these

are

necessary

articles.
district

This

black-wood,
woods

the

granadillo^

the

to

of

resins,

gums,

in

the

latter

and

guapinal.

being
in

of

sort

abundance,

iti

which

cedar,

almost

and

along
them

making
from

the

cloth.

the

in

forest,
the

of
of

easy

coast

the

to

rivers,

are

valley

situated

of

in

found

its
There

talascan

sufficient

tities
quan-

endless

conveniently

In

confluence

of
forests

hood,
neighbor-

of

and

Guayape
balsams,
of

varieties
crossed

steamboats,

same

the

the

near

by

the

used

being
also

are

access.

Juticalpa,

Among

product

navigable

great

well

exceptionally

balsam^

copal^

for

cotton

purposes.

rivers

Innumerable

mahogany.
wide

part

banks

very

Guayambre
and

attention,

water-proof
pine

of

is

caoutchouc

constant

repay

gum

of

are

various

for

specified

The

making

oils

and

species

others

and

uses;

food

produce

trees

yield

some

be

may

to

cedars,

beast

household

rich

sea,

and

above-mentioned

for

adapted

tracts

the

and

man

for

named

mahogany

of

ceibiu^

masicaran^

verde^

flourish

these

evergreen

(igtree,

espino

last

dye-

prevaiL

Some
both

All

forests

alaxar^
the

guano^

palm.

everywhere

shade

and

coyote

American

addition

the

teguaje^

Guanacaste;

walnut,

other

the

including

oak,

and

Juan,

guayacan^

ehihipaete^
native

San

sturdy

of

of

and

log-wood,

mulberry,

varieties

several

quantities

large

also

tamarind,

oak,

furnishes

by

the

limas,

dye-woods
Guayape.

mmm*

50

Whoever
to

NEW

THE

open

shall

up

magnificent
will

rich

of

Fibres.

notice

special

mescal),

the

in

flourishing chiefly
The
and

and

texture

with

lustre,

silk fabrics,

exceedingly
of

almost

The

is

are

following

Pita.

The

"

European

aloe

the

with

cactus,

confounded.

and

and

Dr.

1880,

mixing

for

threads.

finest
of

is

fibre

treatment,

proper
the

silky

This

which

Richard

Panama

not

as

actually
here

long.
into

It

is

strong
from

the
and
which

for

Consul

fibres

silky,

of

speaks
its

valuable

of

(I

of
and

gossamer

variety

is

There

do

Cruz,

Vera

at

**

pita

been

"The

{aloe Mexicana);

aloe

speaking

called

from

to

ago,
it

species

same

of

some

threads,

in

also

and

letter

years

States

saying,

commonly

name),

in

of

(the

proper

frequently

too

cultivating

United

the

has

three

species

fibres

these

aloe

an

Whiting,

some

it

of

one

from

it

which

of

of

lily family),

the

to

Mauritius

of

is reported

botanical

drawn

both

names

cactus

feet

belongs

Trowbridge,

plant, if
of

long,

pita plant differs

World/*

planters

fibre,

inches

finer, of

under

description

careful

Mr.

York

the

straw,

long, suitable

water-plant

interesting reading

prove

New

six

is

into

well-known

called

Comayagua.

feet

is capable,

and

subdivision

the

of

experiment.

by

deserving

Panama

or

pita

feet

four

fibrous

of

made'.

The

will

The

proved

endless

junco

hats

about

as

tough,

fibre.

kinds

(commonly

junco

three

about

energy,

those

agave

department

is

in

strong

the

its

exertions.

country,
or

and

the

leaf

mescal

the

maguey

plant,

pita

his

business

different

the

Of

his

to

for

return

"

the

are

by

enough

river, bringing

this

tribute

prolific throughout

so

white

in

harvest

Vegetable
plants

into

persevering

and

traversed

timber-lands

reap

enterprising

be

districts

the

HONDURAS.

webs

its

sixteen

are

capable

this

species

know

not

which

of

in

of

being

might

be

52

THE

inches

four
few

feet

in

the
the

course,
From

territory

of

is

the

tracts

the

threads

have

wool,

cotton,
done

The

silk;

silk,

in

especially

where

weight,

of

with

satisfaction
in

the

itself

the

to

The

Lyons,

of

manufaaurers

the
state.

pita

fibre

of

any

of

France,

at

fibre

this
and
this

at

did

not

but,

wide

Years

was

heard

the

shown
many

its

seems

work

under

and

result,
when

of

exclamations

strenj^th

not

patient
two

fabrics

at

complete

been

reached

here

to

microscope
on

further
to

open

inventive

of

surprise

reduced

siderable
con-

machinery

powerful

the

of

and

use,

writing,
has

with

mix

purpose

in

present

field

of

unexpected
lose

at

machines

these

the

invested

been

by

required.

are

general

fibre

thought

curtain

for

be^

can

pita

to

finish

for

have

and

inventor.

writer

market

the

been

heavy

and

with

this

valuable
of

that

flossed,
that

has

organized

the

when

As

found

durability

money

made

tests

be

been

the

separating

it

own,

than

Experiments

them.

manufacture

into

fibre

sums

for

the

have

this

bringing

would

strength,

Companies

its

when

durability,

finer

found

of

any

of

it

that

manufacturers

been

acres.

and

even

fibre,

from

hemp,

silk-worm.f

the

has

with

gloss

is

this

it

and

manilla

strength

fibre

back

thousand

to

fineness,

by

extensive.

extending

value

weaving

of

silky

in

spun

advantageously

possesses

in

The

acre.

per

containing

length),

in

exceedingly

and

ultimate

silk

or

is

times

four

feet

fibre

clean

mine
deter-

available

or

six

no

to

best

three
of

plant

found

but

of

of

equal

uses

made

been

be

is

superior.

far

tons

this

can

light

average

trees.

received

yet,

the

it

excepting,

impossible

leaves

water-courses,

fibre

to

five

is

here

forest

as

from

the

an

up

to

but,

cutting

by

of

crude

applied
it

(by

it

from

growth

tropical
has,

cutting,
;

its

and

possession,

plant

yield

stalk,

In

the

by

this
or

occupied

single

The

that

three

some

them,

occupied

bring

to

as

from

Along

exclusive

yield

so

year,

be

soil, taking

annual

this

sources,

will

length.

fact

exact

middle

no

in

cultivation

the

HONDURAS.

having

feet

space

the

systematic

width,

eighteen

to

monopolizes
of

NEW

the

the

part

fact

that

fine

floss

AGRICULTURAL

brains

required

were

still

be

marketable

valuable

found,

the

have

actual

by

the

be

to

pleted
com-

pita

done,

it

for

find

may

be

the

in

adaptability,

wide

tests,

of

quotation

will
its

of

because

shall

is

that

daily

waiting

some

leaf

green

perfected

was

machine

When

manufacturers

and

only

not

will

and

stalk,

practical

product.

fibre

reports,

the

from

reducing

of

machinery

proper

before

necessary

capable
to

before

fibre

remi

produce

to

63

RESOURCES.

plant
and

new

market-

our

hundred

but

uses,

it

because

fibre

vegetable

strongest

is

known.

Cattle.
the

of

exports

department
richest

the

reason,

available

actual
of

themselves

spacious

The
is

country

do

but

its

quality
in

raised

not

is

in

of

year

cattle
to

cattle

consume

with
from
Panama.

are

Balize,

full

Honduras.

Hides

powerful
milk,

of

an

bers
num-

supplied

the

to

coast.

to

destined

neighboring

the

to

Cuba.

Guatemala
the

nearly

Numbers

are

remarkable

Large

people.
are

own

constitute

and

proportion,

drawing

our

successfully

are

chiefly

made
and

yoke,

of

quantity

large

the

roving-

and

compact

the

north

America

Central

Salvador

common

the

along

Exports

the

to

is

nas
savan-

in

what

animals

of

property

broken

mahogany-works

of

the

wide

congenial

Honduras,

of

as

over

the

and

These

good.
portions

share

oxen,

yield

rule

in

above

short,

ings
wash-

gold-

wander

and

average,

form,

of

as

good

herds

size

tities
quan-

cattle-herds

the

finding,

in

Honduras

the

but

to

Vast

to

as

value

pasturage

grows

various

important
of

ample

strength

cows

of

Olancho,

ox

The

in

of

regarded

and

beauty

San

region.

forests,

open

grounds.

states

this

cattle-runs

and

in

secondary

to

bullion;

and

this

for

considerable

also

exports

tobacco

are

wealth

of

It

property.

and

of

departments

chief

the

form

relatively,

Olancho,

the

all

deer-skins

and
of

of

sarsaparilla,

source

hides

Cattle,

"

all

are

soon

and

latter
its

sent

to

country,

entire
also
become

supply
every
a

still

rfHHMMn"i*"i*"

64

TUB

HONDURAS.

NEW

important article of export, owinji^to the improved

of transportationnow
into the
being introduced

more

methods

country.

general character

The

its entire

throughout

for

favorable

country,

and

abounding

unfailingmeadows,

ancl is eminently
facilitiesfor cattle raising,

immense

affords

the

of

in natural

area

the

increase of

this

omission

one

kind

of

to

property

an

indefinite extent.

Opals.
interest

The

"

would

be

of

minor

point of peculiar

inexcusable.

deemed

this

For

reason

attention is called,at the close of this chapter of miscellany,

to

the

opals

of

The

mines

opal

by foreigners,for

story.

number

are

have

They

are

said

to

five inches

It

because
familiar

"""

seems

excluded
of

the

very

scarabaus,

One

"

and

three

inches

Mr.

Peacock

by

beautiful

ordinary white bean,

long

were

the

high

very

of these

men,
largerspecilargestprecious opal ever found, was a
situated on
a
cliff, the whole being about

be

found
fire-opal
so

Some

different shapes.

in

carved

another
tortoise,

castle

miniature

so

fire-opalof

of the

beautiful, and

and

was

partment
de-

recently
products of Honduras
Francisco,a collection of opalsbelonging to ex-

San

represented

ago,

The

years.

presidentSoto excited great interest

small

in the

worked, principally

stone.
insignificant-looking

very

exhibition

an

given in
large

situated

been

of

gem-loving

Some
equal rank with that of Hungary.
although as a rule the ordinary
very beautiful,

milk-opal is a
At

song

the

by

takes

specimens
or

and

of Honduras

of Gracias.

Honduras

celebrated

Honduras,

cavaliers of Spain in both

it

pity
from
absurd

square

these

gems

base.
few

years

larger than

that, although not

brought $350 in
that

the

at

in his mines

the London
should

an

market.

have

been

the American

jewelry-market solely
This
superstitionregarding them.

is of comparatively recent
superstition

itiMtM

imm

origin,having

^mmm

"""*

5A!"

AN*TOJ"tO

VILUOE.

AGRICULTURAL

received
it

in

considerable
a

fostered
of

novel

by

the

Sir

Parisian

this

gem

to

The

ancients

held

long

believed

to

the

object

"c

years

Who

did

From

And
Of
Who

had

be

wore

it

when

for

them

the

demand

the
to

was

scarcity
the

meet

from

away

in

high

very

luckiest

of

all

the

It

esteem.

jewels,

as

lived

man

possess

of

ring

hand.

beloved

and

God

turn

stone

the

ago

the

to

this

flashed

Which

Afterwards

to

available.

lines

Gray

given

time

impossible

'more

following

prominence

Scott.
at

being

their

others

Walter

it

made

stone

the

from

jewelers

demand,

was

impulse

by

66

RESOURCES.

secret

it in

this

to

East,
immense

the

bright

power
the

man,

the

worth

Opal

hundred

in

make

stone,
and

beauteous

beloved,

one

faith

and

confidence."

hues.

ness
wit-

CHAPTER

THE

mining

JL
in

INDUSTRY.

MINING

^HE

The

1502.

the

immediately

Mosquito

now

the

were

points
were

made

expeditions
followed

Next
of

the

present

towns

The

district

now

to

conveniently
have

been

the

America.

precious
the

of

conquest
the

later

plan
and

Cortez,

from

the

these

liest
ear-

interior.

unexplored

nuclei

trading-posts, the

of

the

on

Colon.

of

the

ments
orna-

cities.
known

entered
Mecca

All

them

Puerto

the

country.

from
of

its

gold-bearing

the

as

sands

the

the

rivers

department

flowed

streams

that

promised

seems

in Central

adventurer

Spanish
and

Olancho,

Truxillo,

of

port

of

the

over

wealth

untold

to

Castilian.
is

It
done
was

into

was

gold

the

years

and

settled,

establishment
and

most

Two

Truxillo,

first

of

department

expedition,

upon.

execution.

into

put

the

with

traded
the

first

determined

was

Omoa

who
as

that

of

result

sight

at

followers

of

resources

aroused

have

to

by Columbus

country

navigator's

great

known

said

be

may

of the

mineral

strongly

was

coast,
a

Honduras
was

of the
the

to

HISTORY.

PAST

Honduras

by the Indians

worn

As

of

discovery

attention

cupidity

Their

ITS

"

industry

with

begun

drawn

VI.

during
that

hunter,
labor,

first

the

involving
or

The

early

the

most
as

that

half-century

designated //sr^.

offered

coast

believed

commonly

The

the
of

the

virgin

remunerative

they

did

no

occupation

Spanish

of

streams

fields

special

mining

of

only kind

north

the

gold-

the

to

skill,

of

outlay

capital.
processes

miners

were

of
very

extraction

and

simple, being

separation
in

fact

on

used
a

by

level

the

with

58

performed

that

numerical

tribes, whose
to

annihilated

have

thirty
of

chief

the

yagua,

if

proportionately

about
to

that

to

one

hundred

could

pictured,

and

immense

forests, ranged
of

habits

The
the

succession

of

water-courses

different
their

motive.

prime

sands

of
;

the

while

rivers,

frequented

the

came

portions
be

considerable

that

in

order

where
the

between
to

combine

held

were

and

streams

with

the

all

to

the

of

dwellers

opposition
neighboring

it is

against

tribes
common

are

foe.

to

not

opposed

purely

was

of
of

uninhabited

and

were

of

courses

population

Furthermore,

Spaniards

the

to

the

the

interior

number.

which

game

Indian

the

ities
local-

those

to

sustenance

estimate

yet

Honduras

gold-bearing

following

Spaniard,

false

of

the

of

follow

to

obvious

reasons

attraction

by allotting

number,

Difficulties

to

beasts.

them'

invaders

afforded

contact

proportionate

presumed

aside

the

the

in

district

whole

of

made

and

country,

the

gave

river-banks

the

Probably

streams,

for
the

Spaniards

the

fish

the

country,

the

By

aboriginal.

the

which

those

from

lead

people

it

country
savannas,

wild

by dangerous

migratory

the

or

Peopled

plains, wide

dreary

of

area

millions,

present.

been

ulation
pop-

number

estimate,

an

three

some

have

limited

the

at

method

greater

Such

be

to

not

of

of

mustered

usual

country

to

time,

it is thought

was

of the

gives

at that

Honduras

extent,

to

there.

sustenance

the

Coma-

of

have

to

thousand,

continued,

what

plains

is said

section

that

savage

sufficient

seems

the

on

tribe

of

invaders.

of

This, according

give

courageously

forces

alone

fought

native

population,

times

ten

found

have

Honduras

battle

one

least

at

could

than

of

would

estimate,
of

little band

the

warriors.

thousand

who

preponderance

in

instance,

For

in admiration

said

men

be

to

less
defence-

and

weak

be

opposing

the

is

excuse

upon

determined

of

skillfully overcame

and

met

handful

mere

No

might

however,

Muchy

people.
of

practiced

cruelties

the

for

offered

soldiers.

"Spanish

the

by

HONDURAS.

NEW

THE

by

local.
often

While

laid
it

""MIM*MM"MM

"m

MINING

THE

is

possible

the

plains

it is

more

all

thirtj

that
of

is

of

the

of

than

dfty

Spanish

terrible

the

servitude, is
"

explanation

^ifthe

statement

to

manuscripts,

take

recite

crown,

invading
the

better

which

bands

too

of

Honduras

butcheries

record

So

recitals, that

publication

the

was

taken

reflected

honor

care

One

industry

of

arms,

their
even

lesson

of
the

of

before

put

credit
earliest

their

the

the

an

lot, and
slaves

behind

them

any
of

aware

fled
in

necessary

predicament,

to

the

the

helpless
in

and

which

and

State.

mining

the

in
the

the

gold

increasing
resort

mountains,
condition

the

of

these

account

futility of

tilling the

involving

blooded
cold-

were

to

longer

the

exploits

employed

peons

of

of

arms

Church

to

are

we

story

interdicted,

people
both

upon

the

of

part

valorous

was

the

of

series

the

Certain

If

the

Spanish

them

of

endure

Indian

the

of
to

lord

the

discouragements

of
to

assistance
such

disgraceful

revolt

masters

the

and

Unable

hardships
to

to

the

was

washings.

than

military heroes.

like

more

be

been
of

edicts

on

eye-witnesses,

reads

have

belief.

for

vigorous

to

burden.

the

such

of

received.

be
all

to

of

barbarism
almost

these

to

seem

beast

of

acts

of

is

survived

horrible

statements

conquest

than
have

ance
resist-

into bitterest

existence

native, ceasing

the

tion
consolida-

mighty

one

Comayagua,

Spain

of

more

of

sway
a

down
the

of

of

rule

unhappy
no

for

them

its existence

battle

the

The
becomes

Spanish

as

the

to

oppose

abandoned.

old

grinding

tyranny

natural

to

domain,

natives

the

of

and

miseries,

bling
assem-

For

the

under

in

determined

last

invader.

an

held

the

Subsequently
attempts

of.

untold

suffered

had

make

to

tribes

the

fighting forces

of the

army

intent

the

for

adapted

well

from

region

The

country.

and

encroachments

indeed,

years,

sword

to

with

recruited

was

on

Spaniards,

the

to

force

surrounding

force

against the

stand

this

that

59

gathered

were

battle

give

to

centrally located,

large

HISTORY.

PAST

Indians

thousand

probable

tribes

the

^^ITS

"

Comayagua

than

question

an

INDUSTRY.

leaving
without
The

ground.
danger

of

star-

mt

60

vadon
So

the

to

soon

as

induced

to

fostered

measures

the

was

the
a

Council

of

industry

mining

tithe

into

Taking

revenue

to

in

his

on

The

Spanish
the

to

industry

of

work

greater

was

laborers,

into

force

to

of

the

whilom

that

soil,

the

culture,
agri-

to

fifth."

No

prevailing

the

ing
amount-

until

the

after

became

slave

constant
was

the

the
the

service
the

for

causing

Spanish

the

men
plaint
com-

The

coast

the

upon

these

kept

in

requisition
Still

of

plantation-

to

robber-raids

of

coast

lack

main, lying in wait

fear

another

to
cause

to

be

to

frequent

north

descended

often

shown

are

in preference
on

the

petitions

numerous

mines

unattainable

miners

of

period

the

this

for

laborers

of

during
in

drawback
of

infested

on

scarcity

the

wherein

military

soldiers

principal points

for

the

and

King's

the

continuing

the

found

treasure-ships,

Spanish

of

that

fact

feeling apparently

production,

drafting

who

buccaneers

the

while

largely diverted

conducted

as

be

Another

them.

the

Owing

to

of

still extant,

crown,

of

Spain

tillage of

adduced

be

can

when

1821,

the

**

of

mines,

the

evidence

rule, is

capable

product
of

account

own

best

important

passed

in Honduras

was

superstition, and

independence
miner

title of

royalty consisting

from

detriment

in

work

strong

In

ment
govern-

the

indubitable

the

labor

plausible

so

for

King

the

to

the

of

part

solely

that

the

to

reason

distaste

supposed.
better

Council

wealth

great

derived

question

even

other

be

This

pro*

gladly

was

the

under

paid

be

consideration

was

it is beyond

paid

should

rapidly acquired

Church

dfth

for

be

agricultural product.

the

of

was

be

there

Church

the

that

should

policy

created

Indies."

others,

among

provide

to

the

this

could

actively

of

adopted

them.

upon

natives

reasonably

colonies

lost

not

the

That

may

council

Spanish

the

decree,

its

policy

Church

1,

151

year

*'The

naturally

was

by conciliatory
return,

by

of

to

Spaniards,

agricultural industries.

moting

the

HONDURAS.

HEW

THE

for

coast

protect
for

large
the
com-

THE

MIMING

plaint was

mines

the
the

to

Honduras

discovery

the

first

up

the

open

the

and

and

the

ing

as

The

districts,or

the

first

of
of

those

the

methods

could

not

Honduras

From

split rocks

of

the

been

an

suggested.

language

is

as

investigation to

time

when

and

then

has

efforts

miners

suddenly
date,

recent

very

in the
been

the

ment
improve-

behind

the

respect

estimate

employed

Mexico

ever
what-

; in fact

pioneer

Mexico,

behind

processes,

comparison

naturally

until

come
over-

were

task

these
the

such

knowledge

by heating

surface,
far

as

in this

forming
a

great

to

its mining

Honduras,

upon

to

have

States

In

applied

been

workmen

that

removed

the

dences
evi-

to-day

by the

scientific

No

force.

directed

has
of

successfully

Honduras.

indicate

evidences

were

been

found

be

by

designated

are

in

employed

intelligence which

portions

cooling

United

as

to

de

Juan

subdivided

established
are

Santa

ad join-

San

was

ago

veins

now

The

and

Juancito)

San

mining

These

have

to

accustomed

were

Lucia

years

of

of

brute

mere

of

districts

mining

appears

degree

latter

is

what

beginning
silver

the

of

operations.

Santa
few

regular mining-camps

difficulties

by

primary

of

mineral

early days.

natural

around

minerals^

the

of

these

In

mountains
of these

(which

creation

opening

offered

the

About

venture.

to

in hand,

was

surface-veins

and

years

made

was

conquest

the

century

scene

of

work

profitable

attempt

no

of

time.

fifty-seven

some

but

streams

The

the

were

made

was

mines.

more

Cantarranos
the

silver

sent

proximity

the

of

of vice- royalty at that

seat

invasion,

seventeenth

Lucia

the

and

drafted

were

because

Spanish

undertaken.

was

of

gold-bearing

readier
of

Guatemala,

prejudice

the

to

matter,

Miners

ties
authori-

by the

made

same

probably

country,

to

The
after

Honduras.

of

former

in this

Salvador,

of

61

HISTORY.

PAST

^ITS

"

in the discrimination

found

in favor
of

INDUSTRY.

of
of

But
in
warrant

the

that

beyond
the

two
a

mineral
country
the

possibilitiesof
with

fact

countries,

comparison.

that

Mexico
a

common

little is found

is

"

62

Prescott

this

upon

empire,

continent,

in the

Honduras,
tribes

the

America,

directed

order

to

this

to

Mexico,

gained

as

this

close

took

such

forward
its

its wants,

only

Guatemala,

and

contains
another

many

by

more

its quota
to

have

of

"

colony

to

the

front

the

city

that

no

wealth

wealth

given,
of

as

of

time

Spain*s

most

have

^.,

through
Horn.
to

its

yet like

contribute

to

it

which

brought

valuable

and

over-shadowed

this

encouragement
would

f.

Cape

Honduras,

And

municate
com-

its wealth

continuing

Spain.

of
that

to

in proportion

long

Mexico

that

was

way

under

Enjoying

able

known

country,

for

was

Spain.

possible

indirectly,
by

side,

every

wonder

no

making

mineral
it

on

it is

and

dance
abun-

an

mother-country,

industry.

neighbors,

without

rank

led

remaining

mining

Europe

to

much

the

Honduras

difficulty

had' it been
into^the

Spain,

thence

populous

done

the

protector,"

with

so

the

the

providing

development

strides.

it is probable

While

of

fullest

with

intimacy

with

area,

the

conditions

existing

the

lot of
of

regions, in

march

wealth

of

evidences

notice

result

that
from

hostile
a

"

population,

vast

with

immediate

the

claimed

rebels,

the

to

parallel in military history.

its

and

times

tages
advan-

mutiny

march

close

the

lieutenant

at

the

was

in

fortune

fell

celebrated
and

punish
a

with

labor,

of

It

and

without

day

his

his

Honduras

rich.

already

enjoyed

It

peace.

nomadic

established

he

headstrong

trackless

through
arrest

of

and
of

was

and

soldier.

make

to

There

while

home

seeking

world*

turbulent

Cortez

Mexico,

the

and

intelligent

prosperity

Mexico

steps.
old

leadership

immortal

of

was

chase.

therefrom

under

men

era

an

chieftain,

the

and

rough

the

his

with

derived
the

by

first appeared

well-established

population,

hand,

other

Spanish

relationship

already

great

fostered

the

Spaniard

the
was

subsisting by

Thither

when

Mexico

with

arts

on

HONDURAS.

that

shows

teeming

skilled

of

MEW

THB

is known
tionably,
unques-

this region

possessions.

""-i"

64

HONDURAS.

NEW

THE

that

at the

controllingthe

flow

of air-currents.

serious

How

miner

understood

day, may

be

Ore

and

water

carried

bags

reached
used

by

by

consists of

shaft

The
the

flightof stairs intended for

In order properly to
ancient fable.

else

it is assumed
has

depth

contains

for the

sake

of

one

say

one

the

hundred

in leather

ten

feet

than

more

the water

state

problem,

certain mine

fiftyfeet, and

and

is

long,

anything
giantsof

of the

use

of illustration that

it

that

To

gallonsof water.

thousand

hundred

present

series of sections,

reseml)lcs

whole

the

interior

the

mining,

timbers, about*

notched

of

means

at

as

to

was

the

mines

the

from

shaft

In

water

followingstatement

the

removed

are

ladders.

as

from

men.

posos^ so that

or

of
problem this matter
in former
well
times,as

of Honduras

ence
mine, a differ-

of the

mouth

within the shaft and

reach

be climbed.
Hence
poles must
depth, fifteen notched
is limited to
the force of men
employed in raisingthe water
fifteen,part of these ascending while the others descend
of round
maximum
the shaft. The
trips daily made
by

that

these

than

gallonsor

(the

men

such

each

by

nearly twelve

man

per

hundred

one

days would

in raising the
shaft),
State

of

and
be

one

of water, at

of the
of

mine,

at

least

operationthat
the

recover

flow
rate

mine,

into the
of

say

ten

has

the

twenty-fourpounds.
by this force
being employed in
thousand
gallons.

hundred

lifted

be

seen

that

If

thousand

no

small

the
the

loss

mode

For, in order

described.
that

million

three

by machinery in

insignificant
depth, means
under
the disadvantages of
just been

tity
quan-

be greater

an

it is necessary

shaft

not

consumed

Pennsylvania, over

and
pumped
gallons have been
twenty-fourhours.
the
From
foregoing it may
amount

tripwould

capable of

greatest number

Whereas, in the

forty for each, and

exceed

not

raised

water

fifteen

Thus

of

would

men

of

more

water

to

should

shaft is receivingwater
at the
gallons,it is making a thousand

the

iM"aM*i

mimmmmmmmiammmtm

"""

i^

""^^

gallons
aid

the

INDUSTRY.

MINING

THE

per

day

of

ladders
in

Again,

than

more

and

the

where

Only

in these

cases

points
is

Nor

from,

chosen

there

having

the

permits

the

aid

by

above.

and

the

tunnel

in such

these

at

of

on

the

lumbreras

distance

generally

cases

air-shafts

of

found

The

surface

opening

of

means

the

of

drawn

are

carrying

the

between

machinery

of

from

surface

And

been

length

to

is any

air-currents.

of

having

the

by

being obtained

(sky-lights),driven
between

air

considerable

of

ventilation

the

mines

employed.

exists

exit

and
the

more

observable.

altitude

of

air sufficient

to

access

tunnels

or

of

the

Tunnels

an

work,

into,

and

older

favorable

were

entrance

evidence

any

kind.

any

the

for

forced

or

was

difference

great

no

in the

use

conditions

natural

Judging

f)ut little science

ventilating-shafts

to

by

serious

as

problem.

water

evidently in

the

attention

the

in the

as

operations, there

extended

ventilation, quite

of

matter

methods

the

surface

the

to

tatuUeros.

di"5culty is experienced
from

raised

be

can

65

HISTORY.

CONTEMPORARY

"

moderate

expense.

principle

The

in

Honduras
does

not

the

first

appear

of

of

beyond

native

primitive

it

but

century,
extended

been

ever

the

to

present

in

adopted

was

pump

the

has

use

blast

Bunsen

half

its

that

furnishing

the

the

of

smelting-

works.
it

Furthermore

shafts

tunnels

or

Indeed,

miner,
water,

after

wealth

of

known

One
to

the

district

ground

was

by
of

device

the

Spanish

to

most

same

Mexican

was

the

Honduranian

in

the

as

into
the

the

of

the

interesting
by

the

or

of

miners

of

1747,

by

to

means

the

of

country

Prior

Chili

worked

arraster^

year

Yuscaran.

name

period.

the

pulp by hand,

the

crown

of

extensive

any

about

known

discovery,

the
the

the

that

appear
until

cut

introduced

not

was

until

ore

the

that

not

were

behind

far

so

does

mineral

the

that
of

by
latter

time,
the

the

ance
appli-

milL
the
of

petitions presented
Honduras,

praying

"mm"^mmm

66

NEW

THS

improvement

for the

afford

contents

which

HONDURAS.

their condition,is dated

of

fair illustration of

mining industry

the

Its
1799.
difficulties under

the

laboring

was

both

before

and

after that year.

miners

The

expressing

assembled

of Yuscaran

their

affairs,and "of suggesting

bringing

about

worthy

revival

of note

{a) Lack

for

the

Crown

of

the

all

the

of

purpose

existingstate

the

to

hardships complained

the

Among

with

dissatisfaction

some

of
for

means

important industry.

of,

the

following

are

of laborers.

(3) Excessive

**

taxation,aggravated by the

"

red tape

which subjected the miners to useless

expenditures,involvingcircumstances
entirelywithout

of the local government,

benefit

to themselves

and

very harrassing.
{c) They complain,further,of the refusal
of Yuscaran
to giveto the mineral
government
five

mines

in

that

quarter cents
sent

never

{d)
and

to

on

Also, of

capita a

week

foreignersand
the

to

wares

{e) That

that

they no

the

six and

taxed

merchants

bringing produce
had

of Yuscaran
thither

came

on

been

so

business

the laborers

away

the north

to

San

designated for their mines were

Salvador or drafted for militaryservice

coast.

in fact, that

of

silver,only a
whereas, formerly

been

being

longer

with the prosperityof

so,

forty-

for the service of

for the services of workmen

markets

(/) They submit, that

and

drafted

some

the mines.

unjustlytaxed
expeditions.
either sent

district.

per

That

other

been

had

who

workmen,

the local

of

the
few

these

abuses

mining

fered
greatlyinter-

had

in the district ;

thirty-fiveknown
were

seventeen

of

at

all ;

constantly in operation,at

that

reduction- works
time

but

three

I.

much

veins

being worked,
native

so

gold
and
had
were

active.

Mft"a

warn.

They

failure

to

of

in

ore

their

that

conclusion^

difficulties

but

mines,

the

0?

HISTORY.

CONTEMPORARY

"

in

plead,

owing

not

INDUSTRY.

MINING

THE

the

to

are

of

want

workmen.
the

While

mining

laid

stress

delivery

of

in

translation

have

been

of

entire
and

in

of

had

developments
slow

The

history

of

efforts

of
of

Honduras,

depth

also
feet.

to

the
called

There,

the

however,

and

Indeed,
and

pump--

involved

in

habitually

the

that

vein,

the

of

lateral

of

evidenced

as

by

this

Mina

Grande,
the

tunnel.

mine

from

to

work

in

the

to

the

reference

celebrated'
of

means

Mina

drifts

was

tunnels,

illustrated

vein

mines,

vice-versa.

skill,

open

by

these

by

depth

this

correspond.

to

be

in

follow,

surface-side

of

mining

of

Lucia,
worked

the

extent,

not

principles

that

means

may

Rosas

Santa

successfully

mountain,

no

does

ventilating,

the

of

upon

growth

the

for

in

of

or

to

Santa

driven

accompanied

absolutely

by

been
It

to

up

of

feet

description

the

knowledge

conducted

pages

seems

mineral

have

magnitude,

development

to

the

hundred

were

show

sidered
con-

and

century,

Yuscaran.

machinery

of

lack

in
four

of

corresponding

the

where

hundred

that

it shown

is

problems,

mine

in

as

these

development

length,

greater

absence

sacrificed
or,

shafts

is

protest
into

present

decided

shaft-developments

tunnels

these

that

even

well

as

nor

the

ing,

said

of

tunnels

however,

the

is

the

more

is

petition.

particularly

effected,
It

that

for

material

above

the

the

of

early

quicksilver,

of

introducing

of

terms

1823,

year

Lucia.

district,

the

the

for

Comayagua.

of

for

beginning

the

of

from

seen

indispensable

city

the

warrant

of

Since

and

in

is best

pounds

importance

sufficient

the

hundred

one

limited

How

request

upon

but

to

others.

country,

which

be

to

historical

about

petition

six

stated

the

of

reference

the

of

story

purposes,

The

the

that

some

amalgamating
therein

tells

operations

mining

the

were

the

it

district,

has

petition

foregoing

Grande
had

They
the

depth

terminated

top

of

of

four

not

68

THE

because

of

failure

ventilation.
above

being

water

no

Unable

driving

to

esteemed

proved
in

driven

explanation
that

to

had

the

the

at

all

three

the

year

district

Lucia
has

in

political

existence,
No

altogether.

which

except
of

ascertain

to

known

The

inaccuracy

of

in

these,

or

owners,
about
the

present

of

recovery

work,

abandon,

to

the

Gatal^

the

the

operations
until

the

as

of

Rosas

the

time

the

in

work.

other

that

Grande,

stupidity,

entanglements

all

towards

still

existence,

led

and

From

done

been

indeed

Mina

vein

by

time.

same

this

1823,

was

if not

the

apparent

their

combined,

causes

this

of

still

the

or

expense,

old

the

miner

superior,

the

instrument

no

tunnel,

driven

was

below

Mexican

tunnel,

missing
for

direction

Another

of

purpose

feet

upon
The

given

be

the

regulate

failure.

semi-circle,

can

miners

the

Mexicans

the

the

for

his

the

presented,

thus

the

as

Chiquito,

Rio

mountain.

hundred

that

dred
hun-

trade.
of

work

however,
was

his

of

The

indicates
Honduranian

the

master

six

of

want

eight

some

Grande

Mexicans

point

for

the

difficulty

the
of

still

were

Mina

the

number

from

simply

but

water-level,

upon

fact

by

they

with

This

works.

depth,
natural

cope

tunnel

ore-body,

found

imported

Rosas

as

the

HONDURAS.

the

of

that

At

feet

KEW

Santa
little

year,

famous

once

properties^
What

the
in

has

and

smelter

all

apply

quantities
the

mines

attacked
that

too

from

point
great

as

to

as

district

mineral

to

large

than

gleaner

Every

long
permit

highest

the

of

bringing

be

may

well

to

added,

work

better

shows

Honduras
of

ventilation,
and

Spaniards,
point,

available

possible.

as

as

as

miner.

of

by

It

country.

economically

water

opened
the

applies

does

principles

correct

of

the

of

Lucia

Santa

Honduranian

the

that

general,

the

of

districts

mining

other

ability

said

been

When

to

*the

the
to

or

of

lack
handle

In

effectively.
the
and

depth
surface

veins
worked

was

the

were

from

reached
poorer

mmmim

MINING

THE

grades

of ore,

ore

portions

be

to

resources

and
In

of

order

to

gained

The

miner,

of

ore

directed
To

In

five

the

proceedings,

mine

As

to

any
a

of

reach

iture
expend-

by

the

''

degree

dip

of

means

native

workpan.

to

day's requirements.

Such

The

the

the

the

plans

are
a

the

of

now

next

step

This

work
other

this stage

and

ihtposo
interior

the

of

This

excavation

of

work

loses

its

shaft
this

supporting

no

efforts

besides

from

until

his

varas^

vein.

out,

skill of

code

feet

ore-body,

that

so

mining

artificial props,

mining

development,

in

the

of

vernacular

gigantic stairway.

of

the

first

of fifteen

upon

of

plan

of

necessity

the

carrying

of

gougings,"
a

of

the

mining

fifteen

is persisted

as

methods

judge

upon

in
of

extent

and

form

at

native

his

mine,

about

reasonable

the

situation

indications, still,as

depth, formerly

or

course

the

excellent

an

shaft, called

of

one

tunnels,
the

amount

of

of

natural

opening

similar

of

system

character

proper

by

Instead

assumes

is extended

though

to

varas

characteristics.

"

of

beyond

was

requisite

the

requirements

the

meet

determines

it

But

ing
accord-

here.

revealed

excavation

gallery

the

unaware

mine

the

driving

the

understanding

amiss

digging

to

scarcely

were

description

some

this posif had

reduced

'*

fuller

improved

not

to

country,

an

be

as

predecessors.

is

provide

Honduranian,

has

poso.

as

in

elsewhere

by attacking

etc.

to

time,

will not

quality

used

labor.

present

mining

Honduras

of

shafts, adits, vent-hples,

the

richer

portions

backing"

or

as

vein.

the

of

depth, the

poorer

plans, involving

well-defined

their

the
'*

miners

Spanish

the advantage

of

portions

far

so

work.

The

to

except

considerable

and

"filling"

for

subterranean

of

at

richer

the

at

get

selected

were

material

to

69

HISTORY.

discontinued,

was

mined

was

":ONTEMPORARY

work

the

in order

necessary
When

INDUSTRY."

skill has
as

No

he
work

been

had

were

appears

interior

work

displayed
limited
to

have

by

by

the

simply
been

70

THE

with

done
timbers

up

occasion,

it

and

how

their

that

how

shows

demand

mttal^

the

added

to

that

has

been

depth
within

the

the

called, usually

the

in

native

one

of

are

time.

the

primitive

obtaining

iron

of

water

is known

as

column

it is obtained
Iron

Honduras,

at

of

for

of

an

by

means

exceptionally

the

quality is

in

Algeteca,
This

pure.

^m

difficulty

the
In

better-

the

by driving

cylinder, according

principle.
of

ore

crude

hindrances

chief

is obtained

blast

of

by

itself,and

upright

Bunsen

superior
notably

the

among

amount

separation.

is

ore*

its character.

operation

small

The

done.

surface,

vein- material

performed

blast
of

to

to

iix
a

the

selected

This

treating

the

furnaces,

the

and

is made

ores

the

according

purposes

down

all

present

well
of

form

to

lift

pay

although

work,

native

constructed

is

not

methods,

is nevertheless

machinery,

these

ore,

considerable

of

workmen.

capable

This

of

"

smelting-works
miners

high grade

When

described,

the

by
three

sixty

than

profit.

selection

"

the

mining

of

value

this

yields

gresses.
pro-

is

metdi^

methods

greater

pay-streak.
the

already
"

His

work

brosa^ is carefully selected

it would

as

the

as

called

make

to

or

reached,

mine,

The

what

in

pay-streaks,

carry
vary

of

ore

him

to

from

down

treated

protections

principles involved

miner.

so

manner

thrown

of

lost

provided,

the

pay-streak,

an

"

are

than

frequently

were

Honduras

enable

vein-material,

while

the

better

the

which

of

native

the

by

ton

per

The

at

of

of

this

of

ore

smelting

and

veins

richness

and

extent

dollars

the

all

object sought

"

were

knowledge

vide
pro-

outlasted

builded

works

to

construction.

The

in

native

The

intended

they

If

workmen

poor

the

meagre

Nearly
the

fact

the

operations.

were

needs.

because

The

by cavings

excavation

the

immediate

was

knew.

HONDURAS.

facilitatingfuture

to

within

for

only

they

view

set

NEW

ordinary

In

ing,
smelt-

hand-bellows.

common

found

in

where

the

district

to

of

some

parts

magnetic

Algeteca

is

of
ore

the

wmm^tm

"MM

THE

MINING

far

districts

that

arises

reduction

for

iron
this

regularity

workmen

The
found

in

is

as

and

to

when

refractory

ores,

the

operations

demand

the

with

for

iron.
oxides

benefit

of

iron

metallic

is

on

the

of

use

reap

ore

that

ing
obtain-

carried

not

into

converted

present

moisture

is

make

to

content

in

natives

steady

iron

undeveloped.

fact

are

create

abundance,

thereof

portion

to

are

there

work

the

of

is

It

the

up

open

by

The

it.

upon

remains

experienced

purposes.

department

sufficient

to

and

Company,

begun

industry

great

difficulty

the

been

undertaken

yet

71

HISTORY.

Syndicate

have

has

that

Hence

American

Central

one

no

CONTEMPORARY

"

developments

no

because

in

the

of

property
thus

INDUSTRY.

such
the

by
into

introduced

the

smelter.
For
while

in

This

ore.

mercury
which

the

such

the

over

the

the

of

of

period

in

all

the

six

weeks

hard

heaps,

pounds

amalgamation

ized
pulver-

having
into

re-mixed,
with

of

mass

yard

yard-system

or

gathered

are

has

in

are

or

each.

order

At

that

precious
is
the

of

accordance

investigations
abandoned
still

very

the

solved

thing

the
metal

ordinarily
of

ores

with

problem

of

by

mines,

now

the

one

has

built,
heart

impracticable.

the

properties.

companies,
field

of
It

from
of

the

of

of
Several

various

developing

these

come

introduction

the

principles

modern

made

valuable

into

in

change
lately

Amapala

heretofore

engaged

years

road-way,

of

port

now

three

or

afifairs.

of

machinery,

companies

two

past

Coast

belt,

heavy

are

reduction-works,

hundred

contact

complete

aspect

Pacific

silver

the

used,

heap.
Within

the

in

the

for

required

is

ore

contains.

ore

in

done

heaps

come

commonly

the/i7//"9

By

twenty-four
these

may

is

the

inten*als

stated

is

system

quicksilver

mixing

about

of

montones^

with

Here

floor.

level

the

prevails.

mixing

the

meant

patio
improved

few

very

barrel-system

German
is

the

the

ties
proper-

mining.
it

their

appears

From
that

appears

operations,
that

the

3BE9C

72

THE

of

amount

but
and

extracted

ore

small

HONDURAS.

from

proportion of

to-day the

indolence

NEW

the

them
by the Spaniards formed
originalwealth of the mines

only obstacles

of the

people

rapid development

to

their inabilityto cope

and

are

with

the
the

difficultiesof the situation.

advantageous conditions

the

Under

laborers
the mining districts,

varying from
per

thirty-sevenand

These

day.

efficient

as

workmen,

any,

With

sober.

besides

the

latelyintroduced
to

proved

systems
that

the

half

prevailingin

now

be

cents

proper

had,
to

at

one

wages
dollar

guidance, are

of ventilation and

country,

old

the

mines

that

as

and

pumping

were

ually
effect-

rdgime give promise of large

under
intelligentand scientific

examination

Careful

that

under

capitalinvested

management.

plenty can

being conscientious, tractable

new

into

under

sealed
returns

in

of

these

claims

has

in

industry of

Honduras,
giving
mining
large yieldsof wealth in the past, has only indicated the
The
of its immense
resources.
clusion
conpresent possibilities
is believed
no

country

to

its area,

and

so

rich

of
so
a

the

to

great

incontrovertiblyestablished,that

be

world
an

deposit of

at

present

extent

of

the

contains,in proportion
mining territory,

valuable

precious metals.

""i

CHAPTER

VIII.

GENERAL

the

0F
the

in Honduras,

the

to

enterprisesstarted within

many

years

owing

INFORMATION.

fact that

country

travelers

few

information

and

little is known

citizen,is generallyconfined
in which

the

by

Messrs.

of the

many
and

of

department

worked

borhood
neigh-

are

Gracias, and
Peacock

finest

the

near

are

mines

these

; from

their way

find

gems

Erandique,in

principal ones

Burdet

and

of

town

the

into the

American

European markets.
Mention

be

may

present engaged in
coast

Puerto

near

made

of

active business

an

in fruits

profitabletrade

on

cocoanuts.

river.

the Chamillicon

these

Both

concerns

by energetic Americans, hailingfrom

Other
fruit-growersalong the
loads

of

firm

at

the north

in bananas
Cortez, dealing principally

From
the same
point another
of
quantities
mahogany, cut from the
exports large

and

the

from

in the

located

works

to

of

general tour

obtained

be

ten

past

he lives.

Opal Mines

The

to

make

the

by the public,

fruit by steamers

and

the
coast

are

State

company
banks

of

managed
gan.
Michi-

of

ship immense

by sailingvessels

to

New

Orleans.
The

formed

river Aguan
in

obstructions
The

New
and

government

this company

undertaken.

York

is

now

for

the

being opened by a company

of clearing it
purpose

exportingfruits
has

conceded

in consideration

and

woods

from

of

its banks.

certain adjacent territory

to
of

the

improvements

thus
^

74

THE

regard

With

Cortez

Puerto
Pedro

thus

repairs

The

Portorillos

making

far,

obviously
commercial
General

by

who

to

proposes

of

capital

Portorillos

chief

fully
successfully

city

completed

west

include

rail-road

coast

the

construction
the

present
is

route

road

from

San

the

fruit-

raisers

sidered
con-

already
Lorenzo

Olancho

from

which,

during

report

river

in

the

and

is

the

at

north

mines

in

the

department

mines

miles
with

successful,

most

working

See

through

the

on

of

favorable

by

Segovia

wise

old

line

of

and

40,

sum

p.

84.

gold
works
Sula.

management
in

machinery.

in

and

Pedre

San

judicious

putting

p.

Their

of

large

French

Cruz

Santa

Barbara.

spent

IV.,

of

company

southwest

before

Chapter

the

Santa

of

thirty
which

for

working

coast,

about

company,

the

point

reached

be

writing

present

the

proved

to

of

surveying

by

river.

the

on

has

from

district,

the

fot

interest

road

in

out,

the

also

followed

was

Juticalpa

miners

located

coast

year,

to

mining

on

There

road

in

Tegucigalpa,

to

past

carried

Cortez,

north

Truxillo

the

steamers

the

rail-roads

of

partly

Puerto

to

along

building

the

already

plan,

Truxillo

from

for

projects

recent

Hondtrras

This

government

Tegucigalpa.!
Other

are

the

on

the

The

the

of

Santa

with

The

that

as

of

Tegucigalpa,

country.

practicable

as

by

to

the

of

undertaken

contract

improvement

the

to

department

years.

provement,
im-

This

been

under

road

twenty

this

from

and

the

next

augment

wagon-road

to

the

for

government

the

of

holds

now

has

the

railway

importance

country,

Commandante

Kraft,

Barbara,

the

of

progress

the

terminus.

considerable

of

one

that

into

extend

inland

the

San

stated

further

will

projected

now

of

town

be

miles

thirty

laid

the

it may

inland,

between

operation

and

coast

miles

already

in

now

Atlantic

the

is

HONDURAS.

railway

thirty-eight

road-bed

interior.

the

to

on

Sula,

the

NEW

preparing
This

"*M"

GENERAL

plan
two

them

enabled

has

The

since

or

years,

coast, is

to

their

other

only

75

INFORMATION.

bullion steadilyfor about

export

machinery

work

of

hydraulicmine

put in operation.

was

importance

any

the

on

north

line of Guatemala,

the

boundary
the
paying handsomely. In Santa Barbara
the natives
unoccupied. In Olancho
mining districts are
are
engaged in mining operations on a small scale.
a

said

be

to

main

The

on

the

for

reasons

mining in Olancho

difiScultyattending placer

the distance

are

be

brought for hydraulic work,

being brought to the mines under

which

from

and

the

precious

the

lying

metals

order

must

its
place
dis-

to

There

expense.

undoubtedly, in spiteof long continued

extract

in

pressure

large quantitiesof gravel at small

water

necessityfor

are

native exertions

nearest

hand,

to

to

good

leagues of rich deposits,chieflyin the hilly

Guayape river,awaiting improved methods
country
of hydraulic mining.
In addition to the obstacles
already
is a valleycountry with a higher temmentioned, Olancho
perature
many

square

the

on

than

adapted

that

the

to

is still very

there

roads

wagon-

of

the

Pacific slope,and

requirements

have

health.

of

expensive,owing
yet been

as

the

to

not

well

so

Transportation
that

fact

built into the

interior.

no

The

interests
its most
in Olancho
form
important and
galpa
profitableindustry. The ores of Paraiso and Teguciinclude
free-millinggold ores, refractorygold ores,
in almost
silver ores
every variety.

cattle
most

and

good example

A
one

known

by

hundred

and

of about

from

three

old

feet
further

discovered

in

the

old

miners

The

up

This

opening

An

fiftyfeet

mining property is
was
opened upon

prosperous

Spanish

worked

being
was

the

Rosario.

working.

abandoned
made

the

as

of

new

old

found

was

to

depth

vein had

depositof

the hillside.

an

the

of

have
about

average

latter

up
of

an

been
two

width

vein is now

same

This

building a road-way
working. This continuation

"*

to

the

the

ore

body

mountain

the vein is of

"|""MWV"""""***"

76

known

the kiDd

the

as

in the

mine

no

is

There

the Rosario

of

its advantageous situation

is said to widen

fissure and

true

fifteen feet.

places to twelve or
exceptional success
Probably

HONDURAS.

K"W

THB

in

that the

is largelydue

mine

question

regards the

as

doubt

no

of

to

waUer.

country is superiorto it in

whole

this respect.
Animas

The

mine

profitablyworked
being

silver

of

width

from

thickness

reduction
of

fuel

can

be

the mechanical

inches

With

President

to

lead

in the
and

fuel.

from

the

results

obtained

the
to

from

in the

law

1^^^^

average

may

by

character

in the process
and

of

Santa

thus far almost

General

by
the

to

He

needed

the

He

ciates
appre-

practical
wagon-road, making a

the

recent

capitalcityand

the

to

pledges his government

assistance

in these desirable

instance,all citizens being,by

of the land, soldiers under

mmmtmmt

the

that country.

afforded

principalmining districts.
For

and

Bogran, the
mining enterprises
by American
companies, that
that in his opinion this is the

building of

furnish promptly every

lead

successfully

the

towards

Pacific Ocean

developments.

be

Pacific slope has been

the

benefits

the

an

Yuscaran, Rosario

there
recently undertaken
s
gentleman distinctlytates
most
important work yet begun in

highway

varying in

Wherever

profitonly measurable
appliances employed

Honduras,

highly the

value

average

vein

by

About

preceding chapter,is the

by mining operations.
regard to the attitude of
of

the

feet,with

seven

ers
own-

processes.

be

to

been

obtained

results

smelting

has
the

difficultiesattending the native

described

Aside

Companies,

Lucia

untouched

moderate

easilyobtained, smelting

on, with

reduction.

Angeles
eighteen years,

feet.

readilyavailable

carried
of

process,

los

this mine, the

from

fourteen

de

of

said

of the commonest

One

lack

taken

of three

is

ton

per

ore

the

native

crude

ninety dollars

period

with

content

the

of

means

the Valle

at

for

the

of the governrequisition

THE

they did

why

Americans

look

not

issue

would

of servitude
as

soon

in

the
that

of

return

which

from

they

it

Then

ditions
con-

freed.

that

But

abolished

been

Americans

towards

was

influx of
hated

now

slavery had

that

of

coming
an

the old

were

States, their sentiments

radicallychanged.

were

They

they understood

as

in the United

upon

feared

favorably

their country.

to

Americans

HONDURAS.

NEW

the

laws

new

enacted.

were

For
"

party

number

has

the continuance
State.

The

of

the

of

This

in Honduras.

party favors
and

existing separation of Church

representativesof

conservative

''liberal

so-called

past, the

years

in power

been

party, which

opposite

the

idea form

is numerically very

the

small, and

yearly growing smaller.

Spanish American

In

is a dictator.
the

country

It is

the

the

resources

therefore, there is
from

commonly

its

and

generally,the president
conceded
by the people that
at his disposal
While,
are

countries

Congress, composed

different parts

voice
controlling

of

in state

the

country,

confirm, or withhold confirmation

president and his ministers,yet when

representatives

having nominally

matters, and

duty it is

whose

from, the

to

session, the president has

of

of

acts

this congress

is not

the
in

him

to
delegated to
judgment in the affairs of the government.
The
for that matter, is made
that
Congress itself,
up of men
without
exception, in perfect accord with him
are, almost
all questions. Care is observed
to fulfill all legalrequireon
ments
of considerable
in any state
action, to the extent
act

upon

his

red-tape,even
the

At

whether

polls.
and

own

in unimportant matters.
times

of

foreignor
Votes

for electors.

are

The

presidentialelection,every

native, is entitled
cast

number

there is usually

of the

full power

no

directlyfor

to cast

the

of candidates

to

resident,
vote

at the

president,instead of
is limited,however,

specialhindrance

president,if he desires

his

continue

to the

re-election

in office.

"^

GENERAL

is

Honduras
have

been

produced,

devoted

of

has

in

pursuits

industry.

Only

plantations

We

cochineal

the

cochineal

trade

but

this is

of

now

aniline

little

fear

within

doors

it

in

region

among

of

typhoid

do

of.

heard

the

for

prudent

Cases

of

to

temperature

midday

there
In

the

dry

is little

there
crossed

be

may

the

by keeping

evaded
seasons

districts

and

malaria

where

in

up

any

is

trouble

himself

guard

to

United

times, making

at

occur

the

unknown*
the

Pulmonary

visitor

taking

is

common

small-pox

in

situated

all

are

Honduras.

foreign

previously

be

district

character,
in

exist

not

the

single day's riding.

hills,

the

extending

lands

At

rules,

by the traveler,

where

other

at

this low

reached

hygienic

low

may

and

principal mining

Diseases

rarely

industries,

introduction

the

to

when

country,

midsummer.

our

malaria

kind, since

the

coast,

in

as

night

ground

The

States,

large
its vast

of

large plantations

experienced

be

Fahrenheit.

100^

to

at

this

high

pine

states.

any

spite

by observing

through

liability to

the

the

past.

principal

principal

the

the

ural
agricult-

to

the

in this

past, owing

the

oppressive

as

of

the

existed

need

from

90^

season

risk

far

time

have

in

Honduras,

preserved

passing

back

from

is

heat

is

years

however,

the

paid

ple
peo-

it has

neighboring

the

of

in

exported

fifteen

one

malaria

of

when

miles

ranges

in

was

be

may

excepting
thirty

in

past

once

of

by

agriculture

except,

thing

America,

Its

dyes.

Health
and

the

that

cactus

and

attention

instance,

must

industry,

silver

as

cultivated

been

resources.

of

as

within

this

much

Honduras
for

Guatemala,

In

country.

Central

and

gold

mining

to

of

states

been

never

chiefly

the

amount

greatest
There

emphatically

among

79

INFORMATION.

prolonged

by

cination,
vac-

residence

there.
In
go

pine region the

the

beyond

always

cool,

M"MiM

temperature

and

comfort

days

warmest

of

75^

requires

to
at

90^
time

of

do

summer

The

the

nights
addition

not
are

of

80

THE

second

for

blanket

Indian

half

hundred

here

thousand

the

Prior

all

are

nal
aborigi-

the

the southern

namely,
does
the

to

and

thicklypopulated

more

number

the

souls.

of

whites in this section.

few

country,

Pacific,is the

the

slope to
portion,yet even

of

that of

as

Honduras

Spaniards and
but

are

the

of

western

climate

the

healthful

Eastern

of

the

of

There

stock.

other

and

York.

population

Ladrinos^ descendants

The

short

In

equable

as

New

native

The

HONDURAS.

covering.

is

mining country
Pennsylvania or

NEW

exceed

not

decadence

two

of

the

much
mining industry,the population was
greater ; but as
with the
business
activitydiminished
departure of the
Spanish employers of labor, the inhabitants of Honduras

drifted into the

neighboring states.
is, in fact, but little difference

There

natives of Honduras

and

those

between

the

In their

of Guatemala.

and religious
and
institutions,
political
characteristics,

life,they are

of

to

are

certain

important features
hand,
due

the character

to

America, who

which,

for

of

Mexico

or

for

This

the

carried

over

the

ground
On

desire

to

and

the

the

for

the

the

of Central

tribes from

is unknown,
of

travelers
sort

every

least-frequentedroads without
of the Central American

politicalanimosity
our

one

largely

toward

inhabitants

institutions,the

in

goods, whereas

valuable

merchandise

the

is

desperadoes of Mexico are

explain why in many
parts
needed
to-day for travelers

to

brigandage

case

ple
peomany

the

on

This

other.

aboriginalIndians

modern

help

contrary,

imitate

of Mexico

people
on

are
militaryescorts
transportationof

Again, in

Mtoi^ka

the

molested, and

never

no

of

may

America

Central

the

notably superiorto the savage

were

example,

descended.

is

from

habits

American

Central

The

homogeneous, distinct in

extent

America

South

of

or

alike.

much

race-

surest

are

may

be

fear.

states, there

our

evince
token

own
a

try.
coun-

strong

of admiration

general good feeling.

"*C

GENERAL

is much

There

states.

Considerable

the

ten

past

This

example,

For

there

the

smelting

has

ores

Yet

day.

per

attained.

much

So

ventilating,

working
localities
Abundance

of

shaft-work,

smelting,
in

present

ample

water-power

and

oak

fuel

and

charcoal

ores

and

supplemented

by
be

would
for
In

the

dry

material

for

The

iron,

from

cessful
suc-

many
season.

ing,
buildfluxes

necessary

and

with

mines

in

even

obtainable

or

that

ground.

provides

wit, silica, limestone,

the

constantly

requisites

the

on

pine

are

veins,
selected

of

doubt

no

these

natural

available

ton

as

shafts.f

are

deposits

either
near

mines.
To

state

to

the

All

as

the

hoisting, pumping

for

smelting,

for

are

is

there

be

can

intelligent management,

productive.

immensely

good

there

equipment

under

appliances

modem

the

even

results

for

well

richest

the

single

the

by

contrivance

from

at

than

thus

smith
black-

described,

even

more

years.

native

instances

metal

the

vogue,

so, that

mechanical

proper

for

in

by

primitive

very

lifting

the

is

purposes
three

past

some

elsewhere

treating

of

permit

scarcely
material

The

of

still

processes

in

replaced

been

method

tedious

The

been

the

used

box-bellows

forge.

portable

patent

the

just

only

has

within

thither

brought

was

in

interior

the

mining

for

ration
prepa-

lately put
into

taken

ever

and

machinery
the

for

saw-mill

roads

to

all

of

markets.

foreign

machinery

little

only

and

purposes
for

least

improved

of

its kind

of

and

not

respect

within

made

been

Guatemala,

Yuscaran,

crudely-fashioned

The

these

introduction

at

^^llat

Honduras,

now

in

true

second

is the

operation
of

to

is
the

agricultural products

of

enterprise throughout

as

has

manufacturing

and

mining

trial
indus-

in

chiefly

but

also

but

railways,
for

business
advancement

years,

in Honduras.

regards

improvement

for

room

and

development

81

INFORMATION.

and

judge

the

from

municipal
t

See

ofiScial

records

archives

of

Chapter

VII.,

on

Honduras,
pp.

63,

file

among

the

amount

the
of

7a

^m
"m"

82

THE

produced

wealth

For

enormous.

basis

the

period

of

before

the

into

taken

of

damages

the

Similar

dollars.
reference

on

the

mine,
for

records

mines

when

this

of

the

brief

in

1845,

property

the

amount

million

one

was

and

less

that

damages,

show,

from

no

Again,

history might

of

fragments

other

to

this

of

for

cited

be

on

crown

yield,

years,

dollars.

suit

the

its

on

five

alone,

to

production

of

as

of

two

courts

claimed,

taxes

million

abandonment

last

was

shows

than

less

not

paid

simply

was

mine

tribute

period

This

$400,000.

fifth,"

exacted,

inclusive,

1817

to

than

king's

the

scrupulously

always
1813

of

by

gone

years

Guayabillas

the

example,

"

in

mines

the

by

HONDURAS.

NEW

with

neighboring

the

districts.

by
of

former
a

precious

the

That

First,

until

1820,

time,

in the

workers

doubt.

is

proven
was

Spain

from

the

been

exhausted

beyond

the

being

carried

took

place

laborers

disorganization

the

by

have

not

mining

explained,!

scattered

were

mines

separation

the

could

because

elsewhere

as

metals

of

of

shadow

which

at

the

in

on

country

society

of

and

industry

resulting

Secondly,

because

very

who
of

the

in

engaged

were

show

depth
in

found

greater

extent

be

tinued
con-

water-level, owing

the

lack

of

quate
ade-

mining

operations

in

evidence

of

hundred

of

the

of

the

old

having

feet

than

those

has
of

utterly ignorant
tion.
ventila-

artificial
mines

thus

worked

been

nor

knows

operation

were

matter

of

who

country

to

Thirdly, because

water.

out

none

four

the

not

because

Fourthly,

of

change.

involved

principles

examined

political
could

and

shafts

pumping

for

means

radical
tunnels

the
below

far

this

from

beyond
miner

any

this, either

by

been

showing

mines

any

far

shaft

or

by

tunnel.
There

country

corrected,

are

with
if

certain

regard

mistaken
to

popular
America,

Central
of

only

out

f See

Chapters

respect
II.

and

to

IV.,

the
pp.

imptessions
which

general
30,

37.

i"*Wi"alMMil""

ought

in
to

our

be

intelligence

mmimmmm

tmmt

84

by Americans.
and

against

Yankee

American

on

will

be

not

alreadyfind

manufacture

of

likelyto

long

out

articles

of

into Honduras

entrance

of

trade

is

states

court

this branch

Orleans, and

English

the

hold

ingenuity. Many

and

push

port of New

the

from

methods

time-honored

The
traders

German

HONDURAS.

KEW

THE

increase.

the

the

Meanwhile,
continuance

protectionafiforded

the

of

them

territorial

against encroachments,

States

those

of

governments

by

the United

other.

or

cise
con-

as
afifecting
situation,
statement
general political
and
international
the interests of commerce
as bearing upon
relations,will be found in another chapter.f The question

of the

of

popular education in Central America and its beneficent

where
and
hopeful promise for the future is likewise elsediscussed.f

results

doubtless

injury was

Great

the

by

done

failure

unfortunate

in particular,

Honduras

to

Inter-Oceanic

the

of

This was
serious setback
a
Railway project some
ago.
years
to the development of the country, besides imposing
Under
of debt upon
the
the government.
a heavy burden

wise administrations
progress

education

and

of Presidents
been

has

collegewas

principalpoints
There

in Honduras

is

good

admirably conducted

state

of

Tegucigalpa,

the state.

All

the

cation.
telegraphic communi-

service,and

hospital.

Lorenzo^

at

of

President

Under

established

have

mail

tant
impor-

Bogran,

however, in the direction

in all the towns

schools

common

and

general enlightenment.

Soto, for example,

and

made,

Soto

The

well-built

opening

of

and
the

begun by President
and
Soto
assisted to its completion by President Bogran.
This
will prove
is undoubtedly the beginning of what
a
important interests of the country,
development of the most
new

road-way

commercial,

from

San

social,and

itself committed
t See Chapter IV.

~1

was

political.Not
to

the

only is

the

ment
govern-

persistentencouragement
t See page

40.

of

all

efforts

honest

citizen, without

is the

lack

between

the

present

time

There

the

capital

evidenced

the

by

length,

across

were

in

from

erected

to

century

Tegucigalpa

The

cargo-mules

rocky

paths

month's

time

pounds

of

hundred
cost

days'

described

Primitive
fact

that

will

be

cents

the

our

American
able

pound,
to

the

introductory

mineral

wealth

t See

them

pp.

rough
about

be

With

interior

ride

these

as

of
15,

the
16.

times

about

carry

Yuscaran
on

as

two

balanced,

well

the

wagons

six

loads

reaching

hundred

few

Yuscaran.

in

and
The

over

chapter, f

such

carriage
carts

needs.

Cargo-mules
load

lation,
popu-

lighter

of

four-wheeled
take

to

if the

per

conditions

to

seen

original

much

Formerly

coast

history

old

means

transporting

expense.

Travelers
in

the

fifty pounds,

three

time.

in

road-way,

greater

no

and

of

from

the
has

drag

to

was

have

two-wheeled

ascents.

steep

up

freight

mules

by
at

trained

in

mines

thriving

of

the

to

is

as

feet

her

of

all immediate

answer

cattle

occupied

was

finished

native

to

by
and

rude

and

to

present.

fords,

same

As

nent
perma-

for,

must

ago,

line

width.

the

made

drawn

are

the

at

the

structure

period

numerous

the

and

adjacent

and

follows

goods

hundred

the

of

ducts
pro-

to

up

provided

half

than

makes

been

several

That
a

the
of

transportation

affairs

greater

greater

are

has

This

and

of

employed,

present

heavy

the

fold

It
is of

and

drawn

when

road-way

new

newly

Grande.

of

systematic

bridge,

stone

sonal
per-

progress.

transfer

better

was

Rio

home

five

or

thoroughfare.

carts

when

century

the

four

at

time

flourishing condition.

grades,

fine
the

undoubtedly

to

Honduras

of

the

for

hindrance

was

is in active

exchange

interior, that

the

chief

the

the

for

influential

every

in

now

facilities

and

but

exception,

movement

districts, and

coast

growth.
from

the

of

different

of

notable

single

with

sympathy
It

improvement,

such

for

85

INFORMATION.

GENERAL

at

in

ten

mule-back,

as

for

the

will

account

country

still

awaits

jvu

86

THE

If the

development.
past

be

to

are

methods
so

quality

of

bullion.

ores

While,

at

that
the

of the country,
It

in the

by

slower
like

have

this

tries
coun-

"

of

in communities

than

scale

is

quick

naturallyheld

small

and

sales
to be

of greater
with

America,

Central

Guatemala,

At

and

notes

where

there

few

two

are

gold

coin, and

on

change in
banks
issuing

about

government

command

loans

bring

of Guatemala

basis

broader
two

per

in that
in

than
a

month,

United

States

cent,

exclusivelyin silver,and
York
drafts have a premium

New

business

made

are

and

will

The

generally conducted

Honduras,

per

in other

as

circulate at par.

issues legal tender

money

is

Time, however,

which

exchanges

Honduras,

rule

man

in

never

respect.

state

the

stand, there is
hurry. As matters
his business will wait his
competition,hence

no

is

of

known

commonly

abroad.

smaller

the

business

convenience.

notes

on

time

where

exceptions,is
little or

and
where

own,

The

building

the

little is

and

that in

into

turned

business is generallytransacted
latitude,

methods

profits,"and

at home

have

the rich

sibility
comparative inacces-

the

so

that

should

meagre

already been

time,

same

granted

same

our

value.

both

be

must

so

points unerringlyto

road, explains the fact that

new

twenty-five

of

cent.

As
are

the cost

to

rather

the

cofifee

example,

half

clever

and

apt

required than

wages

all kinds

upwards.
than

among

he

The

is

per

day, while

paid thirty-sevenand

laborer

is

in order

by

Less

is industrious.

ourselves

the

for

Guatemala,

receives twenty-fivecents
of

ple
peo-

of

in consequence.

plantations of

sugar

day labor

cents

and

and

those

active than

better

demand

working

the

Honduras,

and
intelligent

laborer

in Honduras

in

labor

of

more

neighboring states, and

This

before
mining districts,

the

of

In

facilities

and

production in times

of

they stand, it is remarkable

as

handsomely.
the

HONDURAS.

records
officis^l

taken

rude

so

resulted

NEW

to

nature

tnore

exertion

provide

for

is
his

"^

mfmmu^m*

GENERAL

and

wants

the

the

conditions
thrift

and

in

engaged
great

mining

living,
the

part

tasks
of

under

they

as

firm

be

to

working

all

When
show

mining

the

with

familiar

are

carried

considerate

and

try
indus-

they

in

who

been

improve
to

accustomed,

found

are

people.

instance,

have

will

incentives

the

are

For

are

operations

men,

they

wants

foreigners

of

the

of

endurance.

workmen

in

increase

which

to

These

family.

coming
and

on

powers

districts,

The

of

his

of

wants

simple.

extremely

87

INFORMATION.

direction,

these

and

on,
make

good

laborers.
order

In

foreign
so

miners

six

months

drills

and

there

according
and

Levels

his
tunnels

fifteen

to

timber

and

It

by

These

contractors

fifty

and
cents

are

contract

from

the

sition
requi-

seventy-five

to

at

or

more,

quarter.
of

cost

from

furnishing

prevailing

rates

the

At

and

companies

the

for

on

day,

per
dollar

the

fact,

and

quarter.

one

yard,

per

supplies.

be

may

from

seen

of

capital

other

in

days

and

afiforded

mining,
are

reason

every

the

has

been
in

already

there

industries,

is

what

workmen

opportunities
of

former

driven

are

dollars

abundance

There

mechanics

road-way

paid

fifty

of

matter

the

at

time.

present

and

receives

work,

the

dollar

one

militia

filled.

new

and

government,

laborer
to

to

exempt

are

attend

to

be

to

the

company

they

articulation

for

building

under

amended,

such

to

As

places

furnished

been

required

month.

are

foremen

day,

the

mines,

the

in

have

articled,

only

are

there

were

the

per

and

mines

of

articled

applicants

example,

from

laws

When

once

than

re-opening

regularly

more.

more

laborers

coast,

be

service,

now

For

an

mining

or

employment

ten

the

musters

are

cents

the

may

military

from

encourage

management,

that

for

to

for

the
the

fruit-raising,
perhaps

to

native

profitable

miners

that
of

is

there
and

country,

that

ment
employ-

mahogany-cutting,

unequalled

believe

that

stated,

the
the

in

the

world.

Spaniards
present

of
have

""^F

88

THE

practically

gotten

with

obtained
it

that

is

pumping

the

reap

beyond
of

science,

the

for

reach

energy

rapidly
of

harvests
of
and

primitive

go

those

cultivation

capital

that

metal

with

there

the

by

mountain-sides,
a

in

ores,

judicious

now

and

hoisting,

proper

supplemented

reducing

by

be

could

appliances

machinery,

ventilating

and

rich

their
to

necessary

precious

the

of

help

methods

modem

HONDURAS.

of

most

the

only

MEW

order

no

longer

combination

to

1
#'fe-^
iX,

MIKE,

VL'SCASAX.

90

THE

co*operation

intelligent
to

proper

development

national
seemed

of

mercy

and

that,

plishment

the

with

commensurate

be

and

the

for

energy

these

for

projects

might

country

in

the

the

organ*

continue

of

accom*

actual

value

of

the

at

permanent

way

well-known

the

systematic

such

without

anything

of

and

of

unless

adventurers,

mere

capital

success

efifected,

be

executive,

advancement

probable

could

chief

the

necessary

industrial

and

ization

of

the

supply

prompt

It

HONDURAS.

NEW

progress;
interests

the

involved.
is

It

in

shape

but

now

the

the

in

whose

intention

names

not

only

actively

but

also

be

in

Hence,
reliable

as

especial

to

order

field

privileges

for

in

with

thereof

that

in

that

obtain
of

country,
with

them.

organization
future

turn

to

individuals

extend
or

under

quarter

to

and

powers

permission
to

to

integrity

negotiations
aforesaid

local

the

to

extraordinary

granted,

The

should

able

in

might

as

investment,

work

being

business
its

faith.

operations,

and

the

such

advantages

undertaking

in

United

the

good

standing

in

engage

all

were

and

benefits

the

to

of

capacity

latter,

constitute

to

for

agent

Honduras

as

intelligently

guided

be

could

the

abundant

business

advisory

an

means

information

proposing

parties

the

this

By

trustworthy

in

selves
them-

individuals

of

certain

undertake

related

government

corporation

this

that

was

of

of

comprises

citizens

guaranty

are

the

the

and

present
of

responsible

and

energetic

of

number

of

up

organization

This

country.

men,
gentle-

projects

should

as

development

gradual

the

of

railroad

of

practical

opening

the

operations,

the

resources

States,

promotion

took

American

of

of

object

commercial

other

idea

syndicate

primary

districts,

such

of

this

since

years

formation

the

with

mining

few

porations
cor-

these

auspices.
The

1882,

embodied

practical

date

under

conferred

concessions

control

of

the

of

most

April
important

30,

91

YUSCARAN.

mining
mines

patent

to

of

duties
mines

liberal

the

from

beset

above,

country

for

definite

Since

investigation.
have

American

and

developing

their

both

On

of

some

pumping,

and

character

in

at

but

center,
the

ebb,
trade,

showing

the

by

of

the

people
steam-whistles

See

districts

especially

of

sparsely,

are

Chapten

plants"

of

to

United

which

five

that

panies
com-

different

in

any

and

thriving
this

at

and

of

tunnels.

hoisting,
of

ago

years

employed
heard,

the

like

States.

populated

VIL

of

engaged

and

merchants

VL,

book

works

now

Its

daily

of

in

the

the

activity

republic.
busily

the

shafts

become

already

the

this

Yuscaran

equal

Yuscaran,

greater

even

city

machinery

duly
is

*'

are

as

of

results

companies,
of

laws.

American

at

means

there

of

town

the

mills,

mines

mining

the

limited

capital

mining

of

located

are

native

ventilating

low

very

Here

when

prospects

in

principally

shafts

the

little

The

State

Paraiso.

of

department

in

the

of

departments

are

syndicate

chaptersf

Honduras

in

operations

begun

persons

commonly

and

.several

the
seen

general

satisfactory

time,

that

be

archives

the

value

the

the

of

in

all

the

of

preceding

The

evidence

abundant

afford

the

in

to

as

will

that

under

made

was

proofs

industry.

mining

the

search

from

countries,

formation

the

of

conditions,

vexations

the

right

use

that

Spanish-American

after

for

these

transactions

Immediately
stated

exemption

under

from

commercial

in

engaged

internal,

concession

business

in

strangers

from

It

clusive
ex-

taxation

exemption

operatives.

the

districts

these

imported

this

of

terms

immunity

entire

ensured

or

the

of

doing

companies

or

the

into

materials

or

needs

the

for

or

external

articles

all

upon

introduced

organization,

the

with

together

reduction-works,

custom

whether

kind,

every

fee-simple,

of

number

large

country.

machinery

control

under

erect

all

on

the

in

conceded

were

right

of

of

departments

enjojring
business

respect
are

the
machine

VUL

was

than

perous,
pros-

various

shops

immmm

i""ii

93

THE

saw-mills

and

enterprise,
adjacent

1887)

the

and

bullion

of
be

Some

heretofore

region

picturesque

replete with
Nestling
Santa

among

pictures

charming

his

traveler, winding
receives

it is by

as

until, ascending
beholds
low

white

but

and

houses

startling distinctness
hills

wooded

founa

in

Honduras.

through

the

church

against

green

to

rise

to

eastward,

away

few

miles

the

north,

height

level

the

above

bracing

in any

by

part

The

yet, owing

of

the
the

of

average
to

rivers

by

distant,

standing

he
its

"

with

out

of

the

south,
of

and

west,

thousand

three

the

the

enjoys

sea,

Indeed,

residents

of

rolling cattle-

broad
and

streams,

boundaries

ofiF, the

atmosphere.

possessed

side,

them,

of

background

across

itseU, having

Yuscaran

town.

the

town,

every

yards

sentinel-like

country,
the

on

one

hundred

few

plains,plentifully watered
only

of

most

beyond.

Looking

while

spire

and

The

to

rising

yet

the

neighboring

mountains

of

proximity

his

of

all

of

drawn

Plata

one

prominent

village

the

the

afifords

be

be

and

of

huge

particular

slopes

intimation

no

guarded

features.

will

world.

been

attractive
fertile

way

has
unknown

and

put
out-

fail to

cannot

attention

Yuscaran

to

this

comparatively

the

mountains,

Elena

activity

the

of

of

owners,
the

industry

mining

description

whose

reader

the

to

when

general output

the

commercial

growing

interest

in

attained

the

to

the

of

far

hand

of

one

themselves,

thus

at

near

quarter

extended

more

of

center

be

to

factor

mines

the

In

is

aspect

encouragement

every

this

from

important

an

to

gives

general

development

the

town,

the

thrift

is believed

time

and

and

progress,
the

HONDURAS.

worlc,

at

.are

to

(March,

NEW

the

an

the

the

one

mountains

stately
feet

above

the

of

3,250

altitude

magnificently
climatic

town

are

sees,

Nicaragua;

of

clear

little
feet
and

advantages

without

parallel

republic
temperature

valleys

and

the
lowlands

round

year
on

one

is

side

72^,
and

and

the

83

YUSCARAN.

mountains

the

on

experienced

be
the

of

exchange

Danli,

the
several

about

this

the

the

of

ment

principal

the

that

scarcely have
veins

of

precious

mountains,

and

this

make

countries

district
of

During

in

by

this

inhabitants

Portorillas,

^aMa

the

of
where

MMl

native

or

demand

depart^

not

for
in

in

development
foremost

would

adjacent
order

the

among

heavy

the

the

of

present

attractions
been

is

life

its

to

exist

to

the
It

the

making

it not

Yuscaran,
furnish

attained.

these

had

the

the

of

part

of

serving

to

to

mining

shelter

as

had

mines

long
gave

to

the

during

and
envied

century

Indian

of

group

Tegucigalpa

rich

eighteenth

Portorillas,

of

place
the

of

continent.

mines

the

all

quality

the

Yuscaran

known

merely

route

in

of

do

for

raised

of

ranch-buildings,

employed

week

coffee

of the

that

to

round

supply

it has

facilities

awaiting

early

consisted

Yuscaran
and

the

the

plains

superior

advantages

Still, even

western

our

all

aguadiente^

and

metals

one

the

Paraiso,

have

only

finest
a

to

appreciation,

won

the

that

importance

the

popularity.

of

also

prpduce

every

broad

its advancement,

to

agreeable,

almost

Texiquot

of

the

is sufficient

exceptional

these

resident

position

for

reasons

vantages
ad-

well

as

contributing

of

readily

of

Paraiso

of

only the

agricultural

natural

although

On

not

of

department

Tegucigalpa

The

true

therefrom^

entire

will

district, sending

coffee

quantities

such

the

afifords

settlement

is cultivated, but

in

distilled

rum,

Yuscaran

Indian

town,

with

cereals

and

may

plata

fertile,it

and

way

the

from

raised.

thither.

important

either

together

department

the

products

sugar-cane,

rich

place of

great
of

America

Central

conditions,

entire

the

center

their

ride

successfully

market

for
from

towns

of

be

can

fact, the

In

hour's

fruits, vegetables,

that

kind,

of

an

the'se

20^

difference

soil remarkably

understood

every

within

Under

town.

be

other,

huts

workmen

their

neys
jourThe

Nicaragua.
the

employment

people
to

many.

of

94

THE

of

in

latter

The

nothing

and

The

in

somewhat

having

the

of

of

store

his

town

him,

by

as

chants,
mer-

and

brilliant

the

of

into

the

among

honor

in notable

held

discovery,

fortunate

account

on

the

treasure

been

long

esting
inter-

be

belongs

long-hidden

the

of

people

discovered

was

Calvo

has

sustained

and

village
halting-

or

it will

which

Juan

name

of

men,

younger

established
a

good

account

on

the

To

His

Yuscaran

of

manner,

this

day.
the

by

esteem

humble

good /osada,

wealth

here.

brought

light

the

upon

more.

remarkable

recount

to

of

down

it afforded

mineral

vast

HONDURAS.

looked

turn

thinking

Yuscaran,

place,

NEW

among

reputation

spendthrift

and

gambler.
Calvo

make

up

took

This
but

mule

which

piece

it had

was

what

that

saw

in

after

help

of

few

and

at

and

smelting

night,

very
upon
the

after

up
the

primitive
the
results

to

be

remarkable

all

of

common

purity

and

traces
some

tools,

he

began

he

his

had
labors

rock

days,

the

the

spot,

adventure.

work,

discovered,
in

mule's

richness.

left

his

of

up

amazement

great

he

on

ered
discov-

he

only

of

to

rock

by the

spur

lapse

vein

down

Picking

discovery,

unexpected

covering

thither

the

and

over

broken,

Calvo's

To

supposed
of

ore

this

by

carefully

Returning

had

silveV

reality

Alarmed

he

fall.

incline

of

spur

the

for

steep

rolled

sun.

newly

from

difficult,

clambering

the

be

the

small

in

dislodged

it in his

in

that

to

many

and

rider,

Calvo,

slope.

seemed

been

striking against
he

his

noticed

that

rock

that

Midway

threw

side.
mountain-

and

places,

down

to

with

and

steep

rough
in

foothold,

rode.

rocky

the

somewhat

the

endeavoring

was

to

in

pass

Portorillas,

down

glistened brightly

hill-side
of

trip

rocky

1747,

path

being

animal,

the

recover

the

he

over

year

his

insecure

an

the

down

over

the
on

stumbled,

beast

riding

unused

an

path,

afforded
on

lost

time

intent

the

in

mountains,

Plata

this

while

once,

most

with

the

secretly

grinding
remote

mmi^kmmmim^

95

YUSCARAN.
.

retired

and

observed
which

ball

quantity

small

would

purse

reply
might
He

that

was

by

miners

once

vein

to

steps

the

comers,

new

developing

numbers
of

name

the

discovery.

the

work

mine-owners
the

of

thither
and

deposits
in

almost

their

all

tools

population,

and

importance

of

Houses

large

the

results

built,

were

cathedral
It

with

Yuscaran

streets

indeed

The

many

Under

varieties
the
the

work

the

derived

impulse
of

and

slaves

influx

of

increasing

the

mines^

short

time.
and

paved,

the

for

and

harder
in

extracting

part
the

furnished
hills

in

while

the

ores

were

valleys
valuable

more

from

of

growth

rivers

these

provided

had

herself

nature

three

pine,

of
of

their

in
in

cellence
ex-

moved

this

work

neighboring

The

forests

rich

superior

them

out

and

The

constantly

laid

requisite

every

water-power.
thick

if

as

mining-camp.

with

covery
Dis-

opened,

From

the

were

high.

Yuscaran,

with

large
the

the

at

ore

up

erected.

was

seemed

of

changes

great

in

energy.

their

of

taken

acquired

were

much

taken

work

at

work

to

had

ran

veins

of

account

on

sides

now

appliances.

and

experienced

Yuscaran

which

bringing

body,

busily

silver

of

he

suspicion.

rapidly

was

convinced

Portorillas,

of

it

with

forward

pushed

was

it, his

money

Calvo

as

New

the

all

Excitement

Quemasones.

followed

from

soon

mine,

the

that

known.

property,
were

remark

excited

Inasmuch
the

gaming

upon

all

gather

to

who

the

drains

became

secret

began

secure

with

statement

discovered.

had

he

open

his

and

He

represented

command

always

money,

in

lost

have

such

was

friends.

companions

stand

unguarded

followed,

At

no

This

need.
was

the

could

he

of

his

among

bantered

long

Calvo

amounts

to

his

to

being

not

large

known

was

weeks

few

royally

which

Upon

fortune.

his

he

silver

of

of

right

which

at

In

find.

possession

scattered

he

gave

in

be

to

could

he

spots

natural

progressed

perous
prosdant
abun-

covered

flourished
woods.

tages,
advan-

rapidly.

^mmmm

mmm

IV

tf'fmmmamm

96

THE

will

period

GuayahillaSy
Tomagas,

Capiro, Platero,

build

reduction

could

be

large quantities

they

their

By

crude

the

at

lost in

large quantities,

actual

value

those

all

at
to

it

does

by

up

ores

the

would

least

sixty

this

In

richer,

the

the

they

had

hope

of

town

been

deliverance,
the

bitter

became

long

conflict

to

of

time

and

labor.
and

over

miners

the

the

at

In

over.

fact,

of

rejected

were

as

of

having

mine,

methods

these

the

cumstances
cir-

these

Under
that

was

half

than

more

so

results

amalgamation,

ores

ton,

per

skilled

ment,
treat-

too

poor

handled.

more

peons

in
little

to

which

possible

carefully picked
yield,

not

dollars

the

way

and

los

processes

handled

were

their

sort

in

hot

the

of

strange

seem

de

little idea

extracted.

was

to

in

expense

but

along

Rio

were

had

employed

grew

length

the

greatest

ores

while

not

hand

that

profitably

be

the

ores

preferred

days

it broken

of

industry
at

to

tanks,

arrastras^

days

They

smallest

methods,

began

machinery.

metals,

the

that

Quicksilver,

again.

over

work

now

buildings,

by

by-gone

precious

the

their

obtained

be

of

accustomed.

were

systematizing
might

treated

Iguanas,
Vein."

and

substantial

were

Elena,

Great

mining

Auroria,

la

many

ore

saving

of

art

which

of

of

erected, until

de

seen

the

As

were

Rio

metallurgists

These

in the

mills

or

consisted

These

the

*'

mine-owners

the

smelters.

other

Santa

Miguel,

San

Grande,

Veta

Communidad,

Monserrat,

Juan

the

Among

or

California,

the

and

Grande,

Ingenios,

San

works.

importance,
Rio

Quemasones

river-banks

barrels, /tf/^,

the

the

Jesus,

and

the

Along

activity displayed.

Sacramento,

this

during

worked

and

the

are

Suyate"

HONDURAS.

discovered

evidence

important

most

in

veins

chief

list of the

NEW

slaved

which

rolled

years

subjected.
putting
struck
ensued

the

under

decisive
put

bondage

grew

an

blow

stop,

for

freedom.
the

which
other

no

bom

energy
for

time
Meanto

last, seeing

At

forth

owners

important.

and

prosperous

restive

mine

The

by.

time

of

peration,
desThe

being,

mtmmmm

"Wk

98

THE

the

During
rich

So

this

was

been

treated
The

of

found

by

the natives

the

of

owners

ago, took

the

no

less than

an

elegant candelabrum
it was

church, where
the

burning

art

was

this

and

hung

of metal

in the old

up

all

by

weighing

mass

At

comers.

in 1872, this valuable

cathedral

of

work

unfortunatelydestroyed.

It

mines
more

of the

the

twenty-fiveyears

admired

and

particle

tion-works.
primitivereduc-

solid silver

From

made

seen

not

ago

every

to

some

of

pounds.
was

was

success.

water-line,
draining facilities. One

of

nugget

hundred

two

in their

Quemasones,

of the vein

out

five years

worked

was

for lack

operations ceased

when

that

in Yuscaran,

be

property

mine

Quemasones
with remarkable

and

persons,

particularore,

it could

of

pound
having

HONDURAS.

period,the

same

by different

worked

KEW

than

had

it is not

Hence

men.

that

work

further

upon

the

Spanish system was impracticable. Not

employed in Yuscaran, where
fiftyminers were
the old

times work

in former

realized

fuUy

now

was

under

found

been
a

matter

hundred

several

for

the town

surprisethat

for

passed through a period of deterioration.

be
the best in
The
native miners, always considered
to
in Nicaragua and
Central America, departed to find work
have

itself should

Salvador, and

the

slowly crumbled
The

town

for

Shafts

away.

time

only

was

"

villages in Central America.

most
nothing of the
part knew
little. It is true,
were

this

employed,
done

was

that the results

change

in the

\Mien
what

one

as

The

two

in such

an

were

not

was

at

i*MH

and

handful

mere

veins

new

sufficient to

cause

of

deserted
for the

cared

but

of miners

opened,

but

primitiveway,

unsystematic

any

material

things.

Hat Yuscaran
but

world

and

general aspect
looks

three

or

many

inhabitants

few

filled up.

were
*'

the

outer

aforesaid, that

and

its condition

fell in and
of

into

bustling activity,

of

scene

one

sank

Winkle,

Yuscaran, like Rip Van

long sleep. Ingenios^once

six short

of

to-day, and

years

recalls

ago, the transfer*

^immmmikmm^

99

YUSCARAN.

mation

incredible.

seems

ground

cannot

wrought

in

in the
the
in

brief

so

direction

of

people,

modem

who

have

come

these

put

into

only in traditions

not

mines

the

that
without

knew

None

property.

permitted
into

fall

to

friends
chief

and

the

about

willing

the

of

the

have

been

stamp-mills,

treatment

thither

of both
and

put

gold

to

other

and

in place.

If

with

work

in

to-day

to

that

the

them,

the

no

barrels,

reduction-machinery
silver

ores,

Saw-mills

have
are

use.

power.
small

Yuscaran.

at

furnaces,

and

States,

their

is due

tool

in

them

hands

the

every

use

put

found
new-

from

United

assistance

seen

opened,
and

all

appreciation
be

their

to

the

couraged
dis-

try
indus-

that

to

for

to

-on

every

to

iron
from

and

worked

things, they

ot

state

citizen.

Honduras

stay

selves
them-

although,

co-operation,

or

able
avail-

actual

inhabitants

But

serted
derich

region

offered

they

steel

prompt

advancement

Mines

smelters,

to

come

of

aid.

brought

in

well-nigh

appertaining

recognized

this Spirit of

to

be

all, rendered

and

one

to

found

generally
had

people,

part

had

companies

successfully

humblest

of

necessary

The

town

the

this

with

and

welcome

energy

midst

be

not

complete

the

to

were

Americanos

and

cordial

than

decay,

pound

every

works,

being

.And

down

hands

and

hearty

executive

needed,

It

disuse

American

blood

possibilities of

everything

almost

the

only

by

new

operation.

better

could

of

the

in the

by long familiarity
had

need

intelligent outside

and

able

there

with

in the

but

shown

ideas, form

found
men,

in

forward

readiness

extend

to

new-comers

its able-bodied

by

their

active

better

just past.

years

them

among

the

by

few

the

for

the

undertaken

learned

methods

represented

work

the

been

has

strides

American

recognizing

methods,

those

to

to

during

men

The

civilization,

adopting
the

change

the

on

that

giant

afifairs, these

and

sequence

This

been

not

improvement

the

higher

has

who

period.

of

appreciating

business

to

realize

condition

natural

One

been

in

pans,
for
ported
trans-

operation.

ttmt

""h

t^fm

mmmm

mi

100

wagon-roads have
work

found

full of

for

busy,

confidence
the

XEW

THE

been

to

cot, houses

thousand

cheerful

as

HONDURAS.

the

; each

people
present

and

There

men.

one

and

value

built,and

stores

is already a
as

town

full of

hope and
promise of

future

interested

mining propertiesas isthe largeststockholder

therein.
should
be made
mention
closingthis chapter, some
found
of the excellent societyto be
at the present time in
the town
of Yuscaran.
The
gentle,refined, and
women
are
In

hospitable;

the

men

courteous,

assist the stranger by every

is made
to feel at home
at

genuine is the

welcome

hospitalityprevails on
from

and
intelligent,
at

means
once

among

them,

so

uniformly extended.
every

hand

prompt

their command.

to

One

cordial and

True

; visitors and

foreignlands especiallyreceivingfreely,from

Spanish
traders
one

and

all,the greatest'consideration.

.**""

w^mm

"MM

'Mil*

ASTOMO

Ml.NES.

Ji

STATEMENT.

CONCLUDING

in

ized

acquired,
from

that

promotion

the

give
The

is

of

opportunities
enjoy

work

preparing
who

be

reliable

value

men

will

lack

the

to

projects
receive

aid

energetic
No

of

fail

one

good-will.

it is

statement

independent

of

on

hearty
the

organization
The

by
the

government

part
welcome

resident
can

to

to

lay
and

of

at

country
direct

and

inquire

into

section.

means

no

time.
now

organization

the

wishing
particular

any

that
of

services

who

present

sources

the

favorable

experts

of

as

persons

of

of

corps

the

the

at

above

have
and

of

resources

whose
any

prospects

this

From
that

to

upon

and

offers

and

the

of

depended

information,

unhesitatingly
the

digest

of

the

Honduras,

offered

co-operation

of
who

gentlemen
in

gation
investi-

success.

affairs

knowledge

own

investment

the

may

of

experience
their

from

for

Tfiey

hands

the

personal

speak

hence

in

development

impartial

the

being

object

.the

abundant

of

with

drafted

main

upon

of

management

company

advantage

which

promise

reasonable

their

sively
conclu-

already

were

involving

plans

fullest

development

has

grants

judgment,

properties,

general

named

particular
and

concessions
it the

to

commercial

for

Experience

business

of

distinct

certain

men

these

discretion

exceptional

field

affords.

that

assuring

having

1882,

special

operations,

organ-

was

in

York,

Honduras,

wide

the

Company

New

its

of
of

country

proved

can

basis

in

Syndicate
of

city

government

advantages

of

the

the

as

the

which

American

Central

^HE

-L

be

in

that

citizens
claim
the

country
and

to

inferred
/

business

American

people

or

men.
trades-

monopoly
are

too

"waer

102

THE

"""""

HONDURAS.

NEW

of the situation to omit

thoroughly alive to the possibilities
of foreigncapital
any efifort in encouraging the investment

various departments of commercial

activity.
of advantages
Emphasis is here given to the combination

in the

offered by this organization; to wit,the experience of

its managers,

promptness
in

government
business

those
furthering

pany

endorse.
of

as

assistance of its corps

the
of the

well

as

the local

Facilities

and

are

securing of

government

as

experts, and

the

people to co-operate
undertakings which the com*
perfected

now

trustworthy information
for the

of

the

to all who

such

circumstances

for the

may

nishing
fur-

desire it,

from
specialprivileges
may

require.

'""

\
.

/v3

4ni""J|