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Results Reporter
Out of 39 questions, you answered 8 correctly, for a final grade of 21%.
8 correct (21%)
30 incorrect (77%)
1 unanswered (3%)
0 ungraded (0%)
Please answer all questions.

Your Results:
The correct answer for each question is indicated by a

CORRECT

_______ is a standard developed by ANSI for fiber-optic networks.

A)SONET
B)SDH
C)either (a) or (b)
D)neither (a) nor (b)

INCORRECT

_______ is a standard developed by ITU-T.

A)SONET
B)SDH
C)either (a) or (b)
D)neither (a) nor (b)

CORRECT

SONET has defined a hierarchy of signals called ________.

A)STSs
B)STMs
C)either (a) or (b)
D)neither (a) nor (b)

INCORRECT

SDH has defined a hierarchy of signals called ________.

A)STSs
B)STMs
C)either (a) or (b)
D)neither (a) nor (b)

CORRECT

An ______ signal is the optical modulation of an STS-n (or STM-n) signal.

A)OC-n
B)TDM-n
C)FDM-n
D)none of the above

INCORRECT

.SONET defines _______ layers.

A)two
B)three
C)four
D)five

INCORRECT

SONET is a _______ TDM system.

A)asynchronous
B)synchronous
C)statistical
D)none of the above

INCORRECT

A SONET system can use _________.

A)STS multiplexers
B)regenerators
C)add/drop multiplexers
D)all of the above

INCORRECT

SONET sends ________ frames per second

A)1000
B)2000
C)4000
D)8000

10

INCORRECT

In SONET each frame lasts _______ microseconds.

A)20
B)64
C)128
D)none of the above

11

INCORRECT

An STS-1 frame is made of ________ rows

A)1
B)9
C)90
D)none of the above

12

INCORRECT

An STS-1 frame is made ______columns

A)1
B)9
C)90
D)none of the above

13

INCORRECT

An STS-3 frame is made of ______ rows.

A)1
B)9
C)27
D)none of the above

14

INCORRECT

An STS-3 frame is made of ________ columns.

A)9
B)90
C)270
D)none of the above

15

INCORRECT

SONET network topologies can be __________.

A)linear
B)ring
C)mesh
D)all of the above

16

INCORRECT

A linear SONET network can be __________.

A)point-to-point
B)multipoint
C)either (a) or (b)
D)neither (a) nor (b)

17

INCORRECT

A ring SONET network can be _________.

A)unidirectional
B)bidirectional.
C)either (a) or (b)
D)neither (a) nor (b)

18

INCORRECT

To make SONET backward-compatible with the current hierarchy, its frame design includes a system of.
A)OCs
B)STMs
C)STSs
D)VTs

19

CORRECT

A ________ is a repeater.
A)regenerator
B)ADM
C)STS multiplexer/demultiplexer
D)none of the above

20

INCORRECT

__________ allow insertion and extraction of signals.

A)regenerators
B)ADMs
C)STS multiplexer/demultiplexers
D)none of the above

21

CORRECT

A _______ is the optical link connecting two neighbor devices.

A)section
B)line
C)path

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D)none of the above

22

INCORRECT

A ______ is the portion of the network between two multiplexers.

A)section
B)line
C)path
D)none of the above

23

INCORRECT

A ______is the end-to-end portion of the network between two STS multiplexers.
A)section
B)line
C)path
D)none of the above

24

INCORRECT

The ______ layer is responsible for the movement of a signal from its optical source to its optical destination.
A)section
B)line
C)path
D)photonic

25

INCORRECT

The ____ layer is responsible for the movement of a signal across a physical line.
A)section
B)line
C)path
D)photonic

26

The ______ layer is responsible for the movement of a signal across a physical section.

CORRECT

A)section
B)line
C)path
D)photonic

27

INCORRECT

The _______ layer corresponds to the physical layer of the OSI model.
A)section
B)line
C)path
D)photonic

28

INCORRECT

An STS multiplexer is a ______ device.

A)one-layer
B)two-layer
C)three-layer
D)four-layer

29

INCORRECT

An add/drop multiplexer is a ______ device.

A)one-layer
B)two-layer
C)three-layer
D)four-layer

30

INCORRECT

A regenerator is a ________ device.

A)one-layer
B)two-layer
C)three-layer
D)four-layer

31

In SONET, for each frame, the bytes are transmitted __________.

CORRECT

A)from left to the right, top to bottom

B)from right to the left, bottom to top
C)from left to the right, bottom to top
D)from right to the left, top to bottom

32

INCORRECT

In SONET, for each byte, the bits are transmitted ____________.

A)from least significant to the most significant
B)from most significant to the least significant
C)two at a time
D)three at a time

33

INCORRECT

Each ________in a SONET frame can carry a digitized voice channel.

A)bit
B)byte
C)frame
D)none of the above

34

INCORRECT

The section overhead consists of ______octets.

A)1
B)6
C)9
D)18

35

INCORRECT

Line overhead consists of ________ bytes.

A)1
B)6
C)9
D)18

36

UNANSWERED The path overhead consists of ______ bytes.

A)1
B)6
C)9
D)18

37

In ________ APS, there are normally two lines: one working line and one protection line. Both lines are active all the time.

CORRECT

A)one-plus-one
B)one-to-one
C)one-to-many
D)none of the above

38

INCORRECT

In ______ APS, there is one working line and one protection line. The data are normally sent on the working line until it fails.
A)one-plus-one
B)one-to-one
C)one-to-many
D)none of the above

39

INCORRECT

In ________APS, there is only one protection line for many working lines. When a failure occurs in one of the working lines, the protection line takes control until the failed line is repaired.
A)one-plus-one
B)one-to-one
C)one-to-many
D)none of the above

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Results Reporter
Out of 34 questions, you answered 8 correctly, for a final grade of 24%.
8 correct (24%)
26 incorrect (76%)
0 unanswered (0%)
0 ungraded (0%)
Please answer all questions.

Your Results:
The correct answer for each question is indicated by a

INCORRECT

________ is a virtual-circuit wide-area network that was designed in response to demands for a new type of WAN in the late 1980s and early 1990s.
A)X.25
B)Frame Relay
C)ATM
D)none of the above

INCORRECT

Frame Relay provides ________.

A)PVCs
B)SVCs
C)either (a) or (b)
D)neither (a) nor (b)

INCORRECT

VCIs in Frame Relay are called ______.

A)PVC
B)SVC
C)DLCIs
D)none of the above

CORRECT

In Frame Relay, when a _____ is selected, the corresponding table entry is recorded for all switches by the administrator
A)PVC
B)SVC
C)either (a) or (b)
D)neither (a) nor (b)

INCORRECT

In Frame Relay, when. ______ is selected, it requires establishing and terminating phases
A)a PVC
B)an SVC
C)either (a) or (b)
D)neither (a) nor (b)

INCORRECT

Frame Relay has _______.

A)only the physical layer
B)only the data link
C)the physical and data link layers
D)the physical, data link, and network layers

INCORRECT

At the data link layer, Frame Relay uses a protocol that supports _____control.
A)flow
B)error
C)either (a) or (b)
D)neither (a) nor (b)

INCORRECT

In Frame Relay, an address can be ________ bytes.

A)only 2
B)2 to 3
C)2 to 4
D)none of the above

INCORRECT

In Frame Relay, the EA field defines the number of bytes; it is _____ in the last byte of the address.
A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3

10

INCORRECT

To handle frames arriving from other protocols, Frame Relay uses a device called a _________.
A)VOFR
B)FRAD
C)MUX
D)none of the above

11

CORRECT

Frame Relay networks offer an option called ______________ that sends voice through the network.
A)VOFR
B)FRAD
C)MUX
D)none of the above

12

INCORRECT

________ is the cell relay protocol designed by the corresponding Forum and adopted by the ITU-T.
A)X.25
B)Frame Relay
C)ATM
D)none of the above

13

INCORRECT

A _______ is defined as a small, fixed-size block of information.

A)frame
B)packet
C)cell
D)none of the above

14

INCORRECT

In ATM, a virtual connection is defined by _________.

A)VPI
B)VCI
C)DLCI
D)a combination of (a) and (b)

15

INCORRECT

The ATM standard defines ______ layers.

A)two
B)three
C)four
D)five

16

CORRECT

The VPI of a UNI is _______ bits in length.

A)8
B)12
C)16
D)24

17

INCORRECT

The VPI of an NNI is _______ bits in length.

A)8
B)12
C)16
D)24

18

INCORRECT

The ATM data packet is a cell composed of ______ bytes.

A)40
B)50
C)52
D)53

19

INCORRECT

______ eliminates the varying delay times associated with different-size packets.
A)X.25
B)Frame Relay
C)ATM
D)all of the above

20

CORRECT

A(n) ______ is the interface between a user and an ATM switch.

A)UNI
B)NNI
C)NNN
D)None of the above

21

INCORRECT

_________ is the interface between two ATM switches.

A)UNI
B)NNI
C)NNN

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D)none of the above

22

INCORRECT

In ATM, connection between two endpoints is accomplished through _______.

A)TPs
B)VPs
C)VCs
D)all of the above

23

INCORRECT

In ATM, the _______layer accepts transmissions from upper-layer services and maps them into ATM cells.
A)physical
B)ATM
C)AAL
D)none of the above

24

INCORRECT

In ATM, the ______ layer provides routing, traffic management, switching, and multiplexing services.
A)physical
B)ATM
C)AAL
D)none of the above

25

In ATM, the _____ layer defines the transmission medium, bit transmission, encoding, and electrical-to-optical transformation.

CORRECT

A)physical
B)ATM layer
C)AAL
D)none of the above

26

The AAL is divided into _______ sublayers.

CORRECT

A)two
B)three
C)four
D)none of the above

27

In ATM, ______ is for constant-bit-rate data.

CORRECT

A)AAL1
B)AAL2
C)AAL3/4
D)AAL5

28

INCORRECT

In ATM, _______is for short packets.

A)AAL1
B)AAL2
C)AAL3/4
D)AAL5

29

INCORRECT

In ATM, _____ is for conventional packet switching (virtual-circuit approach or datagram approach).
A)AAL1
B)AAL2
C)AAL3/4
D)AAL5

30

INCORRECT

In ATM, ______ is for packets requiring no sequencing and no error control mechanism.
A)AAL1
B)AAL2
C)AAL3/4
D)AAL5

31

INCORRECT

________ technology can be adapted for use in a LAN (ATM LAN).

A)X.25
B)Frame Relay
C)ATM
D)none of the above

32

In a _____ ATM LAN, an ATM switch connects stations.

CORRECT

A)pure
B)legacy
C)mixed architecture
D)none of the above

33

INCORRECT

In a _______ ATM LAN, the backbone that connects traditional LANs uses ATM technology.
A)pure
B)legacy
C)mixed architecture
D)none of the above

34

INCORRECT

A _______ ATM LAN combines features of a pure ATM LAN and a legacy ATM LAN.
A)pure
B)legacy
C)mixed architecture
D)none of the above

Routing Information
Date: Mon Feb 16 20:45:21 EST 2015
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Section ID:
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Email address:

Format:

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My TA:
Other:

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Mixed Quiz
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Results Reporter
Out of 20 questions, you answered 8 correctly, for a final grade of 40%.
8 correct (40%)
12 incorrect (60%)
0 unanswered (0%)
0 ungraded (0%)

Your Results:
The correct answer for each question is indicated by a

CORRECT

_______ is a Frame Relay option that transmits voice through the network.
A)LMI
B)FRAD
C)VOFR
D)DLCI

CORRECT

Frame Relay provides _______ connections.

A)PVC
B)SVC
C)(a) and (b)
D)None of the above

INCORRECT

Routing and switching in Frame Relay are performed by the _______ layer.
A)Physical
B)Network
C)Data link
D)(b) and (c)

INCORRECT

Frame Relay is unsuitable for ________ due to possible delays in transmission resulting from variable frame sizes.
A)File transfers
B)Real-time video
C)Fixed-rate data communication
D)All the above

INCORRECT

The Frame Relay address field is _______ in length.

A)4 bytes
B)2 bytes
C)3 bytes
D)Any of the above

INCORRECT

Because ATM _______, which means that cells follow the same path, the cells do not usually arrive out of order.
A)Is asynchronous
B)Uses virtual circuit routing
C)Is multiplexed
D)Is a network

INCORRECT

_______ is a protocol to control and manage interfaces in Frame Relay networks.

A)FRAD
B)DLCI
C)LMI
D)VOFR

CORRECT

Frame Relay operates in the _______.

A)Physical and data link layers
B)Physical, data link, and network layers
C)Physical layer
D)Data link layer

CORRECT

In the data link layer, Frame Relay uses _______.

A)A simplified HDLC protocol
B)LAPB
C)BSC protocol
D)Any ANSI standard protocol

10

INCORRECT

The VPI of an NNI is _______ bits in length.

A)16
B)8
C)12
D)24

11

INCORRECT

In data communications, ATM is an acronym for _______.

A)Automated Teller Machine
B)Automatic Transmission Model
C)Asynchronous Transfer Mode
D)Asynchronous Telecommunication Method

12

INCORRECT

Which AAL type is designed to support SEAL?

A)AAL1
B)AAL2
C)AAL3/4
D)AAL5

13

INCORRECT

Which layer in ATM protocol reformats the data received from other networks?
A)Physical
B)Application adaptation
C)Data adaptation
D)ATM

14

CORRECT

Which layer in ATM protocol has a 53-byte cell as an end product?

A)ATM
B)Application adaptation
C)Physical
D)Cell transformation

15

CORRECT

Which AAL type is designed to support a data stream that has a constant bit rate?
A)AAL1
B)AAL2
C)AAL3/4
D)AAL5

16

INCORRECT

The VPI of a UNI is _______ bits in length.

A)12
B)16
C)24
D)8

17

CORRECT

In an ATM network, all cells belonging to a single message follow the same _______ and remain in their original order until they reach their destination.
A)Virtual circuit
B)Transmission path
C)Virtual path
D)None of the above

18

CORRECT

A device called a(n) _______ allows frames from an ATM network to be transmitted across a Frame Relay network.
A)FRAD
B)LMI
C)VOFR
D)DLCI

19

INCORRECT

A _______ provides a connection or a set of connections between switches.

A)Transmission path
B)Virtual circuit
C)Virtual path
D)None of the above

20

INCORRECT

A _________ is the physical connection between an endpoint and a switch or between two switches.
A)Virtual path
B)Transmission path
C)Virtual circuit
D)None of the above

Routing Information
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Email address:

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My TA:
Other:

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