REPORT ON MONITORING

THE OCTOBER 1, 2005 PARLIAMENTARY

BY- AND RE-RUN ELECTIONS

2005 wlis 1 oqtombris xelaxali da

Sualeduri saparlamento arCevnebis

SUMMARY

monitoringis angariSi

Parliamentary by- and re-run elections were held on October

1, 2005 in five single-mandate election districts: 5 Isani, 57
Tkibuli, 79 Batumi, 81 Kobuleti and 82 Shuakhevi. The
elections were held according to a majoritarian system and five
majoritarian Members of Parliament were elected based on the
single mandate principle from each election district.
The October 1, 2005 elections were of high importance,
as they measured political players competitive capacity and
strength prior to the local self-government elections, which
will take place in 2006. At the same time, the international and
domestic civil societys attention was focused on the new
election administration, which was formed according to the new
principles after the April 2005 amendments into the Election
Code. These were the first elections administered by the new
election administration and therefore represented a test for the
Governments and new election administrations intention to hold
elections in accordance with democratic principles. The October
1, 2005 elections were to determine the public trust towards the
new election administration as well as towards the government.
The International Society for Fair Elections and Democracy
monitored every stage of the Parliamentary by- and re-run

2005 wlis 1 oqtombers, saqarTvelos xuT erTmandatian saarCevno olqSi:

#5 isnis, #57 tyibulis, #79 baTumis, #81 qobuleTisa da #82 Suaxevis
saarCevno olqebSi Catarda saparlamento arCevnebi maJoritaruli sistemis safuZvelze; Sedegad, zemoxsenebul saarCevno olqebSi airCa parlamentis xuTi maJoritari wevri, erTi saarCevno olqidan erTi mandatis
principiT.
2005 wlis 1 oqtombris arCevnebs sakmaod didi mniSvneloba eniWeboda, rogorc politikur moTamaSeTa Zalisa da konkurentunarianobis
sazoms adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebis win, romlis Catareba
2006 wlisTvis igegmeba. aRsaniSnavia, rom saerTaSoriso da adgilobrivi
sazogadoebriobis ZiriTadi yuradReba mimarTuli iyo axali saarCevno
administraciisken, romelic axleburi principiT, saarCevno kodeqsis 2005
wlis aprilis cvlilebebis safuZvelze Camoyalibda. amdenad, 1 oqtombris
saparlamento arCevnebi ganixileboda, rogorc gamocda xelisuflebisa
da saarCevno administraciis nebis, demokratiuli standartebiT CaetarebinaT arCevnebi. aseve, 1 oqtombris arCevnebis administrirebis xarisxi
gansazRvravda sazogadoebis ndobas saarCevno administraciisa da qveynis
xelisuflebisadmi.
samarTliani arCevnebisa da demokratiis saerTaSoriso sazogadoebam
(ISFED) xuTive saarCevno olqSi Tavisi damkvirvebelTa qselis meSveobiT ganaxorciela 1 oqtombris xelaxali da Sualeduri saparlamento arCevnebis

yvela etapis monitoringi. sazogadoebis informirebis mizniT arCevnebis

dRis ganmavlobaSi ISFED-ma gaavrcela sami media gancxadeba arCevnebis
mimdinareobis Sesaxeb. aseve, 2 oqtombers ISFED-ma Caatara preskonferencia da gaavrcela winaswari gancxadeba arCevnebis monitoringis Sedegebis
Sesaxeb. xolo es dokumenti warmoadgens 2005 wlis 1 oqtombris arCevnebis
saboloo angariSs.
ISFED-is monitoringis Sedegebi safuZvels iZleva, rom 2005 wlis
1oqtombris xelaxali da Sualeduri saparlamento arCevnebi Sefasdes,
rogorc Tavisufali, samarTliani da kanonis moTxovnebis dacviT ganxorcielebuli arCevnebi. arCevnebis oficialur SedegebSi aisaxa amomCevelTa
neba. amasTanave, 2005 wlis 1 oqtombris arCevnebi SeiZleba ganvixiloT,
rogorc saarCevno administraciisa da damkvirveblebis TanamSromlobis
saukeTeso magaliTi bolo aTi wlis ganmavlobaSi.

elections of October 1, 2005 in all five election districts with the

help of its volunteer network. During Election Day ISFED issued
three media statements in order to inform the public about the
election process. In addition, ISFED organized a media conference
on October 2 and presented its preliminary statement. This is a
final report on the October 1, 2005 elections.
ISFEDs election monitoring results show that the October 1,
2005 Parliamentary by- and re-run elections can be evaluated as
free and fair, and were conducted according to the law. The official
election results represented the voters will. Additionally, the
October 1, 2005 elections can be assessed as the best example of
cooperation between the election administration and observers
since 1995.

samarTliani arCevnebisa da demokratiis

saerTaSoriso sazogadoebis (ISFED)
sadamkvirveblo misia

MONITORING MISSION OF THE

INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR FAIR
ELECTIONS AND DEMOCRACY (ISFED)

Cvens Sesaxeb
samarTliani arCevnebisa da demokratiis saerTaSoriso sazogadoeba (ISFED)
aris arasamTavrobo, arapartiuli, aramomgebiani, miukerZoebeli organizacia, romelic saqarTveloSi moRvaweobs 1995 wlidan. ISFED-s daarsebidan
dRemde ganxorcielebuli aqvs saqarTveloSi Catarebuli yvela saxis
arCevnebis farTomasStabiani monitoringi. amasTanave, ISFED monawileobs
saerTaSoriso sadamkvirveblo misiebSi: organizaciis wevrebs ganxorcielebuli aqvT arCevnebis monitoringi ukrainaSi, azerbaijanSi, somxeTSi,
amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi, yirgizeTSi, albaneTsa da norvegiaSi. ISFED
aris erTaderTi organizacia saqarTveloSi, romelmac bolo sam saerTo
arCevnebze ganaxorciela xmebisa da aqtivobis paraleluri daTvla (PVT/
PTT), romlis safuZvelzec sazogadoebas miewoda obieqturi informacia
arCevnebis Sedegebis Sesaxeb.
2004 wlis ivnisSi ISFED-ma gadaxeda Tavis strategias, ganaaxla priori-

About Us
The International Society for Fair Elections and Democracy
(ISFED) is a non-governmental, non-partisan, non-profit and
impartial organization, which has been operating in Georgia
since 1995. Since its foundation ISFED has conducted largescale monitoring of all the elections in Georgia. ISFED has also
participated in international observation missions members
of the organization have monitored elections in Ukraine,
Azerbaijan, Armenia, USA, Kyrgyzstan, Albania and Norway.
ISFED is the only organization in Georgia which conducted
a parallel vote and turnout tabulation (PVT/PTT) during the
three previous national elections and disseminated objective
information regarding the election results.
In June 2004, ISFED redefined its strategy and designed

new programs to further support the democratic processes

in Georgia. The three main directions in the organizations
work during 2004-2007 are: Transparent and Accountable
Government, Active Citizenship, and Election Processes. At the
moment, ISFED is implementing a nationwide project Active
Citizens Accountable Government that aims to increase
the transparency and accountability of the Government, as
well as citizen participation in the decision-making process.
Since November 2004, ISFED has organized 233 town hall
meetings, where 143 MPs, their representatives and 916 local
government officials answered numerous questions posed
by 13 917 citizens. In addition, ISFED organized 105 advocacy
workshops, which provided citizens with skills and knowledge
necessary to effectively advocate their interests at the local
level. ISFED also provided 13 trained interns who are supporting
the work of majoritarian MPs in their bureaus. Several ISFED
amendments were incorporated in the Unified Election Code
in April 2005. More about ISFED current activities can be found
at www.isfed.ge, a daily updated web site in Georgian and
English.

Monitoring Mission
The International Society for Fair Elections and Democracy
(ISFED) conducted pre-election, Election Day and post-election
monitoring of the October 1, 2005 elections.
The goal of ISFEDs monitoring mission was to ensure transparent
and effective administration of the October 1, 2005 Parliamentary
election procedures and to provide objective information regarding
the elections to society. Long-term observation was carried out by
5 ISFED district coordinators, while short-term observation was

tetebi da SeimuSava saqarTveloSi demokratiuli procesebis ganviTarebis

xelSemwyobi axali programebi. ISFED-is axali strategiis ZiriTadi mimarTulebebia: gamWvirvale da angariSvaldebuli xelisufleba; samoqalaqo gaaqtiureba da saarCevno procesebi. ISFED erovnuli masStabiT axorcielebs
proeqts `aqtiuri moqalaqeangariSvaldebuli xelisufleba~, romelic
xels uwyobs xelisuflebis gamWvirvalobisa da angariSvaldebulebis amaRlebas, aseve moqalaqeTa gaaqtiurebas gadawyvetilebis miRebis procesSi
maTi CarTviTa da monawileobiT. 2004 wlis noembridan dRemde ISFED-s Catarebuli aqvs 233 sajaro Sexvedra, romelTagan 143-Si monawileoba miiRes
maJoritarma deputatebma da maTma warmomadgenlebma. garda amisa, Cvens
sajaro Sexvedrebs daeswro adgilobrivi xelisuflebis 916 warmomadgeneli da 13 917 moqalaqe. sajaro Sexvedrebze dialogis gziT xelisuflebis
warmomadgenlebi pasuxoben moqalaqeTa kiTxvebs adgilobriv problematur
sakiTxebze. garda amisa, ISFED-ma Caatara 105 saadvokacio Sexvedra, romelTa meSveobiTac moqalaqeebma miiRes codna da gamoimuSaves saWiro unarCvevebi sakuTari interesebis dasacavad da adgilobriv doneze saadvokacio
kampaniebis gansaxorcieleblad. ISFED aseve axorcielebs staJiorTa programas, romlis farglebSic Cvenma organizaciam maJoritari deputatebis
adgilobriv biuroebSi miavlina 13 staJiori. saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsis dasaxvewad ISFED-is mier SemuSavebul iqna sakanonmdeblo winadadebebi,
romelTagan ramdenime gaiTvaliswina parlamentma 2005 wlis aprilSi. ISFEDis saqmianobis Sesaxeb srulyofili informacia, rogorc qarTul, aseve,
inglisur enebze, xelmisawvdomia organizaciis veb-gverdze: www.isfed.ge.

monitoringis misia
samarTliani arCevnebisa da demokratiis saerTaSoriso sazogadoeba (ISFED)
akvirdeboda 2005 wlis 1 oqtombris arCevnebis rogorc winasaarCevno periods, aseve arCevnebis dRes da mis Semdgom procedurebs.
ISFED-is sadamkvirveblo misia miznad isaxavda 2005 wlis 1 oqtombris
saparlamento arCevnebis saarCevno procedurebis gamWvirvalobas, maTi
efeqturad ganxorcielebis uzrunvelyofasa da arCevnebis Sesaxeb sazogadoebis obieqtur informirebas. grZelvadian dakvirvebas axorcielebda
ISFED-is 5 raionuli koordinatori, xolo arCevnebis dRes daakvirda or-

ganizaciis 238 damkvirvebeli.

samarTliani arCevnebisa da demokratiis saerTaSoriso sazogadoebis
(ISFED) 2005 wlis 1 oqtombris arCevnebis monitoringis misia finansurad
uzrunvelyo evropis usafrTxoebisa da TanamSromlobis organizaciam
(euTo). grantis sruli Rirebuleba Seadgenda 14 985 evros.

damkvirvebelTa mobilizeba

ISFED-is sadamkvirveblo qseli faravs mTel saqarTvelos. damkvirvebelTa

mosazidad organizacias ar ganuxorcielebia damatebiTi RonisZiebebi da
media kampania.
sadamkvirveblo misiis gansaxorcileblad ISFED-s mobilizebuli da
akreditirebuli hyavda 285 damkvirvebeli, romelTagan 238 daakvirda
saarCevno dRis mimdinareobas. aqedan saarCevno ubnebSi ganawilebuli iyo
223 damkvirvebeli, 8mobilur jgufebSi, 5saolqo saarCevno komisiaSi,
xolo 2centralur saarCevno komisiaSi.

damkvirvebelTa treningebi
monitoringis misiis efeqturobis gasazrdelad samarTliani arCevnebisa da
demokratiis saerTaSoriso sazogadoebam (ISFED) ganaxorciela sadamkvirveblo kampaniis dagegmva da treningebis seria:
monitoringis kampaniis dagegmva;
arCevnebis dRis dagegmva;
trenerTa treningi arCevnebis dRis damkvirvebelTa mosamzadeblad;
arCevnebis dRis damkvirvebelTa treningebi;
2005 wlis 7 seqtembers ISFED-is centralur ofisSi ganxorcielda sadamkvirveblo misiis dagegmva regionul da raionul koordinatorebTan
erTad. iqidan gamomdinare, rom treningi Casatarebeli iyo xuT raionSi,
organizaciam 15 seqtembers moamzada trenerebi Sesabamisi raionebidan,
romlebmac Semdgom TavianTi saarCevno olqebis teritoriaze ganaxorcieles damkvirvebelTa treningebi 2 etapad. arCevnebis dRis damkvirvebelTa
treningebis pirveli etapi ganxorcielda 18-20 seqtembers, xolo meore
etapi _ 28-30 seqtembers. treningebis ganrigi iyo Semdegi:

carried out by 238 Election Day observers.

ISFED activities for the October 1, 2005 elections were
supported by the Organization for Security and Cooperation in
Europe (OSCE) in the amount of 14 985 euros.

Observers Mobilization
ISFEDs volunteer network covers all of Georgia so the
organization has not carried out any additional activities or
media campaign to recruit observers.
ISFED mobilized and accredited 285 observers to perform its
observation mission, and 238 of them observed the Election Day.
223 observers were assigned to the precincts, 8 were placed in
the mobile groups, 5 in district election commissions and 2 in
Central Election Commission.

Observers Training
ISFED organized different planning sessions and trainings to
increase the effectiveness of the monitoring mission:
Monitoring mission planning;
Election Day planning;
Training of trainers for Election Day observers;
Election Day observers training.
The monitoring mission planning workshop was conducted on
September 7, 2005 at ISFEDs central office, with participation by
regional and district coordinators. As the observers trainings needed
to be held in five districts, the organization trained the trainers from
those districts on September 15, 2005. Afterwards these trainers
conducted 2 series of observerstrainings in their election districts. The
first series of observers trainings was conducted during September
18-20, and the second stages was conducted during September 2830. The schedule of trainings was as follows:

First series:
1. September 19, Kobuleti;
2. September 18, Batumi;
3. September 19-20, Shuakhevi;
4. September 20, Tkibuli;
5. September 19-20, Isani.
Second series:
1. September 28, Kobuleti;
2. September 29, Batumi;
3. September 28, Shuakhevi;
4. September 30, Tkibuli;
5. September 28-29, Isani.
In total, 285 observers were trained in all five districts. The
following training materials were prepared for the observers:
Observers manual 230;
Standard form 230;
Appeal form 460.

Voter Education Campaign

The International Society for Fair Elections
and Democracy (ISFED) conducted a voter
education campaign during the pre-election
period of the October 1 elections in order to
inform the citizens about their rights and duties
regarding the elections. ISFED designed and
printed 10 000 brochures and 5 000 posters,
which were distributed by ISFED volunteers in
all five election districts.
On September 26, 2005, ISFED organized
public stands in Batumi, Kobuleti, Shuakhevi,
Tkibuli and Isani districts in order to distribute
the above-mentioned materials and promote
voter participation in elections.

pirveli etapi
1. 19 seqtemberiqobuleTi;
2. 18 seqtemberibaTumi;
3. 19-20 seqtemberiSuaxevi;
4. 20 seqtemberityibuli;
5. 19-20 seqtemberiisani.
meore etapi
1. 28 seqtemberiqobuleTi;
2. 29 seqtemberibaTumi;
3. 28 seqtemberiSuaxevi;
4. 30 seqtemberityibuli;
5. 28-29 seqtemberiisani.
sul treningi Cautarda 285 damkvirvebels xuTive saarCevno olqSi. damkvirveblebisTvis momzadebul iqna Semdegi sadamkvirveblo masalebi:
damkvirvebelTa saxelmZRvanelo230 cali;
standartuli forma230 cali;
saCivris forma460 cali.

amomrCevelTa saganmanaTleblo kampania

samarTliani arCevnebisa da demokratiis saerTaSoriso sazogadoebam (ISFED) 2005 wlis 1 oqtombris arCevnebis wina
periodSi, moqalaqeebisTvis maTi saarCevno uflebebisa da
movaleobebis gacnobis mizniT, ganaxorciela amomrCevelTa
saganmanaTleblo kampania. ISFED-ma moamzada 10000 bukleti
da 5000 plakati. momzadebuli masala mosaxleobaSi gavrcelda ISFED-is moxaliseTa qselis mier xuTive saarCevno
olqSi.
2005 wlis 26 seqtembers baTumis, qobuleTis, Suaxevis,
tyibulisa da isnis raionebis sazogadoebrivi TavSeyris
adgilebSi ISFED-ma moawyo specialuri sajaro stendebi,
romlebzec gavrcelda zemoxsenebuli masalebi arCevnebSi
moqalaqeTa aqtivobis asamaRleblad.

saarCevno sistema da kanonmdebloba

saarCevno sistema
saqarTvelos konstituciis Tanaxmad, moqmedi parlamentis wevrTa raodenoba 235 wevriT ganisazRvreboda, romelic airCeoda 4 wlis vadiT
Sereuli sistemiT: 150 wevri _ proporciuli sistemiT, anu partiuli siebis safuZvelze, xolo 85 wevri _ maJoritaruli sistemiT erTmandatiani
saarCevno olqebidan.
erTiani saarCevno kodeqsi aseve iTvaliswinebs Sualeduri da xelaxali arCevnebis Catarebas weliwadSi orjer mais-ivnissa da
oqtomber-noemberSi.

sakanonmdeblo baza
saqarTveloSi saparlamento arCevnebis Catareba ganisazRvreba Semdegi
normatiuli aqtebiT:
a) saqarTvelos konstitucia;
b) saqarTvelos organuli kanoni `saqarTvelos erTiani saarCevno kodeqsi~;
d) saqarTvelos kanoni `politikuri partiebis Sesaxeb~;
e) saqarTvelos `sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis~ Sesabamisi muxlebi;
v) saqarTvelos `zogadi administraciuli kodeqsis~ Sesabamisi muxlebi;
z) saqarTvelos `administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis~ Sesabamisi
muxlebi;
T) centraluri saarCevno komisiis dadgenilebebi da gankargulebebi.

arCevnebis daniSvna
saqarTvelos centralurma saarCevno komisiam 2005 wlis 1 oqtombris xelaxali da Sualeduri arCevnebi daniSna saqarTvelos organuli kanonis `saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi~-is 106-e muxlis me-5 punqtis safuZvelze.
arCevnebi dainiSna saqarTvelos xuT saarCevno olqSi. kerZod: #5 isnis,

LEGAL FRAMEWORK
Election System
According to the Constitution of Georgia valid for the current
seating of the Parliament of Georgia, 235 Members of Parliament
are to be elected for 4 years by a mixed system: 150 seats are
allocated according to a proportional system (based on party
lists), and 85 seats are allocated according to a majoritarian
system in single-mandate districts.
The Unified Election Code also provides for mid-term elections
for majoritarian seats to take place twice a year, in May-June and
October-November period.

Legal Basis
The following normative acts rule the conduct of Parliamentary
elections:
a) The Constitution of Georgia;
b) The Organic Law of Georgia The Election Code of Georgia;
c) The Law On Political Parties of Georgia;
d) The relevant articles of the Criminal Code of Georgia;
e) The relevant articles of the General Administrative Code of
Georgia;
f ) The relevant articles of the Code of Administrative Violations
of Georgia;
g) The enactments and decisions of the Central Election Commission.

Appointment of Elections
The Central Election Commission of Georgia called the October
1 by- and re-run elections based on Article 106, Paragraph 5 of
the Election Code of Georgia.
Elections were called in 5 districts of Georgia - 5 Isani,

57 Tkibuli, 81 Kobuleti, 79 Batumi and 82 Shuakhevi

for various reasons. The Parliament of Georgia did not
recognize the authority of majoritarian MPs elected in Tkibuli,
Kobuleti and Batumi election districts, thus re-run elections
were called in those 3 districts. By-elections were called in
Shuakhevi and Isani election districts because of premature
termination of authority by the majoritarian MPs in those
districts. Majoritarian MPs from Kobuleti and Batumi election
districts did not perform Parliamentary activities at all due
to the November 2003 political changes in the country. The
official reason behind not recognizing their authority as
Members of Parliament was negative drug test results. The
Tkibuli majoritarian MP requested the Parliament not to
recognize his authority. Thus, somewhat later, the Parliament
addressed CEC concerning these MPs and on July 21, 2005
CEC cancelled the election results of the above-mentioned
districts by Decree 11/2005.
The authorities of Shuakhevi and Isani majoritarian MPs were
pre-maturely ceased. The Isani MP retired from the Parliament
himself; Shuakhevi MP passed away. Correspondingly, byelections were called in these 2 districts.
According to the Election Code of Georgia, Parliamentary byand re-run elections are called by the Central Election Commission
at least 2 months prior to elections. The new CEC called by- and
re-run elections based on the Decrees 18/2005 and 19/2005
of July 27, 2005 and set the date as October 1, 2005. Although
the elections were called pursuant to law, it should be mentioned
that this was the first case in Georgia of elections being held on
a Saturday.

#57 tyibulis, #81 qobuleTis, #79 baTumisa da #82 Suaxevis saarCevno

olqebSi. tyibulis, qobuleTisa da baTumis saarCevno olqebSi dainiSna
xelaxali arCevnebi, vinaidan am saarCevno olqebSi maJoritaruli wesiT
arCeul parlamentis wevrTa uflebamosileba saqarTvelos parlaments ar
ucvnia. xolo Suaxevisa da isnis saarCevno olqebSi, deputatTa uflebamosilebis vadamde Sewyvetis gamo, dainiSna Sualeduri arCevnebi. qobuleTisa
da baTumis saarCevno olqebSi arCeul maJoritar deputatebs 2003 wlis
noemberSi qveyanaSi ganviTarebul politikur cvlilebaTa Semdgom saerTod ar ganuxorcielebiaT saparlamento saqmianoba. maTTvis parlamentis
wevris uflebamosilebis daudastureblobis oficialuri sababi kanoniT
gaTvaliswinebuli narkologiuri Semowmebis argavla gaxda. garda amisa,
tyibulis saarCevno olqSi arCeulma maJoritarma deputatma Tavad mimarTa
gancxadebiT saqarTvelos parlaments, ar ecnoT misi, rogorc parlamentis
wevrobis uflebamosileba. amrigad, sakmao dagvianebiT parlamentma oficialuri gancxadebiT mimarTa centralur saarCevno komisias am maJoritar
deputatebTan dakavSirebiT, ris safuZvelzec 2005 wlis 21 ivliss saqarTvelos centralurma saarCevno komisiam #11/2005 gankargulebiT zemoxsenebul olqebSi Catarebuli arCevnebis Sedegebi baTilad cno.
rac Seexeba Suaxevisa da isnis saarCevno olqebs, aq arCeul deputatebs
vadamde SeuwydaT parlamentis wevris uflebamosileba. isnis maJoritari
deputatis mier sakuTari surviliT parlamentis datovebam da Suaxevis
maJoritari deputatis gardacvalebam gamoiwvia Sualeduri arCevnebis
saWiroeba am saarCevno olqebSi.
saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsis Sesabamisad, saqarTvelos parlamentis
xelaxal da Sualedur arCevnebs niSnavs centraluri saarCevno komisia
arCevnebamde araugvianes 2 Tvisa. axalma centralurma saarCevno komisiam
2005 wlis 27 ivlisis #18/2005 da #19/2005 gankargulebebiT daniSna da
xelaxali da Sualeduri saparlamento arCevnebis TariRad gansazRvra 2005
wlis 1 oqtomberi. imis miuxedavad, rom arCevnebis daniSvna kanonis Sesabamisad ganxorcielda, unda aRiniSnos, rom SabaT dRes arCevnebis Catareba
warmoadgenda uprecedento SemTxvevas saqarTveloSi.

saarCevno kanonmdebloba
saqarTvelos erTianma saarCevno kodeqsma 2005 wlis 1 oqtombris arCevnebamde
garkveuli cvlilebebi ganicada. saarCevno kodeqsi kompleqsurad saWiroebda
ganaxlebas, daxvewasa da srulyofas. Tumca Seicvala mxolod saarCevno kanonmdeblobis calkeuli nawilebi, ramac mTlianobaSi ver mogvca dadebiTi Sedegi da garkveuli problemebi Seuqmna arCevnebis efeqtur administrirebas.
saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi Zireulad Seicvala saarCevno administraciebis nawilSi. ganisazRvra saarCevno komisiebis dakompleqtebis axleburi
wesi da raodenoba. samwuxarod, paraleluro cvlilebebi ar ganxorcielebula saarCevno procedurebis nawilSi, ramac gamoiwvia komisiis wevrTa raodenobis Seusabamoba maT mier Sesasrulebel funqciebTan _ komisiis wevrTa
raodenoba iyo mcire, xolo Sesasrulebeli funqciebi sakmaod bevri.
zemoaRniSnuli problemis mosagvareblad metad bundovani gadawyvetileba
miiRo saqarTvelos parlamentma, rodesac saarCevno kodeqsis 52-e muxlis
cvlilebebiT damkvirveblebs ganusazRvra da misca ufleba, ganexorcielebinaT
saubno saarCevno komisiis wevrTa funqciebi. amiT ugulebelyofil iqna damoukidebeli sadamkvirveblo institutis daniSnuleba da intersTa konfliqtis
umniSvnelovanesi principi. am gadawyvetilebam, garkveulwilad, gamoiwvia damkvirvebelTa, gansakuTrebiT ki damoukidebel damkvirvebelTa diskreditacia.
amasTan, aRsaniSnavia, rom saarCevno kodeqsSi arsebobda zemoaRniSnuli
cvlilebis gamomricxavi Canaweri, vinaidan, 70-e muxli damkvirveblebs calsaxad ukrZalavs saarCevno komisiis funqciebSi Carevas, rac saarCevno kodeqsSi
urTierTgamomricxavi Canawerebis erTdroulad arsebobis naTeli magaliTia.
centraluri saarCevno komisiis normatiuli aqtebi, romlebic arCevnebis
administrirebasTan dakavSirebuli problemebis mogvarebisken iyo mimarTuli, garkveulwilad, ewinaaRmdegeboda kanonmdeblobis zogierT Canawers
(mag. damkvirvebelTa gamoyeneba saarCevno procedurebis Sesasruleblad,
komisiis erTi wevrisaTvis ramdenime funqciis SeTavseba, registratorisTvis
gansazRvruli amomrCevelTa raodenoba da a.S.). aRsaniSnavia, rom es gadawyvetilebebi saarCevno kanonmdeblobis xarvezebis aRmofxvras emsaxureboda,
radgan, faqtobrivad, kanoniT dadgenil moTxovnaTa Sesruleba SeuZlebeli
iyo; Tumca, csk-s ar unda hqondes organuli kanoniT dadgenili normebis
Zireulad Secvlis ufleba.

Election Legislation
The Unified Election Code (UEC) of Georgia was amended prior
to the October 1 elections. The Election Code required updating,
amending and refinement. However, only some parts of the
Code were amended. This did not deliver positive outcomes
and even hindered effective administration of the elections.
The part of the UEC, which deals with the election
administration, was thoroughly amended and new rules of the
election commissions staffing and the number of their members
were set. However, the part dealing with election procedures
was not amended. This caused a discrepancy as the number of
members in the commissions was reduced while the amount of
the functions to be performed remained the same.
To deal with the above-mentioned problem, the Parliament of
Georgia made an ambiguous decision to amend Article 52 of the
UEC in such a way that would allow the observers to carry out the
functions of the precinct commission members. Such a decision
undermines the function of the independent observation
institute, the conflict-of-interests principle and discredits the
observers, especially the independent ones.
However, another article in the Unified Election Code
contradicts this amendment Article 70 states that observers do
not have a right to interfere in the work of election commissions,
which shows a discrepancy in the UEC itself.
CEC normative acts that were oriented towards solving
the problems existing in the election administration were in
contradiction with some articles of the Code (for example:
using observers for performing election procedures, appointing
several functions to one commission member, number of voters
per registrar etc.). These regulations were intended to solve the
imperfections in the legislation due to the fact that implementation
of some requirements of the UEC was impossible. However, CEC
should not have the right to regulate the UEC so extensively.

PRE-ELECTION PERIOD

winasaarCevno periodi

During the pre-election period, the International Society for Fair

Elections and Democracy (ISFED) was monitoring the election
procedures implementation, staffing and functioning of
election commissions, voter lists updating process, registration
of candidates and the pre-election campaign.

samarTliani arCevnebisa da demokratiis saerTaSoriso sazogadoeba (ISFED)

winasaarCevno periodSi akvirdeboda saarCevno procedurebis ganxorcielebas, saarCevno komisiebis dakompleqtebasa da maT muSaobas, amomrCevelTa
siebis dazustebis process, kandidatTa registraciasa da winasaarCevno
kampanias.

Observers accreditation
On August 12, 2005 ISFED addressed the Central Election
Commission with a statement to monitor the October 1
Parliamentary elections.
ISFED was accredited and registered as an observer
organization for the November 2, 2003 elections and thus did
not need additional registration, as the October 1, 2005 elections
were by- and re-run elections of the Parliament elected on
November 2, 2003. However, ISFED addressed the CEC to get
written confirmation of the above-mentioned fact.
Despite ISFEDs address to CEC, accreditation of the
organization was granted orally at first. CEC orally confirmed
that the organization did not need repeated registration and
the old registration was legally still in force. Unfortunately, CEC
did not pass this information and relevant instructions to sublevel commissions. Thus, during several days, in some district
commissions ISFED had to prove that the organization had been
registered and had a right to accredit its observers by presenting
the old documentation. CEC replied to ISFED in writing on
September 6.

Election Administration
According to the April 2005 amendments to the UEC, the
central, district and precinct election commissions staffing rules
were defined as follows:

damkvirvebelTa akreditacia
samarTliani arCevnebisa da demokratiis saerTaSoriso sazogadoebam (ISFED)
2005 wlis 1 oqtombris saparlamento arCevnebze monitoringis gansaxorcieleblad 12 agvistos gancxadebiT mimarTa centralur saarCevno komisias.
ISFED, rogorc 2003 wlis 2 noembers akreditirebuli da registrirebuli damkvirvebeli organizacia, aRar saWiroebda damatebiT registracias,
radganac 1 oqtombris arCevnebi iyo 2003 wlis 2 noembers arCeuli parlamentis xelaxali da Sualeduri arCevnebi. amis miuxedavad, ISFED-ma gancxadebiT mimarTa centralur saarCevno komisias, raTa mieRo zemoaRniSnuli
faqtis damadasturebeli werilobiTi dokumenti.
mimarTvis miuxedavad, organizaciis akreditaciis sakiTxi Tavdapirvelad mainc sityvierad gadawyda. csk-m sityvierad daadastura, rom
organizacias namdvilad ar esaWiroeboda xelaxali registracia da
Zveli registracia iuridiul Zalas inarCunebda. samwuxarod, csk-s ar
miucia Sesabamisi Setyobineba da instruqcia qveda donis komisiebisTvis
da dReebis manZilze ISFED-s zogierT saolqo saarCevno komisiaSi Zveli dokumentebiT uxdeboda mtkiceba, rom namdvilad registrirebuli
organizacia iyo da ufleba hqonda, ganexorcielebina organizaciis
damkvirvebelTa akreditacia. csk-m werilobiTi pasuxi am akreditaciis
Sesaxeb mxolod 6 seqtembers gagvca.

saarCevno administracia
2005 wlis aprilSi saarCevno kodeqsSi ganxorcielebuli sakanonmdeblo
cvlilebebis Sedegad, centraluri, saolqo da saubno saarCevno komisiebis
dakompleqtebis wesi Semdegnairad ganisazRvra:

 csk dakompleqtda saqarTvelos prezidentis 2005 wlis maisis #401 gankargulebiT Seqmnili sakonkurso komisiis mier Ria konkursis safuZvelze
SerCeuli da SemdgomSi isev prezidentis mier nominirebuli kandidatebisagan, romelTagan 7 daamtkica saqarTvelos parlamentma 2005 wlis ivnisSi.
2005 wlis ivlisSi dakompleqtda tyibulis, isnis, qobuleTis, Suaxevisa
da baTumis saolqo saarCevno komisiebi. centraluri saarCevno komisiis
mier am olqebSi konkursis safuZvelze SeirCa da dainiSna 5-5 wevri.
saubno saarCevno komisia Sedgeba 9 wevrisagan. maTgan 3 wevri dainiSna
Sesabamisi saolqo saarCevno komisiebis mier, xolo 2-2 wevri daniSna
bolo saparlamento arCevnebSi saukeTeso Sedegis mqone samma partiam.
yvela donis saarCevno komisiebis dakompleqtebis procedura kanonis
Sesabamisad warimarTa.
gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom saarCevno kodeqsis sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebis umTavresi prioriteti iyo profesiuli da arapartiuli saarCevno
administraciis Camoyalibeba. sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebi iTvaliswinebda
saarCevno moxeleTa serTificirebas, radganac es iyo saarCevno komisiis
wevrTa profesionalizmis ganmsazRvreli erT-erTi ZiriTadi meqanizmi.
centraluri saarCevno komisiis wevrebis, aparatis TanamSromlebisa da
saolqo saarCevno komisiis wevrebisTvis serTificirebis moTxovna ZalaSi
Sedis 2006 wlis 1 ianvridan, xolo saubno saarCevno komisiis wevrebisTvis
2006 wlis 1 ivlisidan. amrigad, 2005 wels dakompleqtebul saarCevno komisiebze es moTxovna ar gavrcelebula.
2005 wlis 1 oqtombris xelaxali da Sualeduri saparlamento arCevnebisTvis saarCevno administraciebs kvalifikaciis asamaRleblad CautardaT
treningebi. centralurma saarCevno komisiam SeimuSava specialuri saxelmZRvanelo, romelSic aRwerili da ganmartebuli iyo kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli saarCevno procedurebi. amis miuxedavad, winasaarCevno periodSi
saarCevno komisiebis muSaobaSi SeiniSneboda xarvezebi da arasakmarisi kompetenturoba. magaliTad, qobuleTis #19, #20, #31 saarCevno ubnebze saregistracio JurnalSi ar awarmoebdnen Canawerebs, xolo #32 saubno saarCevno komisiis mdivanma saregistracio Jurnalis daniSnulebac ar icoda.
aseve, saubno saarCevno komisiis wevrebis mxridan aRiniSna upasuxismgeblo
damokidebuleba dakisrebuli movaleobebisadmi. ISFED-is damkvirveblebma

10

The Competition Commission was created by the Presidential

Decree 401 on May 2005, which selected candidates on an
open competition basis and out of them the President nominated candidates to the Parliament. The Parliament of Georgia
endorsed 7 members of CEC from the nominated candidates
in June.
The CEC selected on a competitive basis and appointed 5
members of Tkibuli, Isani, Kobuleti, Shuakhevi and Batumi District Election Commissions in July 2005.
The precinct election commissions are composed of 9 members. District election commissions appointed 3 members out
of 9; three political parties having the best results in the last
Parliamentary elections appointed 2 members each. Staffing
procedures of all the election commissions were carried out
according to the law.
Creation of a professional and non-partisan standing
election administration was a priority in amending the UEC. The
provisional articles envisaged certification of election officials,
as this was one of the criteria for assessing the commission
members professionalism. The certification requirements for CEC
members, CEC staff and DECs members will legally come into
force on January 1, 2006 and for PECs members on July 1, 2006.
This means that the above criteria was not applied to the election
commissions staffed in 2005.
Several trainings were held for election officials of the October
1 by- and re-run elections in order to increase their qualification.
The Central Election Commission prepared a special manual that
described and defined election procedures. However, during the
pre-election period, several mistakes and incompetencies were
observed in the work of election commissions. For example: 19,
20 and 31 PECs of Kobuleti district did not keep logbooks
and the 32 PEC secretary did not understand the purpose of
the logbook. Some members of PECs did not take their functions

with proper responsibility. ISFED observers recorded several facts

of closing PECs during working hours and the non-presence of
PEC members.
Nonetheless, it must be mentioned that the election
administrators were willing to administer the elections in
accordance with the law and to cooperate with the observers.
Moreover, they were ready to react immediately to remarks and
thus eliminate the procedural violations.

Voter Lists and Election Registration

The voter lists were one of the priorities of the October 1 byand re-run elections. Usually voter lists largely determine the
fairness of elections. During the March 28, 2004 Parliamentary
re-run elections, hand-written voter lists were computerized
and many mistakes were made during this process. The voter
lists were not updated and corrected following the March 2004
elections. This caused inaccuracies in the existing voter lists.
CEC set as a priority to update the lists of those 5 districts
where the elections were called.
According to the election legislation, different public
institutions are responsible for providing the general data on
voter lists. However, it is well known that citizens registration
was not done properly and consequently such data couldnt be
reliable for refinement of the voter lists.
In the Election Code it is not clarified whether the voters
registration should or should not take place on the Election
Day. However, according to the law, citizens can check their
names on the voter lists and demand the necessary changes
no later than 23 days prior to the Election Day. In addition,
election commissions based either on their initiative or on
citizens statements should make changes in voter lists not
later than 20 days prior to the Election Day. In case of appeal,
a court decides this issue no later than 13 days prior to the

winasaarCevno periodSi daafiqsires samuSao saaTebis ganmavlobaSi saarCevno ubnebis daketvis calkeuli SemTxvevebi an saubno saarCevno komisiis
wevrebis ubanze gamoucxadebloba da movaleobis ugulebelyofa.
zemoTqmulis miuxedavad, unda aRiniSnos, rom saarCevno administraciebma gamoxates nebakanonis Sesabamisad ganexorcielebinaT arCevnebis
administrireba, eTanamSromlaT damkvirveblebTan da daadastures mzadyofna, dauyovneblivi reagireba moexdinaT SeniSvebze da aRmoefxvraT
proceduruli xarvezebi.

amomrCevelTa siebi da saarCevno registracia

amomrCevelTa siebis sakiTxi 1 oqtombris xelaxali da Sualeduri arCevnebisTvisac ganixileboda, rogorc erT-erTi prioriteti, romelic, rogorc
wesi, mniSvnelovnad gansazRvravs arCevnebis samarTlianobas. 2004 wlis 28
martis xelaxali saparlamento arCevnebisTvis ganxorcielda registrirebul amomrCevelTa xelnaweri siebis kompiuterizacia da am procesis dros
daSvebul iqna sxvadasxva saxis Secdomebi. 2004 wlis martis arCevnebis
Semdgom periodSi faqtobrivad ar ganxorcielebula amomrCevelTa siebis
ganaxleba da maTi Semdgomi dazusteba, ramac arsebuli siebis gaumarTaoba
gamoiwvia.
centralurma saarCevno komisiam prioritetad daisaxa srulyofaSi
moeyvana amomrCevelTa siebi im 5 saaarCevno olqSi, sadac arCevnebi tardeboda.
saarCevno kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad, amomrCevelTa erTiani siebisaTvis
monacemTa bazis gadacemaze pasuxismgebelni arian sxvadasxva saxelisuflebo organoebi. Tumca, sayovelTaod cnobilia, rom saqarTveloSi moqalaqeTa saTanado registraciis sakiTxi mouwesrigebelia da, amdenad, arsebuli
monacemTa bazebi arc Tu ise saimedo safuZveli iyo amomrCevelTa siebis
srulyofisTvis.
saarCevno kodeqsi zustad ar ganmartavs, SesaZlebelia Tu ara amomrCevelTa registracia arCevnebis dRes. Tumca, kanonis Tanaxmad, moqalaqeebs
SeuZliaT gadaamowmon sakuTari Tavi amomrCevelTa siaSi da arCevnebis
dRemde araugvianes 23 dRisa moiTxovon masSi saWiro cvlilebebis Setana.
amasTan, saarCevno administracias, sakuTari iniciativiT an amomrCevelTa

11

gancxadebis safuZvelze, Seaqvs cvlilebebi siebSi arCevnebamde araugvianes

20 dRisa. gasaCivrebis SemTxvevaSi, sasamarTlo amomrCevelTa siebSi cvlilebis Setanaze gadawyvetilebas iRebs arCevnebamde araugvianes 13 dRisa.
zemoxsenebuli cxadyofs amomrCevelTa dazustebuli siebis aucileblobas,
raTa moqalaqeebs SeeZloT saarCevno uflebis gamoyeneba arCevnebis dRes.
saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsis Tanaxmad, saarCevno administracia Tavisi iniciativiT an amomrCevlis mier siebSi cvlilebis Setanis Sesaxeb gancxadebiT mimarTvis SemTxvevaSi, amowmebs amomrCevelTa siebs. faqtobrivad,
Tu amomrCevelma ar mimarTa saarCevno komisias siaSi cvlilebis Setanis
Sesaxeb moTxovniT da Tu saarCevno administracias ar gaaCnia iniciativa,
kanonmdebloba ar avaldebulebs mas, gadaamowmos amomrCevelTa siebi. centraluri saarCevno komisiis valdebulebebSi kanoniT gansazRvrulia mxolod amomrCevelTa erTiani siis eleqtronuli bazis ganaxleba Sesabamisi
organoebidan gadacemul monacemTa safuZvelze. Tumca, aRsaniSnavia kanonmdeblobis is gansazRvrebac, rom saarCevno administracia uzrunvelyofs
amomrCevelTa mier kanonieri uflebebis daubrkoleblad ganxorcielebas.
2005 wlis 1 oqtombris arCevnebisTvis centralurma saarCevno komisiam
gamoiCina iniciativa, daezustebina amomrCevelTa monacemebi da SesaZleblobis farglebSi kardakar gadaemowmebina arsebuli siebi. amasTan, ganxorcielda amomrCevelTa mier siebis gadamowmebis procedurac. centralurma
saarCevno komisiam masmediis saSualebebiT ganaxorciela amomrCevelTa
informireba siebis gadamowmebis proceduris Sesaxeb. 2005 wlis 13 seqtembramde amomrCevlebs saSualeba hqondaT, gadaemowmebinaT sakuTari Tavi
erTian amomrCevelTa siaSi, SeetanaT Sesworeba an, siaSi aryofnis SemTxvevaSi, daregistrirebuliyvnen amomrCevlebad. am proceduris gansaxorcieleblad, saarCevno administraciebma kanonis Sesabamisad uzrunvelyves
amomrCevelTa siebis saarCevno ubnebze gamoqveyneba.
gadamowmebisas amomrCevelTa siebSi Setanil iqna sxvadasxva saxis Sesworebebi: siebidan amoRebul iqnen micvalebulebi da is moqalaqeebi, romelTa registraciis adgili ar Seesabameboda saarCevno ubnis dadgenil sazRvrebs, damatebul iqnen saarCevno asaks miRweuli 18 wlis axalgazrdebi da
araregistrirebuli amomrCevlebi, gasworda gameorebebi da sxvadasxva saxis
Secdomebi registrirebul amomrCevelTa monacemebSi.

12

Election Day. This surely emphasized the necessity of having

correct voter lists in order to make it possible for the citizens to
exercise their right to vote on the Election Day.
According to the Unified Election Code of Georgia, the
election administration checks the voter lists on its initiative
or based on the citizens statements. In fact, if citizens do not
address election administrations with statements to update
the database or election administrations do not express
initiative, the law does not oblige them to update the voters
lists. According to the law, CEC is responsible for updating the
electronic database of voters lists based on the information
provided by relevant institutions. The law also states that
election administrations shall ensure that citizens exercise
their rights without impediment.
For the October 1, 2005 elections, the Central Election
Commission expressed a desire to update and check the existing
voters list database by door-to-door actions within reasonable
limits. Additionally, voters were called to participate in the lists
updating procedure by CEC through a media campaign. Until
September 13, 2005 the voters had the opportunity to check
whether they were enlisted in the voters list, make corrections
in their personal data, or get registered if they had not been
enlisted before. For this purpose, the election administration
ensured posting of voters lists in the precincts, as provided by
the law.
The following corrections were made in the voters lists: the
deceased voters were removed from the lists and the voters
whose place of registration did not correspond to the defined
borders of precincts were transferred to the appropriate precincts
lists; the citizens who had reached the voting age (18 years) and
other unregistered voters were added to the lists; duplication of
voters and mistakes in the personal data of the registered voters
were rectified.

Normative Acts of the Election Commissions

CEC normative acts were adopted in accordance with Article
25 of the Election Code determining the types and basis of
CEC decisions. In this way, CEC is authorized to change the
procedures that are unambiguously defined and stated by
the law. Additionally, According to Article 29, Paragraph 1,
Sub-Paragraph c) of the Election Code, CEC is authorized to
adopt such normative acts which may contradict the law.
On the other hand, the law allows adopting such decisions.
An example of this is the August 8, 2005 CEC Decree
5/2005 regarding several voting procedures on Election Day.
The above-mentioned decree changed several procedures
defined by the law. For example: one commission member or
an observer was assigned to carry out the mobile ballot box
voting instead of 2 commission members according to the
UEC; ballot signing function was assigned to the commission
member who stamps the ballots; one registrar was assigned
for 500 voters instead of 400 etc. This decree also further
defined the involvement of observers in the administration
of elections. CEC Decree 5 specifically defined those
functions of PEC members that could be delegated to the
observers. Although this provision followed the UEC and
had been conditioned on a large number of functions and
insufficient number of PEC members, ISFED objected to it as
it contradicted the Election Code.
ISFED made an official statement regarding distributing
the functions of PEC members to observers. ISFED stated that
ISFED observers would not carry out PEC members functions
and would be presented as independent observers in the
precincts.
One more example of changing deadlines by CEC is related
to the deadlines for updating the voter lists. The September 6
CEC Decree 10/2005 postponed the deadlines for updating the

saarCevno komisiebis normatiuli aqtebi

centraluri saarCevno komisiis normatiuli aqtebi miRebul iqna saarCevno kodeqsis 25-e muxlis Tanaxmad, romelic gansazRvravs csk-s mier
miRebuli normatiuli aqtebis saxeobebsa da safuZvlebs. amasTanave,
csk-s uflebamosilebebSi mainc rCeba saarCevno kanonmdeblobiT erTmniSvnelovnad gansazRvruli da dadgenili procedurebis Secvlis
SesaZlebloba. saarCevno kodeqsis 29-e muxlis 1-eli punqtis g) qvepunqtis safuZvelze, csk-s ufleba eZleva, miiRos aseTi normatiuli
aqtebi, rac, erTis mxriv, kanoniT dadgenil normebs ewinaaRmdegeba,
magram, meores mxriv, Tavad kanoni uSvebs aseTi gadawyvetilebis miRebas. amis saukeTeso magaliTia centraluri saarCevno komisiis 2005 wlis
8 agvistos #5/2005 dadgenileba kenWisyris dRis zogierTi saarCevno
proceduris gansazRvris Taobaze. aRniSnuli dadgenilebiT Seicvala
kanoniT dadgenili ramdenime procedura. magaliTad, gadasatani saarCevno yuTis waRebis funqcia kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli 2 komisiis wevris
nacvlad daevala komisiis erT wevrs an damkvirvebels; biuletenze
xelmoweris funqcia SeTavsebul iqna beWdis damsmel komisiis wevrTan;
erTi registratori, kanoniT dadgenili 400-is nacvlad, ganisazRvra 500
amomrCevelze da a.S. es dadgenileba aseve gansazRvravs damkvirvebelTa monawileobas arCevnebis administrirebaSi. csk-m #5 dadgenilebiT
konkretulad gansazRvra saubno saarCevno komisiis wevrTa is funqciebi, romelTa delegirebac xdeba damkvirveblebze. imis miuxedavad,
rom aseTi gadawyvetilebis miReba kanonmdeblobiTac daSvebulia da
gamowveulia procedurebis simravliT da saubno saarCevno komisiis
wevrTa arasakmarisi raodenobiT, ISFED-s miaCnia, rom es gadawyvetileba
kanonmdeblobas ewinaaRmdegeba.
damkvirveblebisTvis komisiis wevrTa funqciebis SeTavsebasTan dakavSirebiT ISFED-ma gaakeTa oficialuri gancxadeba imis Taobaze, rom organizaciis damkvirveblebi ar Seasrulebdnen komisiis wevrTa funqciebs da
mxolod damoukidebeli adgilobrivi meTvalyuris statusiT iqnebodnen
warmodgenilni saarCevno ubnebSi.
kanoniT dadgenili vadebis csk-s dadgenilebiT Secvlis kidev erTi
magaliTia amomrCevelTa siebis gadamowmebasTan dakavSirebuli vadebic.

13

nacvlad saarCevno kodeqsiT gansazRvruli arCevnebamde araugvianes 23

dRisa (8 seqtemberi), siebSi gadamowmebis vadam 13 seqtembramde da, Sesabamisad, gasaCivrebisa da cvlilebebis Setanis bolo vadebmac gadaiwia csk-s
6 seqtembris #10/2005 dadgenilebiT.
samwuxarod, csk-s normatiuli aqtebiT SesaZlebelia kanonmdeblobiT
dadgenili sakiTxebis Secvla da interpretireba. saarCevno kodeqsis 29-e
muxli iZleva saSualebas, rom Tu kanoniT dadgenili moTxovnebis ganxorcieleba SeuZlebelia, csk-m dadgenilebebiT Secvalos kanonis moTxovnebi.
es TavisTavad ewinaaRmdegeba normatiuli aqtebis Sesaxeb kanoniT dadgenil ierarqiasa da wesebs.

winasaarCevno procedurebi
winasaarCevno procedurebi da maTi vadebSi Sesruleba samarTliani arCevnebisa da demokratiis saerTaSoriso sazogadoebis dakvirvebis erTerTi mniSvnelovani aspeqti iyo. aRsaniSnavia, rom saarCevno administracia
cdilobda vadebSi ganexorcielebina yvela procedura da am kuTxiT ar
dafiqsirebula seriozuli darRvevebi.
calkeuli xarvezebidan aRsaniSnavia saarCevno ubnebSi Semavali Senoba-nagebobebis nusxisa da misamarTebis dadgena-gamoqveyneba, rac mcireodeni xniT dagvianda baTumis, Suaxevisa da tyibulis saarCevno olqebSi.
faqtobrivad, adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobisa da mmarTvelobis organoebs ar SeusrulebiaT arCevnebTan dakavSirebuli saarCevno kodeqsis
75-e muxliT gansazRvruli valdebulebebi, romlis Tanaxmad, arCevnebamde 50 dRiT adre maT unda gamoeqveynebinaT im SenobaTa CamonaTvali,
romlebzec akrZalulia saarCevno plakatebis gakvra. ISFED-is damkvirveblebma versad moipoves aseTi sia.
arCevnebis administrirebisTvis dafinanseba finansTa saministros mier
ar ganxorcielda vadebis dacviT, ramac gamoiwvia csk-s mxridan qveda
donis saarCevno administraciebisadmi Tanxebis dagvianebiT gadaricxva,
Tumca, sabednierod, am faqts saarCevno procedurebis ganxorcielebisTvis
xeli ar SeuSlia.

14

voters lists till September 13 instead of the stated September 8 (23

days prior to the elections), and correspondingly the deadlines for
appeal and correction.
Unfortunately, CEC normative acts can change and differently
interpret the regulations that are unambiguously defined by
the law. Article 29 of the Election Code allows for changing the
regulations by CEC decrees in case it is impossible to execute the
regulations stated in the law. This is in contradiction with the Law
on Normative Acts and violates the hierarchy between normative
acts and the organic law.

Pre-Election Procedures
Pre-election procedures and their implementation within the
fixed time-limits was one of the most important aspects of ISFEDs
observation. It must be stated, that the election administration
attempted to carry out all the procedures in defined deadlines and
serious violations regarding this issue were not reported.
Minor problems occurred regarding posting lists of precinct
buildings and addresses. These lists were posted late in Batumi,
Shuakhevi and Tkibuli districts. It is important to note that the local
self-governments did not fulfill their responsibilities regarding
the elections as defined by Article 75 of the Election Code,
which obliges the local and self-governments to disseminate a
list of buildings where it is prohibited to post election campaign
materials no later than 50 days prior to the elections. ISFED
observers could not find any published information regarding the
places where posting of election posters was prohibited.
The Ministry of Finance did not provide timely financing of the
election administrations, which in turn prevented the CEC from
transferring funds to sub-level election administrations on time.
Fortunately, this fact did not hinder normal administration of the
election procedures.

Registration of Election Subjects

saarCevno subieqtTa registracia

Registration of the candidates presented by political parties

in the CEC and by initiative groups in the DECs was conducted
in accordance with the law. Registration of the subjects of
the November 2, 2003 elections was legally in force. These
election subjects were only obliged to submit a statement
regarding participation in the Parliamentary by- and re-run
elections. The election subjects, who did not have election
registration, had to address the CEC with a statement in
order to participate in the elections and pursue other norms
stated by the law.
The CEC defined the numeration of political parties and
election blocks participating in the October 1 Elections:
Conservative Party of Georgia 23
National-Democratic Party 21
Social-Democratic Party of Georgia 22
The numeration was confirmed for:
Election bloc Right Opposition Industrials New Right 3
United National Movement 5
United Communist Party of Georgia 6
Political Movement Tavisupleba (Freedom) 18

centralur saarCevno komisiaSi politikuri partiebisa da saolqo saarCevno

komisiebSi sainiciativo jgufebis mier wardgenili kandidatebis saarCevno
registracia kanonis dacviT ganxorcielda. 2003 wlis 2 noembris saerTo
arCevnebisTvis registrirebuli subieqtebis saarCevno registracia iuridiulad ZalaSi rCeboda. am saarCevno subieqtebs mxolod xelaxal da Sualedur
saparlamento arCevnebSi monawileobis Sesaxeb gancxadebiT unda miemarTaT
centraluri saarCevno komisiisTvis. rac Seexeba im saarCevno subieqtebs,
romelTac ar hqondaT saarCevno registracia, arCevnebSi monawileobis misaRebad maT registraciis moTxovnis gancxadebiT unda miemarTaT csk-sTvis da
daecvaT kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli Sesabamisi normebi.
centralurma saarCevno komisiam Semdegnairad gansazRvra 2005 wlis 1
oqtombris arCevnebSi monawile partiebisa da blokebis rigiToba:
saqarTvelos konservatiuli partia#23
erovnul-demokratiuli partia#21
saqarTvelos socialur-demokratiuli partia#22
rigiToba ukve miniWebuli hqondaT Semdeg partiebs:
saarCevno bloki `memarjvene opozicia-mrewvelebi, axlebi~#3
erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba#5
saqarTvelos erTiani komunisturi partia#6
politikuri moZraoba ~Tavisufleba~#18

Registration of the candidates participating in the elections

was conducted and finalized according to the law. The registered
candidates were:
Batumi Election District
1. Jemal Inaishvili United National Movement;
2. Jemal Makaradze Political Movement Tavisupleba (Freedom);
3. Jumber Tavartkiladze Conservative Party of Georgia;
4. Teimuraz Samnidze United Communist Party of Georgia;
5. Tamaz Gogitidze Initiative Group;
6. Aleksandre Chitishvili Initiative Group;
7. Gia Sikharulidze Initiative Group.

arCevnebSi monawile kandidatebis registracia kanonis Tanaxmad ganxorcielda. saarCevno olqebis mixedviT registrirebul iqnen Semdegi kandidatebi:
baTumis saarCevno olqi
1. jemal inaiSvilierTiani nacionaluri moZraoba;
2. jemal makaraZepolitikuri moZraoba `Tavisufleba~;
3. jumber TavarTqilaZesaqarTvelos konservatiuli partia;
4. Teimuraz samniZesaqarTvelos erTiani komunisturi partia;
5. Tamaz gogitiZesainiciativo jgufi;
6. aleqsandre CitiSvilisainiciativo jgufi;
7. gia sixaruliZesainiciativo jgufi.

15

qobuleTis saarCevno olqi

1. koba xabazierTiani nacionaluri moZraoba;
2. jimSer jinWaraZesaqarTvelos konservatiuli partia;
3. avTandil miqelaiSvilisainiciativo jgufi.

Kobuleti Election District

1. Koba Khabazi - United National Movement;
2. Jimsher Jincharadze Conservative Party of Georgia;
3. Avtandil Mikelaishvili Initiative Group.

Suaxevis saarCevno olqi

1. elguja makaraZeerTiani nacionaluri moZraoba;
2. edvard niJaraZememarjvene opozicia _ mrewvelebi, axlebi;
3. zurab zoiZepolitikuri moZraoba `Tavisufleba~;
4. vladimer mamulaiSvilisainiciativo jgufi.

Shuakhevi Election District

1. Elguja Makaradze United National Movement;
2. Edvard Nizharadze - Right Opposition Industrials New Right;
3. Zurab Zoidze - Political Movement Tavisupleba (Freedom);
4. Vladimer Mamulaishvili Initiative Group.

tyibulis saarCevno olqi

1. nino qvarianimemarjvene opoziciamrewvelebi, axlebi;
2. pavle kublaSvilierTiani nacionaluri moZraoba;
3. Salva gabriaZesaqarTvelos konservatiuli partia.

Tkibuli Election District

1. Nino Kvariani - Right Opposition Industrials New Right;
2. Pavle Kublashvili United National Movement;
3. Shalva Gabriadze Conservative Party of Georgia.

isnis saarCevno olqi

1. giorgi mosiZememarjvene opoziciamrewvelebi, axlebi;
2. biZina bregaZeerTiani nacionaluri moZraoba;
3. giorgi gogniaSvilierovnul-demokratiuli partia;
4. merab kaWaxiZesaqarTvelos konservatiuli partia;
5. Jiuli siymaSvilisaqarTvelos erTiani komunisturi partia;
6. giorgi andriaZe sainiciativo jgufi;
7. robert aruTinianisainiciativo jgufi.

Isani Election District

1. Giorgi Mosidze - Right Opposition Industrials New Right;
2. Bidzina Bregadze - United National Movement;
3. Giorgi Gogniashvili National-Democratic Party;
4. Merab Kachakhidze Conservative Party of Georgia;
5. Zhiuli Sikmashvili United Communist Party of Georgia;
6. Giorgi Andriadze Initiative Group;
7. Robert Arutiniani Initiative Group.

arCevnebamde zogierTma registrirebulma kandidatma moxsna Tavisi

kandidatura, razec winaswari arCevnebispraimeris Sedegebmac iqonia zegavlena. kandidaturebi moxsnes:
#5 isnis saarCevno olqigiorgi andriaZe da merab kaWaxiZe;
#57 tyibulis saarCevno olqiSalva gabriaZe;
#79 baTumis saarCevno olqijemal makaraZe;
#82 Suaxevis saarCevno olqi _ zurab zoiZe.

The following candidates, based on the results of the Primary

Elections, withdrew their candidatures prior to the elections.
5 Isani election district Giorgi Andriadze and Merab
Kachakhidze;
57 Tkibuli election district Shalva Gabriadze;
79 Batumi election district Jemal Makaradze;
82 Shuakhevi election district Zurab Zoidze.

16

Pre-Election Campaign
According to the law, the candidates pre-election campaign and
agitation start from the date of the appointment of elections.
Initially, the campaigns of election subjects did not have a harsh
character and were conducted in calm atmosphere. However, preelection campaigns grew more active after the Primary Elections.
The facts of intimidation and interruption of pre-election
campaigns were not observed. The public television station allocated
equal airtime for each candidates pre-election campaign thus
providing all the necessary conditions determined by law for the
election subjects.
The Election Code provides for campaigning against other
candidates. Unfortunately, pre-election campaigns of some
candidates were focused more on campaigning against opponents
without documented arguments, rather than on actual personal
programs and plans. These facts negatively affected the votersattitude
towards the election subjects and the elections on the whole.
The governing party candidates possessed an important
resource by having the Presidents support. The President of
Georgia is at the same time the chair of the National Movement
Party, which is allowed by the Constitution of Georgia. The
President quite frequently and explicitly expressed his support
to governing party candidates through mass media. Article 73 of
the Election Code prohibits the public officials and the leading
officials of the Executive Branch departments to participate in
pre-election agitation; however, it is worth mentioning that on
September 2005, Gldani-Nadzaladevi district court turned down
the suit filed by the Conservative Party and decided that the
President shall not be considered as such an official.

Primary Elections
The primary elections were held for the first time ever in Georgia on
September 17, 2005 with participation of four opposition parties

winasaarCevno kampania, agitacia

kanonis Tanaxmad, kandidatTa winasaarCevno kampania da agitacia iwyeba arCevnebis daniSvnis dRidan. Tavdapirvelad, saarCevno subieqtTa kampania didi
simZafriT ar gamoirCeoda da mSvid atmosferoSi mimdinareobda, Tumca kandidatTa winasaarCevno kampania aqtiur fazaSi winaswari arCevnebis (praimeris)
Semdeg Sevida.
Zaladobisa da saarCevno kampaniisTvis xelis SeSlis faqtebi ar dafiqsirebula. sazogadoebrivma mauwyeblobam Tanabrad gamoyo dro kandidatTa
winasaarCevno kampaniisTvis, riTac saarCevno subieqtebs kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli aucilebeli pirobebi Seuqmna.
aRsaniSnavia, rom saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsiT daSvebulia sxva
saarCevno kandidatebis sawinaaRmdegod kampaniis warmoeba. samwuxarod, zogierTi kandidatis winasaarCevno kampania sakuTari programis warmodgenis
nacvlad, xSirad oponenti kandidatebis sawinaaRmdegod iyo mimarTuli
da ZiriTadad dausabuTebel argumentebs efuZneboda. aseTma faqtebma
negatiuri zegavlena moaxdina amomrCevlebze da maT damokidebulebaze
rogorc saarCevno subieqtebis, aseve arCevnebis mimarT.
saqarTvelos prezidentis mxardaWeris faqtori mniSvnelovani resursi
iyo saxelisuflebo, anu nacionaluri moZraobis kandidatTaTvis. aRsaniSnavia, rom saqarTvelos prezidenti amavdroulad aris nacionaluri
moZraobis Tavmjdomare, rac daSvebulia saqarTvelos konstituciiT.
prezidenti sakmaod xSirad da Riad gamoxatavda saxelisuflebo kandidatebis mxardaWeras masmediis saSualebebSi. saarCevno kodeqsis 73-e muxlis
Tanaxmad, saxelmwifo sajaro moxeleebs da aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis
organoebis xelmZRvanel pirebs ekrZalebaT winasaarCevno agitaciaSi monawileoba; Tumca, saintereso da dasafiqrebeli sakiTxia, rom 2005 wlis
seqtemberSi gldani-naZaladevis raionis sasamarTlom ganixila konservatiuli partiis sarCeli am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT da saqarTvelos prezidenti sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebiT ar iqna miCneuli aseT pirad.

winaswari arCevnebi (praimeri)

winaswari arCevnebi (praimeri) 2005 wlis 17 seqtembers pirvelad Catarda
saqarTveloSi da is Caatara oTxma opoziciurma politikurma partiam: `me-

17

marjvene opozicia~, `leiboristebi~, politikurma moZraoba `Tavisufleba~

da `konservatorebi~. praimeris mizani iyo, 2005 wlis 1 oqtombers daniSnuli arCevnebisTvis gamoevlina opoziciuri partiebis yvelaze Zlieri
erToblivi kandidatebi Sesabamis olqebSi.
samarTliani arCevnebisa da demokratiis saerTaSoriso sazogadoebis
(ISFED) 40 damkvirvebeli aseve axorcielebda winaswari arCevnebis (praimeri),
rogorc winasaarCevno periodis erT-erTi aqtivobis, monitorings baTumis,
Suaxevis, tyibulisa da isnis saarCevno olqebSi. qobuleTis saarCevno olqSi winaswari arCevnebi (praimeri) ar Catarebula.
praimeris Catareba zemoxsenebuli politikuri partiebis resursebiTa
da organizebiT ganxorcielda da sakmaod mokle droSi momzadda. monawile politikuri partiebis mier SemuSavebul iqna winaswari arCevnebis
debuleba, romelic detalurad ar aRwerda winaswari arCevnebis procedurebs da, amdenad, arCevnebis gansaxorcieleblad sxvadasxva sakiTxebi
sityvieri miTiTebebis doneze wydeboda. ar iyo daxvewili sxvadasxva
saarCevno procedurebi, amomrCevelTa umravlesoba ar iyo informirebuli,
Tu ra saxis arCevnebi tardeboda, rac aisaxa kidec amomrCevelTa dabal
aqtivobasa da gaugebrobebSi.
kenWisyra Catarda amomrCevelTa siebis gareSe, anu, faqtobrivad, yvela
amomrCevelma arCevnebis dRes gaiara registracia. ar iyo saTanadod gansazRvruli gasaCivrebis procedurac. gamomdinare iqidan, rom ar xdeboda amomrCevelTa markireba, arsebobda ganmeorebiT xmis micemis SesaZlebloba.
zemoaRniSnuli faqtebis miuxedavad, praimeriT miRweul iqna mTavari
mizani da gamovlinda opoziciur partiaTa gamarjvebuli kandidatebi Sesabamis olqebSi:
#5 isanigiorgi mosiZe (saarCevno bloki `memarjvene opoziciamrewvelebi, axlebi~);
#57 tyibulinino qvariani (saarCevno bloki `memarjvene opoziciamrewvelebi, axlebi~);
#79 baTumijumber TavarTqilaZe (saqarTvelos konservatiuli partia);
#82 Suaxeviedvard niJaraZe (saarCevno bloki `memarjvene opoziciamrewvelebi, axlebi~).

18

- Right Opposition, Labor Party, political movement Tavisupleba

and Conservatives. The purpose of the primary elections was to
elect a unified candidate of the opposition parties in each relevant
election district for the October 1st elections.
40 observers of the International Society for Fair Elections and
Democracy (ISFED) monitored the primary elections in Batumi,
Shuakhevi, Tkibuli and Isani election districts as a part of the
organizations pre-election monitoring activity. Primary elections
were not held in Kobuleti district.
The elections were held using the resources of the abovementioned political parties and organized in a short period of
time. Political parties drafted a primary decree that failed to define
election procedures in due detail. Further instructions necessary
to administer the elections were given orally. Election procedures
were not properly defined and the majority of voters did not
understand what kind of elections were being held, which caused
low turn-out and frequent misunderstandings.
The voting process was held without voter lists, which
meant that all the voters were registered on the Election Day,
and appeal procedures were not defined in a proper way.
Because the voter marking was not used, there was a possibility
of multiple voting.
Despite the above-stated facts and problems, primary
elections revealed the winner candidates in the above-mentioned
districts:
5 Isani Giorgi Mosidze (Election Block Right Opposition
Industrials, New Rights);
57 Tkibuli Nino Kvariani (Election Block Right Opposition
Industrials, New Rights);
79 Batumi Jumber Tavartkiladze (Conservative Party of
Georgia);
82 Shuakhevi Edward Nizharadze (Election Block Right
Opposition Industrials, New Rights).

The primary elections were a good example of opposition

parties cooperation and determination of their relative strength.

praimeri Seqmna opoziciur ZalTa SeTanxmebisa da realuri SesaZleblobebis gansazRvris udavod kargi precedenti.

ELECTION DAY

arCevnebis dRe

Polling
Generally, the October 1, 2005 Election Day deserves a positive
evaluation. Polling began in a calm and normal atmosphere and
no major incidents were observed. Only one precinct 43 of
Isani district was opened 5 minutes late.
There were no occasions of impeding the observers work
except one: the secretary of PEC 2 of Kobuleti district registered
the ISFED observer under a different organization name. Sub
sequently, this observer was withdrawn from the precinct as
the law prohibits the presence of 2 observers from the same
organization at the same time. This problem was worked out in
an hour. Other minor misunderstandings, especially attempts to
appoint PEC members functions to ISFED observers, were worked
out on time by the PECs after CECs directions.
The Election Day revealed many problems related to the voter
lists, e.g. a substantial number of voters were not registered in the
voter lists and these lists could not ensure that all the citizens, who
were willing to enjoy their right to vote, could express their will.
The following problems were observed in the voter lists:
Some voters had not checked whether they were enlisted or
not; thus they were not registered;
Some voters had notified that they had not been enlisted;
however, their personal data did not appear in the voters lists
after the lists updating procedure;
Duplication of voters and mistakes in the personal data of the
registered voters were still observed.
The main reason behind not being enlisted in the voters

kenWisyra
arCevnebis dRe, 2005 wlis 1 oqtomberi, mTlianobaSi pozitiur Sefasebas
imsaxurebs. kenWisyra mSvid da normalur garemoSi daiwyo da ar dafiqsirebula raime saxis garTulebebi. dafiqsirda mxolod erTi ubnis dagvianebiT
gaxsnis faqti _ isnis #43 saarCevno ubani 5 wuTis dagvianebiT gaixsna.
damkvirvebelTa saqmianobis SezRudvis seriozuli faqtebi ar dafiqsirebula erTi SemTxvevis garda _ qobuleTis #2 saarCevno ubanze saubno
komisiis mdivanma ISFED-is damkvirvebeli SecdomiT sxva organizaciis
saxeliT daaregistrira, rasac mohyva am damkvirveblis saarCevno ubnidan
gaZeveba, vinaidan, kanonis Tanaxmad, erTdroulad 2 damkvirvebeli erTi
organizaciidan saarCevno ubanSi ar daiSveba. es problema mxolod 1 saaTis Semdgom mogvarda. sxva SemTxvevebSi warmoqmnili mcire gaugebrobebi,
gansakuTrebiT damkvirveblebisTvis saubno komisiis wevrTa funqciebis
SeTavsebis mcdelobebi, csk-s CareviT droulad gvardeboda.
arCevnebis dRem aCvena, rom mniSvnelovani raodenobis amomrCeveli
ar iyo registrirebuli da amomrCevelTa siebma ver uzrunvelyo xmis
micemis msurveli yvela moqalaqis mier TavianTi saarCevno uflebis
ganxorcieleba.
amomrCevelTa siebSi dafiqsirda sxvadasxva saxis problemebi:
amomrCevelTa garkveulma nawilma ar gadaamowma sakuTari Tavi da, Sesabamisad, ver moxvda amomrCevelTa erTian siaSi;
amomrCevelTa garkveulma nawilma gadaamowma sakuTari Tavi, Tumca
monacemTa damuSavebis Semdeg maTi monacemebi aRar aRmoCnda amomrCevelTa erTian siaSi;
amomrCevelTa siebSi isev iyo gameorebebi da sxvadasxva saxis
Secdomebi.
amomrCevelTa siebSi amomrCevelTa aryofnis ZiriTadi mizezi maT

19

mier gadamowmebis proceduraSi monawileobis armiReba gaxda, Tumca

mxolod amomrCevlis valdebulebis WrilSi am sakiTxis ganxilva ar
iqneboda marTebuli. amomrCevelTa garkveuli raodenobis siidan gamorCenas ki sxva mizezic hqonda, rac oficialurad kompiuteruli
programis arasrulyofilebiT aixsna. imis miuxedavad, rom saarCevno
administraciebma gamoxates survili, daezustebinaT amomrCevelTa siebi,
monacemebis damuSavebisas daSvebuli iqna Secdomebi, rasac is faqtic
mowmobs, rom arCevnebis dRemde sul oriode dRiT adre kidev mimdinareobda siebSi Sesworebebis Setana da, faqtobrivad, saarCevno administraciebmac ver uzrunvelyves amomrCevelTa siebTan dakavSirebuli
valdebulebebis Sesruleba.
zogadad, 2005 wlis 1 oqtombris arCevnebisTvis amomrCevelTa siebis
gaumarTaoba gaxda yvelaze masobrivi problema, rac zRudavda amomrCevlebis xmis micemis uflebas. saarCevno ubnebze, saSualod, siebSi
armyofi aTeulobiT amomrCeveli dafiqsirda. magaliTad, isnis saarCevno
olqis #6 saarCevno ubanSi arCevnebze misul amomrCevelTa 20% ar aRmoCnda amomrCevelTa siaSi. Tumca, am sakiTxs mniSvnelovani zegavlena
arCevnebis Sedegebze ar mouxdenia.
saarCevno ubnebi ZiriTadad aRWurvili iyo yvela saWiro masaliT, Tumca, aRsaniSnavia baTumis #2 da #13 saarCevno ubnebi, sadac xmis micemis
instruqcia da saarCevno biuletenis nimuSi ar iyo gamokruli.
saarCevno proceduruli darRvevebis calkeuli SemTxvevebi isev amomrCevelTa siebs ukavSirdeboda. magaliTad, Suaxevis #42 saarCevno ubanSi
sxva ubnis amomrCevels misces xmis micemis ufleba, Tumca es amomrCeveli
am ubnis saarCevno siaSi iyo registrirebuli. analogiuri faqtebis erTeuli SemTxvevebi dafiqsirda sxva saarCevno olqebSic (magaliTad, baTumis #1, #36, #51 saarCevno ubnebi).
kenWisyraSi monawileobis uflebis misaRebad saubno saarCevno komisiis wevrTa mxridan kanoniT dadgenili wesiT mowmdeboda amomrCevelTa piradobis damadasturebeli dokumentebi. gamonaklisi dafiqsirda
qobuleTis #43 da isnis #8 saarCevno ubnebSi, sadac TiTo-TiTo
amomrCevelma piradobis damadasturebeli dokumentis qseroasliT miiRo
kenWisyraSi monawileoba.

20

lists was that the citizens had not taken part in the lists updating
procedure. However, it would not be correct to discuss this issue
only by concentrating on the citizens obligation. CEC explained the
disappearance of several voters personal data from the voters lists
by saying that an improper computer program caused the loss.
Although the election administration was willing to update the voters
lists, errors were made during the process; this can be proved by the
fact that the lists updating procedure continued until 2 days prior to
the elections. Actually, the election administration was not able to
fulfill their obligation regarding voters lists in a timely manner.
In general, improper voter lists became the major problem of
the October 1 elections, which hindered citizens ability to exercise
their right to vote. A substantial number of voters could not vote in
the elections and this constituted the main reason for the citizens
dissatisfaction and the most negative aspect of the elections. For
example, in Isani PEC 6 approximately 20% of the voters who
had participated in the election were missing from the voter lists.
However, this issue was not critical for the outcome of the elections.
Precincts were equipped with all the necessary materials.
However in precincts 2 and 13 of Batumi district the voting
instructions and ballot samples were not posted.
Minor violations in election procedures were recorded
regarding the voter lists: in precinct 42 of Shuakhevi district, a
voter registered in other precinct was allowed to vote despite the
fact that he was not in the list of the mentioned precinct. Similar
violations were observed in other districts as well (for example:
precincts 1, 36 and 51 of Batumi district).
In order to exercise the right to vote, the voters ID
documentations were checked by the precinct election
commissions as defined by the law. Exceptions were the
precinct 43 of Kobuleti district and 8 of Isani district, where
one voter in each precinct was allowed to vote with a Xerox
copy of ID card.

On several occasions, the commission members were not

attentive enough; thus some ballots were lacking signatures
and commission stamps (Batumi, Kobuleti and Isani election
districts) or candidate is withdrawn sign (Isani election district).
These violations were reported in ISFED observers appeals and
explanations. However, these were minor violations and did not
affect the election results.

dafiqsirda erTeuli SemTxvevebi, rodesac komisiis wevrTa uyuradRebobis gamo biuletenebs aklda xelmowera an beWedi (baTumis,
qobuleTisa da isnis saarCevno olqebi) an Stampi kandidati moxsnilia (isnis saarCevno olqi). es darRvevebi aisaxa ISFED-is damkvirvebelTa saCivrebsa da axsna-ganmartebebSi, Tumca aseT SemTxvevebs ar
hqonia iseTi masStabi, rom amas arCevnebis Sedegebze moexdina raime
zegavlena.

POST ELECTION DAY PERIOD

arCevnebis Semdgomi periodi

Procedures of Counting
and Finalizing Election Results
Counting of votes and compilation of election results took place
in a calm and transparent atmosphere. Serious violations were
not observed regarding this issue.
Single cases of violation were related to discrepancies
between figures in the precinct election commissions protocols.
DECs rechecked such protocols and recounted ballots in cases of
necessity. For example, ballots in precincts 31 of Kobuleti district
and 8 of Tkibuli district were recounted. Imbalances between
figures were noted in protocols of precincts 8 of Tkibuli district,
where by mistake an additional 30 ballots were showed in the
protocol, and 31 of Kobuleti district where invalid ballots were
included in the overall number of ballots.
The results of precinct 28 of Shuakhevi district were
cancelled due to the fact that the number of PEC members
exceeded 9. Additionally, the PEC chair was unduly replaced by a
CEC representative, PEC members functions were mixed, and the
elections were administered by unauthorized persons. The abovementioned facts constituted a serious basis for cancellation of
Shuakhevi 28 precinct election results.
The ballots were proclaimed as invalid pursuant to the law.

xmis daTvlisa da Sejamebis procedura

xmis daTvlisa da Sedegebis Sejamebis proceduram sakmaod mSvid atmosferoSi da gamWvirvaled Caiara. am mxriv kanonmdeblobis yuradsaReb darRvevebs adgili ar hqonia.
calkeuli SemTxvevebi dakavSirebuli iyo mxolod erTeul saubno oqmebSi monacemebis SeusabamobasTan. saolqo komisiebis mier gadamowmebul
iqna aseTi saxis oqmebi da saWirobisamebr gadaTvlil iqna biuletenebic.
magaliTad, qobuleTis #31 da tyibulis #8 saarCevno ubnebis biuletenebi xelaxla iqna gadaTvlili. saubno saoqmo monacemebSi balansi
iyo darRveuli tyibulis #8 ubanze, radgan SecdomiT iyo miTvlili
30 biuleteni, xolo qobuleTis #31 saarCevno ubanze biuletenebis
saerTo raodenobas SecdomiT hqonda mimatebuli baTili biuletenebis
raodenobac.
Suaxevis saarCevno olqis #28 ubnis arCevnebis Sedegebi gauqmda,
vinaidan komisiis wevrTa raodenoba dadgenils aRemateboda, aseve
saubno komisiis Tavmjdomare kanondarRveviT Canacvlebul iqna csks
warmomadgenlis mier, moxda komisiis wevrTa funqciebis aRreva da
arauflebamosil pirTa mier arCevnebis administrireba. yovelive zemoaRniSnuli warmoadgenda seriozul safuZvels ubnis Sedegebis baTilad cnobisTvis.
zogadad, biuletenebis baTilad cnoba da saubno saoqmo monacemebSi

21

kenWisyris Sedegebis asaxva kanonis Sesabamisad ganxorcielda.

saolqo saarCevno komisiebma saubno oqmebis safuZvelze Seajames
arCevnebis Sedegebi, xolo centralurma saarCevno komisiam 2005 wlis
11oqtombers oTxi gankargulebiT (#52/2005, #53/2005, #54/2005,
#55/2005) daamtkica yvela saarCevno olqis arCevnebis Sedegebi, garda
qobuleTis saarCevno olqisa. qobuleTis saarCevno olqis Semajamebeli
oqmi gasaCivrebuli iqna konservatiuli partiis mier sasamarTloSi.
csk-s ar daumtkicebia Semajamebeli oqmi sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebamde. sasamarTlom uari Tqva sarCelis dakmayofilebaze da, amdenad, 25
oqtombris #58/2005 gankargulebiT csk-m daamtkica qobuleTis saarCevno olqis Semajamebeli oqmi.
samarTliani arCevnebisa da demokratiis saerTaSoriso sazogadoebis
damkvirvebelTa monacemebis safuZvelze, yvela saarCevno olqSi kanonis
Sesabamisad iqna dajamebuli arCevnebis Sedegebi.
gamarjvebuli kandidatebi gaxdnen:
#79 baTumijemal inaiSvili (erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba);
#81 qobuleTikoba xabazi (erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba);
#82 Suaxevielguja makaraZe (erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba);
#57 tyibulipavle kublaSvili (erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba);
#5 isanibiZina bregaZe (erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba).

saCivrebi da samarTlebrivi reagireba

saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba sakmaod pozitiur debulebebs Seicavs gasaCivrebis kuTxiT damkvirveblebis uflebebTan dakavSirebiT.
saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi gansazRvravs, rom saarCevno kanonmdeblobis darRveva SeiZleba gasaCivrdes Sesabamis saarCevno komisiaSi
an sasamarTloSi; xolo saTanado wesiT registrirebuli damkvirvebeli
organizacia kanoniT gansazRvrul SemTxvevebSi miekuTvneba uflebamosil
mosarCeleTa wres, rac, Tavis mxriv, ufro efeqturs xdis zogadad arCevnebze dakvirvebis process da iZleva dafiqsirebul darRvevebze realuri
reagirebis SesaZleblobas.
saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsis 70-e muxlis 1-eli punqtis k) qvepunqtis Tanaxmad, damkvirvebels ufleba aqvs, gancxadebiT (saCivriT) mimarTos

22

Voting results were recorded in the precinct and district protocols

in accordance with the law.
DECs compiled election results based on PECs protocols
and on October 11, 2005 the CEC certified the election
results of 4 election districts (excluding Kobuleti) by Decrees
52/2005, 53/2005, 54/2005 and 55/2005. The
Conservative Party filed a suit regarding Kobuleti election
district protocol. Thus the CEC did not certify the protocol
until the courts decision. The court turned down the claim;
subsequently CEC certified the Kobuleti district protocol on
October 25, 2005 by Decree 58/2005.
Based on the data provided by the observers of the International
Society for Fair Elections and Democracy (ISFED), the election results
were compiled and finalized according to the law.
The winner candidates are:
79 Batumi Jemal Inaishvili (United National Movement);
81 Kobuleti Koba Khabazi (United National Movement);
82 Shuakhevi Elguja Makaradze (United National Movement);
57 Tkibuli Pavle Kublashvili (United National Movement);
5 Isani Bidzina Bregadze (United National Movement).

Appeals and Legal Reaction

The Georgian legislation contains positive regulations regarding
observers authority in the appeal process.
The Election Code of Georgia determines that election
legislation violations can be appealed in a corresponding election
commission or a court. A registered observer organization
is authorized to submit an appeal; this makes the election
observation process more effective and allows for a real reaction
against the observed violations.
According to Article 70, Paragraph 1, Sub-Paragraph j) of the
Election Code, an observer has a right to address PEC chair with
an appeal concerning voting and polling procedures, through

which he/she can demand appropriate reaction to concrete

violations; Sub-Paragraph l) of the same paragraph allows an
observer to submit an appeal regarding PEC activities to a higher
level commission or court.
ISFED observers received information regarding appeals during
trainings. They were given appeal forms prepared beforehand in
order to write appeals in case of observing violations.
On October 1, 2005 ISFED observers monitored various
violations in precincts. The majority of these concerned voting
procedures. The observers filed appeals only regarding important
violations, which were submitted to PECs and DECs.
Eleven appeals in 4 election districts and 4 explanatory
protocols were filled out. These appeals were submitted and
registered in PECs. Appeals were filed in the following districts:
Batumi district 4 appeals, Shuakhevi district 1, Kobuleti district
4 and Isani district 2.
The majority of appeals concerned the low level of
preparation of some PEC members and insufficient knowledge of
election procedures. The following appeals and incidents deserve
attention:
In precinct 21 of Batumi district, PEC chair Tea Karchilava allotted PEC members functions herself without a
casting of lots, which is a serious violation of the Election Code.
In precinct 13 of Batumi district, PEC member Giorgi
Sirabidze did not stamp the special ballot envelopes,
and this became the reason for defining approximately
60 ballots as invalid. This violation was rectified after
notification.
In precinct 54 of Batumi district, an ISFED observer reported
that an additional voter list of 129 voters was brought to the
precinct; however making any corrections in the voter lists on
Election Day is not allowed by the law.

saubno saarCevno komisiis Tavmjdomares xmis micemisa da kenWisyris procedurebTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebze da, konkretuli darRvevis dafiqsirebis SemTxvevaSi, moiTxovos reagireba. imave punqtis m) qvepunqtis Tanaxmad,
damkvirvebels aseve aqvs ufleba, gaasaCivros saubno saarCevno komisiis
qmedeba zemdgom komisiaSi an sasamarTloSi.
ISFED-is damkvirveblebi treningebis ganmavlobaSi gaecnen saCivrebis
Sedgenis wesebs. damkvirveblebs gadaecaT winaswar gamzadebuli saCivris
formebi, romlebic kanonmdeblobis darRvevebis dafiqsirebis SemTxvevaSi
unda SeevsoT.
2005 wlis 1 oqtombers ISFED-is damkvirveblebma saarCevno ubnebze
sxvadasxva saxis darRvevebi daafiqsires. maTi umravlesoba kenWisyris procedurebs exeboda. damkvirvebelTa mier mxolod yuradsaReb darRvevebze
daiwera saCivrebi, romlebic, kanonis Tanaxmad, wardgenili unda yofiliyo
Sesabamis saubno da saolqo saarCevno komisiebSi.
oTx saarCevno olqSi sul daiwera 11 saCivari, romlebic, Sesabamisad,
wardgenili da registrirebuli iqna saubno saarCevno komisiaSi. garda
amisa Sedga 4 axsna-ganmartebiTi oqmi. saCivari daiwera: baTumis saarCevno
olqSi4 saCivari, Suaxevis saarCevno olqSi1, qobuleTis saarCevno
olqSi4, isnis saarCevno olqSi2.
darRvevebi ZiriTadad gamowveuli iyo zogierTi saubno saarCevno
komisiis wevrTa momzadebis dabali doniT da saarCevno procedurebis
arcodniT. aRsaniSnavia ramdenime incidenti da aseve zogierTi darRveva,
romlebzec daiwera saCivari damkvirvebvelTa mier:
_ baTumis #21 saarCevno ubanze, saarCevno komisiis Tavmjdomaris, Tea
qarCilavas mier TviTneburad iqna gadanawilebuli komisiis wevrebis
funqciebi, riTac uxeSad iqna darRveuli saarCevno kanonmdebloba.
_ baTumis #13 saarCevno ubanze komisiis wevris, giorgi sirabiZis mier ar
xdeboda specialur konvertze beWdis dasma, ramac daaxloebiT 60-mde
biuletenis gabaTileba gamoiwvia; miTiTebis Semdeg aRniSnuli darRveva
gamosworebul iqna.
_ baTumis #54 saarCevno ubanze, dilis 7:00 saaTze Cveni damkvirveblis
mier dafiqsirebuli iqna damatebiTi amomrCevelTa siebis mitanis faqti;
siaSi damatebiT Setanili iqna 129 amomrCeveli, Tumca, kanonis Tanaxmad,

23

siebSi Sesworebebis Setana arCevnebis dRes ar SeiZleboda.

_ qobuleTis #36 saarCevno ubanze adgili hqonda saarCevno administraciaze zemoqmedebis faqtebs, kerZod, deputati beJan gunava midioda da
Seuracxyofas ayenebda saubno komisiis wevrebs.
_ Suaxevis #42 saarCevno ubanSi soflis gamgebeli aleqsandre SaraSiZe,
uxeSad Caeria ra saarCevno komisiis muSaobaSi, konfliqtSi Sevida saarCevno komisiis wevrTanamiran WaRaliZesTan da fizikuri Seuracxyofa
miayena mas.
_ isnis #15 saarCevno ubanze komisiis wevri ar usvamda registraciidan
moxsnili kandidatis gaswvriv Stamps ,,arCevnebidan moxsnilia,~ ramac
gamoiwvia gaugebroba da amomrCevelTa araswori informireba.
damkvirveblebis mier Setanili saCivrebi ganxilul iqna saolqo saarCevno
komisiebis mier. saarCevno komisiebis azriT, gamomdinare iqidan, rom aRniSnul
darRvevebs ar SeeZloT zegavlena moexdinaT arCevnebis Sedegebze, saCivrebis
dakmayofilebaze uari iTqva da isini cnobad iqna miRebuli.

daskvna
samarTliani arCevnebisa da demokratiis saerTaSoriso sazogadoebis (ISFED)
saarCevno monitoringis Sedegebi srul safuZvels iZleva ganvacxadoT, rom
2005 wlis 1 oqtombris arCevnebi, mcireodeni xarvezebis miuxedavad, samarTlianad Catarda da arCevnebis oficialur SeadegebSi realurad aisaxa
amomrCevlebis mier gamoxatuli neba.
saarCevno administraciam gamoavlina mzadyofna, uzrunveleyo saarCevno
procedurebis kanonis Sesabamisad da gamWvirvaled Sesruleba.
amomrCevelTa siebTan dakavSirebulma problemebma dagvanaxa, rom saarCevno procesis gasaumjobeseblad jer kidev mniSvnelovani samuSaoa Casatarebeli.

rekomendaciebi
ganxorcieldes saqarTvelos erTiani saarCevno kodeqsis kompleqsuri
cvlilebebi da srulyofa; aseve, ganxilul iqnes saarCevno procedurebTan dakavSirebuli sruli sakanonmdeblo baza;
saarCevno kanonmdeblobis cvlilebisas gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda

24

In precinct 36 of Kobuleti district, the election administration was intimidated; particularly, MP Bezhan Gunava reportedly insulted PEC members.
In precinct 42 of Shuakhevi district, the village Gamgebeli
Aleksandre Sharashidze interrupted PEC commission work,
which became the reason for a conflict with PEC member
Amiran Chaghalidze and a physical confrontation.
In precinct 15 of Isani district, a PEC member did not
put the candidate is withdrawn sign across the candidates
name that caused misunderstanding and misinformation
for voters.
DECs examined appeals submitted by the observers. Due to
the consideration that the reported violations could not affect the
election results, the appeals were not accepted, but they were
discussed and considered as statements.

CONCLUSION
ISFEDs election monitoring results allow us to state that despite
some minor violations, the October 1, 2005 elections were
conducted fairly and the official results actually represent the
will of the voters.
The election administration demonstrated its readiness
to ensure that the election procedures were performed in a
transparent manner and in accordance with the law.
Due to the problems related to the voter lists, the October 1
elections showed that there is a lot to be done to improve the
election process.

RECOMMENDATIONS
Comprehensive amendments should be introduced into the Unified Election Code of Georgia to ensure its improvement; additionally, other legislation regulating the process should be examined;
A special emphasis in UEC amendments should be put on

the section that deals with voter lists. The work on the improvement of current voter lists should be completed well in
advance of the upcoming local elections and a daily update
should be ensured; officials specifically responsible for the
voter lists update should be defined;
Increasing the qualification and professionalism of the election
administration should become an area of constant attention;
The rules and procedures of conducting pre-election campaign and agitation should be defined in detail;
Transparency of election funds and budget expenses during
the elections should be ensured;
The funding of election campaigns should be regulated according to the Strasbourg document signed by the political
parties in July 2005;
Voter education and information work should be carried out
to increase the level of election culture;
The Parliament of Georgia should examine the possibility of
regulating primary elections by Georgian legislation.

gamaxvildes amomrCevelTa siebze. amomrCevelTa erTiani siebis srulyofaze muSaoba dasruldes momavali adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis
arCevnebamde sakmarisad adre da ganxorcieldes maTi yoveldRiuri ganaxleba da dazusteba. konkretulad ganisazRvros amomrCevelTa siebsa
da monacemTa bazaze pasuxismgebeli pirebi;
saarCevno administraciis kvalifikacia da profesionalizmis amaRleba
gaxdes mudmivi zrunvis sagani;
detalurad gaiweros da dazustdes winasaarCevno kampaniisa da agitaciis wesebi da procedurebi;
uzrunvelyofil iqnes saarCevno fondisa da saarCevno periodSi sabiujeto saxsrebis xarjvis gamWvirvaloba;
saarCevno kampaniis regulireba ganxorcieldes politikuri partiebis mier 2005 wlis ivlisSi xelmowerili strasburgis SeTanxmebis
safuZvelze;
saarCevno kulturis asamaRleblad ganxorcieldes amomrCevelTa informirebisa da ganaTlebisken mimarTuli samuSaoebi;
saqarTvelos parlamentma ganixilos winaswari arCevnebis (praimeris)
saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT regulirebis SesaZlebloba.

Statement about the Pre-election

period for October 1st Elections

gancxadeba 1 oqtombris xelaxeli da

Sualeduri saparlamento arCevnebis
winasaarCevno periodis Sesaxeb

On Saturday October 1st, 2005, by-and re-run elections will be

held in Batumi, Kobuleti, Shuakhevi, Tkibuli and Isani election
districts. International Society for Fair Elections and Democracy
(ISFED) has mobilized 230 observers who will observe the
elections in all polling stations of the above-mentioned 5
districts. ISFED will also have observers in district election
commissions and a mobile observer team in each district.
ISFED observed the following problems in the pre-election period.
The October 1st elections are administered by new election

2005 wlis 1 oqtombers, SabaTs, saqarTveloSi tardeba xelaxali da Sualeduri saparlamento arCevnebi baTumis, qobuleTis, Suaxevis, tyibulisa da
isnis saarCevno olqebSi. samarTliani arCevnebisa da demokratiis saerTaSoriso sazogadoebam (ISFED) mobilizeba gaukeTa 230 damkvirvebels romlebic daakvirdebian arCevnebs xuTive saarCevno olqis yvela saarCevno ubanze.
garda amisa, ISFED-s eyoleba damkvirveblebi saolqo saarCevno komisiebSi da
damkvirvebelTa mobiluri jgufebi yvela zemoCamoTvlil olqSi.
ISFED warmogidgenT winasaarCevno periodis monitoringis Sedegebs.
2005 wlis 1 oqtombris arCevnebis administrirebas saarCevno kodeqsSi

25

Sesuli cvlilebebis Sesabamisad axorcieleben axladdakompleqtebuli

saarCevno komisiebi. 2005 wels saarCevno kodeqsis cvlilebis umTavresi mizani iyo saqarTvelos saarCevno administraciis reformireba da
profesionalizmis gazrda. aRsaniSnavia, rom saarCevno kodeqsis cvlilebebis miuxedavad, saarCevno komisiebis serTificireba am etapze jer
ar Catarebula da igi momavalSi ganxorcieldeba.
zogadad, aRsaniSnavia, saarCevno komisiebis mondomeba da Zalisxmeva
arCevnebis ukeT administritrebis mizniT. ganxorcielda axladdakompleqtebuli saolqo da saubno saarCevno komisiebis swavleba da Catarda treningebi, Tumca zogierTi ubnis saarCevno komisiebSi mainc
aRiniSna calkeuli xarvezebi winasarCevno procedurebis ganxorcielebisas. magaliTad: samuSao saaTebSi saarCevno ubnis daxurvis faqtebi,
saregistracio Jurnalis arwarmoeba, gadasatani yuTis moTxovnis vadebis ucodinroba da a. S. garda amisa, ukve dakompleqtebul saubno
saarCevno komisiebSi politikuri partiebis mxridan Seicvalnen komisiis
wevrebi. TavisTavad eWvs iwvevs komisiis aseTi wevris kompetenturoba
da muSaobis xarisxi.
saarCevno administraciis reformirebisa da saubno da saolqo komisiebSi wevrebis raodenobis Semcirebisas, saqarTvelos parlaments ar
Seumcirebia da ar gaumartivebia komisiis wevrTa funqciebi. zemoxsenebuli problemis mosagvareblad saqarTvelos parlamentma saarCevno
kodeqsis 52-e muxlSi Seitana cvlilebebi, romliTac damkvirveblebs
misca SesaZleblobaarCevnebis dRes ganexorcielebinaT saubno komisiis wevrTa funqciebi. samwuxaroa, rom am cvlilebebiT saqarTvelos
parlamentma ar gaiTvaliswina interesTa konfliqtis umniSvnelovanesi
principi, romelic SeiZleba samomavlod iqces diskusiis Temad da garkveulwilad gamoiwvios sadamkvirveblo institutis, gansakuTrebiT ki
adgilobrivi, arapartiuli damkvirveblebis, diskreditacia.
sainteresoa is faqti, rom saqarTvelos parlamentma ar Secvala saarCevno kodeqsis 70-e muxli, romelic mkacrad ukrZalavs damkvirveblebs
saarCevno komisiebis muSaobaSi Carevas. amrigad, saarCevno kodeqsis ori
muxli ewinaaRmdegeba erTmaneTs.
saarCevno kodeqsze dayrdnobiT, zemoxsenebuli cvlilebis safuZvelze,

26

commissions according to the amended Election Code. The

aim of the April 2005 Election Code changes was to reform
election administration of Georgia and increase its professionalism. However, despite the amendments envisioned by
the Election Code, election commissions certification has not
taken place yet and will be done in the future.
In general, election commissions desire and effort to better
administer the elections should be noted. The newly staffed
district (DEC) and precinct (PEC) election commissions were
trained by Central Election Commission. However, some minor violations were reported in implementing the pre-election
period procedure by and PECs. For example, some PECs were
closed during working hours, there were no entries in logbooks, and some commission members did not know deadline for enlisting voters in the mobile box lists. Due to the
many changes of already staffed precinct commission members by political parties, the quality and the competence of
new members of the commissions remains to be seen.
When reforming the election administration and lowering the
number of members in precinct and district election commissions, Parliament of Georgia did not reduce and simplify the
number of functions commissions have to carry out.
In order to solve this problem, the Parliament of Georgia amended the Article 52 of the Election Code in a way that allows transfer of functions of election commission members to observers on
Election Day. Unfortunately, while amending the law, the Parliament of Georgia did not foresee the conflict-of-interests principle
which might arise and can undermine the principle of election
observation, especially for domestic, non-partisan observers.
However, the Parliament did not change the Article 70 of the
Election Code which strictly forbids observers to interfere in
the work of election commissions, which means that two articles of the Election Code are in direct collision.

 Based on the Election Code, CEC adopted decree 5, which

allowed the transfer of specified functions to observers as it
feared that precinct election commissions will not be able to
carry out all the voting procedures on Election Day.

csk-m gamosca me-5 dadgenileba, romelic uflebas aZlevs damkvirveblebs SeiTavson saarCevno komisiis wevrTa garkveuli funqciebi, radganac arsebobs saSiSroeba, rom arCevnebis dRes saarCevno komisiebma ver
ganaxorcielon kenWisyris yvela savaldebulo procedura.

ISFED observers will not take part in the work of election

commissions.
The updating of voter lists had a great importance in the
pre-election period, as Central Election Commission decided
that registration of voters on Election Day is forbidden. Voter
list updating turned out to be one of the most important
issues of the pre-election period. The main goal of Central
Election Commission was to update the list of voters in these
five districts. Due to the large amount of mistakes in the lists,
CEC extended the deadline for this procedure from September 8-13. Despite the fact that election commissions desired
to provide accurate voter lists, unfortunately, some problems
concerning this issue still remain. Although the process of the
lists correction continued during the last days prior the elections, a number of problems with voters lists are expected on
the Election Day.
Voter lists issue created a non-constructive situation and
severed relations between election administration and opposition
parties. For example, in Kobuleti election district, complaints
of opposition parties members towards election commissions
turned into verbal insults.
During the pre-election period, primary elections were held
by opposition parties in order to elect unified candidates for
October 1, 2005 elections. This kind of elections were held for
the first time in Georgia and a number of procedural violations were reported. However, the aim of the Primary elections was reached and unified candidates from four election
districts were elected.

vacxadebT, rom ISFED-is damkvirveblebi ar miiReben monawileobas

saarCevno komisiis muSaobaSi da ar SeiTavseben komisiis wevrTa
funqciebs.
amomrCevelTa siebis gadamowmebas da dazustebas udidesi mniSvneloba
hqonda winasaarCevno periodSi, ramdenadac 1 oqtombris arCevnebis
dRes aRar ganxorcieldeba amomrCevelTa registracia. Sesabamisad,
amomrCevelTa siebis mowesrigeba winasaarCevno periodis erT-erT umniSvnelovanes sakiTxad iqca. centralurma saarCevno komisiam prioritetad daisaxa 1 oqtombers Casatarebeli arCevnebis 5 olqis amomrCevelTa siebis mowesrigeba. siebSi arsebul uzustobaTa simravlis gamo
csk-m siebis Casworebis vadebi 8-dan 13 seqtembramde gaaxangrZliva. imis
miuxedavad, rom saarCevno komisiebma gamoavlines nebauzrunveleyoT
amomrCevelTa siebis gamarTuloba, samwuxarod, amomrCevelTa siebSi
jer kidev arsebobs sxvadasxva saxis xarvezebi. iqidan gamomdinare, rom
arCevnebamde sul ramdenime dRiT adre kidev mimdinareobda siebSi
arsebul SecdomaTa gasworeba, arCevnebis dRes SesaZlebelia adgili
hqondes amomrCevelTa siebTan dakavSirebul garkveul problemebs.
amomrCevelTa siebis sakiTxma arakonstruqciuli viTareba Seqmna da
gaamwvava urTierToba saarCevno administraciasa da opoziciur politikur
ZalTa Soris. magaliTad: qobuleTis saarCevno olqSi saarCevno komisiebis
mimarT saqarTvelos parlamentis opoziciuri wevrebis mier gamoTqmuli
pretenziebi maTi mxridan sityvier SeuracxyofaSi gadaizarda.
winasaarCevno periodSi opoziciurma partiebma Caatares praimeris arCevnebi 1 oqtombris arCevnebisTvis saerTo kandidatis gamosavlenad.
saqarTveloSi es iyo am tipis arCevnebis Catarebis pirveli precedenti,
rac TavisTavad garkveul xarvezebsac Seicavda. amis miuxedavad, praimeris arCevnebiT miRweul iqna mizani da gamovlinda opoziciur partiaTa
erToblivi kandidatebi oTx saarCevno olqSi.

27

 saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsis Tanaxmad dasaSvebia sxva saarCevno

kandidatebis sawinaaRmdegod kampaniis warmoeba. samwuxarod, zogierTi
kandidatis winasaarCevno kampania sakuTari programisa da gegmebis nacvlad xSirad mimarTuli iyo oponentis sawinaaRmdegod da ZiriTadad
efuZneboda dausabuTebel argumentebs. aman SesaZloa amomrCevelTa
imedgacrueba da arCevnebis dRes maTi dabali aqtivoba gamoiwvios.
centralurma saarCevno komisiam sakmaod mniSvnelovani samuSaoebi
Caatara amomrCevelTa informirebis kuTxiT. sazogadoebrivma mauwyeblobam Tanabrad gamoyo dro kandidatebis winasaarCevno kampaniisaTvis.
ISFED-s ar daufiqsirebia darRvevebi media kampaniis mimdinareobisas.
arCevnebis administrirebisas arsebuli zemoxsenebuli problemebi mniSvnelovani da yuradsaRebia, Tumca ar aris sagangaSo. ISFED mouwodebs
saarCevno uflebis mqone saqarTvelos moqalaqeebsmonawileoba miiRon
arCevnebSi da xma miscen im kandidats, romelic yvelaze ukeT warmoaCens
maT interess saqarTvelos parlamentSi.
ISFED kidev erTxel gaxsenebT, rom kenWisyra tardeba dilis 8-dan saRamos 8 saaTamde. saarCevno ubanze xmis misacemad amomrCevelma Tan unda
iqonios Semdegi dokumentebidan erT-erTi:
saqarTvelos moqalaqis piradobis mowmoba;
saqarTvelos moqalaqis pasporti (e.w. sazRvargareTis pasporti);
ssr kavSiris simbolikiani pasporti, Tu masSi aRniSnulia registraciis
adgili;
devnilis mowmoba (piradobis damadasturebel mowmobasTan erTad).
samarTliani arCevnebisa da demokratiis saerTaSoriso sazogadoebas
(ISFED) 2005 wlis 1 oqtombris arCevnebis monitoringis ganxorcielebaSi
xels uwyobs da finansurad exmareba (14 985 evro) evropis usafrTxoebisa
da TanamSromlobis organizacia (euTo).
arCevnebis dRes, sazogadoebis informirebis mizniT, ISFED gaakeTebs
gancxadebebs arCevnebis mimdinareobis Sesaxeb.

30 seqtemberi, 2005 w.

28

The Election Code provides for the campaigning against other

candidates. Unfortunately, pre-election campaigns of some
candidates were focused more on campaigning against opponents without documented arguments, rather than on actual
personal programs and plans. This might cause voter disappointment and a low voter turnout on Election Day.
CEC conducted serious voter awareness campaigns. Public
Television has allocated equal airtime for each candidates
pre-election campaign. ISFED does not have any information
about the violations in the media campaign.
The noted problems in the administration of elections in the
pre-election period were important, but of a minor nature. ISFED
invites all Georgian citizens with voting right to give their vote
to the candidate who will best represent their interests in the
Parliament of Georgia.
ISFED would like to remind all voters that voting lasts from
8 a.m. - 8 p.m. and that they should bring one of the following
documents to the precinct:
Identity card;
Foreign passport with the registration document;
USSR passport, if the place of registration is noted inside;
Refugee card along with ID card or passport.

ISFED activities for the October 1 elections are supported by

Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) in
the amount of 14 985 euros.
On Election Day, ISFED will issue press statements in order to
inform the public about the election process.
September 30th, 2005

PRELIMINARY STATEMENT
October 1, 2005, Parliamentary Re-run and By-elections

winaswari gancxadeba
1 oqtombris xelaxal da Sualedur saparlamento arCevnebze

October 2, Tbilisi. The parliamentary re-run and by-elections

of October 1, 2005 were monitored by the observers of the
International Society for Fair Elections and Democracy (ISFED) in 5
election districts of Georgia Batumi 79, Kobuleti 81, Shuakhevi
82, Tkibuli 57, and Isani 5.
On Election Day, 238 observers accredited and trained by
ISFED monitored the elections in all 223 election precincts of
all five election districts. In addition, in order to ensure timely
compilation of information, 5 ISFED mobile groups observed
the elections on the territories of all five election districts. ISFED
observersmonitored all voting and counting procedures.
We would like to thank each ISFED observer for objectively
carrying out their monitoring functions and increasing the
transparency of the electoral process. We would also like to thank
Georgian election administration and its representatives, who
earnestly executed their duties and administered the October 1,
2005 elections according to the law.
Despite some irregularities, there is a compelling reason for
stating that the October 1 parliamentary re-run and by-elections
were fair. On Election Day, the election administration showed
a will to ensure the implementation of voting procedures as
prescribed by the law.

2 oqtomberi, Tbilisi. 2005 wlis 1 oqtombris xelaxal da Sualedur

saparlamento arCevnebs samarTliani arCevnebisa da demokratiis saerTaSoriso
sazogadoeba (ISFED) saqarTvelos xuTive saarCevno olqSi#79 baTumis, #81
qobuleTis, #82 Suaxevis, #57 tyibulisa da #5 isnis saarCevno olqebSi
akvirdeboda.
arCevnebis dRes, monitorings axorcielebda ISFED-is mier akreditirebuli
da gadamzadebuli (datreningebuli) 238 damkvirvebeli, romlebic arCevnebs
akvirdebodnen xuTive saarCevno olqis 223-ive saarCevno ubanze. amasTanave, informaciis operatiulad Segrovebis mizniT, monitorings awarmoebda ISFED-is
5 mobiluri jgufi yvela saarCevno olqis teritoriaze. ISFED-is damkvirveblebi daeswrnen kenWisyrisa da xmebis daTvlis yvela proceduras.
ISFED madlobas uxdis Tavis TiToeul damkvirvebels monitoringis
obieqturad ganxorcielebisa da saarCevno procesebis gamWvirvalobis xelSewyobisTvis. aseve, madlobas vuxdiT saqarTvelos saarCevno administracias da mis im warmomadgenlebs, romlebmac keTilsindisierad Seasrules
dakisrebuli movaleoba da kanonis Sesabamisad ganaxorcieles 2005 wlis 1
oqtombris arCevnebis administrireba.
sruli safuZveli arsebobs iTqvas, rom 1 oqtombris xelaxali da
Sualeduri saparlamento arCevnebi, miuxedavad garkveuli xarvezebisa,
samarTlianad Catarda. arCevnebis dRes saarCevno administraciam gamoavlina neba_uzrunveleyo saarCevno procedurebis kanonis Sesabamisad Sesruleba.

Nevertheless, we would like to point out irregularities that

accompanied the administration of October 1 elections:

Tumca, gvinda yuradReba gavamaxviloT im xarvezebze,

romlebic 1 oqtombris arCevnebis administrirebas Tan axlda:

Voter lists
Although the accuracy of voter lists was one of the pre-election
period priorities, and some work was undertaken to improve

amomrCevelTa siebi
imis miuxedavad, rom amomrCevelTa siebis gamarTuloba winasaarCevno
periodis erT-erT umniSvnelovanes prioritetad iqca da Catarda

29

kidec garkveuli samuSaoebi siebis dasazusteblad, unda aRiniSnos, rom

amomrCevelTa siebi 1 oqtombris arCevnebis mTavari problema iyo.
amomrCevelTa siebTan dakavSirebuli problemebi ramdenime nawilad
SeiZleba daiyos:
aTeulobiT amomrCeveli ar iyo amomrCevelTa siebSi TiToeuli saarCevno ubnis mixedviT da Sesabamisad, maT ver ganaxorcieles konstituciiT miniWebuli xmis micemis ufleba;
amomrCevelTa siebSi garkveul ubnebze SecdomiT iyvnen Seyvanili sxva
ubnis amomrCevlebi;
aRiniSna erTidaigive amomrCevlis saubno saarCevno siaSi orjer dafiqsirebis faqtebi da sxvadasxva uzustobebi amomrCevelTa monacemebTan
mimarTebaSi.
siebis gaumarTaobam gamoiwvia iseTi proceduruli darRvevebis erTeuli SemTxvevebi, rogoricaa sxva ubanSi an sxva olqSi registrirebuli
amomrCevlis mier araSesabamis ubanze xmis micema.

saarCevno procedurebi
arCevnebi mTlianobaSi procedurebis dacviT mimdinareobda, saubno saarCevno komisiis wevrebi cdilobdnen SeesrulebinaT saarCevno procedurebTan
dakavSirebuli kanonis moTxovnebi, Tumca garkveul darRvevebs adgili
mainc hqonda, rac kidev erTxel adasturebs, rom sxvadasxva donis saarCevno administraciis profesionalizmis amaRleba centraluri saarCevno
komisiis erT-erT prioritetad unda iqces. aseve, mniSvnelovania, rom
xmebis daTvlisas da oqmebis Sedgenisas kvlav dafiqsirda uzustobebi, ris
gamoc ar iyo balansi daculi monacemebs Soris.
ISFED-is damkvirveblebis mier kenWisyris procedurasTan dakavSirebiT
daiwera 15 saCivari. xmebis daTvlis procedurebTan dakavSirebul saCivrebze informacia mxolod arCevnebis meore dRis 18 saaTis Semdeg gaxdeba
cnobili.

saarCevno kodeqsTan dakavSirebuli problemebi

saarCevno procedurebis SesrulebasTan dakavSirebuli xarvezebi saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsSi arsebulma problemebmac gamoiwvia. saarCevno

30

them, it must be noted that voter lists remained to be the main

problem in October 1 elections.
The problems associated with voter lists can be divided in
three categories:
Dozens of voters were absent from voter lists in various election precincts. Thus, these citizens could not exercise their
constitutional right to vote;
Voters who belonged to various election precincts were
wrongly entered in the lists of different election precincts;
Voters were registered in the lists of an election precinct
twice; other inconsistencies regarding the voters data were
also noted in the voter lists.
The inaccuracy of voter lists caused individual cases of
procedural violations, such as voting by a voter at a precinct or
district, where s/he was not registered.

Voting procedures
In general, elections were held in accordance with established
procedures. Precinct election commission members sought to
implement all election procedure requirements as provided by
the law; nevertheless some violations were still observed, which
once again points to the fact that the professional advancement
of different levels of election administration should become
one of the main priorities of the Central Election Commission. It
is also important to observe that during the vote counting and
protocol compilation, inconsistencies were noted, which resulted
in disparities in the data. ISFED observers wrote 15 appeals on
voting procedures. Information regarding appeals on the counting
procedure will be known after 6 p.m. of the second day.

Problems related to the Election Code

Difficulties in the implementation of voting procedures were
also prompted by the problems related to the Election Code.

The sporadic changes to the law have created a situation

where the implementation of various voting procedures is
impossible; also, there are mutually exclusive definitions, as well
as ambiguous clauses, which allow for multiple interpretations.
Therefore, it is clear that The Unified Election Code of Georgia
requires comprehensive amendments and refinement.

Cooperation between election

commissions and observers

kanonis arakompleqsurma cvlilebebma Seqmna iseTi pirobebi, romelTa

gamoc SeuZlebelia saarCevno procedurebis ganxorcieleba; aseve arsebobs urTierTgamomricxavi ganmartebebi da bundovani punktebi, romlebic
kanonis sxvadasxvagvari interpretirebis saSualebas iZleva. zemoaRniSnulidan gamomdinare, naTelia, rom saqarTvelos erTiani saarCevno kodeqsi
saWiroebs kompleqsur cvlilebebsa da daxvewas.

saarCevno komisiebis da damkvirveblebis

TanamSromloba

The willingness of election commissions to cooperate with

independent observers is noteworthy. In the majority of cases,
election administration promptly reacted to the violations
observed by the observers and the concerns expressed by
them.
Based on the information of observers, the final voter turnout
figures are as follows: Tkibuli 63,87%, Batumi 25,15%, Shuakhevi
64,35%, Kobuleti 42,54%, Isani 21,41%.
Based on ISFED observers information and on the data of
observer forms, according to the election districts, the data of the
candidates with best results are:

aRsaniSnavia, saarCevno komisiebis mzadyofnaeTanamSromlaT damoukidebel damkvirveblebTan. umravles SemTxvevaSi, saarCevno administracia
dauyovnebliv axdenda reagirebas damkvirveblebis mier dafiqsirebul darRvevebze da gamoTqmul SeniSvnebze.
damkvirvebelTa informaciiT amomrCevelTa aqtivobis saboloo maCve
neblebia: tyibuli63,87%, baTumi25,15%, Suaxevi64,35%, qobuleTi42,54%, isani21,41%

Batumi 79
Jemal Inaishvili (United National Movement) (preliminary
results 74%)
Jumber Tavartkiladze (Georgian Conservative Party) (preliminary results 12%)

#79 baTumi
jemal inaiSvili (erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba)(winaswari monacemebiT74%)
jumber TavarTqilaZe (saqarTvelos konservatiuli partia)(winaswari monacemebiT12%)

Kobuleti 81
Koba Khabazi (United National Movement) (preliminary results
69%)
Jimsher Jincharadze (Georgian Conservative Party) (preliminary
results 29%)

#81 qobuleTi
koba xabazi (erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba)(winaswari monacemebiT69%)
jimSer jinWaraZe (saqarTvelos konservatiuli partia _ (winaswari monacemebiT29%)

ISFED-is damkvirveblebis mier mowodebuli informaciisa da sadamkvirveblo formebis monacemebis Sesabamisad, saarCevno olqebis mixedviT, saukeTeso Sedegis mqone kandidatebis monacemebia:

31

#82 Suaxevi
elguja makaraZe (`erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba~)(winaswari monacemebiT67%)
edvard niJaraZe(memarjvene opoziciamrewvelebi, axlebi) (winaswari
monacemebiT26%)

Shuakhevi 82
Elguja Makaradze (United National Movement) - (preliminary
results 67%)
Edvard Nizharadze (Right Opposition-Industrialists)
(preliminary results 26%)

#57 tyibuli
pavle kublaSvili (~erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba~)(winaswari monacemebiT80%)
nino qvariani (memarjvene opoziciamrewvelebi, axlebi) _ (winaswari
monacemebiT17%)

Tkibuli 57
Pavle Kublashvili (United National Movement) (preliminary
results 80%)
Nino Kvariani (Right Opposition-Industrialists) (preliminary
results 17%)

#5 isani
biZina bregaZe (`erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba~) _ (winaswari monacemebiT53%)
giorgi mosiZe (memarjvene opoziciamrewvelebi, axlebi) _ (winaswari
monacemebiT35%)

Isani 5
Bidzina Bregadze (United National Movement) (preliminary
results 53%)
Giorgi Mosidze (Right Opposition-Industrialists) - (preliminary
results 35%)

ISFED daakvirdeba gasaCivrebisa da arCevnebis saboloo Sedegebis Sejamebis proceduras da 1 oqtombris arCevnebis Sesaxeb saboloo angariSs
uaxloes momavalSi miawvdis sazogadoebas.
samarTliani arCevnebisa da demokratiis saerTaSoriso sazogadoeba madlobas uxdis arCevnebSi monawile saqarTvelos moqalaqeebs aqtiurobisa
da maRali saarCevno kulturis gamovlenisaTvis.

ISFED will monitor the appeal process, as well as the

compilation of final election results. ISFED will present its final
report on October 1 elections to the public in the nearest future.
International Society for Fair Elections and Democracy (ISFED)
would like to thank the Georgian citizens who participated in the
elections for their activeness and demonstrated election culture.

rekomendaciebi:
dasruldes muSaoba amomrCevelTa erTiani siebis srulyofaze da ganxorcieldes maTi mudmivi ganaxleba da dazusteba;
ganxorcieldes saqarTvelos erTiani saarCevno kodeqsis kompleqsuri
cvlilebebi da srulyofa;
saarCevno administraciis kvalifikacia da profesionalizmis amaRleba
gaxdes mudmivi zrunvis sagani.

Recommendations:
Work on the improvement of voter lists should be completed and
it must be ensured, that the lists are updated on a regular basis;
Comprehensive amendments should be introduced to the
Unified Election Code of Georgia to ensure its perfection;
Increasing the qualifications and professionalism of election
administration should become a constant area of attention.

2 oqtomberi, 2005
13:00 saaTi

October 2, 2005
1 p.m.

32