INVERSION-Tom Cat

Trong ting Anh,mt s trng t, cm trng t ph nh phn ln

dng vi cc ng cnh ph
nh.Nhng trng t, cm trng t ny c th c nhn mnh bng cch t
u cu hay mnh
v theo sau l s o ngc ng t.Cch o ng t ging nh cch cu to
cu hi ( tr mt s
trng hp c bit). Sau y l nhng loi cu nhn mnh dng o ng trong
ting Anh.
1. o ng vi NO v NOT.
No + Noun + Auxiliary + S + Verb ( inf).
Not any + Noun + Auxiliary + S + Verb ( inf).
Eg: No money shall I lend you from now on/ Not any money shall I lend you
from now on.
No time will he spend reading these books./ Not any time will he spend reading
these books.
Not a tear did she shed when the story ended in tragedy.
2. o ng vi cc trng t ph nh
NEVER ( khng bao gi, cha bao gi) , RARELY ( t khi),
SELDOM ( him khi), LITTLE ( hu nh khng), HARDLY EVER ( hu nh khng
bao gi)
Never
Rarely
Seldom + Auxiliary + S + verb ( inf)
Little
Hardly ever
Never in mid-summer does it snow.
Never in her life has she seen such a beautiful picture.
Never in my life shall I forget the impression made on me by my first visit to
Uncle Hos home town.
Never shall I marry such a man.
Never has there been an accident on/at this corner.
Never have there been so many people out of work in this country.
Rarely have I got mark 10 in literature.
Seldom do I listen to Rock music.
Little does she understand me.
Hardly ever does he speak in the public.
Little did he know that he was in danger.
Seldom do I miss a football match on TV.
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Never do I lie to my wife.

1/ There was no precedent for the Kings resignation.
Neverbefore had any King resigned
2/ I write to him almost every day.
Hardly
3/ This is the first time I have seen such an interesting film.
Never
4/ I hardly ever go to school without breakfast.
Hardly
5/ The way so much money has been spent on so little purpose must be a
record.
Never before
3. o ng vi ONLY:
Only once ( ch mt ln)
Only later ( ch sau ny)
Only in this way ( ch bng cch ny)
Only in that way ( ch bng cch )
Only then ( ch khi y) + Auxiliary + S + verb ( inf)
Only after + Noun/ V-ing/clause ( ch sau khi)
Only by + noun/ V-ing ( ch bng cch)
Only when + clause ( ch khi)
Only if + clause ( ch nu)
Only with + Noun ( ch vi)
Only in + adverb of time/ place ( ch vo/ ch )
Eg: Only once have I met her.
Only later did I know that I had made a serious mistake.
Only in this way shall we be successful.
Only then did I realize that I had left my passport at home.
Only after posting the letter did I realize that I had forgotten to put on a
stamp.
Only after all the guests had gone home could we relax.
Only after a new pay offer did the workers call off the strike.
Only when I received his letter did I know that he was still alive.
Only when I understand her do I like her.
Only by working hard can we pass the exam.
Only if you help me shall I pass the exam.
Only with a big sum of money can you buy a house in Hanoi.
Only in April is there this kind of flower.
Only by practising English every day can you speak it fluently.
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1/ We can only eradicate illiteracy in our country if we force people of all ages
to attend free evening classes.
Only by
2/ The only way you can become a good athlete is by traing hard every day.
Only by
3/They had to wait for twelve hours before their flight left.
Only after
4/I didnt realize who he was until later.
Only later
5/ Alice and Charles did not decide to move to a bigger house until after the
birth of their second son.
Only when
6/ If you want to save your eyesight, we must operate immediately.
Only by
7/ It was only when I saw the photograph that I knew that he was your
brother.
Only when
1. o ng vi cc cm gii t c NO:
At no time ( cha tng bao gi)
On no condition ( tuyt i khng)
On no account ( Vi bt c l do g cng khng) + Auxiliary
+ S + Verb ( inf)
Under/In no circumstances ( Trong bt k hon cnh no cng khng)
For no reason ( khng v l do g)
In no way ( khng cn cch no)
No longer ( khng cn)
At no time did he know she came from a rich family.
No longer do I work for them. ( = I no longer work for them)
Under no circumstance are passengers permitted to open the doors
themselves.
The outcome of the election was never in doubt.
=> At no time was the outcome of the election in doubt.
You shouldnt phone the police under/in any circumstances.
=> Under no circumstances should you phone the police.
( = the last thing you should do is to phone the police)
You mustnt touch the switch on any account.
=> On no account must you touch the switch.
On no condition shall we accept their proposal.
For no reason must you cheat in your exam.
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For no reason must you play truant.

I am not interested in politics any loner = I am no longer interested in politics
= No longer am I
interested in politics = I used to be interested in politics.
He never suspected that his wife was a spy.=> At no time did he suspect that
his wife was a spy.
1/ He used to smoke 20 cigarettes a day.
No longer
2/ He never suspected that she was a witch.
At no time
3/The money is not to be paid under any circumstances.
Under no circumstances
5. o ng vi: No sooner . Than; Hardly/ Barely/ Scarcely. When/before
( Va mi .th)
No sooner + Auxiliary + S + V + than + clause
Hardly/ Barely/ Scarcely + Auxiliary + S + V + when/before + clause.
I had no sooner arrived home than the phone rang. => No sooner had I arrived
home than the phone
rang.
I had hardly arrived home when the phone rang. => Hardly had I arrived home
when the phone rang.
1/ He got down to writing the letter as soon as he returned from his walk.
No sooner
2/She just had time to put up her umbrella before the rain came down in
torrents.
No sooner
3/She had hardly begun to speak before people started interrupting her.
Hardly
4/ Someone rang the alarm as soon as the burglars left the building.
No sooner
5/ Tear gas was released as soon as the thieves touched the safe.
No sooner
6/ Immediately after his appointment to the post, the new editor fell ill.
No sooner
7.I had hardly put the phone down when the boss rang back.
Hardly
8.She had hardly begun her performance when the light went out.
No sooner
6. o ng vi Not only. but .also (khng nhng. m cn..)
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Not only + auxiliary + S + Verb (inf) + but . Also

Eg. He is not only good at English but he can also draw very well.=> Not only is
he good at English but
he can also draw very well.
Not only does he sing well but he also plays musical instruments perfectly.
7. o ng vi SO v SUCH:
a/ o ng vi SO: So + adj/adv + Au + S + that + clause
He worked so hard that he forgot his lunch.
So hard did he work that he forgot his lunch.
The play is so popular that the theatre is likely to be full every night.
So popular is the play that the theatre is likely to be full every night.
1. It is so hot that you can fry an egg on the pavement.
So
2. Her grief was so great that she almost fainted.
So
3. The demand was so great that they had to reprint the book.
So
4. She became so suspicious that she didnt believe whatever her husband said.
So
5. He walked so quickly that I couldnt keep up with him.
So
6. He spoke so softly that I couldnt hear him.
So
7. He drove so carelessly that he caused twenty four accidents while he was
learning to drive.
So
8.We got home so late that it was not worth going to bed.
So
b/ o ng vi SUCH: Such + Be + Noun + that + clause
The play is so popular that the theatre is likely to be full every night.
Such is the popularity of the play that the theatre is likely to be full every
night.
She is so beautiful that I cant take my eyes off her.
Such is her beauty that I cant take my eyes off her.
Notes: Trong trng hp Be + so much/ great Such + be + Noun ( S)
The force of the storm was so great that trees were uprooted
Such was the force of the storm that trees were uprooted.
Her grief is so great that she almost fainted.
Such is her grief that she almost fainted.
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1. He was so intelligent that he could answer all the questions in Who wants
to become a
millionaire?
Such
2. She is so attractive that many boys follow her.
Such
3. The hurricane winds were so strong that no building in the town escaped
damage.
Such
8.o ng vi Not until/till ( then/ later)
Not until/till + Clause + Au + S + V
Then/later/ Adv of time
He couldnt speak until he was 8.
It was not until he was 8 that he could speak.
Not until/till he was eight could he speak.
1. I didnt know that I had lost my key until I got home.
It was not until..
Not until
2. He forgot about the gun until he got to the police station.
Not until
3. He didnt return to his country until last June.
Not till
4. The editor didnt celebrate until he got promotion in writing.
Not until
I didnt know where I was till I asked a passer-by.
Not until
It was onlt when the office phoned me that I found out about the meeting.
Not until
9. o ng vi neither/nor v so.
Khi NEITHER/NOR ng u mt mnh th ta thc hin o ng.
NEITHER/NOR dng
cho cu ph nh, cn SO dng cho cu khng nh.
Eg:
They don't like meat, and neither/nor do I. I cant sing nor can I play any
musical instruments.
I dont like him, nor do I hate him. She can play the guitar, and so can I.
10. o ng vi NOWHERE
Nowhere + Au + S + V
You wont find a more dedicated worker anywhere than Mrs Jones.
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Nowhere will you find a more dedicated worker than Mrs Jones.
Nowhere in the world is the climate as rough as that in the North Pole.
Nowhere do I feel as comfortable as I do at home.
11. o ng trong so snh vi as v than.
Eg:
The cake was excellent, as was the coffee, (or the coffee was)
I thought,'as did my friend, that the exam would be difficult, (or as my friend
did)
Germany has more companycars on its roads than does France, [or than
France (does)]
Notes:
Ta thng dng o ng sau AS va THAN trong ngn ng vit trang trng
(formal written
language).
Khng dng o ng khi ch ng l i t (pronoun).
Eg:
We now know a lot more about the Universe than we did ten years ago ( khng
dng than did we
ten years ago)
12.o ng trong cu iu kin (Inversion in Conditional Sentences)
Trong cu iu kin ta ch thc hin o ng mnh vi If (If clause). Vi
mi loi cu iu
kin, ta c tng cch o ng ring.
a. o ng trong cu iu kin loi I (type I)
If+S +(should)+ V... -> Should + S + Vinfinitive ...
Eg:
- If you should hear the fire'alarm, leave the building at once. Should you
hear the fire
alarm, leave the building at once.
- If he has cheated, he will have to be punished. Should he have cheated, he
will have to
be punished.
b. o ng trong cu iu kin loi II (type II).
* Cu c ng t "to be": If + S + were ... --> Were + S ...
Eg:
1. If/ were you, I wouldn't do that. Were I you, I wouldn't do that.
2. If Alan were to eat breakfast, he wouldn't overeat at lunch. Were Alan
to eat breakfast, he
wouldn't overeat at lunch.
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* Cu dng ng t thng:
If + S + Ved/irregular verb Were + S + to Vinfinitive ....
Eg:
If he worked more slowly, he wouldn't make many mistakes.
Were he to work more slowly, he wouldn't make many mistakes.
c. Cu iu kin loi III (type III)
If + S + had Ved2
.... Had + S + Ved2
....
Eg:
If they had realized the danger, they would have done it differently.
Had they realized the danger, they would have done it differently.
Notes: V6i nhng cu iu kin ph nh, khi o ng ta NOT sau ch ng.
Eg:
- If you don't believe what I say, ask your mother. Should you not believe
what I say, ask
your mother.
- If she were not shy, she would enjoy parties. Were she not shy, she would
enjoy parties.
- If/ hadn't seen it with my own eyes, I wouldn't have believed it.
Had I not seen it with my own eyes, I wouldn't have believed it.
13. o ng sau cc cm trng t ch phng hng v v tr:
( Inversion after adverbial phrases
of direction and place)
Khi cu bt u bng mt cm trng t, c bit l trng t ch phng
hng v v tr th ni ng t
thng c o ln trc ch ng. Cch o ng ny c s dng c bit
trong vn phong trang
trng. ( formal) hoc vn chng ( literary)
Eg.
David began to open the three parcels. Inside the first was a dictionary from
his uncle.
Above the fireplace was a portrait of Lenin.
In an armchair sat his mother.
Notes:
- ng t TO BE thng c s dng trong dng o ng ny, ngoi ra ta cn
dng cc ng t
chuyn ng nh climb, come, fly,go, hang, lie, run, sit, stand
- Thng ch dng dng o ng ny khi ng t th qu kh n gin.
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- Trong trng hp o ng ny, khng s dng tr ng t nh trong cu hi

m dng trc tip ng
t t trc ch ng.
- Khng thc hin o ng khi ch ng l i t. ( pronoun)
Eg: Khng dng : In an armchair sat she.
* Emphasizing form:
Come in, please Do come in, please.
I went out last night I did go out last night.
It is/ was + Emphatic part + that + clause + Verb
Shakespeare wrote Hamlet It was Shakespeare that wrote Hamlet.
EXERCISE 1
1. Never ..me again.
a. will she love b. she loves c. she won't loved d. she will love
2. Not only .but she is also very intelligent.
a. she is beautiful b. beautiful she is
c. is she beautiful d. beautiful is she
3. No sooner.. out that it rained.
a. did I go b. I went c. had I gone d. I had gone
4. Seldom. the guitar.
a. he plays b. does he play c. he doesn't play d. he does play
5. Hardly. a word whether son came back.
a. couldn't she say b. she could say c. she couldn't say d. could she say
6. Often a meeting.
a. do we have b. we do have c. have we d. we have
7. Many a time .he wants to marry me.
a. said he b. he said c. has he said d. he has said
8. Only at weekend.my kids to Water Park.
a. I don't take b. do I take c. I take d. I do take
9. So old that she couldn't dance.
a. She wasn't b. she was c. wasn't she d. was he
10. here yesterday, you would have met me.
a. Were you b. you were c. Had you been d. You had been
11. On the battle field.
a. the tanks did lie b. the tanks lay c. did the tanks lie d. lay the tanks.
12. At no time greater opportunities.
a. did women had b. has women had c. does women have d. have women had
13. Not once. into her eyes.
a. he looked b. does he looked c. did he look d. looked he
14. has the work bee so easy.
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a. Never b. only by c. When d. For

15. Nowhere. such cooperative staff.
a. you can find b. you found c. you could fmd d. can you find
16. Never before . in an earnest attempt to resolve their differences.
a. have the leaders of these two countries met. b. the leaders of these two
countries have met.
c. have the leaders of these two countries meet. d. met the leaders of these
two countries.
17. Not only the child, but also the grandparents .
a. is joining b. joins c. were joining d. has joined
18. Seldom a newspaper.
a. buys Anna b. does Anna buy c. bought Anna d. Anna does buy
INVERSION O NG - P3
19. Not only.. at the post office, at the grocery store.
a. does Mary work/but she also works b. works Mary/but she also works
c. does Mary work/but does she also work d. works Mary/but does she also
work
20. No sooner the house than the phone started to ring.
a. had she entered b. she had entered c. entered she d. had entered she
EXERCISE 2
1. Only by saving money.. a house.
a. he buys b. he can buy c. can he buy d. buy she
2. Not even once the truth.
a. he tells b. he tell c. tells he d. has she told
3. Choose the correct inverted form.
a. Into the room came the teachers.
b. Not only lazy she is but she is naughty.
c. No sooner had he drunk a cup of coffee than he asked another.
d. A and c are correct.
4. Not only. beautiful but she is graceful as well.
a. did she b. she was c. is she d. she is
5. No sooner .than he begins to be washed.
a. is a human being born b. was a human being born
c. a human being born d. a human being had been born
6. Seldom ..treated like that.
a. I have been b. am I c. I am d. I had been
7. Over there the shop that sells souvenirs.
a. is b. are c. has d. have
8. Never before.. such a disaster.
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a. they suffer b. they have suffered c. had they suffered d. they had
suffered
9. Only if I had known the difference.. the more expensive car.
a. would I bought b. I would have bought c. would I buy d. would I have
bought
10. Neither Mary nor her friends going to the party.
a. is b. are c. was d. a or b
11. Only once a day. home.
a. does Mary leave b. left Mary c. Mary leaves d. will Mary left
12. Only once a day ..home.
a. we can speak b. can we speak c. we speak d. we cannot speak
13. Many a time..this mistake.
a. he makes b. he has made c. did he make d. will he make
14. Never.. the exact cause of earthquakes.
a. scientists have discovered b. did scientists discover
c. do scientists discover
d. have scientists discovered
15. Nowhere else.
a. they can go b can they go c. they can't go d. can't they go
16. Only when at home ..her children.
a. does she scold b. she scolds c. has she scolded d. she has scolded
17. Not a penny.. me.
a. did he give b. he gave c. he has given d. he has gave
18. No longer women bear a lot of children.
a. does b. did c. doing d. do
19. Among them ..several sacks of white flour.
a. were b. is c. be d. are
20. On a hill in front of them.. a great castle.
a. standing . stand c. to stand d. stood
EXERCISE 3
1."This store has such high prices."
"I agree. Never again here."
a. I will shop b. will I shop c. I do shop d. shop I
2. "Is this machine often in need of repair?"
"No, ..problems to arise."
a. Seldom don't we expect b. We expect seldom
c. Seldom we expect d. Seldom do we expect
3. "I can't see the stage very well from here."
.
a. Neither can't I b. Neither I can c. I can't neither d. Neither can I
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4. Not until the early 1900s. to vote in the united States.

a. women were allowed b. were women allowed
c. they allowed women d.when women were allowed
5. Only recently.a favourite sport in the United Stales.
a. has jogging become b. has become jogging
c. when jogging became d. as jogging has become
6. "This is one of the oldest trees in the world."
..such a big tree."
a. Never I have seen b. I haven't never seen
c. Never have I seen d. I have seen never
7. "What happened to jean' new car?"
"No sooner it than someone ran into her."
a. had she bought b. she bought c. did she bought d. she had bought
8. "I would like to apply for the sales position you advertised"
"I'm sorry. No longer applications for that position."
a. are taking we b. we are taking c. are we taking d. we taking
9. Amoebas reproduce by dividing.
a. and other protozoans b. as do other protozonas
c. other protozoans do too d. similar other protozoans.
10. .a higher concentration of people than in Tokyo and Mexico City.
a. nowhere there is b. Nowhere is
c. Nowhere is there d. Nowhere there ins't
11. "Did you like your trip t Niagara Falls?"
"It was beautiful. Hardly ever ..such a spectacular sight."
a. can see you b. can you see c. see you d. you can see
12. "Can children swim in this pool?"
"Yes. However, at no time. alone."
a. shouldn't they swim b. they should swim c. should swim they d. should
they swim
13. Only during the early twentieth century. in the United States.
a. liquor was prohibited then b. that liquor was prohibited
c. when liquor was prohibited d. was liquor prohibited.
14. "I don't like this tossed salad very well."
"Nor
a. I do b. I do either c. do I d. I like it either
15. Not only , but he also plays the piano and writes his won songs.
a. does Billy Joel sing b. Billy Joel sings
c. If Billy Joel sings d. what Billy Joel sings.
16. Nowhere ..more prevalent than in warm, swampy places.
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a. mosquitoes are b. mosquitoes is c. are mosquitoes d. is mosquitoes

17. Only when the ground is kept moist germinate.
a. grass seeds will b. will grass seeds
c. grass seeds does d. does grass seeds.
18. Not until Columbus discovered America ..to Europe.
a. was bananas brought b. bananas were brought
c. were bananas brought d. bananas was brought.
19. Never gain . Greta Garbo appear in films after he retirement in the
forties.
a. was b. do c. is d. did
20. Rarely professional boxers remain active beyond the age thirtyfive.
a. do b. did c.are d.were

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