FLORIDA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

MECHANICAL AND AEROSPACE ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

MAE 4261-01: Air-Breathing Engines

Spring 2015

Homework 4
Due April 2, 2015
1. Consider an aircraft designed to fly at Mach number 1.34. The engines diffuser
consists of a fixed-geometry C-D inlet. To what Mach number must the engine be
overspeeded so that, when flying at the design Mach number, no detached bow shock
exists? If any amount (infinite amount) of overspeeding were possible (which it isnt due
to propulsive and structural limitations), what would be the maximum possible design
Mach number for an engine operated in this manner?
2. Consider a supersonic aircraft flying at Mach number 2.5. The ambient pressure and
temperature are 9 kPa and 220 K, respectively. The engine inlet configuration shown in
the figure allows for double oblique shock deceleration followed by a zone of subsonic
deceleration. The Mach number is 0.5 at the engine inlet plane to the compressor (i).
Losses in the subsonic diffuser are neglected. Determine
a. The Mach numbers M1 and M2 in the zones (1) and (2) shown in the figure.
b. The wave angles 1 and 2, also shown in the figure.
c. The overall stagnation pressure ratio poi / poa
d. The overall static pressure ratio, pi / pa
e. The velocity ratio ui / u2 for the subsonic diffuser, and
f. The cross-sectional area Ai (m2) at the engine inlet plane if the engine mass
flow rate is 500 kg/s.

Assigned 3/24/15

3. Consider a ramjet engine at an altitude where temperature is 223 K. The flight speed
is M 3 . At the entrance to the burner, the Mach number is 0.35. Combustion in the
burner (whose cross-sectional area is constant) may be represented approximately as
heating of a perfect gas with constant specific heat ratio. At the exit from the burner the
temperature of the gas is 1345 K. Assume friction and the flame holders impose a drag
on the flow, giving K = 0.5. Considering the flow to be one-dimensional throughout,
estimate the Mach number of the gas leaving the burner. Determine also the stagnation
pressure loss due to heating (i.e. calculate the ratio of outlet and inlet stagnation
pressures). You will need to iterate to obtain your answer for the Mach number.
4. Assume your answer in Problem 3 is M4 = 0.70. What is the stagnation pressure ratio,
static pressure ratio, and static temperature ratio across the burner?
5. In a jet engine (with an afterburner installed) on a thrust stand, the fluid entering the
afterburner has T = 800 K, P = 0.195 MPa, and a mass flow rate of 70 kg/s. These
conditions are maintained with and without operation of the afterburner. Without
afterburning, the stagnation pressure loss between the afterburner entrance and exit is 3%
and the specific heat ratio of the fluid in the nozzle is 1.33. When the afterburner is
operating, the exit stagnation temperature rises to 2000 K, the stagnation pressure loss
changes to 8 percent and the specific heat ratio in the nozzle drops to 1.29. In both cases,
the nozzle flow is simply converging and choked. Determine the required nozzle exit
area in both cases.

Assigned 3/24/15