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2.
The Investigation revealed that the Ruchiraj Share & Stock Brokers Private Ltd
(hereinafter referred to as "Noticee") placed large buy orders and intentionally kept
on regularly updating the buy order which were subsequently deleted and created
artificial market which allured the gullible investor to invest in the scrip thus aided
and abetted the client in manipulation and failed to exercise due and diligence.
Adjudication Order in respect of Ruchiraj Share and Stock Brokers Private Ltd in the matter of M/s Gujarat Arth Ltd.
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3.
SEBI has therefore, initiated adjudication proceedings under the provisions of the
SEBI Act against the Noticees to inquire and adjudge the alleged violations of
provisions of Regulations 4 (1) read with 4 (2) (a,b,e) of the SEBI (Prohibition of
Fraudulent and Unfair trade Practices Relating to Securities Market) Regulations,
2003 (hereinafter referred to as the PFUTP Regulations) and Regulation 7 read
with Clause A (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5) of Code of Conduct specified under Schedule II
of the SEBI (Stock Brokers & Sub Brokers) Regulations, 1992 (hereinafter referred to
as the Broker Regulations).
The undersigned was appointed as Adjudicating Officer, vide order dated April 02,
2009 under section 15-I of Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992
(hereinafter referred to as SEBI Act) and rule 3 of SEBI (Procedure for Holding
Inquiry and Imposing Penalties by Adjudicating Officer) Rules, 1995 (hereinafter
referred to as Adjudicating Rules) to enquire into and adjudge under section 15HA
and 15HB of the SEBI Act 1992 for the alleged violations.
6.
It is observed that noticee bought 11,27,121 shares (13.89%) and sold 13,93,467
shares (17.17%). Noticee bought 1,11,633 shares and sold 6,10,246 shares for
Cavalior Securities Ltd; bought 9,01,738 shares and sold 7,69,471 shares for Basant
Adjudication Order in respect of Ruchiraj Share and Stock Brokers Private Ltd in the matter of M/s Gujarat Arth Ltd.
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Malpani. The allegations against the Noticees were that on January 19, 2004,
noticee for its client CSL placed two orders during the day. The first order was
originally placed for 50,000 shares @ Rs.15.06 i.e. upper circuit price of the day and
was regularly updated throughout the day and most of the time the buy order
quantity was higher than the previous one. The said order was updated for 35 times
during the day and eventually the order increased to buy order for 5,00,000 shares
at the end of the day. The second buy order was placed for 5,00,000 shares at
Rs.15.06 at end of the day at 3:46:20 p.m. It is apparent that the order was just
placed to show that at the end of day also there were buyers for 5,00,000 shares in
the system which remained unexecuted. Thus noticee placed 2 buy orders for total
1,33,55,457 shares out of which order for 1,23,14,500 shares were amendments and
490957 shares were deletion. Noticee placed large buy orders and intentionally
updated kept on regularly updating the buy order so that the order loses its time
priority and other orders placed after this order move up in the system and get
executed. Noticee on net basis sold 1,82,957 shares on January 19, 2004 CSL. Further
since this orders were visible in the system throughout the day; it created an illusion
of large buying interest in the scrip. These orders along with the fabricated results by
the company mislead the investors. The act of the broker is in violation of SEBI
(PFUTP) Regulations, 2003 as it aided in creating misleading appearance of trading in
the market and did not exercise due care and diligence.
7.
The Noticees vide its letter letters dated March 23, 2010, inter-alia, submitted that:
a) Noticee have done trades for its clients and that these trades have been settled
by delivery and payment. Noticee further submitted that the trades undertaken
by then were within the price band of the day. Noticee further stated and
submitted that trades, which was traded by the other persons/entities nor does
it have any corresponding relevance to the statistical ratio derived by SEBI. It is
therefore, submitted that the said allegation / finding is meaningless and
incapable of any meaningful response. It is further submitted that the stock
exchange has put in place an automated price and order matching mechanism of
blind system to ensure perfect transparency in the trading system. Noticee
Adjudication Order in respect of Ruchiraj Share and Stock Brokers Private Ltd in the matter of M/s Gujarat Arth Ltd.
Page 3 of 12
submitted that it only executed the trades of our clients. Noticee further
submitted that it is impossible, impracticable and unfeasible for Noticee as a
broker to detect and perceive the intentions and objectives of clients. Noticee we
further submit that there was insignificant amount of proprietary trades in the
shares of GAL. Noticee further submitted that the trades were entered into by us
for the sole purpose of earning brokerage.
8.
I have carefully examined the charges made against the Noticees as mentioned in
the SCN, Oral and written submissions and the documents as available on record. In
the instant matter the following issues arise for consideration and determination:
a. Whether the Noticee has violated Regulations 4 (1) read with 4 (2) (a,b,e) of the
PFUTP Regulations 2003 and Regulation 7 read with Clause A (1), (2), (3), (4)
and (5) of Code of Conduct specified under Schedule II of the SEBI (Stock
Brokers & Sub Brokers) Regulations, 1992.
b. Whether the Noticee is liable for monetary penalty prescribed under Section
15HA and 15HB of the SEBI Act for the aforesaid violation?
c. What quantum of monetary penalty should be imposed on the Noticee taking
into consideration the factors mentioned in section 15J of SEBI Act?
10.
Before proceeding, I would like to refer to the relevant provisions of the PFUTP,
Takeover Regulations and Insider Trading Regulations which reads as under:
PFUTP Regulations
4. Prohibition of manipulative, fraudulent and unfair trade practices
(1) Without prejudice to the provisions of regulation 3, no person shall indulge in
a fraudulent or an unfair trade practice in securities.
Adjudication Order in respect of Ruchiraj Share and Stock Brokers Private Ltd in the matter of M/s Gujarat Arth Ltd.
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Page 5 of 12
11.
I find from the records that the price of the scrip increased from opening price of Rs.
9.5 on October 6, 2003 to closing high price of Rs.26.45 on November 11, 2003
accompanied by high volumes. The results for quarter ended September 2003 were
declared on November 7, 2003. Thereafter from opening price of Rs. 27.75 on
November 12, 2003 the price of the scrip fell and reduced to Rs. 10.12 on December
18, 2003 amidst comparatively low volumes. The results for quarter ended
December 2003 were declared on January 14, 2004. During this period the scrip
recorded very large volumes especially on 15th, 16th and 19th January 2004. The
price hit the lower circuit of 5% thereafter and closed at Rs.11.10 on January 28,
2004. The volumes in the scrip were as low as 143 shares on October 6, 2003 and
was as high as 8, 04,675 shares on January 16, 2004.
12.
November
1, 2003
13.
Impact
on
price/volume
Next 7 days
price went up
from Rs 21.55
to Rs 26.45.
Marginal rise in
price.
Price
fell,
accompanied
by
huge
volumes.
GAL declared the results for quarter ended September 2003 on November 7, 2003
and following observations were made:a. The Sales of GAL were Rs.2351.68 lakhs and net profit of Rs.237.19 lakhs as
against total sales of Rs.15 lakhs and net loss of Rs.0.44 lakhs for the quarter
ended September 30, 2002.
Adjudication Order in respect of Ruchiraj Share and Stock Brokers Private Ltd in the matter of M/s Gujarat Arth Ltd.
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b. In the notes below the results of September 2003 the company announced that
by an agreement dated 25th October, 2003 it acquired w.e.f. 1st July, 2003 the
business and undertaking of Poonam Industries Ltd. alongwith trade mark
Poonam Sarees having annual turnover of about Rs.100 crores.
14.
GAL declared the results for quarter ended December 2003 on January 14, 2004 and
it is observed from the same that:a. The sales of GAL were Rs.2615.33 lakhs and net profit of Rs.259.29 lakhs as
against the sales of 0.15 lakhs and net profit of Rs.0.43 lakhs for the quarter
ended December 2002.
b. The Board of Directors recommended a dividend of 40% alongwith the results.
15.
I further find from the investigation report that noticee bought 11,27,121 shares
(13.89%) and sold 13,93,467 shares (17.17%). Noticee bought 1,11,633 shares and
sold 6,10,246 shares for Cavalior Securities Ltd; bought 9,01,738 shares and sold
7,69,471 shares for Basant Malpani. The allegations against the Noticees were that
on January 19, 2004, noticee for its client CSL placed two orders during the day. The
first order was originally placed for 50,000 shares @ Rs.15.06 i.e. upper circuit price
of the day and was regularly updated throughout the day and most of the time the
buy order quantity was higher than the previous one. The said order was updated for
35 times during the day and eventually the order increased to buy order for 5,00,000
shares at the end of the day. The second buy order was placed for 5,00,000 shares at
Rs.15.06 at end of the day at 3:46:20 p.m. It is apparent that the order was just
placed to show that at the end of day also there were buyers for 5,00,000 shares in
the system which remained unexecuted. Thus noticee placed 2 buy orders for total
1,33,55,457 shares out of which order for 1,23,14,500 shares were amendments and
490957 shares were deletion. Noticee placed large buy orders and intentionally
updated kept on regularly updating the buy order so that the order loses its time
priority and other orders placed after this order move up in the system and get
executed. Noticee on net basis sold 1,82,957 shares on January 19, 2004 CSL. Further
since this orders were visible in the system throughout the day; it created an illusion
of large buying interest in the scrip. These orders along with the fabricated results by
Adjudication Order in respect of Ruchiraj Share and Stock Brokers Private Ltd in the matter of M/s Gujarat Arth Ltd.
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Page 7 of 12
the company mislead the investors. The act of the broker is in violation of SEBI
(PFUTP) Regulations, 2003 as it aided in creating misleading appearance of trading in
the market and did not exercise due care and diligence.
16.
I find from the investigation report that the Noticee has placed the orders in
following manner. Extract of buy orders of Ruchiraj Shares & Stock Brokers on
January 19, 2004. Ruchiraj placed large quantity buy orders in the scrip which were
updated several times during the period which are given below:
ordid
Avqty
rate
time
aud date
err client
38000100000093195
380
1B L
50000
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
100
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
38000100000093195
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
Adjudication Order in respect of Ruchiraj Share and Stock Brokers Private Ltd in the matter of M/s Gujarat Arth Ltd.
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38000100000093195
380
1B L
490957 490957
0 15:45:12 D
19/01/04
38000100000093338
380
1B L
19/01/04
0 57090
17.
Thus noticee has placed two orders on behalf of the clients on January 19, 2004,
during the day, which was updated regularly and deleted, thereby creating artificial
depth in the market. The pattern of order
18.
The role of the Noticee in executing the larger game plan of creating manipulation in
the scrip of GAL cannot be overlooked. It is not possible for a single entity to
manipulate the market and the role of the entire group has to be considered in a
holistic manner to arrive at any conclusion. In the instant matter the order pattern of
the members of signifies the misleading appearance of trading.
19.
I have noted the submissions of the Noticee denying the allegations. By placing such
orders, the Noticee created artificial liquidity in the scrips and played a role in the
manipulation of the trading.
20.
Regulation 4(2)(a) of PFUTP, inter alia, prohibits a person from indulging in an act
which creates false or misleading appearance of trading in the securities market.
Regulations 4(2)(b) of PFUTP prohibits a person from dealing in security not intended
to effect transfer of beneficial ownership but intended to operate only as a device to
inflate , depress or cause fluctuation in the price of such security for wrongful gain or
avoidance of loss. Regulations 4(2)(e) of PFUTP prohibits a person from any act or
omission amounting to manipulation of the price of a security. As detailed above, the
acts of the Noticee that manner in which orders placed by noticee; it created an
illusion of large buying interest in the scrip. These orders along with the fabricated
results by the company mislead the investors. The act of the broker is in violation of
SEBI (PFUTP) Regulations, 2003 as it aided in creating misleading appearance of
trading in the market.
21.
In terms of Clauses A(1) to A(5) of the Code of Conduct prescribed under the
provision of Brokers Regulations., a stock broker shall not, inter alia, create false
market or indulge in any act detrimental to the investors interest or which leads to
the interference with the fair and smooth functioning of the securities market. The
Broker shall also maintain high standard of integrity, promptitude and fairness and
shall act with due skill, care and diligence in the conduct of his business. It also
Adjudication Order in respect of Ruchiraj Share and Stock Brokers Private Ltd in the matter of M/s Gujarat Arth Ltd.
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mandates that the Broker shall not, inter alia, indulge in a manipulative transaction
with a view to distort the market equilibrium and comply with all the statutory
requirements. The orders of the Noticee as explained hereinabove in detail
establishes that the same created a misleading appearance of tradiing, artificial
volume and price in the shares of GAL. It further shows that the Noticee had failed to
exercise due skill, care and diligence and not maintained high standard of integrity,
promptitude, fairness in the conduct of its business as a stock broker.
22.
In view of foregoing, I find that the submissions of the Noticee are not tenable and
consequently, hold that the charges leveled against the Noticee are proved and that
the allegation of violation of provision of regulations 4(1), 4(2)(a,b,e) of PFUTP, A(1),
(2), (3) (4) and (5) of Code of Conduct for Stock Brokers as specified in Schedule II
under Regulation 7 of Brokers Regulations stands established.
Issue b) Whether the Noticee is liable for monetary penalty prescribed under
Section 15 HA and 15HB of the SEBI Act for the aforesaid violation?
23.
The next issue arise for consideration is as to what would be monetary penalty that
can be imposed on the noticee for violation of aforesaid Regulations. The Honble
Supreme Court of India in the matter of SEBI Vs. Shri Ram Mutual Fund[2006] 68 SCL
216(SC) held that once the violation of statutory regulations is established,
imposition of penalty becomes since qua non of violation and the intention of parties
committing such violation becomes totally irrelevant. Once the contravention is
established, then the penalty is to follow.
24.
Thus, the aforesaid violations by the Noticee make it liable for penalty under
Sections 15HA and 15 HB of SEBI Act, 1992 which read as follows:
Penalty for fraudulent and unfair trade practices
15HA. If any person indulges in fraudulent and unfair trade practices relating
to securities, he shall be liable to a penalty of twenty-five crore rupees or
Adjudication Order in respect of Ruchiraj Share and Stock Brokers Private Ltd in the matter of M/s Gujarat Arth Ltd.
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three times the amount of profits made out of such practices, whichever is
higher.
Penalty for contravention where no separate penalty has been provided
15HB. Whoever fails to comply with any provision of this Act, the rules or the
regulations made or directions issued by the Board thereunder for which no
separate penalty has been provided, shall be liable to a penalty which may
extent to one core rupees.]
Issue c) What quantum of monetary penalty should be imposed on the Noticee
taking into consideration the factors mentioned in section 15J of SEBI Act?
25.
While determining the quantum of penalty under sections 15HA and 15HB, it is
important to consider the factors stipulated in section 15J of SEBI Act, which reads as
under:15 J Factors to be taken into account by the adjudicating officer
While adjudging quantum of penalty under section 15-I, the adjudicating
officer shall have due regard to the following factors, namely:(a)
(b)
(c)
26.
Adjudication Order in respect of Ruchiraj Share and Stock Brokers Private Ltd in the matter of M/s Gujarat Arth Ltd.
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particular scrip raise the issue of demand in the securities market. The greater the
liquidity, the higher is the investors attraction towards investing in that scrip. Hence,
anyone could have been carried away by the unusual fluctuations in the volumes and
been induced into investing in the said scrip. Bedsides, this kind of activity seriously
affects the normal price discovery mechanism of the securities market. People who
indulge in manipulative, fraudulent and deceptive transaction, or abet the carrying
out of such transaction which are fraudulent and deceptive should be suitably
penalized for the said acts of omissions and commissions. Considering the
continuous effort of the Noticee in this aspect where the synchronized/circular
trades were carried out over a period of time, it can safely be surmised that the
nature of default was also repetitive.
Order
27.
In view of the above, after considering all the facts and circumstances of the case
and exercising the powers conferred upon me under section 15-I (2) of the SEBI Act,
1992, I hereby impose a monetary penalty of Rs25,00,000 /- (Rupees Twenty Five
Lakh Only) under section 15HA SEBI Act and Rs.22,00,000./- (Rupees Twenty two
Lakh Only) under section 15HB SEBI Act,i.e total penalty of Rs 47,00,000/- (Rupees
Fourty Seven Lakh Only) on the Noticee which will be commensurate with the
violation/s committed by the Noticee.
28.
The penalty shall be paid by way of demand draft drawn in favour of SEBI
Penalties Remittable to Government of India payable at Mumbai within 45 days of
receipt of this order. The said demand draft shall be forwarded to Division Chief,
Enforcement Department (EFD-DRA-1), Securities and Exchange Board of India, Plot
No. C4-A, G Block, Bandra Kurla Complex, Bandra (E), Mumbai 400 051.
29.
In terms of the provisions of Rule 6 of the Adjudicating Rules the copies of this order
is sent to the Noticee and also to Securities and Exchange Board of India.
ASHA SHETTY
ADJUDICATING OFFICER
Adjudication Order in respect of Ruchiraj Share and Stock Brokers Private Ltd in the matter of M/s Gujarat Arth Ltd.
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