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TIMONMATE
POTENCIAS Y RADICALES
Notas tericas
-
I.
am
a : a = n = a m n
a
II.
(am ) = amn
III.
ap bp = (a b)
IV.
(a p b q )
VII.
a1 =
1
a
VIII.
a b =
1
ab
a
1 b
= =
a a
b
b
IX.
= a pm bqm
X.
V.
a0 = 1
VI.
a1 = a
1
b
=
n =
a
a
b
a
b
a =a
XI.
XII.
1
2
a =a
XIV.
m
n
p
q
a a = a a =
m
n
nq
amq +np =
nq
amq a np
XIII.
p
p 1 n
n m p
mn
m
a = (a ) = a
Racionalizar:
Racionalizar es quitar del denominador las races. Se pueden presentar
dos casos:
a) En el denominador hay slo una raz. en este caso, la raz se elimina
multiplicando el numerador y el denominador el mismo nmero de
veces que el radical de la raz.
1/6
TIMONMATE
Simplificar
Ejercicios resueltos
1.
162 4 3 = ( 2 4 ) ( 2 2 ) = 28 2 6 = 28+6 = 22 =
2.
(7 2 )
3.
7 3 = 7 2(3) 7 3 = 7 6 7 3 = 7 6+3 = 7 3 =
1
73
1
4.
1
4
2
2
4 2 12 3 152 (2 ) (2 3) (3 5)
2 4 2 6 3 3 32 52 2 10 3 5 52
=
=
=
=
3
2
9 3 8 2 33
36 2 6 33
2 6 39
(3 2 ) (2 3 ) 33
= 2 4 34 52
4
5.
3
2
2
8 4 153 182 123 (2 ) (3 5) (2 3 ) ( 2 3)
=
3
2
20 3 27 2 33
(2 2 5) (33 ) 33
2/6
TIMONMATE
2 12 3 3 5 3 2 2 3 4 26 33
2 8 3 4 53
=
= 2 2 3 = 12
6
3
6
3
6
3
3
2 5 3 3
2 3 5
1
23
1
3
27 81 3 2 3
(3 3 ) 3 4 3 4 2 3 2 3 36
3
=
= 6 =1
2
2
33
3
1 4 27 0 2
2
2
2 2
3 2 3 4 1
36 (2 )
3 2
3 3 16
1
6.
7.
(72) (50 3 )
=
3 1
+
5
35 12
+
10
15
= 2 10
5
9.
39 225 2 15 524
3
= 34 48
8
12
24
12
3 2 5 2
2 5
22 25 = 22
8.
(33 ) (2 5 ) ( 2 3 ) ( 54 )
=
4
3 4
(32 2 3 ) (52 2)
= 2 10
2
10
= 19
15+ 2
10
17
= 2 10 = 10 2 17
54 33
12
5 3
19 5 : 4 19 3 = 19 3 : 19 4 = 19 3
11
12
=2
= 19 12
20
= 19 12
9
12
= 19
209
12
= 12 19 11
55 5 2
55 5
=
= 55(3) = 55+3 = 58
3
3
55
5 5
10.
1
5
11.
2 2 2
2 32
1
12.
22 2
1
2
25
125
1
3
22 2
22
1
2
1
5
2 2 2
23 2
=2
1
3
1
2
=2
1
5
1
3
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
3
4 3
(33 )
27
3
39
3
3
12
13. 3
=
= 12
=
= 12 4 = 12
4
4
8
2
3
2
2 3
2
16
18
2 3
(2 3 )
4
14.
80 : 3 18 =
4 24 5
3
2 32
24 5
3
2 32
2 4 53
=
4
3/6
(2 32 )
= 2 4
53
=
2 4 38
TIMONMATE
4
2
75
4 3
5
=
2
2 3
9
1
=
15. 15
243
15
3
1
1
15
5 =
3 5
3
1
1
1
= 3 =
15
3
3
27
2
16.
2 3 16 = 6 2 3 16 = 6 2 16 2 = 6 2 (2 4 ) = 6 2 9 = 6 2 6 2 3 = 2 6 2 3 = 2 2
17.
2 3 16 = 6 2 3 16 = 6 2 16 2 = 6 2 (2 4 ) = 6 2 9 = 6 2 6 2 3 = 2 6 2 3 = 2 2
18.
3 4
19.
3 2
=
8
64 4 =
21.
( )
34
= 15
12
4 5
3 24
3 32
=3
32
15
34 3 32
15
325
9 5 3 3
312
4 1
(3 ) 4
( 3 4 ) (3 2 )
15
32
15 22
312 310
3
3 22
15
=
=
=
32
32
330
2
3 9
14
(325 )5
( 2)
4
1
1 4 2
4
1 15
1 9
5
2 ) 2
(
(2 ) 2 2
23.
=
=
9
1
38
( 3)
22.
4
3 4 3 36
( 3 ) ( 3 )
5
32 2
1 4 32 2 1 4 9
=
=
22
2 22
2 2
12
= 234 2 24 = 24 2 24 = 2
32 2
1
=
2
22
2
( 3 ) ( 3 )
20.
( 3)
4
(2 6 )
3 4
6
9
2
1
2
1
4 4
4
2
+1
3
1
2
4/6
2
2
11
15
59
11
25
54
=
3
5
3
1
2
=2
5 1
3 2
34 3 4
5
4
= 35
3 3
=2
103
6
7
6
= 2 = 6 27 = 2 6 2
TIMONMATE
( 5)
24.
2
4 5
520
15
3 5 5 25
1 4
(520 )5
15
1 1
5 3
5 52
a 3 2 b 3
2a
b
a
25.
2 1
(5 ) 4
2 ab2
a
2a2
b
52 5
=
=1
5 52
b3
a
4ab 2
2 a 3 b 3
2a
b a
4ab 2
12
26.
27.
2 a 3 b3
4a
2a
12
b a
3
1 12 4a
1 12 4
= b =
=
6 3
2
2b a 5 b 3
2b a 2b a b
4ab
8 50
1
1 2
98 = 2 2 2 2 52
7 2 = 2 2 5 2 7 2 = 10 2
2
2
1
3
1
3 2
1
3 5
3 12
75 =
3 22 3
5 3 =
3 2 3
3=
2
4
2
4
2
4
1
15
21
=
3 2 3
3 =
3
2
4
4
21
28.
= 3 xy
29.
21
6
(xy)
(xy)
xy
xy
1
9xy +
+ 3 3 = 3 xy
6
= 3 xy
6
xy
2
4xy
2 xy
(x 3 y 3 )
1
3
xy xy =
xy
2
2
1 4 81y 2
3
x 225 y = x 2 8 y + x 4 y 2 x 32 52 y =
4
3
3 x
= 16x y + x y 15x y = 2x y
256x 2 y +
Racionaliza
30.
1
2 3 5
2 3 5
5
5
3
3
5 3 25 3 25
=
=
25
10
5
5/6
(xy)
xy
6 (xy) =
TIMONMATE
1 5 x 4
=
=
x 4 5 x 4 5 x 4
31.
5
32.
6
(x)
(x)
5
x4
5
( )
( )
3
x 6 x5
x
x 6 x 5
=
=
6
5
6 5
6 5
x
x 6 x 5
x
3
4 1
(x )5
16
5 16
5 15
x5
x
x x x3 5 x 5 x
= 4 = 4 =
=
=
x
x
x4
x4
x
x 3 (x 5 )6
x5
25
2+25
27
6 27
6 3
x3 x 6
x 6
x6
x
x
=
=
=
=
=
5
5
5
5
x
x
x
x
x
33.
2 ( 3 1)
2 ( 3 1)
2 ( 3 1)
2 ( 3 1)
2
=
=
=
=
2
31
2
3 + 1 ( 3 + 1) ( 3 1)
( 3 ) 12
34.
2+ 3
=
2 3
2
( 2 + 3) = ( 2 + 3) = 2 + 3 2
2+ 3 2+ 3
=
(
)
2
2
23
2 3 2 + 3 ( 2 ) ( 3 )
2
2 3 + 2 (2 3 + 2 ) (2 3 + 2 ) (2 3 ) + 2 2 3 + ( 2 )
4 3 + 4 3 + 2
35.
=
=
=
=
2
2
4
2
2 3 2 (2 3 2 ) (2 3 + 2 )
2
3
2
( ) ( )
=
7+2 6
5
***
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