Simptomi i znaci parazitskih bolesti

Laboratorija za parazitologiju i mikologiju

Medicinski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu
Maj, 2012

Abdominalni bol
Entamoeba histolytica (amebni kolitis, infekcija
jetre)
Giardia lamblia
Cryptosporidium
Crevni helminti (Ascaris, Strongyloides)
Anisakis (imitira ulkus ventrikulusa/duodenuma))

Absces, Amebni
(jetra)
Entamoeba histolytica

Absces (filarije)
javlja se du limfatika
ili u nivou limfnih
lezda (obino
sterilan)

Anemija

Malarija (Plasmodium
spp.)
2.5 4.0 mil/mm
srednje
teka
<1 mil/mm teke
infekcije)

Kala-azar

Ancylostoma
duodenale
(mikrocitna
hipohromna)
Diphyllobothrium
latum

Apendicitis

Ascit

Ascaris lumbricoides
Trichuris trichiura
Enterobius
vermicularis

Schistosoma spp.
(fibroza jetre)
Kala-azar (hronina
inf.)

Bronhijalna
astma
Ascaris visceralna
migracija
VLM

Kalabarski otoci
Loa loa ogranieni
subkutani otoci (pruritus,
bol)

Cerebralne
kalcifikacije
Kong. toksoplazmoza
Cysticercosis

agom
Trypanosoma cruzi

Hilurija

Koma

Limfatika filarijaza
P. falciparum
Wuchereria bancrofti Bolest spavanja
PAM
Brugia spp.
Cysticercosis

Konjunktivitis

Konvulzije

Ochocerca volvulus
Miyasis

Schistosoma,
Trichinella,
Echinococcus,
Cysticercus
Malarija
Akutna toksoplazmoza
Ascaris infekcija kod
dece

Dermatiti
s

Leishmania spp.
Schistosomiasis
Strongyloides stercoralis
Onchocerca volvulus
KLM (Ancylostoma spp.)
Sarcoptes scabiei & druge grinje
Miyasis
Pediculosis

Dijarea

Entamoeba histolytica
Balantidium coli
Giardia lamblia
Crevne kokcidije

(Isospora, Cryptospridium,
Cyclospora)

Microsporidia
Blastocystis hominis
Crevni helminti
Trichinella spiralis

Dizenterija
Entamoeba histolytica
Balantidium coli

Kala-azar
Falciparum malarija
Strongyloidiasis
Schistosomiasis

Edem
Lokalizovan
Loa loa
Trypanosoma cruzi
(Romaa znak)

Afrika
tripanozomijaza

Drugi
Bolest spavanja
Malnutricija izazvana
crevnim helmintima
(Ancylostoma,
Fasciolopsis)

Elefantijaza
Filariae (Wuchereria
bancrofti, Brugia
timori, Brugia malayi)

Epididimitis,
funikulitis, orhitis
Filariae

Groznica poviena TT

Malarija
Kala-azar
Amebni hepatitis, fascioliasis, clonorchiasis, opistorchiasis
Schistosomiasis
Afrika i amerika tripanozomijaza
Trichinellosis
Filariasis

Hematurija

Hemoglobinurija

Schistosoma
haematobium

Malaria
(crnomokrana
groznica /P.
falciparum)

Hepatomegalija

Amebni hepatitis
Falciparum malarija
Kala-azar
VLM (Toxocara)
Infekcije jetrenim
metiljima, ukljuujui
istozomijazu

Splenomegalija

Trypanosomiasis
Kala-azar
Malaria
Schistosomiasis
Sindrom tropske
splenomegalije (u
oblastima u kojima su
este malarija, kalaazar i istozomijaza)

Hidrocefalus i
mikrocefalus
Kongenitalna T. gondii
infekcija
Cysticercosis

Hiperpigmentacije
Kala-azar
Onchocerca volvulus
Pediculosis (hronina
infestacija)

Kerandel-ov znak

Keratitis

Bolest spavanja

Onchocerca volvulus
Acanthamoeba

(pritisak na dlan ili

du ulnarnog nerva
izaziva jak bol koji se
javlja kratko vreme
nakon prestanka
pritiska)

Leukocitoza

Amebni hepatitis
VLM
Trichinellosis
Strongyloidosis

Leukopenija

Kala-azar
Malarija

Limfadenitis/limfangi
tis

Filariae
T. gondii
Bolest spavanja
Amerika
tripanozomijaza

Limfocitoza
Bolest spavanja
Amerika
tripanozomijaza

Melena

Meningoencefalitis

Strongyloides
Bolest spavanja
Amerika
tripanozomijaza
Malarija
PAM
GAM
Balamuthia
mandrillaris
Angiostrongylus
cantonensis

Miokarditis

Trypanosoma cruzi
T. b. rhodesiense
Trichinellosis
Akutna T. gondii
infekcija

Miozitis
Trichinellosis
Sarcocystis

Subcutani noduli

Onchocerca volvulus (lie na lipome)

Cysticercosis
Echinococcus granulosus
Sparganosis
Miyasis
Dirofilaria spp.
(D. repens u Evropi)

Intestinalna
obstrukcija
/Peritonitis

Ascaris lumbricoides
Angyostrongylus
costaricensis

Pneumonitis

Ascaris lumbricoides
Strongyloides
stercoralis
Ancylostoma
duodenale
Schistosomiasis

Pruritus ani

Retinohoroiditis

Enterobius
vermicularis
Taenia saginata

Toxoplasma gondii
Onchocerca volvulus
Toxocara
Angiostrongylus
cantonensis

Uretritis /Vaginitis
Trichomonas vaginalis

Proteinurija
Malarija

IMUNSKI EFEKTORSKI MEHANIZMI

KOMPLEMENT

ANTITELA

P
A
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A
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I
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NK

Tc

Th
1

Prezentacija
AG

Th
2

Eosinophilia and Parasitic

Infections

Eosinophils (Eo) are type of

polymorphonuclear leukocytes
found in human blood and tissue.
They have large intracytoplasmic
granules that stain red with the dye
eosin.
Eo originate in the bone marrow
and circulate in blood before
entering the tissues skin, GI tract,
and lungs are major sites of
eosinophil migration.
The surface of the Eo has receptors
for IgG, IgE, and complement.
Elevation of the Eo count above the
normal range is called
eosinophilia.
Clinicians frequently conclude that

 Within the Eo granule toxic proteins (major basic

protein, neurotoxin) are found. They are toxic for
larval helminth parasites.
Eo bind to certain parasites and following adherence,
the Eo degranulates, and the cytotoxic effects are
observed.
The highest levels of eosinophilia occur in helminth
infections in which larvae migrate in the tissues.
Moderate to high levels of eosinophilia occur in the
early stages of intestinal nematode infections that
have an extraintestinal migration phase, filarial
infections, and infections with blood stream or tissue
dwelling trematodes. Higher levels of eosinophilia are
seen in the early stages of infection.
The only occurence of significant eosinophilia with