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PORTRAITS
SOME
NOTES
PORTRAITS
SCOTLAND
BY
LONDON
YORK
STREET,
OF
CELEBRATED
GEORGE
COVENT
ENGLAND
IRELAND
AND
B.
HENRY
THE
OF
CHARACTERS
PAINTED
ON
WHEATLEY,
BELL
GARDEN,
F.S.A.
AND
SONS
MDCCCXCVII
"-T,
X-
-3
\,l:l
CHISWICK
PKESS
TOOKS
COURT,
:-
CHARLES
CHANCERY
WHITTINCHAM
LANK,
AND
LONDON.
CO.
PREFACE.
well
is
It
pi6lures,
known
spread
of
mansions
the
great
of
has
portraits
been
the
induce
the
drawn
has
the
published
by
Lord
Chancellor
colle6l
to
so
that
in
the
of
their
To
portraits
the
and
owners
the
of
Derby
of
interest
was
the
and
Lord
of
houses
great
5th
we
in
Derby
of
ventory
in-
an
been
and
indebted
the
man
Englishbut
Portraits,
of
hobby
be
to
the
as
national
National
suggested
Mr.
has
are
country
Portraits.
the
about
Portrait
first
this
in
as
chiefly
to
and
making
the
celebrities
the
made
which
Stanhope
National
founder
for
National
man
not
Earl
are
of
the
by
National
was
of
great
and
printers.
gallery
that
followed
few
form
Clarendon
a
engravings
portraits
system,
Queen
painted
treasures,
the
uniform
on
of
up
the
being
now
their
Dire6lor
catalogue
the
historical
of
of
compiled.
is
attempt
that
portraits
and
by
family
and
general
us
fine
of
the
in
them,
been
catalogue
to
Cust,
Gallery,
to
from
possessors
country
Lionel
known
have
organized
rich
compiled,
made
which
in
gentry,
No
past.
been
chiefly
are
catalogues
An
the
ever
have
that
of
and
specially
are
full
is
country
nobility
the
men
these
the
about
colle6lions
these
England
that
his,
found
ancestors
chara6lers.
the
for
Lord
Portrait
grand
Earl
14th
the
revival
Stanhope
Gallery,
Exhibitions
PREFACE
VI
of
Portraits
and
1867.
Kensington,
in its
home
new
the
has
been
and
more
visited
Portrait
this
subje6l,
collection
fine
realized
more
who
those
by
it.
gallerieshave
As
centres.
local colle6lions
the
of
one
revival, due
established
been
and
Dublin,
and
various
effe"5l of such
Gallery
in the
interest
revived
educational
and
have
has
1865, 1866,
in
Portrait
the National
re-opening of
The
in
South
at
praise
chief
should
at
burgh
Edinin
formed
instruments
be
given
to
Thomas
Carlyle.
In spite of all this no
portraitsof the country
the
present
this
vast
work
field,as
to
only
indicate
been
has
the
painted
published, and
to
been
cultivate
first attempt
to
distin"5l from articles and
papers
is the
in transa6lions, but
I have
handbook
in the
able
the
riches
for
them.
to
that
at
space
scratch
are
to
my
the
be
disposal,
surface, and
found
by
those
to
seek
us.
am
greatly indebted
to
many
friends
who
PREFACE
kindly
have
the
assisted
thanks
due
are
Lionel
Mr.
and
of
who
the
allowed
authorities
their
portraits
have
who
galleries
the
the
are
fine
under
also
due
allowed
the
for
engraved
be
to
leian,
Bod-
club
that
kindly
to
J.
of
see
thanks
best
the
member
to
at
Mr.
to
of
me
bridge,
Cam-
Sayle,
Librarian
a
J.
colle6lion
Charles
Mr.
Knight,
My
of
the
in
Mr.
to
portraits,
to
able
valu-
University
much
Mr.
to
much
me
portraits,
of
so
dramatic
those
in
given
historical
Joseph
guidance.
portraits
kindly
Assistant-
Club,
Dillon,
Viscount
F.R.S.,
able
his
special
Cambridge
Mr.
to
colle6lion
to
of
Madan,
Garrick
My
done
Glaisher,
F.
published.
Lord
has
exhibition
L.
been
Registrary
who
W.
tions
exhibi-
on
Clark,
and
and
has
information
Willis
colle6lions
to
who
Cust,
of
compilers
the
to
portrait
have
which
and
me,
of
catalogues
VII
this
book.
In
conclusion
in
pages,
help
branch
to
spite
in
them
of
our
hope
of
the
National
readers
my
imperfe6lions,
study
of
large
will
to
find
be
and
of
these
some
important
History.
H.
B.
W.
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER
I.
PAGE
Introduction
CHAPTER
Spurious
H.
Misnamed
and
Portraits.
...
CHAPTER
British
HI.
Portrait-Painters
TO
from
24
IV.
Portrait-Painters
TO
from
MiLLAIS
Portrait-
V.
Painters
CHAPTER
Portrait
Exhibitions
113
VII.
Collections
126
CHAPTER
Sovereigns
loo
VI.
CHAPTER
Portrait
Hogarth
60
CHAPTER
Amateur
Holbein
HiGHMORE
CHAPTER
British
13
and
their
VIII.
Courts
135
CONTENTS
CHAPTER
IX.
PAGE
Professions:
Army
Law
Church,
and
Navy
and
189
CHAPTER
Science, Literature
and
CHAPTER
Actors
and
Index
X.
Art
213
XI.
Actresses
235
CHAPTER
Merchants
and
the
Medicine,
People
XII.
251
261
LIST
OF
PORTRAITS.
PORTRAIT.
PAINTER.
Graham
John
Viscount
HOUSE,
Unknown
Dundee
First
Clifford
Lord
Vandyck
Anthony
William
Frontispiece
of
Chudleigh
Sir
PAGE
Claver-
of
Lely
i6
Vandyck
38
Dobson
Dobson
40
....
Robert
Walter
Walker
44
....
Sir
Peter
Lely
Lely
....
Godfrey
Sir
Kneller
Kneller
.
Richardson
.
William
Thomas
Reynolds
Joshua
Gainsborough
George
Romney
....
Hoppner
John
Sir
Thomas
Bishop
54
Hogarth
.
Sir
50
......
Richardson
Jonathan
46
Lawrence
Hogarth
60
Reynolds
66
Zoffany
70
Romney
72
Hoppner
80
Lawrence
86
Mrs.
Hoadly
Hoadly
no
.
Sir
George
K.C.B.
Scharf,
W.
W.
Henry
VII
Unknown
Henry
VIH
Luke
Ouless, R.A.
Flemish
artist
146
Hornebolt
148
...
(aged
VI.
Edward
six
years)
Mary
Unknown
154
Joannes
Corvus
.
Elizabeth
F.
I.
James
Charles
158
"
Vandyck
R.
.
168
Walker
170
J. Greenhill
II
172
....
James
II
J. Riley
Mary
II
William
Anne
John
176
Wissing
George
II
T.
George
III
Allan
George
IV
Closterman
i8o
Laud
Archbishop
Tillotson
Chancellor
Worlidge
Ramsay
184
....
186
....
Fliccius
H.
.
Stone, after
Bacon
Mary
P.
Jeffreys
190
Vandyck
Beale
....
Vansomer
Chancellor
188
G.
.
....
Kneller
182
Lawrence
Archbishop
Lord
Kneller
Cranmer
Lord
178
...
George
Archbishop
156
166
Cromwell
Charles
Zucharo
Oliver
132
192
194
196
198
OF
LIST
xu
PORTRAITS
PORTRAIT.
painter.
Chancellor
Lord
Sir
Thurlow
T.
Coke
Edward
Phillips
Cornelis
.
200
Janssen
van
Ceulen
William
M.D.
Harvey,
204
....
Hunter
John
202
Unknown
after
Jackson,
L.
Nelson
Revnolds
Abbott
F.
(iEORGE
Duke
Monk,
206
.'
208
.
of
Albemarle
Lely
Duke
of
Marlborough.
Duke
of
Wellington
2X0
Kneller
210
Sir
Lsaac
Newton
Sir
Hans
Sloan
Count
.
Slaughter
The
Hon.
John
T. Phillips
212
214
218
*.
Faraday
....
Collier
220
222
....
(Chandos
Shakespeare
Vanderbank
J.
....
Michael
S.
Darwin
Charles
d'Orsay
trait)
porUnknown
.
Pieter
Milton
Alexander
Burns
Robert
P.
Coleridge
S. T.
John
\V. Hilton
Lord
Byron
T.
Wordsworth
.
Sir W.
.
230
230
Pickersgill
230
Allan
....
J.
....
Chambers,
Wren
Christopher
Lely
....
Mrs.
Siddons
of
Gresham
.
The
originalof
Vandyck,
Gallery, that
and
Lawrence
Art
Galleries
remainder
the
of
portrait
of Kneller
at
in the
234
234
236
236
240
244
in
the
248
250
252
I." and
More
Woolaston
.
Claverhouse
Bodleian
Stuart
Gainsborough
is in
Mrs.
that
of
256
privatecolle^ion
Siddons
Gallery,Oxford,
Royal Academy,
Glasgow, that of Burbage in
Natipnal Portrait Gallery.
-the
242
Sir Antonio
J.
Charles
Gainsborough,
at
Rigaud
Pond
Gilbert
Britton
Thomas
232
Kemble
Thomas
232
Sir
Arthur
Philip
E. Pine
R.
Woffington
John
Francis
Garrick
Peg
Kneller
Betterton
David
232
Whistler
Burbage
Gwyn
Nell
Kneller
Burbage.
Thomas
McNeil
John
Richard
Joseph
and
Wilton
Sir
230
William
Sir
Reynolds,
S. Laurence
Carlylk
Thomas
Scheffer
Ary
....
Thackeray
M.
226
Dickens
Charles
W.
W.
Scott
Walter
Sir
Phillips
H.
224
228
Vandyke
....
224
Plaas
Nasmyth
Keats
William
Vander
are
those
those
of
Hoppner
Corporation
Gallery, and of the
Carlylein the
Dulwich
in the National
BRITISH
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
I.
CHAPTER
INTRODUCTION
"
is
It
work
the
not
that
but
want
.
face
the
itself, nay,
might
one
In
help
of
likeness
of
these
too
of
brass,
In
gradual
growth
have
the
habit
observed
man
or
have
woman,
to
the
to
brasses,
artist
for
is
down
conventional
the
any
likeness
come
on
exceptions
the
of
than
and
mostly
have
to
seem
monuments
portraiture
evolution
the
nations,
which
Carlvle's
in
this
but
ment.
treat-
general
produced
the
monument,
window.
ancient
not
which
sometimes
tracing
is
is
representation
particular
are
true
the
or
as
"
nations
windows
be
there
and
specimen
true
artist, if there
can."
never
Portraits
to
appear
statement,
this
the
glass
Still
likeness,
the
conventional
sepulchral
stained
botcher
carefully
attempted.
in
us
sense,
in
a6lual
seldom
his
and
man
natural
which
most
women,
more
old
the
is much
in
and
with
period
thus
in
Ages
and
men
of
IL
satisfied
been
pi"5lure
a6lual
the
give,
to
Middle
the
truer
Friedrich
of
History
imaginary
untrue
the
of
least
late
the
beauty
interesting
years
art
fail
cannot
we
in
of
of
of
opened
to
out
the
notice
portraiture,
the
the
among
and
discoveries
before
the
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
of the
eyes
show
The
student.
remarkable
Greece's
during
charm
added
naturalness
artistic
most
the
the
ancient
all
however,
figureswere,
it is the
and
of
portraitstatues
These
monuments
portraiturein
of
power
the
do
sculptorsas
Egyptians.
Assyrian
of the
statues
which
period
ventional,
con-
gives
their
grandeur.
the Egyptians the portraitspainted on
Among
the coverings of mummies
were
evidently in many
an
instances
to
intended
likenesses
as
of the
closed
in-
person
within.*
Professor
Flinders
Hawara
of
in
painted
faces
the
in
Fay
of the
y dm,
panels placed
from
about
were
exhibited
them
are
We
in
of
the
portraiture,but
that
once
were
unable
to
writers
are
that
no
and
no
gems
and
work
of
Mr.
Lysippus.
If
coins
been
Hilton
must
we
Apelles
have
may
mould
Price
has
very
has
not
of
some
the
we
the
praises
we
paintings
therefore
are
the
Roman
and
and
his
should
one
but
stone
far
paint
in
These
a.d.
1889, and
destroyed
that Alexander
should
one
250
of Greek
common,
says
the
Museum.
beauties
judge how
justified.
Horace
in
has
that
asserts
to
140
year
British
time
the
on
panel portraitswas
London
in the
now
read
the
he
and
mummies,
of painting these
pracflice
vogue
wooden
on
wax
in the cemetery
series of portraits
found
Petrie
of
Great
classic
ordained
portraitbut Apelles,
his
head
are
to
in brass
judge by
deplore the
fa6l
down
to
come
fine, but
the
contributed
to
criticism
"
or
the
that the
us.^
It
of the
"
Archaeologia (vol.
two
liv.,p. 363), "Notes
Egyptian Portrait Mummy
upon
coverings, or Shrouds
belonging to the First Century, A.D."
One
of these
is figured,and
it apparently exhibits a speaking
likeness
^
"
of
woman.
lib.
Epistolae,"
ii. epist
i.
INTRODUCTION
classic writers
is
convincing. We do
hold
that the highest art
is that which
the spectatorinto supposing the painted
be a reality.
durable
The
enabled
us
charafter
realize
to
sculpture. The
great period of
Sophocles, now
about
the
Antonelli
not
Greek
in
the
Museum,
where
Caesar, of
Nero
and
Roman
the
and
life-size
of
busts
the
of
statue
found
was
of
Count
Roman
Hence
numerous.
very
has
portrait
remains
remains
to
scene
presented by
The
Pope.
of the
interest
these
Lateran, which
1859,
deceives
Greek
was
is the
art
the
portraitsculptureare
great
fine
how
now
marble
and
stone
grandest of
year
to
of
not
the
Gallery at
the
British
of
and
Julius
by the
Cicero
be
Trajan, can
to-day as these
seen
men
pleasure-seeker of
really
in life.
them
appeared to those who knew
Funeral
In a singularlyinterestingpaper
on
''^
in Europe
the Hon.
Masks
J. Abercromby has
information
respefting early porgiven us much
trait
**
masks.
refers also
He
kings which
destroyed at
the masks
to
preserved
were
at
St.
of French
Denis,
but
to
the
have
contained
royal portraitstatue
We
those
owe
much
to
love
at
the
the
earliest
authentic
St. Denis.
portraitpainter who
and
admire
Folk
Lore,"
live
makes
"
vol.
vii. p. 351.
HISTORICAL
feeling of
contented
has
presentment
"
And
And
the
view
can
has
but
much
for him
this mimic
thy
sitters with
free
of thee,
in his theft
soothe
to
power
in
painters succeed
their
show
half succeeded
counterfeit
this
of
wings
Thyself removed,
of
how
done
while
Time
Many
PORTRAITS
"
catching
wonderful
left."
me
likeness
the
skill, but
they
do
and
are
merely the rivals of the
nothing more,
photographer. But the great paintergathers into
his portrait the various
moods
of the one
man,
showing him not as he looks at any particulartime,
but with all the possibilities
of the face, and with
all the
inner
has
Tennyson
"Idylls of
when
Divinely
so
and
of
frivolous
finds
in
the
the
man
mind
and
life
its best
at
even
fullest."
that
generally supposed
often
this
face,
paints him,
colour
And
that
shape
Lives
have
painterporing on
it,and
Behind
It is
form.
outward
King":
As
The
the
on
beautifully expressed
the
"
written
man
much
fancies
Nicolas
to
put
of their
the
Maes,
up
portrait painters
with
owing to the
There
sitters.
Dutch
is
tale
portrait painter
his
paintings. When
admiration
he had
Jordaens asked
what
the objefts he painted, and when
him
were
that he was
he answered
a
portraitpainter, Jordaens
I pity you
most
said,
sincerely,brother
that branch
of art,
to
artist, for being a martyr
visited
Jakob Jordaens
expressed his
to
see
**
where,
condemned
let your
to
as
number
of both
be
merit
suffer
well
as
the
the
sexes.'*
ever
so
the
great, you
are
pertinence
folly,the imignorance of so large a
whim,
INTRODUCTION
In
of this
consequence
painterwith courtly manners
trials and
make
himself
who
with
William
succeeded
The
Kent,
who
Jervas as
the
profession
well
are
This
the
was
little artistic
with
favourite
difficulties attendant
sitters
painterwho
better
his
to
the
on
illustrated
that
these
bear
can
agreeable
will
is
find
sometimes
we
case
ability,
painter at Court.
portraitpainter s
in
good
story,
like other
which, however,
not
good stories, must
A
be too
striftlyinvestigatedas to its details.
certain artist was
instru6led
to
paint a pifture of
St Francis, but a difficulty
the habit in
to
arose
as
which
be
he was
to
painted, for the saint was
connected
with three
One
orders.
day the artist
the
received
three distinguishedvisitors,first came
head
of
of the
the
other
habit
of his order
The
latter
each
orders, and
two
followed
then
Franciscans,
of
went
bed
to
and
these
of the
heads
the
painter.
his
slept on
sent
trouble,
but when
his
was
the
he
there
was
know
which
the
arose
written
There
habit
is
**
to
next
When
saint arises
he will
which
has
been
be
true.
choose."
of Holbein
anecdote
an
the
or
variously reported, and may
may
The
painter was
privatelydrawing
for
himself
of
and
into the
masterful
then
to
till he
when
Henry VHL,
had
chamber.
man,
Holbein
learned
afterwards
lord
complaint,but suppressed
lord
forced
the
impetuosity
threw
him
downstairs,
king, whom
king bade
matter.
arrived
the
lady's portrait
With
the
of
more
the
The
great
the
dire6llyto
pardon him.
ran
not
and
he
him
sought
be-
wait
ately
Immedistated
his
provocation. Henry
You
have
Of
seven
not
one
"
with
do
to
not
peasants
but
Holbein,
as
adding
with
me.
lords, but
many
Lovelace
Richard
threw
this
(**Lucasta.")
verse.
When
of truth,
want
make
can
Holbein."
story into
his
reproached
"
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
our
Holbein's
But
Onely
the
noble
of
pangs
an
Gainsborough was
outspoken, as when
there
of
was
end
no
to
lord
prodigiousworth
whole
age bring forth."
and
occasionallyvery
told
he
her
abrupt
story tells
Another
nose.
that
Siddons
Mrs.
and
pompous
who
was
**
This
Landor,
the
was
who
addressed
Walter
with
case
Savage
the
following verses
William
Fisher
the painter of his portrait,now
the
National
Portrait
Gallery, but which
originallypainted for John Kenyon.
"
Conceal
not
Time's
misdeeds, but
his mark
Retrace
Let
the
retiringhair
That
set
be
once
silverynow
was
dark
on
my
brow
to
in
was
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
Sotheby,
*'
six small
taining
catalogue as conlength figuresof Henry
whole
of
Duke
of Norfolk, Charles
Duke
Howard,
VIII., Thomas
Brandon,
in the
is described
and
Suffolk, Anne
Boleyn, Mary
Margaret,
three
pair
Tudor,
the
that
It
background."
Sir George Scharf
denied
the
The
great, and
in
however,
added,
experts
entirely
of this
ascription.
family portraits are
of
that
those
other
and
correctness
vicissitudes
be
must
Palace
well
are
known
at
\ery
time
one
traits
Walpole writes : Porthat cost
twenty, thirty,sixty guineas, and
that proudly take possession of the drawing-room,
in the next
generation to those of the
give way
new-married
couple, descending into the parlour,
father s
where
as
they are slightlymentioned
my
mother's
and
they become
pictures. When
my
the
and
to
grandmother they mount
grandfather
two
pair of stairs, and then, unless despatched
forgottenat another,
are
to
the
into
mansion
the
broker's
On
in
house
housekeeper
lumber
the
of
shop
another
garrets
in the
"
as
the
room,
or
Seven
country,
or
crowded
they perish
flutter in rags
Dials." ^
among
before
occasion
'*
"Anecdotes"
Walpole
to
(art.Jervas),ed. Wornum,
Montagu,
ii. 272.
INTRODUCTION
Bellini,Lorenzo
Lotto,
Bonvicino
Alessandro
Bronzino,
(II
Agnolo
de Ponte
Moretto), G. B. Moroni, Giacomo
(II
and
Bassano), Vandyck, Velasquez, Rembrandt
Nicolas
Maes.
the
glories of the art
Among
the
are
Pope Julius II. of Raffaelle, the Doge
Leonardo
of Holbein,
Ambassadors
himself, the
and
the
be
to
All
be
Admiral
so-called
these
Rembrandt's
Pulido
Gevartius
Cornelis
pictureswhich
are
portraitof
Pareja of Velasquez,
of Vandyck, now
posed
sup-
portraitof
the
of Giovanni
Loredano
Geest
vander
once
seen
never
can
forgotten.
That
remarkable
convicftion
This
vicissitudes.
surgeon
of
Regent
highly
of
one
the
she
passed
in
the
battle
of Waterloo.
The
in
fame
1815
to
room
valued
She
the
into humbler
taken
some
it
pensioned
it in the
faithful likenesses.
passed through
Netherlands.
was
Gallery
has
time
Bruges, who
found
Hay
pi6lure
At
that
it
that it contains
at
donor.
hands, and
Brussels
from
recover
it
to
quently
SubseGeneral
he
which
his wounds
after
purchased for
1842 from General
Hayfor;^630.
of Giorgione is spread abroad, but
It
was
so
the
our
lO
HISTORICAL
National
colle6lion
when
of
pi6luresdoes
of his work.
good example
ago,
PORTRAITS
so-called
Therefore,
example
interest
was
gallerymuch
and
the disappointment was
The
was
seen.
pi6lure is
attributed
now
this
at
the
British
do.
before
the
eyes
found
"
When
he
of
fair
the
it difficult
to
They\'e pretty
Black
Such
of old
as
In ancient
And
like
so
best's
(The
look
were
by
when
They
stepp'd from
Or
leave
to
him
bound
spellgotten.
for-
gallery
he
that
so
brows, and
copied from
expression
sweet
the
little avail
ill;
of Titian's
it,if ye will,)
see
"
the
over
balcony.
pidlureby Giorgione."
to
on
to
attempt
still;
Grecians,
mimick'd
moderns
leaning
out
Venetians,
same
what
the
Byron's
It is of
it is
showed
which
yet, these
Florence
at
it
of
followed
Venuses
many
when
about
one
faces
arts
the
get away,
arch'd
eyes,
to
speftator stood
other
pictureswere
all
was
years
Giorgione. After
exhibited
portrait was
The
it,and
acquisition,
equally great
Institution
artist could
some
added
was
felt in the
school
exquisite female
an
the
the
to
contain
not
the
to
fix
hail
Beppo.
one
upon
him
as
the
be
impossible to obtain
point,and nothingwould
Possiblythe question as to
who
the greatest of portraitpainters would
was
itself into a discussion
resolve
of the respective
claims of Titian and Velasquez. Of the former
it
said :
To the Emperor Charles
V. he stood
was
the Great, the only man
as
Apelles to Alexander
and Reynolds
worthy to paint his royal master
;
affirmed
that
to possess
a
once
reallyfine pi6lure
I would
of that great master,
willinglyruin myself."
In April,1817, Byron wrote,
To-day I have been
be
gained if we
could.
**
"
**
'*
1 1
INTRODUCTION
the
over
Manfrini
them
Amongst
Palace, famous
there
is
for
of
portrait
pi6lures.
Ariosto
by
its
Titian/ surpassingall my
of the power
anticipation
of paintingor human
expression : it is the poetf y
of portraitand the portraitof poetry.
There
was
also one
of some
learned
lady centuries old, whose
I forget,but whose
features
name
must
always be
I never
remembered.
saw
beauty, or
greater
sweetness,
mad
wisdom
or
for, because
it is the
"
it
walk
cannot
kind
to go
of its frame."
out
Of
of face
all
are
we
Velasquez Reynolds said : What
attempting to do with great labour, Velasquez did
There
is a subtle feelingin the pictures
at once.''
which
of this great master
be experienced by
must
it is not
to explain. We
all,but which
can
easy
this any day by a walk
through the National
prove
Gallery. A few years ago two magnificentpi6lures
from
the Longford Colle6lion
added
to
were
our
national
No
treasures.
one
passing through the
but must
be arrested
and
rooms
by the brilliancy
Ambassadors'*
beauty of the. **Two
by Holbein.
of the most
attra(5live pi6lures in the
It is one
whole
colle6lion,and a splendid specimen of the
is the portraitof a
In an
master.
adjoining room
somewhat
which
unprepossessing figure,
any visitor
might be excused for overlooking in a cursory view.
When
however, the eyes of the speculator
once
seen,
it exerts
to
it, and
a
continuallyreturn
growing
This
fascination
him.
is the real triumph of
over
the
know
painter; possibly we
nothing of the
Spanish admiral, and there are no brilliant colours
the
on
*'
to
canvas
in the presence
few
who
have
can
are
after remain
'
Hall.
This
is
reallya
attra6l
us,
but
of the work
of
peers,
part of
copy
and
our
from
that
very
the
we
feel that
we
portraitpainter
picturewill
ever
life.
originalportraitat Cobham
HISTORICAL
12
Much
has
been
PORTRAITS
done
in the
past
in the
way
of
treasures.
In
sirable
de**It would
be
wrote:
Way
to compile a descriptivecatalogueof painted
portraits,those especiallypreserved in the less
accessible
in England."^
A
private colleftions
proposal was
by the Index
subsequently made
index
of
Society to issue an
English painted
portraits referring to all the printed lists and
Mr.
1853
catalogues known
to
exist,but various
in the way
which
this case,
and
the
stood
in
found
were
work
to
be
difficulties
insuperable
still remains
to
be
done.^
^
First
"Notes
author
The
such
Series,iii. 233.
and Queries,"
index, and
an
catalogues
be
useful
and,
in
of this
some
Series,vii. 258.
book
still,
hopes to be able to prepare
is engaged in indexing the lists and
in his way.
showing where the
that
as
he
First
come
instances,how
they
This
pictures
have
be
may
been
have
work
changed
expedled to
hands.
exhibited,
CHAPTER
SPURIOUS
"On
investigations,
coins
pidtures
National
the
the
xl.
is the
much
be
supplied
with
in
more
"
England.'
J.
"
the
and
true
inserted
to
popular
book
by
go
be
of
mistaken
heads
known
the
erroneous
called
;
*
The
Archceologia^
Nichols,
G.
caution
or
portraits which
well
are
the
of
Some
their
forgeries
many
fabricated
many
Lodge
case
of
exercise
are
of
result
to
historical
of
and
Histor)'
are
the
as
there
engravings.
Galleries
same
Pi"5lorial
to
As
there
Houbrakcn
of
names
and
desire
portraits.
mis-named
and
necessary
we
so
PORTRAITS
perceived
be
is
if
medals,
and
will
it
that
historical
faithful
in
it
discrimination
and
MISNAMED
AND
whole
the
II.
80.
One
the
of
has
deal
to
frauds,
are
intended
and
class
his
Granger
tells
Jenny
from
the
from
same
lived
Reeks,
an
Of
the
Holbein,
which
Delawarr
to
the
without
was
of
and
South
This
is
is the
of
Roper
(Sir
Thomas
probably
More's
from
daughter
Kensington
(1866).
and
Devorgilla
the
by
the
Oxford.
drawn
Katharine
lent
re-named
In
College,
class
second
those
Balliol
apothecary's
as
(i)
authority
John
was
of
galleries
evidence.
Oxford,
at
(2) portraits
Balliol
that
number
kinds
two
Balliol
at
described
Knole,
Margaret
portraits
us
city.
and
the
historian
picture
painted
;
wife
who
blacksmith
in
insufficient
the
are
Devorgilla
being
from
or
of
the
in
exist
are
deceive
to
mistake
first
that
which
found
be
These
elsewhere.
which
by
will
with
portraits
spurious
and
difficulties
great
the
in
portrait
Aragon
by
Countess
of
Portrait
hibition
Ex-
likeness
daughter).
of
HISTORICAL
14
All
will remember
readers
descriptionof
by
up
the
Sir
altered
his
at
moustaches
The
own
and
features,"to the
and
tenants
Knight's Head,"
''
in the
de
Roger
his
of
one
PORTRAITS
as
but
Saracen's
Fleming
in
number)
named
was
James
the
which
little
apocryphal series
long galleryat Holy
ten
Coverley
expense,
**
"
Addison's
Sir
to
the
of
inn,
an
had
Roger
of
by the addition
aggravation of
the
Head."
of the
kings of Scotland
rood Palace (one hundred
painted in 1684, by
de
Witt, and
the government
to supply them
oil colours
is still in existence.
The
lent
portraitset
sign
with
Lothian
humorous
Stuart
Exhibition
his
on
contrail
in
canvas
Marquis
(1889)
of
six
U., Robert
HI.,
imaginary portraits of Robert
James I., James H., James HI., and James V.
supposed to have been painted by George Jameson.
When
Charles
I. visited
Edinburgh in 1633 he
welcomed
tion
was
by the magistrates with an exhibiof portraitsby Jameson, to whom
the king
for a whole-length portrait. According to the
sat
Black Book
of Taymouth, as quoted by Mr. Bullock
in his
Life of Jameson," 1885, p. 92, Sir Colin
Scottish Van
to
Campbell employed the
Dyck
paint sixteen portraits,and later nine more.
The
Item.
saide Coline
Campbell gave untoe
George Jameson, painter in Edinburgh, for King
and
Robert
land,
King David
Bruysses, Kings of Scotand Charles
ist King of Great
Britain, France
his Majesties Quein and for nine
and
Ireland
and
of the Queins of Scotland
their portraits,
more
"iuhilkare set up in the halles of Balloch, the sum
thrie scor
hundreth
of two
punds."
There
at Kensington Palace
was
a set of English
This was
said by
kings all painted by one hand.
from
Lord
Cornwallis's
Granger to have come
gallery at Culford in Suffolk, and to have been
"
*'
^'
"
HISTORICAL
Lexington.
in
the
Granger
that there
says
painted at
the
of his
daughters.
Junius, 1565,
is
that
and
verses,
At
it
the
Inthe"
More,
who
from
one
taken
was
bottom
tion
tradi-
portraitwas
the words
were
Hadrianus
Emblemata^'of
similar
the
was
of Sir Thomas
request
added
**
PORTRAITS
figure entitled
**
Uxorise
virtutes."
Lord
Lyttelton
lent
the
South
Kensington
Portrait Exhibition, 1866
(No. 36) a portraitof a
Sir Thomas
as
Lyttelton, K.B.,
judge, described
of the famous
author
to
treatise
**
on
who
Tenures,"
This
to be a copy
piftureis known
from
the pifture in the Inner
Pond
by Arthur
as
Temple Hall, also described
Judge Lyttelton,
but
the late Sir George Scharf
pointed out the
absurdity of the attribution, as the costume
proves
be the portrait of a man
who
lived
that it must
died
in
1481.
than
more
to
suppose
century later.
that
it
was
At
first he
portraitof
was
inclined
Sir
Edward
Charles
with
the
lent
to
the South
(No. 906) a
John Medina, containing a
Exhibition,
Sir
Winn
musical
1866
instruments,
left, which
was
Kensington
attributed
to
pi"5lure
of five persons
group
and
black servant
to
a
absurdly
Ministry."
in
It
the
really
musicians.
described
Edward,
and
Timothy.
'*
THOMAS,
LORD
CLIFFORD,
BY
SIR
P.
LELY.
SPURIOUS
AND
MISNAMED
PORTRAITS
Sir
the
aeum"
Athento
George Scharf contributed
teresting
incurious
and
(March nth, 1893) a most
article on
the misnaming of a series of
of the
portraitsof Lord Clifford of Chudleigh, one
of the Cabal
members
Ministry,which would have
been
supposed impossible if it had not been so
ledge.
clearlydescribed by an expert of such great know''
In
Albans, and
the
it is
described
so
catalogue published
was
no
late
as
the
doubt
to
reason
in
another
Lauderdale,
noticed
the
the
ascriptionas
Grammont
at
another
the
it
was
He
then
the
Treasury,
names
visiting
was
Duke
the
of
Cabal, when
of
of
went
nine
styled the
to
the
10,
historical
but
the
the
one
house
"
seat
Scharf
of
Arlington,
portrait,but
of Monmouth."
Duke
the
First
Lord
was
third
of
Clifford
of
the
sufficiently
behind,
counterpart
this time
trait
por-
Memoirs,
was
remained
more
Euston
of
member
This
Maynard."
confusing, but
found
the
Lord
"
of the
member
of
There
1888.
as
in the
national
name
are
trait
Por-
in the edition
engraved
and other places,as that of Jermyn.
In July, 1876, Sir George Scharf
Ham
House, formerly the seat of
was
he
National
was
St.
of the
counterpart
of
there
with
of
Clifford
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
there
of
there
were
them
settled, and
of
here
be
Clifford
as
that
noticed
Scharf, by
George
was
of the
naming
mis-
established.
portraitswas
It may
matter
instance
curious
most
the
so
one
National
the
of
being a counterpart
Gallery picture,and
Portrait
Lord
two
slip of
High
Lord
his
in
the
article
describes
pen,
Chancellor
Sir
he
"
was
Lord
that
It is rather curious
High Treasurer.
in the newly published catalogue of the Gallery
in
another
instance of corrected
ascription occurs
the article immediately next
that relating to
to
Clifford.
Lord
This refers to an interesting
portrait
of Cleveland, represented
by Knellerof the Duchess
the
as
of the
widow
The
in
1705.
mistress
in
idea
of
mourning
of Castlemaine,
Charles
for
ludicrous.
rather
appears
Earl
the
portraitof
viz, Rachel, Lady Russell.
as
due
to
Viscount
Ditchley
her
This
very
The
who
died
II.'s abandoned
injured husband
pifturewas
chased
purdifferent
true
woman,
ascriptionis
possesses
at
Mr.
Lionel
of
Hampden
Cust
at
informs
Windsor
the author
Castle.
that
there
is
ture
minia-
SPURIOUS
the
AND
of
Statue
MISNAMED
Addison
PORTRAITS
ere(!rled in
Westminster
Abbey, in 1809.
original,
belonging to Mr.
the
exhibited
was
that
the
in
portrait hitherto
Addison
Fountaine
(an intimate
Sir Isaac
The
the
the
at
shown
Winter
1896, and
the
867, there
the
Kit
and
went
and
is said
named
the
then
*'
in
The
Royal Academy,
Kit
the
Bristol, who
represents
*'
Lebeck."
No.
Club.
No.
is described
as
reallyrepresents
nothing to do
was
originally
It
man
ran
home
from
away
He
subsequently returned,
up
with
his old
master
an
Bristol, which
near
After
145, lent
as
his death
by
the Baroness
representing the
is attributed
painted by
Samuel
Richardson
he
the house
of
to
"Athenaeum,"
Odlober
of
Kneller.
Dutchmen,
sent
Windsor,
members
and
portraitof
hibition,
Ex-
group
Kneller.
Lady
set
as
of misnaming
cases
Cat
had
This
Stapleton road,
Club, and
Cat
Club.
have
to
is described
was
with
America.
by
1813.^
Kit
exhibited
taken
was
Mint.
picture of
was
serious
two
are
publican who
Cat
to
the
on
in
the
by Mrs. H. W. Hutton,
portraitof Christopher Catt.
apprentice
inn
of
ceeded
suc-
of the
lent
Lebeck,
an
Swift) who
which
of
Andrew
the
in connection
with
Sir
Leslie's
R.
that
be
to
of
found
catalogue it is described
portrait.
catalogue of the South Kensington
137,
the
then
was
of
House
Exhibition
in
Addison's
In
in C.
Corner,
Fountaine,
Warden
as
Holland
Library at
it
likeness
Newton
portraitis
Andrew
friend
1858, however,
supposed
reallythe
was
Poets'
^^
and
London,
the
It
really
was
not
himself
to
Stevens
thinks
in the
posses-
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
20
sion
of
*'
long
who
had
and
christened
for
the
"
Robinson
Sir Thomas
star
riband
blue
and
it Sir
aristocratic
Robert
of
Rokeby,
painted
Walpole
company
it
upon
fit it
to
which
among
he
placed it.^
this great
of endless
For
evil
of
misnaming,
confusion, the
is the
which
satisfa6lory
remedy is the adoption of a practiceof writingthe
of the subje6l on
of the pifture.
the back
name
This
pra6licehas been frequently advocated, but
to
never
generallyadopted. Evelyn wrote
Pepys
(August 1 2th, 1689), Our painters take no care to
transmit
of the persons
to posteritythe names
they
represent." Locke, writingto Collins, says :
Pray
the back of my
Lady
get Sir Godfrey to write on
Masham's
the
and
on
pi6lure Lady Masham
back of mine
he did to Mr.
This
John Locke/
be done, or else the
to
Molyneux ; it is necessary
lost in two
three
are
or
pi6luresof private persons
generations."
awful
Lord
Braybrooke, in 1851, quotes an
example in support of the same
plea. He writes :
The
of the artist and
practiceof writing the name
of the frames
the backs
represented on
person
would
probably be better observed, and I may
mention, as a proof of this precaution being necessary,
the instance
of a baronet
in our
day having
old house
inherited
full of pi6lureswhich
an
were
cause
most
**
**
'
**
"
"
all described
and
one
fa6lory terms
**
as
in laconic
Portraits
of
and
Ladies
most
and
unsatismen
Gentle-
unknown."'*
of the value
back
Horner,
late Leonard
The
of this
of the frame
advice, and
of the
"
"Notes
Southey's Life
and
and
he
portraitof
F.R.S.,
in
was
inscribed
Francis
18 12, which
Correspondence,"
Queries,"
First
sensible
on
Horner,
is
iii. 347.
Series,iii. 233.
the
now
HISTORICAL
22
Blandy
Mary
but
the French
the
of
illustrating
several
same
misnamed
that of
as
thing
has
books
who
Hackman,
been
done
in the
portraits in
Memoirs,
ordinary
perhaps
but
of
"
**
No
is
topographer
was
the
Norfolk."
Pindar
the
Grammont
of Francis
to
Pond,
the
flagrantinstance
prefixed
for
duty
published in
was
of Peter
name
sold
standard
of the
most
have
Pond,
way
was
the
Sometimes
the
same
Spy,
Ray.
Miss
editions
Horse"
largely.^In
father, do
portrait of John
the
selling,
not
substituted
are
"
as
her
Howe.
usually known
shot
murder
to
Commodore
1787,
PORTRAITS
much
is said, however,
He
extant.
resembled
to
Flamsteed
John
(1646
Martin, preserved and
1 7 19) that his friend, Tom
valued
the Astronomer
a portraitof
Royal for no
so
other
In
reason.
Flamsteed's
When
after
the
Hogarth
the
to
which
Roubiliac
he
day,
it
in the
when
great
was
On
to
the
the
entrance
portrait of
photographs
Fielding
him
for
power
of
occasion, Garrick
of
sculptor
hall.
field.
Blome-
to
sat
a6lor
the
statue
British
likeness,
represent
another
for the
paid
his
to
death, Garrick
his face.
bequeathed
stands
so
used
drew
novelist's
likeness,
changing
sat
portraitwas
this
of
consequence
"
300
Shakespeare,
guineas.
Museum,
Even
in
and
the
it
for
He
now
present
plentiful,
portraitsare
which
taken
from the supposed
common
were
never
of the portraitsof
subje6ls. It is said that some
Prince
Bismarck
and
of the Emperor
William
I.
have
been
from a made-up double.
taken
^
Smith's
are
"Nollekens,"
i. 354.
SPURIOUS
When
be
to
generally
instance.
the
that
in
of
**Life
of
letter
to
unvirtuous
pi6lure
This
of
number
British
of
the
late
1774,
Kitty
Fisher
found
was
evidence,
portrait
Reynolds
which
Crewe's
Kensington
picture "^2
los!'
there
identical
was
then
portrait
in
1867
was
(No.
was
with
in the
also
613).
really
picture
lent
s
**Mr.
This
further
Cosin the
but
of this
Reynolds
entry:
the
appeared
who
this
but
is almost
in
the
not
by
but
it
exhibited
founded
un-
the
to
the
for
ledger
for
Crewe
pretty
proof,
Munro
an
was
was
another
of
presented
re-
still, that
The
Crewe,
and
and
"
disposed
Lord
in
portrait really
Athenaeum
assertions.
Institution,
April,
"
completely
string
of
the
Taylor's
circumstantial,
very
and,
afforded
was
Reynolds,
by
portrait
and
Stranger
painted
all looked
which
property
Fisher.
tion,
Institu-
the
be
Woolls,
named
lady
British
Leslie
the
that
stated
he
Reynolds,
proof
in
printed
this
to
in
such
while
virtuous
not
was
answer
Lord
Joshua
as
Kitty
following
strong
Sir
by
following
was
the
be
to
Athenaeum,"
**
In
at
become
to
the
which
1866.
many
possible
the
said
Times,"
The
"
of
pi6lure
Reynolds,"
way.
year,
course,
from
seen
those
as
apt
quite
letter
7th,
described
moreover,
is
be
of
are
exhibition
on
Fisher,
Kitty
it
may
July
was
that
but
journal
for
there
we
23
such
are,
correspondent
number
that
as
A
to
there
registered,
incredulous,
wrote
and
sceptical,
PORTRAITS
instances
over
above,
to
more
MISNAMED
think
we
referred
too
AND
for
the
Kitty
Colle6lion.
at
South
by
CHAPTER
III.'
FROM
PORTRAIT-PAINTERS
BRITISH
HOLBEIN
TO
HIGHMORE
Genius
"
of
is
painter
the
subje(5l.
heroes
that
it is in
best.
always
not
and
is
continuing
in
the
is
and
like
though
with
pride,
which
imply
covered
the
owner's
of
In
give
and
short
flourished
Holbein
to
the
that
no
names
works
ordinary
artist
of
of
of
little
the
of
be
is
than
chapter
chief
day.
merit
note
are
Most
will
names
have
been
have
available
great
Holbein,
centuries
been
has
is
attempt
Ireland
The
be
of
found
been
and
artists
left
to
out,
included
will
have
be
have
time
it is
but
omitted.
be
to
of
hoped
Some
because
found
at
of
number
large
made
the
from
of
too
who
portrait-painters
and
by
England
here
an
that
excellent,
in
It
Johnson.
"
name
shores.
of
use
complicated
however
painted
he
affedlion
of
it."
own
those
of
laudable
excite
nor
and
always
This
pi"5lures that,
the
importance
artists
sake
it is often
more
to
his
of
remembered.
actions
is
ing
renew-
is
need
the
for
the
absent,
consequence
Scotland,
slight
any
colle"5lions.
to
following
present
portrait-painters
but
were
of
England,
the
it
our
in
man
portrait-painters
on
account
in
little
therefore
of
fidtion,
any
the
of
Every
thedistinguished
landed
this
dead.
virtue,
portraits
he
before
the
with
to
diffusing friendship,
affecflions
pride
great
with
good
in
art
transfer
Reynolds
and
the
is greatest
what
splendour
human
such
life
see
reasonable
other
are
commences
but
hopes
and
even
series
The
he
all
yet
palaces
neither
desire
rational
has
can
whom
by
and
art
and
to
the
of
obscurity
the
"
empty
presence
nor
it is in
as
and
pi"5lures,
in
lost
grieve
quickening
himself,
resemblance,
to
historical
often
employed
now
the
to
loves,
should
tenderness,
present
painting
goddesses,
which
art
is
portraits
of
But
in
exerted
chiefly
some
the
in
the
time
FROM
much
HOLBEIN
fashion
the
TO
HIGHMORE
2$
that
pi6lures
the work
of foreigners. The
were
inquiryinto the
artistic labours
of our
has been
ancestors
too
long
but at last there are
negle"5led,
signs that inquirers
are
man
arisingwho will be able to place the Englishin his proper
artist.
It is
position as an
that
strange
to
the
suppose
should
idea
these
have
abroad
gone
in this island
all
that
the
at
of the
producers
fa6l,
in
truthful
the best
the
to
MS.
we
of
under
are
and
script
manu-
Ages. We have,
manuscripts for the most
Thus
early celebrities.
portraits of our
portraitwe possess
(4866),and
The
miniaturists
Middle
the
to
go
Harleian
scribe
of the
head
of Chaucer
the
a
**
is found
Canterbury
of
debt
Tales"
gratitudeto
produced it.
Society of Antiquaries gathered
in
the
who
in
the
interestingcolle6lion of
the
early paintingsand MSS.
a
as
help towards
settlement
of this question of how
far the piftures
the
produced in England
were
produ6lion of
Englishmen. On June i ith last Mr. W. R. Lethaby
read
the Westminster
most
a
important paper on
School
in which
of Painting,"
he gave
particulars
respecting the picturespainted and the amounts
He
able to say definitely
not
paid for them.
was
that the fine portraitof Richard
1 1, in Westminster
Abbey was
painted by an
Englishman, and we
wait for further lighton
this point. If it can
must
of
summer
1896
most
**
painted portraits,but
painters,and their names
of
National
known
this
have
that
chapter
experts, has
"
made
not
omitted.
work
contains
"
the
them
In
portrait-
the
tion
compila"Di6lionary of
of excellent
large number
written
wellportrait-painters,
by
used
the
fa"5ls.
to
verify
largely
British
been
been
noble
which
"
Biography
biographies of
has
that
26
HISTORICAL
be
that this
proved
PORTRAITS
native
produ6lion,we may
satisfied with the Englishman's artistic position
rest
in the fourteenth
as
a great portrait-painter
century.
Our
obtained
earlier sovereigns appear
to have
the services
but
of the best
of them
none
was
until Charles
artists that
showed
I.,who
artistic
marked
any
the great
was
available,
were
art
taste
colle6lor
of
his time.
Jean
de
is
abuse
supposed by
have
to
some
in
England
the
**
Mabuse
was
he
a
to
that
received
residence
of
so
England
quitted
only."
*
of
these
he
one
year
the fa6l of
remarks,
has
been
the ment
encourageEngland after
ever,
spite,how-
In
visit
Mabuse's
The
disputed.
grounds
for
never
believingin it were
very substantial, and
when
it was
proved that the portraitsof three
children
at
Court, supposed to have
Hampton
the children
been
of
not
painted by him, were
Henry VII. but of Christian II., King of Denmark,
they almost entirelydisappeared.*
Hans
Holbein
(1497 1543) arrived in England
the beginning of the year
with letters of
at
1527
"
introduction
in whose
first
from
house
Erasmus
he
was
Sir Thomas
to
domiciled
for
More,
time.
of the
The
king is
in 1536, the date when
the portraitof Lady Jane
Vienna,
at
was
Seymour, now
painted, but it is
of his
until 1538 that there is direA evidence
not
trace
official
of his
being
in the service
position.
"Anecdotes,"
For
ed. Womum,
fuller notice
of this
i.
iii.
pidturesee
chapter
viii.
FROM
In
HOLBEIN
W.
Mr.
1861
of
TO
H.
HIGHMORE
Black
2^
communicated
the
to
Mr.
**
Black
the
traced
Carel
to
Antiquaries
his
origin of
Mander's
van
'*
the
Schilder
of
Lives
with
some
seen
that
of
amount
number
would
Holbein
have
"
of
(or
in 1618.
first received
at
as
incredulity,
considerable
date
Boeck
Vienna
Painters/')published at
important discovery was
This
incorreft
it
at
was
once
buted
pi6lures attri-
incorreft
to
the
as
of death,
the
change
in
Holbein
which
in
Even
date
of
National
he
noticed
first of the
Portraits
held
was
the
painter.
attributed
could
not
The
time
same
In
to
name,
he
consequence,
Holbein
in
possiblyhave
influence
was
as
South
at
of
enormous,
^
"
several
that
been
Holbein
and
his
exhibition
the
style was
Archaeologia,"xxxix.
that
man
as
portraits were
272.
which
him.
painted by
upon
been
described
not
was
hibitions
Ex-
three
siderable
con-
buted
style of the pifturesattriwere
painted after 1543.
the
1866, when
be
to
men
of
his
copied by
28
HISTORICAL
PORTRAITS
all his
the
the
at
that
was
contemporaries. The consequence
fame
of these
by
painters has been obscured
Experts
exceeding lustre of Holbein's name.
once
set
work
to
to
draw
attention
to
the
the
time
as
"
**
freezes
and
cornices."
These
part
were
of
the
corded
regularduties of a serjeant-painter.It is also reof the history
that Lyzarde painted **a table
which
he presented to Queen
of Ahasuerus,"
Elizabeth
a
as
new
Terling (or
year s gift. Levina
of the time,
miniaturist
a
Terlinck) of Bungay was
andJohannesCorvus,Gerbicus(orGerlach)Fliccius,
Stretes were
able portrait-painters.
and Guillim
"
"
xxxix.
Archaeologia,"
19.
"
be
to
"
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
30
photographed,
Holbein
The
in Windsor/*
artist
next
foremost
of Sir
and
to
fine
has
be
entitled
volume
been
published.
mentioned
was
of the
one
The
portraitpainters of the world.
More
Anthony
1 581) has so
(15 12
name
tially
essen-
"
English sound
might easily be deluded
native
of England.
a
The
however,
Anthonis
an
name,
Moro.
Moro
are
was
born
careless
that
the
into
supposing
correft
him
to
of
forms
Mor
Utrecht,
at
student
his
Antonio
or
and
be
served
as
When
he was
sent
pupil of Jan Schorel.^
young
Charles
V., and
to Spain to paint for the Emperor
he
from
to
came
England with a commission
Philip II. to paint the portrait of Queen Mary,
in the Prado
which
is now
He
Gallery at Madrid.
painted portraitsof Gresham, Sir Henry Lee, and
short a time in England that
others, but he was
so
could
he
have
not
painted all the portraitsof
It is said that
English patrons attributed to him.
Moro
received
hundred
one
pounds and a chain of
gold for his portraitof the queen.
We
Elizabeth,
to the reign of Queen
now
come
when
of
a
large number
foreign and
English
flourished.
to have
painters appear
Lucas
d'Heere
(1534
1584) having been
a
"
banished
from
Ghent
on
of his heretical
account
portraitsattributed
*
There
is
possessionof
^
"
Mr.
portraitof
the
Lionel
this
painter by
apparently
his
of Lucas
but
pupil,Moro,
he
in the
Society of Antiquaries.
Archaeologia (liv.59-80)
Works
him,
to
D'Heere,
entitled
Poet
and
"Notice
Painter
valuable
of
the
of Ghent."
to
paper
Life and
the
was
of
of
painter
Holbein,
and
his
HIGHMORE
those
of
some
is attached
name
attributed
-to
full-length
Lodge at Trinity
Master's
in the
VHI.
Henry
TO
HOLBEIN
FROM
to
College,Cambridge.
Marcus
Gheeraerts,
Protestant
was
the
outbreak
Marcus
after
in
of
took
the
refuge in England at
persecution in 1568.
Garrard) the younger
to England in 1580
Alvan
Gheeraerts
born
was
who
at
Zucharo
elder,
the
Garrard
or
(or Mark
Bruges, and came
had
quitted the
died
He
country.
1635.
Cornelius
in
Ketel
(1548
and
1573
was
of
one
portraitpainters of his
Elizabeth
to
Queen
Hatton,
and
He
back
was
worked
in
again
Federigo
the
time.
by
Zucharo,
to
most
able
remark-
Chancellor
for
eight years.
1581.
(1543
Zucchero
or
duced
intro-
was
Lord
in
land
Eng-
came
He
London
Holland
in
6)
161
"
to
of Cardinal
and
the chief
France,
he
where
Lorraine.
In
painted Queen
Court.
when
Luke,
Frans
the
son
He
was
to
founded
which
the
he
Pourbus
of Peter
considered
the
open
to
he
bequeathed
elder
Pourbus,
to
be
He
under
one
but
he
service
land,
Eng-
to
came
that
well-known
the
he
1574
Elizabeth, and
of her
persons
the
entered
"
of
many
ever,
how-
never,
ascriptionto
doubt.
returned
to
academy
After
Rome,
of St.
(1540
whom
of the
"
1580)
he
most
was
studied.
guished
distin-
He
is
portrait-paintersof his time.
supposed to have painted a portraitof Knox, and
of George Buchanan
one
by him is in the Royal
When
Society Colleftion.
the authenticity
of the
Carlylewas
ing
investigatKnox
he tried
portrait,
HISTORICAL
32
to
all the
see
he
and
PORTRAITS
examples
much
was
of Pourbus
interested
the
in
he
work
could,
portrait
of
Buchanan.
George
about
1575
painter in
him
to
to
or
of
the
cutt
being cutt
exception
in
was
sole
of
our
or
same
flourished
all
of
maner
pur-
phisiognomy
person
body in oyle cullers on
our
to
grave
in woode
or
copper
have
to
all and
pi6luers
canvas
or
the
made
proporcon
boardes
it
deputy
be
to
appears
her
was
oil, and
trai(5ls and
and
1585,
"
his
or
cause
or
who
Gower,
the
to
or
woode
in copper
same
printe
same,
otherwise,"
or
an
this order
in favour
of
being made
Milliard in respeftto portraits in small
in lymnynge only, and not
otherwise."
Nicholas
to
"
compasse
There
is, however,
evidence
no
that
patent
was
reallyexecuted.
Meres
in
his
**
"
"
"
...
"
and
See
communication
from
Sir
Frederick
Madden,
"Notes
HOLBEIN
FROM
Others
know
we
TO
HIGHMORE
little.
but
33
portraitby John
Bettes, dated
added
the National
to
1545, was
the colle6lion
of the late
1897 from
Gallery in
The
R.A.
of the painter,
name
George Richmond,
in the writing of the time, is on
a
portionof the
down
cut
at
panel which, when the pifture was
unknown
is
some
period, was
preserved, and
fastened to the back of the pi6lure. The
tion
inscripfai6l par
Bettes
:
runs
Johan
Anglois."
The
of
the
identified
portraitwas
subje6l
by the
late Sir George Scharf
that of Edmund
as
Butts,
of Sir William
third son
Butts, physicianto Henry
"
VIII.
In
the
Garrard, and
list, Marcus
above
Hieronymus
for
De
stands
for
Richard
Bye.
in the service of
was
Lyne, painterand engraver,
The name
of Richard
Stevens,
Archbishop Parker.
sculptor,painter,and medallist, might have been
added
to his list.
by Meres
We
to
come
now
the
of the
name
first
English
"
**
and
refers
Donne
Storm,"
1597
On
May
grant
his
"
The
James
I.
poem,
:
"
By
By
in
him
to
Hilliard
a
worse
5th,
giving
drawn
or
eye
is worth
history
painter made."
161 7, he
him
hand
for
received
twelve
D
from
years
an
exclusive
HISTORICAL
34
PORTRAITS
and
imprint any
right to invent, make, grave
pi6lureor pi6lures of our image or other representation
of our
person."^ By this authority Hilliard
could grant licences or seize upon
such portraits
as
not
were
duly authorized.
the Manchester
Art
Treasures
(1857)
Among
a
was
portraitof Sir Oliver Wallop by Hilliard
It is
lent by the Earl of Portsmouth.
which
was
noted
in the catalogue as
a
rare
specimen in large
miniature
of this celebrated
painter."
"
"
successful
Another
miniaturist
Oliver
Isaac
was
It is generally
1617),a pupil of Hilliard.
an
Englishman of French
supposed that he was
believe
been
him
have
to
a
origin, but some
(1556
"
and
Frenchman,
Olivier
his
written
is sometimes
name
Ollivier.
or
(flourished1590
1610) was
in oilin limning,and
a pupil of Hilliard, "skilful
and
works
perspe6lives,"and is reputed to have
painted a portraitpiece of Sir John More, and Sir
in terms
and
More
his family,described
Thomas
Lockey
Rowland
which
from
it would
Holbein,
to
"
the
be
to
appear
but
dates
group
make
to
seem
seen
of Mark
case
of Hilliard.
Garrard
the
Rymer's "Foedera,"
*'*
As
rule, the
names
The
younger,
same
and
xvii. 15.
of miniaturists
are
not
this
reign
have
be said
may
John
buted
attri-
de
Critz.
included
this
in
is a
chapter, as the subjedt of miniature
portrait-painting
of
these
but some
large one, and requires separate treatment,
miniaturists
also painted in large,and
it is impossible to leave
of Hilliard and Oliver, as they are
the names
of the greatest
out
interest in the history of portraiture in England, and
prove
that
much
native bom
not
so
triumphantly
Englishmen were
behind
in the
supposed.
art
production
of
the
country
as
is sometimes
HOLBEIN
FROM
Garrard
TO
HIGHMORE
35
was
name.
John de
patronised
"
born
was
Delft, and
at
several
was
times
proof
is no
invited
to
of his
having
of Elizabeth, Queen
of
Bohemia, the Earl of Southampton, and Sir Ralph
in the National
Portrait Gallery.
Winwood,
are
Paul
Vansomer,
to
1621) came
(about 1576
He
painted porEngland about the year 1606.
traits
of Denmark,
the Lord
of James I.,and Anne
"
of their
members
Earl
the
Castle,
buried
was
Janszoon
of
about
by
Wars,
16
twenty
of
he
Vandyck.
retired
to
Arundel,
died
in
at
him
of
Arundel
London,
and
Ceulen
van
or
Cornelis
1665) is said to
London.
He
pra6lised in
was
engaged in the service
fashionable
a
painter for
was
years,
portraitsby
(1590
18, and
He
other
many
of St. Martin-in-the-Fields.
in
born
in
that
He
8.
Keulen
van
James
161
Janssen
been
London
of
in the church
Cornelius
have
Good
Court.
dated
and
Pembroke,
Countess
and
are
of
Earl
Chamberlain,
but
his fame
On
the
Amsterdam.
"
was
overshadowed
outbreak
of the
Civil
36
HISTORICAL
Daniel
PORTRAITS
Mytens
to
over
(1590 1656) came
with
161
earlier
works
before
8.
His
are
England
from those of Vansomer.
distinguished
difficulty
He received the grant of a house in St. Martin's
Lane, and was appointedKing'sPainter to Charles
I. in 1625,but when Vandyck arrived in England,
he felthimself to be overmatched, and he begged
the king to give him leave to return
to Holland,
quently
without success.
He did,however, go back subseand died there.
Adriaen
Hanneman
who was
(1601 ? 1668 ?),
born at the Hague, was
and
assistant
of
a
pupil
Mytens,and he may have accompaniedhis master
when he came
He remained here
to this country.
for some
and
returned
the
to
Hague in 1640.
years,
His portraits
of Charles H. and the Duke
of
in
Hamilton, painted 1650,are at Windsor Castle.
He was
of Mary, Princess of
the favourite painter
of
Orange,daughterof Charles I.,and his portrait
her,dated 1660, is at St. James s Palace. Portraits
of Charles I. and Vandyck by him are at Vienna.
A likeness of William HI. when a boy,painted
in
1664, is at Hampton Court.
Sir Balthasar
Gerbier, the architeft and prosomewhat
of a painter. In 1623 he
was
jeftor,
followed Prince Charles and Buckinghamto Spain,
where he painteda portrait
of the Infanta,which
I.
he sent
Lord Ronald Gower
to
over
James
in a very charming
believes he has found this portrait
Newnham
Earl
of Denbigh's
at the
pifture
seat,
Paddox, a fine photographof which he givesin his
"Great
Historic Galleries of England." If he is
have been
correft in this ascription,
Gerbier must
a
good artist. In the Jones colleftion (South
of
KensingtonMuseum) is a miniature portrait
Charles I.,done by him en grisaille.
Robert
Peake the father of the better known
"
"
38
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
the
Second's
Museum
is inscribed
"Mr.
painter." At Petworth
pifturesby him, one of
other
there
are
two
famous
companion
son,
eight children.
George
Geldorp
1660), was
(flourished1611
to
England
apprenticed in Antwerp, and came
friend of Vana
apparently before 1623. He was
He
was
dyck and had a quarrel with Gerbier.
Cecil, 2nd Earl of Salisbury,
employed by William
to
paint portraitsof his family,and a portraitby
is in the
Earl of Totnes,
him
of George Carew,
National
Portrait Gallery. Geldorp was
severely
he is probably
criticised by his contemporaries,and
Piftures
of
the
of
known
better
as
Keeper
I. than as a portrait-painter.
Charles
love of art exhibited
The
an
by Charles I. was
noisseur
absorbing passion, and his judgment as a conequalled his desire of possession,so that
in collecting
in about
he succeeded
twenty
years
of pifturesever
of the finest galleries
one
brought
together,a coUeftion which, unfortunately,
owing to
the piftures
broken
troubles, was
political
up and
sold at much
below
their value, as might be expefted from a forced sale. Charles patronised the
and
the
Neve,
Le
of his
"
artists
of whose
fame
he
heard,
but it was
not
until
cessful
thoroughly sucemployed Vandyck that he was
in obtaining the services
of one
who
was
worthy to paint himself and his Court
Laniere
Nicholas
1 666), a musicianand
( 1 588
attached
of art, one
of a familyof musicians
amateur
for several
the royal household
to
generations.
he
"
SIR
ANTHONY
VANDYCK,
BY
HIMSELF.
FROM
HOLBEIN
TO
HIGHMORE
39
colle6led
for Charles
I.,and
pi6luresand statues
There
was
is
a
keeper of the king s miniatures.
portraitof him, painted by himself, at Oxford, but
his skill as a portrait-painter
alone scarcelyentitles
him
to
a
place in this list. His association with
Vandyck, however, deserves specialnotice. That
much
so
great painter painted his portrait,which
the
artist to
pleased the king that he induced
remain
in this country.
is alluded
Laniere
to by
in a poem
Herrick
addressed
to
Henry Lawes.
Sir
Anthony
Vandyck
to
(1599
1641) came
England in 162 1 and again in 1631, but it was
"
not
until
1632, when
of Laniere
that
Charles
he
I. had
determined
seen
to
the
attach
trait
por-
him
there a
Never
was
permanently to his person.
of
the fame
more
appropriate appointment, and
Charles
has gained immeasurably by his painter's
labours.
It seems
impossible,when looking upon
noble
features
the
of the king as
delineated
by
Vandyck, to discover the signs of those weaknesses
dissimulations
laid
and
which
are
so
persistently
The
his charge by his enemies.
to
advantage to
the royalcause
of such a painter has been immense,
the continued
and
popularity of the royalistshas
been
one
largelydue to his pencil. Vandyck was
of the world's greatest portrait-painters,
and it is a
of natural
source
pride to Englishmen that so
of his works
are
portraitsof noble Englishmen
many
and
He
Englishwomen.
placed the land of
his adoption under
a
heavy debt of gratitudewhen
he painted those who
made
the history of their
been
successful
more
day. No painter has ever
in giving an air of distindlion to all his sitters than
all as
If his subjedls were
tinguished
diswas.
Vandyck
looking in real life as they appear on
and
his canvases,
the men
of that period
women
far surpassed those of any
have
other period
must
HISTORICAL
40
in
personal
Mr.
admirable
Cook's
National
as
Gallery,compares
representative Flemish
he
writes,
the
Ruskin,
Mr.
appearance.
T.
E.
PORTRAITS
Handbook
artists.
gentle at
"
the
to
with
Vandyck
in
quoted
as
Teniers
lived/'
They
the
simple in the
could
indeed
pothouse, and
paint according to
their habitation
nobleman
boor, but wholly
a
a
or
wishful to conceive
un
anything natural or supernatural,
beyond the precin6ls of the Presence
or
the
**
tavern."
would
These
are
have
court,
hard
and
words,
one
**distin(?lion,"
Vandyck's
thought that
characteristic
quality, is sadly wanting in the
School
Dutch
generally,and distinction certainly
does include some
of those higher qualities
which
Mr.
finds wanting in Vandyck.
Ruskin
To
his best
visit
must
at
see
Vandyck
we
Windsor
houses
Castle, but
of the
Kensington
Exhibition.
also
contain
country
large number
art.
been
of
most
shown
were
Exhibitions
Portrait
Specialexhibitions
held.
The
only contains
one
Digby), although
of
there
National
his
at
and
the
at
the Stuart
of his works
Portrait
several
have
Gallery
piClures (Sir
are
South
Kenelm
by painters of
his school.
Time
and
has dealt
in many
lady,who
cases
in her
tenderlywith Vandyck*s
has
youth
mellowed
their
canvases
charms.
to
too
picturesin his studio were
raw.
hands,
Vandyck
possessed beautifullyformed
and he paid specialattention to that feature.
When
Margaret de Bourbon, daughter of Henry IV. of
him
France
the painter,she asked
sat
to
why he
attention to the painting of her
more
gave so much
WII.I.IAM
DOBSON,
BY
HIMSELF.
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
42
who
of the latter,
introduced him to the notice of
Charles I On the death of Vandyck,in 1 64 1 he was
the
and accompanied
appointedsergeant-painter,
him
I.
the
called
Oxford.
Charles
to
English
king
overwhelmed
time he was
Tintoretto. At one
with commissions,and endeavoured
to check them
the
his
sitters
half
to pay
by obliging
priceof the
a
picturebefore he began the portrait,
practice
which he is said to have been the firstto introduce.
Dobson's work has been highly
by his
appreciated
work ^
countrymen, and J. Elsum's well-known
This is what
contains epigramson his portraits.
he says of two of them :
,
"A
PORTRAIT
"
OF
Tell
With
What
K.
ChARLES
I.
BY
DOBSON.
Eptg. 79.
do descry
a Vandykish manner
like.
Nothing's more
nicelyfollowed or more
In every stroke you see the great Vandyke."
And
"
Portrait
"
of
an
old
gentleman
by
Dobson.
Epig,
147.
Edward
not
portrait
in the
portrait-painter
reign of Charles I.,who paintedLord Finch in
of Lord Fairfax
1640, and an equestrian
portrait
in 1647. He also painteda picture
of the king
seated
at
Bower
was
his trial.
of Taylorthe water-poet,
in
Oxford
the
middle of the seventeenth
at
praftised
paintedby himself,is in the
century. His portrait,
Bodleian Library,
well as two portraits
of the
as
by him.
water-poet painted
"
Epigramsupon
the
masters
HOLBEIN
FROM
The
miniaturists
beautiful
the
have
Hilliard
which
art
and
here
noticed, and
already been
43
HIGHMORE
TO
these
great
continued
who
those
artists adorned
passing notice.
Peter
Oliver
(i6oi 1660) son of Isaac
the equal of his
considered
to be almost
must
"
was
He
did
in water-colours
in the collec^Uon
several
Petitot
(1607
"
Oliver
father.
to
the
employed in copying
the principal
pi6lures
was
of
of Charles
labours
his
confine
however,
not,
production of portraits,but
John
have
Oliver
Isaac
I.
1691) has
called
been
the
born at
He
was
painting in enamel.
under
the patronage
Geneva, and came
to England
of his countryman
Sir Theodore
sician
Mayerne* phyCharles
I.
He
to
painted the portraitsof
Charles
I. and the royal family several times, and
of Vandyck's
portraits,but on the
copied some
He
execution
of the king he went
Paris.
to
was
recommended
XIV.
Louis
to
by Charles II., and
from
received
the former
king a pension and a
inventor
residence
the
he
Edict
of
in the
Louvre, but
of Nantes,
being
escaped
to
dier, assisted
Geneva.
him
at
a
His
the
revocation
zealous
of
Protestant,
brother-in-law, Bor-
by painting the
hair
and
the
Bordier
ployed
emwas
backgrounds on his enamels.
to
by the Parliament
paint a pictureof the
Battle of Naseby, which
was
presented to Fairfax.
One
of Petitot s many
children
became
a
majorgeneral in the English service.
miniaturist
of
John Hoskins
a
(died 1664) was
Treat
I.,
painted portraits of Charles
repute, who
and
lis queen,
of his Court, as Digby, Falkmany
left a son,
He
and, and others.
John Hoskins
the
II. and
who
Sir
painted James
younger,
Edmund
Berry Godfrey.
Cooper
Samuel
(1609
1672), the nephew of
"
the
elder
Hoskins,
was
the
most
famous
of minia-
HISTORICAL
44
PORTRAITS
turists, and
him
of
the epithetapplied
richly deserved
Vandyck in little." Walpole, who was
"
admirer
to
a
of
marked,
Cooper's work, very justly reIf a glasscould expand Cooper's pidiures
to the size of Vandyck
to have
s, they would
appear
been
painted for that proportion. If his portrait
of Cromwell
could
be so
enlarged,I do not know
but Vandyck
less great by the comwould
parison."
appear
great
**
The
death
Diary, May
the
of
1672, thus:
5,
famous
most
is
Cooper
limner
**
Mr.
of the
Beale's
in
registered
Samuel
Cooper,
for
world,
face,
died."
Arts
be
cannot
expelled
to
flourish
in
country
in unsettled
but even
by civil wars,
times
portraits are
required, and
during the
Commonwealth
period, several
good portraitRobert
Of these the chief was
painters flourished.
devastated
is
Pitti
the
in
now
to
wrongly attributed
bought by the Grand
from a lady who
fixed
did
not
the
demand
wish
to
of
where
Palace, Florence,
that
with
part
such
an
This
picture was
of Tuscany for ;^500
she
high price,because
it, and
thought that
Lely.
Duke
amount
would
"
in his
Travels
negotiations. Misson
Earl
this portraitand that of Thomas,
the only portraitsof Englishmen
were
"
in the
galleryof
Evelyn asserts
it is
close
tells
of
us
the
that
Ossory,
in his time
illustrious
that the
generals at Florence.
of Cromwell,
best portrait
"
Anecdotes,"
ed.
Womum,
ii. 145.
ROBERT
WALKER,
BY
HIMSELF.
FROxM
It
Goring.
lettered
**
HOLBEIN
Cromwell
Lambert,
him
sat
Elsum's
epigram on a
be quoted
may
"
to
sword
The
feet
Henrietta
of
copy
at
and
Court.
as
of whom
wrote
Design
work
is
Vandyck, now
well,
patronised by Crom-
was
favourite
"
poem
did
nature
might
she denied
To
him, for
at
the
court
Baptist."
He
also
There
coUeClion
is
fled,
to frame
Gaspars
Lely
wive,
seemed
Heaven
out
after
contrive
Adam
of the
little bed
whom
Baptist
Marriage
others
this match
her
measure
to
makes
well have
as
As
the
thus
chance
or
Eve
and
On
commences
But
Lambert,
in the
and
from
queen
became
which
And
Kneller.
admired
most
of three
Charles
to
page
He
dwarf
1690),a
as
Shepherd, his wife, was
himself, but they had nine children, five
of full height.
lived to maturity and
were
Dwarfs,"
assistant
Anne
H.
Waller
"
Fleetwood.
"
His
afterwards
of Charles
John
here
him
of the
head
Walker
absurdly
painted,
line of
July, 1648. One
portrait of Cromwell,
by
(1616
high, was
Maria.
Hampton
short
in
made
has
inches
ten
and
Ireton, and
Gibson
Richard
45
Lambert."
and
Evelyn
Walker,
HIGHMORE
engraved by Lombart,
was
others,
among
TO
Restoration,
the
and
for
worked
he
nicknamed
General
a(5led
as
Lely's
was
similarlyemployed by
a
portraitof Hobbes
by him
of the
was
"
Royal Society,which
was
presented by Aubrey.
Edward
to
whom
Mascall
Cromwell
was
painter of
He
sat.
made
some
some
merit,
of
the
there
1643.
46
HISTORICAL
PORTRAITS
of his
engraving by James Gammon
own
portraitby himself.
Lely
Peter
Sir
(1617
1680) was
essentially
the painter of the Restoration
period, although he
earlier.
He
to
came
England in
began his career
in the train of William, Prince
of Orange,
1 64 1,
married
In
who
I.
Mary, daughter of Charles
the
a
king was
1647, when
captive at Hampton
Court, he was
painted by Lely as holding a note,
just received from the hands of his son, the youthful
offers him
of York, who
Duke
a
penknife to cut
introduced
the strings. Lely was
Charles
to
by
There
is
an
"
Earl
the
Sion
at
now
Northumberland,
of
in the
House,
who
Northumberland,
of
in
received
the
of Fuller
Sir
unlike
The
former.
his
than
latter
have
It is
It has
the
! what
See
it commands
How
So
sacred
To
this
May
he
had
eyes
Anecdotes,"
my
Hampton
out
Court."
scome
show
wheele) below.
this shaded
by
proudest,
ed. Wornum,
worthy friend
Majesty and
sweet
so
adorne
of all the
their
doth
that others
contempt,
(oth*height
coppy
pidlure of his
at
face !
mightiest monarchs
That
"To
the
happy misery
did
Never
tenance
coun-
specialverses
some
their mist
the
of all his
tempests
majesty, and
glory through
And
"
clouded
of
brighter rise !
humble
! what
an
bravery doth shine.
griefstriumphant breaking through each line.
Whose
is stronger
sterner
it for
certainly
very
taken
and
manner,
"
pi6lure is
piflure. VValpole,
Dobson.
or
Peter's
the
I should
"
this
for
payment
and
Mr.
the
richest
booke
looke."
ii. 94.
Lilly,on
Peter
Duke
of
Yorke,
that
drawne
excellent
by
him
HOLBEIN
FROM
TO
HIGHMORE
47
attributed
Although the portraitof Cromwell
was
really by Walker, there
Lely at Florence
painter.
Captain
Cromwell's
which
Lely,
I desire
remark
all these
sat
to
the
is
former
Winde
reported a speech of
frequently quoted : "Mr.
is
you
pifturelike
my
Proteftor
the
that
doubt
no
to
would
use
and
not
me,
and
I will never
otherwise
everything as you see
me,
^
pay a farthing for it."
works
The
Lely is best known
are
by which
portraitsof the beauties of the Court of Charles IL,
Castle, and now
at
formerly at Windsor
Hampton
Palace.
These
Court
portraitswere
painted for
of York.
Anne
Hyde, Duchess
Although they
admired
be considered
much
they cannot
are
as
all so
much
altogether satisfaftory. They are
and
alike as
when
be positivelymonotonous,
to
of the
looking at them we are naturally reminded
fine piftures,
remark
that
painted many
Lely
but few good portraits." It is said that he kept a
with the faces blank, to
stock of paintingsin hand
This
be filled in according to choice.
was
really
fraud, for a good portraitconsists of somea
thing
gross
than
accurate
an
more
presentation of the
with popular opinion,
It is not in accordance
face.
that Lely
truth in the assertion
but there is some
than
in painting men
successful
was
more
women.
excellent.
of the former
Some
of his portraits
are
Lely occupied for several years an unchallenged
position as the chief painter of his day, although
he
rivals.
without
not
Shortly before his
was
**
'
Dallaway,
Anecdotes,"
in
ed. Wornum,
ii. 94
(note).
48
HISTORICAL
death,
PORTRAITS
he
however,
greatly
was
affefled
by
the
of Kneller.
success
in
buried
Garden, and was
Lely died in Covent
of St. Paul.
the parish church
sale of his
The
effefts in 1682
occupied forty days, and realized
;^2 6,000,
The
of
number
vast
is
country
of his
in
time
to
Lely for a
greatlyindebted
fine portraitsillustrating
the history
remarkable
As
manner.
to
his
decidedly inferior to
position as an artist,he was
Vandyck, and as decidedly superior to Kneller.
pupils and followers, and Mrs.
Lely had many
the
Mary Beale and John Greenhill were
among
of them.
foremost
(1632
Vandyck
Mary
Beale
the works
of
have
to
She
painted
day,
and
for
for
studied
her
most
time
of
the
charges
and
Society Collection,
Tillotson, and
Portrait
6th
Duke
for
of
by
Paget
and
Walker.
Robert
dignifiedclergy of
Portraits
Thomas
Dr.
under
;^5
were
half-length.
Wilkins
"
are
Charles
of Norfolk
head
her
and
her
;^io
of
Bishop
in the Royal
IL, Cowley,
in the
National
Gallery.
Greenhill
"
"
"
"
came
to
London
about
1656, and
obtained
FROM
much
employment.
by him in the
Blood
of Dr.
one
HOLBEIN
he
Wallis
TO
There
is
National
portraitof
Colonel
Gallery,and
Royal Society. Walpole
the
at
49
HIGHMORE
Portrait
himself, but
only an able master
formed
Mr. Riley."
James Gandy
1689) is said to have been
(1619
a
pupilof Vandyck, and copied his piftures. He
says
"
not
was
"
went
to
over
and
of Ormonde,
his
principalportraitswere
paintedin that country.
Thomas
both
Flatman
a
(1637 1688) was
miniature
a
painter. Granger affirms
poet and
"
that
"
of
one
his
Pindarics,"but
and
Joseph
and
Wright
He
afterwards
painted
for Guildhall
series
in
to
came
spent
his
poet,
in Scotland
born
was
Jameson.
and
young,
Italy. He
of
ream
altogethera bad
lighterpieces are elegant.
under
when
not
was
Michael
studied
judges
he
of his
some
is worth
heads
some
England
years
in
portraitsof the
Lely, who refused
of
place of
His
chambers.
judges at their own
well-known
portraitof Lacy the aftor, in three
at
charafters, is now
Hampton Court, and there is
fine portraitby him of Hobbes
in the National
a
Portrait Gallery.
Robert
Streater
appointed
(1624 1680) was
He
painted
serjeant-painterat the Restoration.
portraitsas well as history,landscape,architefture,
to
wait
on
the
"
and
stilllife.
Fuller
"
"
"
His
His
On
head
eyes
are
Drunken
does
sunk
Sot.
his shoulder
on
and
E
hardly
seen
lean,
;
HISTORICAL
50
Who
sees
PORTRAITS
Is apt to say,
pupilof Soest
and Fuller,and after the death of Lely he was
He painted
employedas portrait-painter.
largely
Charles II., James II. and his queen, and was
appointedCourt Painter to William and Mary.
Portraits by him of Bishop Burnet, James II.,
Waller, Lord Crewe, Bishop
William,Lord Russell,
of Durham, are in the National Portrait Gallery.
Kerseboom
Friedrich
(1632 1690)was born
and studied under Lebrun in Paris.
at Solingen,
he settledin Englandand
After a residence at Rome
obtained considerable employment as a portraitpainter.
known by the
John Hayls (died1679)is chiefly
in
him
allusions to
Pepys'sDiary. He painted
when
and this
the diarist'sportrait
a
man,
young
in the National Portrait Gallery.
is now
preserved
He was
of the chief rivals of Lely,and had
one
Some
fair praclice.
of his best portraits
a
are
those of the Russell family,
which are preserved
at
Woburn
Abbey.
Largilliere
Nicholas
to
(1656 1746) came
and painted
several
Englandat the age of eighteen,
Charles
f
or
II.
He
returned to France,
pictures
but came
He left this
to England againtwice.
and settled in
at the Revolution,
country finally
Paris where he was
largely
employedas a portraitpainter.He issaid to have painted1,500 pictures.
of Prince Charles Edward
and
There are portraits
John
Riley
(1646 1691)was
"
"
"
SIR
GODFREY
KNELLER,
BY
HIMSELF.
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
52
the
by
Denmark.
He
succeeded
his
to
rival
the
was
pra6lice.
of admirals
Prince
and
Anne
Princess
which
He
are
Wissing
of
George
of
Kneller,
and
painted many
traits
porwich.
Greenpreserved at
born
at
(1656
1687) was
and
to
Amsterdam,
came
England in 1680, when
he was
employed by Lely. After the death of the
much
latter he was
midable
forpatronised and became
a
Kneller.
rival to
Portraits
by him of
William
Lord
the
Cutts,
Duke
George
of Denmark,
U.,
in
are
wrote
"
the
Mary
National
addressed
poem
of
of
Modena
Portrait
to
Prince
Monmouth,
and
Gallery.
the Countess
Mary
Prior
of Devonshire
"
the patronage
of Lord
Somers.
Elsum
wrote
an
epigram on his portraitof the great
is at
lawyer. His portraitof Archbishop Tenison
in
1685
and
Lambeth,
Knole.
secured
and
He
of
Wilmot,
lived in Covent
Earl
of
Garden
Rochester,
with
at
his elder
the
landscape painter.
Verelst
Simon
was
a
distinguished Flemish
whose
flower painter,
pictureswere
greatlyadmired
He
was
immensely vain and called
by Pepys.
brother
Edward
himself
the
vanity, and
God
Prior
of Flowers.
wrote
Others
flattered this
FROM
"
When
Flora
HOLBEIN
fam'd
53
Verelst
drew,
The
vouchsafd
HIGHMORE
TO
Behold
of
that
suggested
the
result
and
flowers,
of mine
work
one
Duke
the
that
he
crowded
the
became
says
the
fashion
that he
and
jured
in-
paid ;^i lo
was
munificent
to
circumstance
of the
settle
(1660
1686.
Earl
of
who
from
of the
name
17 11) a
found
He
Arran,
Edinburgh,
the
"
**
duced
in-
which
Kneller
North/'
696),was a
was
in
he obtained
often
Jacob Huysman,
and
in the
patron
him
fruit
shown
it was
king to whom
flower
piece. Although his
half-length.
Baptist
Sir
Medina
John
to
Fleming, came
England in
with
canvas
that the
so
supposed it to be a
he
bad
portraitswere
Lely. Walpole
for
"
shall fade.'
that ne'er
of
native
said
by
an
called
who
Antwerp
admirer
Houseman
to
came
unite
(1656
to
"
England
the power
and
and feelingof
of the
of
Duchess
of
Richmond
as
Pallas
of Richmond
and
possession of the Duke
The
portraitof Lady Belasyse at Hampton
as
Lady Byron, was
traditionallyknown
to
assigned to
Huysman, but is now
the authority of an old catalogue. A good
is in the National
by him of Isaac Walton
is in the
Gordon.
Court,
cribed
long asLely, on
portrait
Gallery.
HISTORICAL
54
Thomas
Riley and
Portraits
Murray
(1666
him
1724)
"
afterwards
by
PORTRAITS
of
became
Chief
Lord
Pratt, father
Camden,
Portrait
Gallery,of
Society, and
Physicians,
Thomas
W.
Hill
Faithorne
London.
in
of Sir
the
The
Portrait
Edmund
Hans
painter.
William
circumnavigator and
of Lord
under
successful
Captain
studied
Dampier, the
Justice,Sir John
in the
are
Halley
Sloane
at
at
the
National
the
Royal
College of
a
(1661 1734) was
pupil of
in
and
praftised portrait-painting
fine portrait of Bishop Hooper
"
Exhibition
of
1867
at
South
"
"
"
JONATHAN
RICHARDSON,
BY
HIMSELF.
HOLBEIN
FROM
TO
55
his books
almost
are
day the
asked
by him
HIGHMORE
latter
were
title
what
should
The
g^ve one of his books, replied:
memoirs
of yourself and
son
Jonathan with a
your
word
about painting." We
two
or
ought, however,
that both Hogarth and Reynolds were
to remember
stimulated
by the reading of the
Essay on the
whole
of Criticism
it relates to Painting,"
art
as
"
"
1719.
in London
born
John Woolaston,
happy in his likenesses, but he
about
1672,
good
portrait-painter.
According to Walpole his charge
was
only five guineas for a three-quarter length.
He
and performed at the concerts
was
a musician,
of Thomas
His portrait
Britton the small coalman.
of Britton is in the National
Portrait Gallery.
William
of James
Gandy
(died 1729), son
Gandy already alluded to, is said to have settled at
was
Exeter
about
the
year
700.
For
of itinerant
was
some
not
years
he
and
portrait-painter
many
in
him
exist
of
the west
good pifturesby
England.
in his youth
that he was
Reynolds has recorded
much
impressed by the work of Gandy.
Sir James Thornhill
chiefly
1734) was
(1676
employed in the decoration of ceilingswith designs
in the grand style,but he also painted some
very
uncle
his
the
good portraits. He was
placed by
celebrated
Dr. Sydenham, as a pupil with Thomas
him as serjeant-painter.
Highmore, and succeeded
Gibson
Thomas
(1680 1 75 1 )pra6lisedportraitpainting in London
during the first part of the
to
eighteenth century, but retired about
1730
He
Oxford.
to
London,
subsequently returned
died.
of
he
where
is a portrait by him
There
Portrait
National
hibition,
Exin the
Archbishop Wake
of Archbishop
and
an
one
anonymous
was
sort
"
"
56
HISTORICAL
Potter
South
His
from
Christ
PORTRAITS
Church
Oxford,
Kensington Exhibition
is at
portraitof Vertue
that
and
at
of
the
of Antiquaries
Society
Flamsteed
of
shown
was
the
at
Royal
Society.
William
and
on
Aikman
his
pra6lice of
settled
in
Duke
of
(1682
return
Sir
to
Medina
John
London
1)studied
73
Scotland
1
"
at
succeeded
in
Rome,
the
to
He
Edinburgh.
in
the
1723 on
He
became
of
advice
John,
Argyll.
acquainted with
Kneller, whose
style he imitated, and to whose
Portraits
practicehe largelysucceeded.
by him
and
of Duncan
Forbes
the Duke
of Argyll are
in
the
National
Portrait
Gallery. At the South
shown
of 1867 were
his
Kensington Exhibition
Carstares
portraitsof the Rev. William
(No. 1 1 ),
in the catalogue
John Gay (No. 173, attributed
the poet (No. 245), and
to
Boll),Allan Ramsay
James Thomson
(No. 333). His own
portrait is
National
in the Scottish
Portrait
Gallery (Edinburgh),
the National
Galleryof Scotland, and also
Florence.
in the Gallery of Painters
at
Edmund
Ashfield
a
was
pupil of Wright and
in crayons.
excelled
He
copied Vandyck.
Charles
Jervas or Jarvis (1675
1739) was
"
in
born
visited
He
Ireland
and
Italyand
studied
returned
Kneller,
succeeded
to
on
England
that
principalpainter to George
with a
widow
large fortune,
heard
that
horses
he cried
draw
he
better
as
had
**
he
journey'send."
well
Jervas was
obtained
Swift, and
the
set
Ah
mine
does
he
received
about
artist's
I.
He
and
when
He
1
709.
death,
as
married
Kneller
carriage and
four
don't
will
in
never
get
to
his
literarysociety and
uncritical
somewhat
Arbuthnot
up
Kneller.
under
praisesof Pope,
58
HISTORICAL
PORTRAITS
the
Jeremiah Davidson
(died 1745) studied
of Lely and obtained
works
a
large pra6lice as a
both
portrait-painter
The
fine
statue
of
in Scotland
Duncan
and
in
London.
in the
Forbes
ment
Parlia-
modelled
by
Edinburgh, was
Roubiliac
after a portraitby Davidson.
Vanloo
Jean Baptiste
(1684 1746) was born
Aix
in Provence.
He
at
painted altar-piecesin
his youth and
in
studied
Rome.
He
to
came
England in 1737 and became
popular as a
very
in 1742
France
to
portrait-painter. He returned
and
in his native
died
Portraits
town.
by him
of
and
Richard
Viscount
Cobham,
Temple,
National
Portrait
in the
John Lord
Hervey are
Sir
is at
Burrow
of
one
Gallery, and
James
the Royal
also painted portraits
Society. He
of Horace
Walpole, CoUey Gibber, and
Peg
Woffington.
bom
Haaken
at
Joseph Van
(died 1749) was
his profession. He
he studied
Antwerp where
and painted the figureand background
to England
came
for several painters. He painted draperies
House,
"
for
Vanloo
others, and
among
it is said
that
the
to
canvases
complete
brought him
from
all parts of England.
Two
paintersoffered
him
800
only for them.
guineas a year to work
sketched
the supposed funeral
Hogarth satirically
attended
of Van
Haaken
by the artists he worked
exhibited
their grief and
for, who
despair at his
stage
coach
death.
Vanderbank
John
born
1739) was
(1694
in
largely employed
reigns of Queen Anne
"
was
England, and
in the
portrait-painting
He
headed
and
George I.
academy,
James Thornhill's
in
of
his
model.
own
in
which
he
the
and
seceders
from
established
introduced
the
Sir
one
living
TO
HOLBEIN
FROM
(1692
Highmore
Joseph
59
HIGHMORE
studied
1780)
at
the
"
Painters'
of
Academy
Kneller.
was
noticed
by
and
painted
portraits
There
him
of
are
in
the
Richardson
two
Great
portraits
National
and
had
He
of
the
of
wife
of
Samuel
at
the
Richardson
Gallery,
Stationers'
and
and
praftice,
large
Knights
Portrait
his
Street,
Queen
Bath.
by
portraits
Hall.
IV.
CHAPTER
PORTRAIT-PAINTERS
BRITISH
HOGARTH
FROM
TO
MILLAIS
William
Hogarth
portrait-painters,
greatest
something
Royal
Portrait
is also
Gallery
well
sister,
family
Mary
received
more
received
for
When
John
the
25th,
Sept.
in
instance,
public
how
:
wished
for
and
malevolence
made
known
comparable
in-
the
of
proud
was
of
Garrick
before
ever
"The
of
the
of
(No.
la
his
be
untrue
attempt
mind
ing
follow'
Mode
of
17,
made
the
was
prints
the
attack
savage
to
Marriage
"
Wilkes
false
of
in
Briton"
have
made
the
and
as
article
series
by
of
acquaintance
monstrously
After
He
art
this
must
Hogarth
marriage.
rancour
In
he
"
passage
his
"North
the
1762).
which
assertions
who
the
Peachum,
artist
old
an
at
(;^40o).
published
Wilkes,
painter
"
the
Gallery
portrait
portrait
offended
his
He
English
any
of
well
as
at
National
himself
of
the
for
**
single
and
k la Mode."
than
he
notorious
for
said
the
Polly
as
Strodes,
Hogarth
Times"
on
Fenton
the
at
National
the
at
Marriage
and
success
examples
Hogarth,
of
group
"
and
"
Folkes
Lovat
fine
are
Lavinia
"
his
Lord
**
our
that
was
Coram*'
Martin
**
represented
of
portraits
his
and
Society,
he
"Captain
Hospital,
of
one
was
although
His
more.
Foundling
1764)
(1697"
the
happy
but
made
the
him
WILLIAM
HOC.ARTH,
BY
HLMSKLF.
FROM
very
of
so
with
turn
soon
HOGARTH
envy
and
disgustfrom
dwell
pleasingcontemplation to
others
of
found
hateful
them
cast,
MILLAIS
TO
which
he
and
objefts
feast
pursued,
on
for he
'*
anyone
reads
the
pages
of the
"
North
Briton," but
knows
"
It
made
will
be
remembered
that
Horace
unflatteringremarks
the figure of Sigismunda.
on
Fortunately now
have
hand
in the
the pi6lure at
National
we
the beauty of the figure
admire
Gallery and can
the merits of the pi6lureas a whole.
and
We
can
Sir
Richard
Grosvenor
was
only feel surprisethat
of repudiatinghis bargain with Hogarth.
desirous
his wife that she
artist left injunctionswith
The
sell the piftureunder
should
;^500. At the
not
sale of her effefts it fetched
only /^^S guineas. In
sold at Christie's for 400 guineas, and
1807 it was
received
National
in 1879 it was
at the
Gallery,
a
as
bequest from Mr. J. H. Anderdon.
his brother-in-law
John
Hogarth succeeded
in 1757.
Thornhill
as
serjeant-painter
Nollekens
(1702 1748),the
Joseph Francis
the sculptor,was
father of Joseph Nollekens
a
and
Castle there is a
at Windsor
portrait-painter,
Walpole
some
very
"
"
62
HISTORICAL
good portraitgroup
of Wales,
PORTRAITS
him
by
of Frederick
Prince
his sisters.
and
Winstanley
"
"
"
"
"
his
he
master
was
very
successful
in crayons,
and
better painter than
a
Hogarth declared that he was
lived
No.
Cavendish
at
Reynolds. Cotes
32,
Square, the house afterwards
occupied by Romney
and then by Sir M. A. Shee.
R. Bockman
was
a
portrait-painterand mezzotint
engraver
to have
appears
and
to
have
of
to
come
worked
and
at
Bartholomew
in the
There
known.
from
England
here
eighteenth century.
by him of Naval
Court
little is
whom
Amsterdam
early part
several
are
Commanders
He
at
of the
good portraits
Hampton
Greenwich.
Dandridge,
who
was
the
son
of
considerable
a
painter,obtained
pra6lice
his facility
from
in taking a
a
as
portrait-painter
He
excellent
likeness.
painted an
portrait of
which
was
George Edwards, F.R.S., the zoologist,
His portraitof
engraved by J. S. Millar in 1754.
a
house
64
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
is in the
National
bed-ridden
Woffington when
Portrait Gallery and engraved in this volume.
R.A.
William
Hoare,
(1707?
1792) studied
"
Grisoni,
under
London
at
went
to
nine
he
settled
years
and
Bath,
at
There
1867
(No. 95)
Thomas
Pelham
John Holies,
and
Pownall
"
native
the
of
then
Bath."
National
of
him
of
which
in the
are
of
of Newcastle,
Nash,
Beau
and
portrait by
catalogue as
Corporation of Bath.
a
James Latham,
art
at
Antwerp and
1725
was
of
Exhibition
of Newcastle.
Duke
Governor
Portrait
Holies, Duke
Chatham,
of
Earl
portraitsin
the
there
in the
described
was
At
absence
an
Hoare
**
as
of his
Gallery.
Portrait
artist, and
first in London
at
known
was
several
are
After
Rome.
afterwards
Italian
an
of the
Derrick,
possession of
the
Tipperary,
studied
Ireland
about
practised in
the honourable
obtained
nation
desig1740, and
He
Irish
of the
Vandyck."
pra6lised for
"
time
His
in London,
but
which
portraits,
with
met
died
much
are
in
in Dublin
Irish
about
esteemed,
mansions, and
are
1750.
quently
fre-
some
of
excellent
engraved. He produced an
portraitof Peg Woffington.
R.A.
Francis
Hayman,
a
(1708 1776) was
whose
successful
pictures have
portrait-painter
for Hogarth^s. He was
mistaken
been
sometimes
and an illustrator
scene-painterat Drury Lane Theatre
them
are
"
of
books.
He
the
was
first librarian
pointed
ap-
His portraitof
Royal Academy.
while
himself, shown
painting a portrait of Sir
Portrait
Robert
Walpole, is in the National
Gallery.
Philips
Charles
(1708 1747),son of Richard
also, painted many
Philips,a portrait-painter
sons
per-
by
the
"
of distin6lion, among
them
Frederick, Prince
FROM
of
HOGARTH
Wales, and
Some
good
Augusta
pieces by him
conversation
him
portrait by
National
Rome.
Richardson
He
and
held
and
he
did
need
not
famed
was
and
at
Charles
for
chalk
drew
Edward,
the death
on
continue
to
(1713
of
the work
at
of
the
Gentle
"
and
He
years.
after
painter
of
the
to
held
Briton," and
Churchill,
his
in
the
equivocallyto
"Thence
came
Of whom
one
Johnson
him
of
Prophecy
painter:
Ramsay,
conversation
"
in the
Famine
is
on
more
these
"
North
contempt.
alludes
will
You
there
for
under
of worthy
Ramsays, names
paints,as well as t'other wrote."
of
in
appointed
public
to
up
"
born
Bute, and
Lord
fellfoul of him
the
for three
the
said
in whose
he remained
he was
George HL
king.
Naturally
Wilkes
circumstances
where
of
son
Shepherd," was
studying in London
patronised by
was
accession
1784), the
"
man
property
some
Ramsay
Edinburgh,
studied
profession.
author
Dr.
of
pupil
some
into
came
Allan
the
the
theories respe6lparticular
principlesof beauty and resented
brother, and
of his
is in
afterwards
be
to
are
Knole.
Bishop Warburton
Gallery.
(i 710"1788) was
Hussey
Jonathan
Castle
Wales.
of
of
Portrait
Giles
65
MILLAIS
Princess
Windsor, Warwick
at
seen
the
TO
"
note
not
find
tion,
instruc-
elegance than in
Ramsay's." There is a portraitby him of David
Hume
in the National
Gallery of Scotland, and
portraitsof George III., Queen Charlotte, Earl
of Bute, and
Monro
Alexander
primtis in the
Scottish National
also
Portrait Gallery. There
are
more
information,
or
more
66
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
several
are
Scottish
Alexander
Mansfield,
and
Portrait
Charlotte, Lord
Dr.
and
Mead.
three
John
Bath
Lord
National
studied
(171 5
under
"
1745)
He
Court, and
Jervas'shouse in Cleveland
extensive
pra6lice during the few
by
born
was
Vanderbank.
the
at
took
obtained
years
of
an
his
a"ftive life.
John
Shackleton
Kent
(died 1767) succeeded
There
George IL in 1749.
the Foundling Hospital
at
principalpainter to
are
portraitsby him
and Fishmongers' Hall.
as
Thomas
Lawranson
was
Irish
an
artist
who
the
of the
middle
about
pra6lised in London
eighteenth century and died after 1778. There is
a
portraitby him of John O'Keefe, the dramatist
and
Portrait Gallery.
aftor, in the National
Nathaniel
R.A.
Hone,
(1718 1784) was
in Dublin
born
but came
to
England early in life
a"fted for a time
and
itinerant painter. He
as
an
subsequently married a lady of fortune and settled
in St. James's Place.
and of
Portraits of himself
Wesley and Horace
Walpole are in the National
Portrait Gallery. He
fell into disgracein consequence
of his
The
Conjuror,"
pidlure entitled
which
satire upon
a
was
Reynolds.
Mason
R.A.
Chamberlin,
a
(died 1787) was
and
became
a
good
Hay man,
pupil of Francis
portrait-painter. His
portrait of Dr. William
is in the Diploma
Hunter
Gallery of the Royal
and
the
an
Royal Society possess
Academy,
excellent likeness by him of Dr. Chandler.
F.R.S.
Wilson,
1788) was
Benjamin
(1721
and
Leeds
London
born
to
at
came
early in life.
"
**
"
SIR
JOSHUA
REYNOLDS,
BY
HIMSELF.
FROM
from
but
1748
Ireland.
to
became
he
1750
Great
in
67
MILLAIS
painted portraitsin
he returned
to
where
Street,
Queen
London
he
fashionable
Hogarth
Richard
ceeded
portrait-painter.He sucserjeant-painter.
a
pupil of
(died 1782) was
as
Brompton
Wilson
Benjamin
under
TO
settled
and
HOGARTH
in Rome
studied
afterwards
and
Mengs.
Admiral
painted
is
Saunders
difficulties and
Greenwich.
at
released
was
He
the
from
who
by the Empress of Russia
portrait-painterextraordinary.
Petersburg.
Sir
Joshua
got into
King's Bench
him
made
He
died
her
St.
at
latter's exclamation
him, how
weakness
some
with
he
in the
of
our
former's
the
work,
is,"exa6lly sums
There
charm.
to
powers
of
various
on
"
beautiful
artists,but
is often
and
this
"
Damn
his great
element
of
up
an
elegantconceptions
was
never
the
case
"
"
68
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
with
the
behind
the
figuresof Crime and Remorse
is a triumphant example of strength
chair, which
and
beauty. In the present age allegory is out of
in Reynolds's pictures
fashion, but the allegorical
is always pleasing.
Some
of
Reynolds
said
to
"
least
and
Reynolds
the engravings
his
of
human
the
as
and
but
neither
of them
did
in
minor
and
when
the
entered
consider
you
yet
conceived
and
childish
and
with
colours
the
around
be
and
that with
by
Dutch
prevailingtypes
himself
of
masters
strong,
Paths.
was
you
so
at
Italy,and
their thrones.
art
of
black
I know
once
arose
not
Dresden
the
and
the
as
from
climate,
principal
colourist
the
Venetians
for the
of the
noble."
who
day,
produce another
unaided, so unerring an
pure
him, he
China
can
true,
temper;
ventionality
frightfulcon-
saloons
the
at
and
of
even
in
art
subjefts,
Sir Joshua
northern
and
and
nobler
of all feminine
in
none,
the
paints
all around
that
white
be
it is,
as
Titian
crushed
threw
habitude
even
heart
simplest types
and
gray
of
that, with
loveliness
can
that
him,
subtlyas
so
varieties
of social
of
I think
mind,
portrait-painters.
pi6lures,and Vandyck had
nobler
the
with
"
of
prince
he
is familiar
Mr.
form
them, and
love
paintings and
his
knows
all who
To
can
the
Considered
"
understand
not
painting."
that
from
life
delighted at
praise which
in
who
"
fa6ls
did
Kneller
and
poetry
school
first.
at
him
the
in
old
the
"
instance
history
of
so
instindl
for all
Ruskin's
Two
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
70
them
have
to
of the
bust
ideas
the
to
Duchess
National
judgment
the
as
to treatment
as
the
We
but
mater,
my
by a visit
Reynolds's
see
can
far better
Walpole s. There
the three daughters
than
was
famous
fancy piftureof
of Sir William
Montgomery
of Hymen.
statue
a
pi6lure,but it cannot
compare
is the
adorning
graces
magna
adopted."^
Gallery how
not
were
like
drawn
Graces,
the
as
This
is
with
beautiful
the
corating
de-
exquisite
of the
"
afterwards
and
of
Waldegrave bought
husband
the
for
^73
rival of
Reynolds,
level
was
seriouslysupposed
Mr.
colourist
at
had
never
master
s,
be
to
realised
1788)
"
and
Reynolds
he
other
Sometimes
painter.
^
"
they
Letters,"vol. vii.,
p.
prices
never
was
"
the
It is difficult to
is
which
for
equal.
Gainsborough
them
for
the
was
his
raised
of Gainsborough's
pervading charm
portraits;they appeal to all, and there
in
got
Christie's
the
that
he
give
Reynolds's portrait
(1727
Rubens."
since
sold
he
to
calls
Ruskin
he
but
that
of
but
1894
Gainsborough
Thomas
the
In
the sale
pair at
10^.,
to
the
Earl
The
of Gloucester.
Duchess
are
370.
greatest
explain
female
is
unlike
too
doubtedly
un-
any
sketchy,
THOMAS
GAINSBOROUGH,
BY
J.
ZOFFANY.
HOGARTH
FROM
for
but
beauty
and
quiet
MILLAIS
TO
purity and
containingthe
of
sense
Mrs.
H. Bate
Siddons, and the fine Rev.
florious
is
surprised
)udley. One
Gainsborough's
not
last words
to
and
heaven,
at
Reynolds :
Vandyck is
We
**
of
are
the
all
going
party," for
to
his
of that great
give evidence of his admiration
Blue
could
Boy
scarcely have
painter. The
been
painted had Vandyck not lived.
George
1802),a Lancashire
Romney(i 734
man,
in 1762, and
obtained
settled in London
premiums
visited
the Society of Arts.
He
Rome
in
from
with Ozias
in i 'j'ji,and on his
Humphrey
company
works
"
**
"
return
to
London,
Cavendish
in
1775,
He
he
established
himself
charged 15 guineas
for a head
life-size,and proportionatelyfor whole
and soon
obtained
and half-lengths,
a largepradlice.
In 1785 he had raised his prices to 80 guineas for
60
guineas for half whole-length, 40
full-length,
in
Square.
72
HISTORICAL
PORTRAITS
often
outvalue
that
his
three
rivals
of his
those
of them
look
It has
been
charadleristics
chief
"
are
(i)
has
largelygrown
realize
of
immense
her
and
in the
same
year
of Maria
and
of Lord
Thurlow,
Lord
artist,and
painted
his
pictures
taining
pi6lure conSpencer and
for
;^ 11,025,
pidlurecontainingportraits
Thurlow, the two
daughters
;^ 2,6 7 7.
only
Gower
his fame
1896
Clifden, sold
fetched
not
was
and
Elizabeth
Lady
Catherine
Ronald
In
prices.
of
portraits
sister,Viscountess
Romney
late years,
portrait-painter
; and
writes
would
stand
"He
high
true
was
he
had
never
portrait."
Peter
Vandyke
(born 1729)
was
native
of
Holland
invited
from
by
Antwerp, and was
over
Sir Joshua Reynolds
in
assist him
to
particularly
his draperies. He
settled in Bristol,
afterwards
and
praftised as a portrait-painter.He painted a
ridge
Hall, and his portraitsof Coleportraitof Robert
and
Portrait
Southey are in the National
Gallery.
Gavin
Hamilton
1 797), the connoisseur
(1 730
and classical painter,resided chiefly
where
in Rome,
he died.
He
painted some
portraits,the best
known
being those of the two Gunning beauties
"
"
the
Duchess
of
Coventry.
Astley
John
Hudson,
and
Hamilton
(1730?
a
fellow
and
"
1787)
student
the
was
at
of
Countess
Rome
pupil
of
with
GKORCK
ROMNEY,
BY
HIMSELF.
74
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
obtained
considerable
Arkwright
in the
are
Hugh
National
Douglas
1806) was
practice as
his
up
where
Irish
and
he
returned
He
worked
Sir
181
London,
he
painted
visitors
and
in
years
settled
Dance
under
He
Many
amateur.
after
where
1791
he
died.
(1735
R.A.
Holland,
"
and
for
Hayman,
acquired a large fortune
He
relinquishedhis
and
his
and
Parliament
continued
but
of
English
the
Soon
went
crayons.
entered
baronet,
of
many
Dublin,
widow,
1778 he
in
but
took
Francis
Italy.
with
by marriage
profession.
a
afterwards
city.
in
in
principally
studied
created
that
to
Nathaniel
1)
some
in
"
he commenced
portrait-painter.He
(1734
R.H.A.
of Dublin, where
native
Gallery.
Hamilton,
residence
Rome,
to
Portrait
himself
of
and
Darwin,
Erasmus
and
portraits of
His
success.
to
portraitsare
was
paint as an
exceedingly
of
for the work
mistaken
good, and are sometimes
There
National
in
several
the
Reynolds.
are
Portrait Gallery.
R.A.
Copley,
John Singleton
(1737 181 5)
of portraitsin America
before
painted a multitude
"
he
England.
to
came
Fields
in
afterwards
where
1777,
to
25,
he remained
and
removed
in
the
end
or
year
Inn
two
Hanover
Square,
of his life,and
where
George Street,
to
in Lincoln's
settled
He
his
in order
required for
are
the
called
"
two
Death
his purpose.
His
in the
National
of Chatham"
best
known
pictures
"
FROM
his
Last
HOGARTH
Speech
Peirson."
Mrs.
the
and
Death
"
of
Major
pi6lure he introduced
Copley, his son (afterwards Lord
Lyndhurst), and
was
presented to
1828,
the
and
"
latter
the
In
portraitsof
"
75
MILLAIS
TO
their
the
The
nurse.
nation
by
**Peirson''
was
Chatham"
**
Liverpool in
bought at Lord
Copleys
;^ 1,600.
Lord
and
National
He
Gallerj'.
Martin
(1737
afterwards
settled
but
in the
are
of
pupil
to
Rome.
returned
to
in Edinburgh, where
1775, settling
till his death
(with the exception of
he
period when
was
appointed
lived
Raeburn
instru6lion
from
National
in Dean
limner
Scotland.
to
His
him.
Gallery
Copley's birth,
settlement
but
to
have
he
received
portrait by
for
some
himself
is
of Scotland.
(1738
1820) was
Philadelphiaa year after
preceded the latter in his
P.R.A.
Springfieldnear
at
of Wales
Prince
He
Street, Soho).
the
is said
West,
Benjamin
bom
London,
portraits,
Lord
about
he remained
in the
in
Mansfield
1797) was
accompanied
"
he
whom
Ramsay,
Scotland
of
Portrait
David
Allan
Earl
the
have
"
in
England.
West
the
was
a
painter, and
good portraitportraitsby him of the royal family at Hampton
is a good portraitof
Court
excellent.
There
are
Dr. Price at the Royal Society, and
of Samuel
one
More
is nothing by
There
at the
Society of Arts.
him
in the National
Portrait
Gallery. Equally
and
appreciated in his own
day by his compeers
scoffed at and his works
by the public,his art is now
of sight. His
Death
the Pale
are
on
put out
and
Horse
of the sights of London
was
one
"
"
became
town.
The
British
Institu-
^6
HISTORICAL
tion
**
his death
at
his
"
claim
The
pidures.
of
Death
rather
pitlure
Temple/'
and
twenty
for
tea-boardy
"
for
English
"
honourable
is that
art
the
for the
after
;^8oo
was
West
;^io.
Anne's
drawingis entirelydevoted
of Bayard
and
Death
the
are
pleasing, but certainly
in appearance.^
chief
West's
mention
in the
history of
"
**
"
Wolfe
of
years
for which
by public au6lion
to
advantage in Queen
Court, which
Hampton
seen
to
it
Annunciation,"
**
his
sold
paid, was
room
his
for
sick in the
healing the
of engraving
purpose
is
guineas
3,000
gave
Saviour
PORTRAITS
he
the
was
first
to
introduce
picturesof modern
history.
Kettle
Tilly
creditable
a
(1740" 1786) was
taken
been mispictureshave sometimes
painter,whose
India
for Reynolds's. He
in 1770
went
to
H e returned
there.
and made
to England
a fortune
in 1777, but not
he started
meeting with success
again for the East, and died at Aleppo. H is portrait
Portrait
of Warren
Hastings is in the National
best portraits
of Admiral
are
Gallery. His two
in
down
the
went
Royal
Kempenfelt, who
Blackstone, the former
George," and Sir William
modern
into
costume
"
Greenwich
at
and
the
painted portraitsof
other
a6lors
and
Beach
Thomas
Reynolds
in
Mrs.
at
Oxford.
Yates,
Mr.
1806)
became
He
also
Powell, and
a6lresses.
(1738
"
1760, and
allusion
latter
contained
exhibited
in this
pupilof
portraitsat the
a
expression can
scarcely be
tea-boards
(or teaappreciatedby
present generation,as no
seen
trays)covered with pictures are now
except in colle6lions.
smooth
Some
of these pidlures were
well painted, although too
is a good story of one
and pretty.
There
of the artists whose
At last
by the tradesman.
constantly being cut down
pay was
the latter complained that the pi"5lurewas
nothing but smoke,
down
and the artist replied, As you
cut
price I reduced
my
I can
for the
the details of the battle,and now
only give smoke
*
The
the
**
pay
you
allow."
FROM
TO
HOGARTH
MILLAIS
^^
**
**
head
of
is the
the
two."
horse
the
finest
the
His
dealer,
Exhibition
I have
of
ever
lent
that
and
1867
parliamentary
Portrait Gallery.
Tattersall
the South
to
earliest
Richard
Richard
portrait of
was
the likest
and
seen,
Kensington
of William
Woodfall,
reporter, is in the
tional
Na-
Cosway,
door:
"
When
Tis
usual
But
here
For
the
This
old
lion's
there is
at
the
is said
two
Society
on
monkey's
within."
Cosway
sent
in
now
in the
great
request,
National
Portrait
good portraitsin
Templeman.
(1741
James Barry
from
street.
same
are
tie
is seen.
have
to
in the
are
brings a lion,
oils
by
Shipley
Dr.
and
"
1766 with
his
the
without, and
20
show
reversed
of himself
one
signpost to
custom
No.
There
Gallery.
the
miniatures
Cosway's
him
the
to
fair for
monkey
epigram
this house
and
to
man
an
brother.
1774,
with
deemed
but
a
from
allowance
He
painted
his enthusiasm
contempt
the
1806)
for
lower
went
Edmund
to
Italy in
Burke
portraitof
Burke
and
in
branches
of
the
profession.
78
HISTORICAL
PORTRAITS
who
made
especially those
large profits like
Reynolds out of portrait-painting,
kept him poor.
When
in the
asked
to
paint a portrait he was
habit of saying,
Go
the fellow in Leicester
to
It is pleasant to
know
that at last
Square."
these two
men
reconciled, and when
were
Reynolds
in 1782 Barry went
died
and
the Academy
to
pronounced a glowing eulogium on him as a man
"
and
artist.
an
as
portraitswhich
The
in
room
the
value, and
of
Adelphi
of
are
and
we
from
see
can
"
'*
if he
had
and
Romney
female
he
chosen
in the delineation
Hoppner
Falconet
(1741
St.
at
as
years
of twelve
portraits
some
the
Peter
in
bom
1766, where
about
of Etienne
of
statue
Petersburg, was
London
to
came
rivalled
of beautiful
1791),son
"
have
might
figures.
Pierre
for
interest
great
dancer
that
walls
the
pi6lureson
into his
Barry introduced
the Society of Arts* great
Paris, but
he
pra6lised
He
portrait-painter.
the
drew
artists,which
of the best-known
"
his death.
"
Maria
Anna
1807)
was
arrived
in
born
London
at
in
of
One
Brunswick
Her
Adam
her
Chur,
Her
portraitof
infant
her
Novosielski
Majesty's Theatre
National
Gallery
in
the
of Scotland.
at
(i741
and
works
were
subjedls,and the
to paint ceilings.
employed her
best portraitsis
and
R.A.
Switzerland,
1766.
classical
Kauffmann,
Angelica
of
the
Princess
Court.
Hampton
the architeft
Haymarket,
of
of
Her
is in the
FROM
OziAS
a
time
He
in
HOGARTH
R.A.
Humphry,
India
to
went
At
1788.
Knole
which
Dorset
portraitin
R.A."
It
in
1785,
is
MILLAIS
(1742
lodged
he
Bath, where
at
TO
is inscribed
and
with
returned
also
of
Duke
The
**
first
Ozias
is
(1 7 44
England
the
:
for
Linleys.
to
back
the
painted by
begun in May and
Knole
At
June, 1 791.
Humphry
by Romney.
R.A.
Russell,
J OHN
the
portrait of
on
lived
1810)
"
crayons
was
79
Humphry,
finished early in
fine portrait of
"
806)
worked
,
he excelled.
in which
He was
in crayons,
chiefly
pointed
apin ordinary to George III.,
portrait-painter
of Wales.
His portraitsof Dr. Dodd,
and Prince
Sheridan
Portrait
David
and
went
there
Wilberforce
in
the
born
and
Allan
to
till 1777,
"
when
he
came
is
to
He
London
he
1780
at
Alloa,
remained
and
tised
prac-
settled
in
Edinburgh,
of
National
Gallery.
portrait-painting. In
of
are
of
National
became
William
Sir
Portrait
Hamilton,
K.B.,
is in
the
Gallery.
Northcote,
R.A.
a
1831) was
devoted
pupil of Reynolds, and painted many
well as largeand uninteresting
as
men
portraitsof eminent
pi6lureson historical subje6ls. Hoppner
I can
be fond
said :
of his
to
fancy a man
once
who
art
paints like Reynolds, but how any man
be fond of his art who
can
paints like that fellow
heaven
He
Northcote
only knows."
was
ful
successof children
and angels.
in paintingthe heads
18 19) painted in
William
Lane
(1746
crayons
of Mrs. Siddons
in 1785.
a portrait
R.A.
William
Hamilton,
(1751 1801) first
James
(1746
"
"
"
"
8o
HISTORICAL
exhibited
the
historical
an
was
at
PORTRAITS
in 1 774.
He
Royal Academy
painter,but occasionallypainted
of
portraits,
especially
being
of Mrs.
Sir
stars,
of these
one
Siddons.
William
exhibited
theatrical
R.A.
Beechey,
portraits in
some
(1753
"
and
from
1775,
with fair success.
1839)
that
He
pra6lisedin London
painted a portraitof Queen Charlotte, which
cured
prohim
the appointment of portrait-painter
to
After painting his successful
her majesty.
trian
equesof George HI. with the Prince of Wales
group
of York, now
and the Duke
at
Hampton Court, he
a
was
knighted. He was
good painter,but his
fame
There
is a
paled before that of Lawrence.
in the National
portraitby him of Mrs. Siddons
Portrait
Gallery, and portraits of John Kemble,
Charles
S. Pybus and
Sir Francis
Bourgeois at
Dulwich.
Sir William
Beechey's son, George D.
and
brought up as a portrait-painter,
Beechey, was
sitters.
during the life of his father he had many
R.A.
Henry
Sir
Raeburn,
(1756 1823) was
of our
he
but
as
one
greatest portrait-painters,
in Edinburgh he scarcelytook the position
resided
served.
in general esteem
during his lifetime that he deHis fame was
locallyvery great, but it was
less widely spread in the great world.
By the advice
in early life,
of Reynolds he proceeded to Rome
and
the great painter offered
to
help him with
time
he
"
Raeburn
funds, but
studying
in
two
1
787.
years
did
in
not
need
Italy,he
assistance.
settled
in
After
burgh
Edin-
him
from
HOGARTH
FROM
when
that
the
in
Wilkie
studied
gallery at
Raeburn.
TO
the
Madrid
MILLAIS
of
work
he
Velasquez
of
reminded
was
Of the
Henley writes :
portraiture the giftof perceiving
Mr.
W.
E.
**
capacityof
and representingindividual
character
and form
he had more
that
perhaps than any portrait-painter
mere
"
"
has
lived."
Doubtless
it may
of men's
lives
this
and
secret
claim
Scotsmen
Reynolds, and
view.
and
said
pictureswere
Gallery contains
Murdo
by him,
of
in
gathered together.
325
canvas.
place after
said
be
another
held, and
was
to
exhibition
an
his
on
the second
is much
his death
acteristic,
his great charthe
that he read
it
wrote
for Raeburn
there
After
of his works
be
was
this
for
fifty-seven
1876, when
The
National
Mac-
lady
He
which
reminds
of Hoppner.
is represented
one
the National
Portrait
at
Gallery by portraitsof
Francis
Sir John
Horner, the Rev. John Home,
Sinclair, Prof. Playfair,Hugh W.
Williams, and
Henry Mackenzie.
brated
Alexander
Nasmyth
(1758 1840), the celeborn
at
landscape painter,was
Edinburgh,
Allan
London
he came
but
to
to
study under
On
his return
to Edinburgh he at first
Ramsay.
of his portraits
pra6lisedas a portrait-painter
; one
the most
trustworthy likeness of the poet
was
a
"
Burns.
HI.
R.A.
Hoppner,
John
chorister
made
him
at
a
the
small
allowance
to
enable
him
to
painter. In 1780 he
began to exhibit at the Royal Academy, and in
1784 he was
livingin Charles Street, St. James's
his studio
was
Square, where
besieged by the
his studies
commence
'
"Sir
Henry
as
Raeburn"
G
(1890),pp.
11-12.
82
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
fashionable
those
of
in 1810
"
will be
powerful competitor, he
I have
acknowledged as
the grave
to
whom
The
revived
were
Lawrence
hear
to
sorry
in
wrote
it,my
most
only (to
friends)
sinking
Hoppner."
my
rival,is I fear
my
of
I mean,
"
rival of Lawrence.
Romney
Hoppner.
and
You
of
daring plagiarist
and
Reynolds
of Lawrence
was
the boldest
and
Reynolds,
fadlions
He
crowd.
course,
was
"
pra6lisedart,
in
and
Gentleman"
the
to
"
Portrait
of
Re(5lor
Cleaver,
painted, was
to
but
he
in the
him
send
and
to
the
ship
entitled
true
780
the
"
the
sent
Royal
later he contributed
a
Academy;
Head
of
Gentleman."
of
friend
Italy. He
pictures he
that foundered
to
whose
had
home
him
A
sea.
and
helped
in 1790,
lost
were
fine
pifture,
The
years
John
portrait he
and
with
Rev.
Robinson
returned
at
two
Beggar"
The
Malton,
of
Portrait
**
"
FROM
Street, and
his in the
several
these
and
1788
the
is
Royal
portrait
National
Sir William
Herschel,
Nollekens.
(1761
Opie
mathematical
by
There
1800.
to
Nelson, Vancouver,
are
83
MILLAIS
occasionally at
National
in the
John
a
TO
exhibited
from
Academy
of
HOGARTH
uncle
an
claimed
"
bent
as
the young
for her
**
him
several
patrons, and
attention
obtained
soon
the
as
ling
travel-
the
He
known
was
was
attracted
(Peter Pindar).
Wolcot
Art, however,
he
and
own,
till he
portrait-painter
of Dr.
Isaac."
"
Cornish
Wonder."
told Northcote,
Reynolds
like,
was
in one.*'
like
Why,
"
Burke,
etc.
On
Exeter
native
to
Samuel
gave
that tuneful
to
short
Jackson
Drummond,
at
the
to
the
swain
him
laurel
I form
and
a
the
head
shone
Sun.
it,
on
sonnet"
praftisedas
time
wrote
bred.
diamond,
him
Royal Academy
He
Opie.
for
tin mines
Chamberlain
of the
sat
that matchless
"
William
was
formed
Whilst
of
William
genius,like her
secret, tillchance
Tis
who
Cathedral, Wolcot
Opie
Velasquez
and
Caravaggio
portrait of
"
Whose
what
his
organistof
asked
the celebrities
Amongst
were
who
afterwards
dent
stu-
pupil
and
portrait-painter,
a
Hull.
A.R.A.
on
employed for some
years
Magazine." His
European
De Winter"
Duncan
receivingthe sword of Admiral
His
Isamis at Greenwich.
portraitsof Sir Marc
Brunei
Mrs.
and
bard
Fry are in the National
Portrait Gallery.
**
84
historical
Joseph, A.R.A.
(1764 1846)
and in 1834
a
portrait-painter,
Francis
George
portraits
"
pra6lisedchieflyas
he died.
he retired to Cambridge, where
by him of Spencer Perceval, painted from
Henry
day
Raffles, are
Gallery.
(1766
1839) had
Singleton
his
mask
Portrait
National
in the
in
of Sir Stamford
taken
Portraits
his
of
account
on
fame
some
"
historical
pictures.
of 1867 his
Kensington Exhibition
of James Boswell, wife and three children
portraits
Sandby, R.A. (No. 516),and
(No. 549), Thomas
the General
Assembly of the Royal Academy with
in the
Chair
West
President
(No. 520), were
is in the
His
shown.
portraitof Earl Howe
National
Portrait Gallery.
Gainsborough
Dupont(i767
1797), maternal
he
of
Thomas
Gainsborough (whom
nephew
the Royal Academy.
His
exhibited
at
assisted),
South
the
In
"
chief
work
was
group
for which
Trinity House,
is
in the
now
of
P.R.S.A.
in
Overmains
at
he
Room
Watson,
George
born
Court
of
the
;^5oo. It
the Corporation.
(1767 1837) was
"
Berwickshire,
afterwards
He
maintained
and
an
the
received
after
and
elementary instru6lion
receiving some
London
and
to
came
Nasmyth
Reynolds's studio.
of
Masters
ander
Alex-
from
painted
in
settled in Edinburgh
honourable
rivalrywith
Raeburn.
Brown
Mather
England
in
born
America,
when
and
studied
young
considerable
He obtained
West.
under
patronage
and
HI.
and
as
a
Queen
portrait-painter, George
but
to
came
Caroline
were
his sitters.
among
He
continued
to
had
deserted
his powers
him, and pictures
him.
around
accumulated
C. R. Leslie, R.A.,
paint after
visited
number
in
his
that he
had
him
decay,
on
and
his hands.
remarked
His
on
the
portrait of
FROM
HOGARTH
85
MILLAIS
TO
John Howard,
Popham
Jodge Duller,and Admiral
National
Portrait Gallery.
R.A.
Owen,
(1769 1825) was
in the
are
William
"
Charles
pupil of
of
notice
Cotton,
He
Reynolds.
the
painter to
appointed portrait-
was
of Wales
Prince
the
attracted
R.A., and
in 18
wards
after-
and
10,
Prince
principal portrait-painter to the
He
refused
Regent.
knighthood, although his
income
average
is in the
Sir
of
him
portraitby
National
ThoxMas
his
was
Bath, which
and
fashion
was
the
we
learn
one
of that
P. R.A.
that after
him
(1769
When
studio
at
favourite
city.
We
of himself
fascination
pressed
poet
Gallery.
long triumph.
a
Rosslyn,
of
with
the
was
Earl
year.
in contaft
came
old he had
years
;^3,ooo
Wedderburn,
Lawrence,
all who
career
be
to
Portrait
fascinated
twelve
said
was
2,
resort
"
1830)
him, and
he
was
Alfred
Place,
of the
beauty
how
guess
and of his art
can
great
when
**
with
commenced
and
men
however
leave
women
are
contented
the
assistants
but
some
and
satisfactory,
favour.
at
This
Christie's
trulyexcellent.
to paint the face
of the
rest
is
on
Lawrence,
pictureto
be
of his work
fashion
has
was
now
faces
his
He
with
was
of
often
skill and
finished
by
his
in every
way
turned
in his
86
HISTORICAL
PORTRAITS
"
He
allowed
was
and
expenses
the
;^ 1,000
paid
was
for
tingent
con-
terms
for
year
his usual
portraits.
Lawrence,
not
contented
we
read
be
"
of
this
date
hitherto
"Mr.
branch
in this
of the
as
the
with
art
Satan
is
attendant
fiend
Beelzebub
poet
framed.
.
Satan
it ;
answered
my
thought
a
are
second
success
accident
path
strong.
circle of
my
in
with
My
taste, and
he
school."
to
motives
fortune;
no
the
of
this formance
perthe
among
painter
Lee
"
The
attempting
longer
if I have
it is because
honour
are
and
in
of
mind
The
Miss
portraitswill
claims
the
whole
the
wrote
secret
or
that
and
Lawrence
Mr.
The
success.
is all that
English
well satisfied,and
was
greatest
Upon
place
must
truly sublime,
figure of
the
been
portrait-painter
; he
pi6luresoared into the higher
chiefly known
has, however,
has
Lawrence
my
be
trod
limbs
acknowledged by the
undisputed by competitors
are
FROM
HOGARTH
rivals."
and
"it
was
damned
devil/'
He
he
as
Bristol
by
Martin
Sir
from
paintings.
now
appears
on
the
leading to
inclined
to
with
agree
in Dublin
born
was
he
He
Burke.
and
in
Lawrence
succeeded
and
London
Reynolds
to
published verses
"
to
came
introduced
was
(1769
P.R.A.
Shee,
Archer
1788, where
8 14,
will be
at
criticism.
Fuseli's
his
pi6lureas it
Royal Academy
Gallery,
Diploma
taken
was
of
rock
rence
Law-
taken
position on
Satan
from
for
was
had
he
this
the
at
of
rowed
bor-
friends, but
which
the
was
there
two
wild
not
see
staircase
1850)
and
who
Those
the
said
not
idea
consequence
idea
his
himself
in
the
that
sketch
stood
that
Fuseli
the
In
between
proved
Fuseli
further
him.
coolness
Fuseli, however,
thing certainly,but
added
from
time
friend
His
87
MILLAIS
TO
1805, 1809,
President
as
in
by
and
of
of the
in 1830;
this union
Royal Academy
low
in his professionwith a very
highest honour
poetic position,gave rise to an uncomplimentary
epigram :
the
"
See
The
Thomas
Denman,
himself,
of
"
is all astonished
world
portraits of
His
"Gentleman"
is also
colleftion
William
Henry
"
fine
of
IV.
the
National
in the
as
at
him
is Sh^e /
"
Pi6lon, Lord
dramatist, and
of
Portrait
the
Gallery, and
marquis in the
Gallery.
of the
Royal Academy,
Windsor
Howard,
So
National
portraitby
the
Poesy
Thomas
Lewis
Hour
Midnight
Sir
Morton
in the
are
sister
her
Paintingcrowns
queen
and
There
in the
one
of
Castle.
R.A.
(1769
"
1847)
1790
the
he
was
gained
Royal
exhibited
88
HISTORICAL
considerable
There
number
are
Flaxman,
and
Portrait
PORTRAITS
of
Mrs.
Trimmer
in
National
the
Gallery.
George
Clint,
A.R.A.
**
**
**
"
London
in
1786
and
became
At
first he
which
in
he
portraits of
Faraday, Lord
all of which
in the
are
Saxon
the
Royal
settled
years
about
of
time
Sir
in
in
Wilkie
born
was
His
Walter
best
and
In
He
work
the
Gallery,
John
Clark
Sir Richard
Scottish
in the
London
portrait
large dog, with a
it was
engraved by
is in
Portrait
^^
is his
1803
in
died
holding
landscape background (1 805)
His portraitof
James Heath.
of Eldin
tised
prac-
for several
afterwards
known
Scott
National
Gallery.
is in the National
1795-96.
Edinburgh, and
St. Petersburg,
181 7.
Portrait
exhibitingportraitsat
in
Academy
Burdett,
Manchester
at
London,
in
Sir Francis
National
Sir David
portraitof
Gallery.
for
and
Thurlow,
His
James
the
at
attempted historical
afterwards
took
to
portrait-painting,
He
painted
gained great success.
William
Blake, Byron, Chantrey,
Royal Academy.
subje6ls,but
student
Phillips
and
National
one
of
trait
Por-
Gallery.
a
pupil of
(1777 1839) was
James Lonsdale
himself with great success
devoted
He
Romney.
Street
and took the house in Berners
to portraiture,
He
of
where
was
one
Opie had formerly lived.
"
FROM
the
founders
Several
HOGARTH
of
of his
Society of
portraitsare in the
1
"
he
British
Artists.
National
Portrait
the
Gallery.
John Jackson, R. A. (1 778
of his boyish associates.
His
whom
89
MILLAIS
TO
83 1 ) drew
father
portraits
a
was
tailor,
ness
apprenticed,and through the kindof Sir George Beaumont,
enabled
he was
to
leave a business
he disliked
and
to
study at the
He first exhibited
there in 1804,
Royal Academy.
to
between
than
was
which
and
year
830 he exhibited
less
no
a
pi6lures. He was
Wesleyan, and for
gelical
Evanexecuted
the monthly portraitin the
years
Magazine/* Although a first-rate artist he
did not charge more
than fifty
guineas for a portrait,
and
is supposed
than
have
made
not
to
more
;^i,500 a year by the practiceof his profession.
His
finest female
portraitis that of Lady Dover,
his best
and
man's
portrait that of Flaxman,
At the Academy
dinner
painted for Lord Dover.
145
**
in
1827
Lawrence
pi6lure which
himself
own
chara6lerized
born
in 1801.
spent
South
He
went
Associate
ablest
In
and
Paris
in
his native
to
in the
(1780
Emperor
to
Alexander,
was
In
Russia
and
"
18
as
became
on
18, and
His
portrait
Gallery.
one
of
the
0*Neil
and
18
an
assistants.
(1781
R.A.
in
Portrait
Lawrence's
in colours
went
to
afterwards
ele6led
was
country.
1859)
"
engraver.
portraitof Miss
he
proud
(1779 1843)
to
England
1804 ^md
National
mezzotint
8 19
came
Italy. He
Royal Academy
Dawe,
engraved
"
in
of Sir Thomas
charming
was
to
Lane
George
as
Carolina
years
of the
returned
finally
of Coleridge is
Samuel
A.R.A.
Allston,
in
four
felt
"
as
author/'
the
Washington
was
have
might
Vandyck
latter
the
the
painted
which
Juliet,
very popular.
invitation
400
of the
portraitsof
90
HISTORICAL
Russian
St.
at
of these
officers.
PORTRAITS
galleryin
ere6led
Petersburg was
portraits.
Thomas
Stewardson
the
Palace
Winter
for the
exhibition
a pupil
1859) was
of Romney,
and first exhibited
at the
Academy in
He was
1 804.
to Queen
appointed portrait-painter
Caroline.
His portraitof George Grote
the historian
is in the National
Portrait Gallery.
Sir
William
Allan.
P.R.S.A., R.A.
(1782
in
born
1850) was
Edinburgh, but after being
in that city,came
to
apprenticed to a coachbuilder
London
of the
to
study in the schools
Royal
He
burg,
subsequently settled in St. PetersAcademy.
where
he painted many
turned
reportraits. He
dent
Presito
Edinburgh in 18 14, and became
of the Royal Scottish
Academy in 1838. On
(1781
"
"
Wilkie
death
in Scotland,
by
himself
he
and
was
William
1842.
to
the
His
queen
portrait
National
portraitof Scott in
painted in 1832, is in the
Henry
in
knighted
is in the
His
limner
made
Gallery of Scotland.
his study at Abbotsford,
National
Portrait Gallery.
Pickersgill,
R.A.
(1782
portrait"
"
HOGARTH
FROM
Ramsay
James
TO
(1784
"
MILLAIS
1854)
commenced
and
in London,
pra6liceportrait-painting
sitters.
eminent
exhibited
He
to
had
many
at
retired
in
He
to
Royal Academy
1803.
Newcastle-on-Tyne in 1847, and died in that city.
is in the National
His portraitof Thomas
Bewick
Portrait Gallery.
the
a
(1787 18 19) was
pupil of Lawrence, and a highly successful portraitthe painting of the
painter. One of his feats was
portraitof a Mr. Hare after his death, although he
He
him in the street.
is chiefly
had only once
met
of the Kemble
remembered
family
by his portraits
Trial of Queen
Katharine"
in the piftureof the
in the play of
Henry VHL"
Sir
Gordon,
R.A., P.R.S.A.
John Watson
native
of Edinburgh, and
a
(1788 1864) was
settled there
as
a
painted
portrait-painter.He
in 182 1, John Wilson
in 1822.
Lockhart
Scott and
Many distinguishedEnglishmen visited Edinburgh
of them
in order to be painted by him, one
being
He
David
Cox.
began to exhibit at the Royal
in 1827, and
painted Dr. Chalmers's
Academy
He
was
appointed queens
portrait in 1844.
in Scotland, and
limner
was
knighted. In the
National
Portrait Gallery there are portraitsby him
De
of the Marquis of Dalhousie,
Quincey, John
Henry
George
Harlow
"
**
"
"
Wilson,
in the
Sir
and
David
Brewster,
and
are
National
John
Glasgow,
Gallery of Scotland.
Partridge
(1790 1872)
several
"
and
came
under
to
Thomas
London
was
about
Phillips,R.A.
Italy he settled
born
18 14
at
when
After
he
studied
few
in London
years*residence in
was
a
highly successful.
portrait-painterand
was
appointed portrait-painter
extraordinary
Several
of his portraits
in 1845.
the queen
Portrait Gallery.
in the National
as
He
to
are
portraits
historical
92
1844)
(1793
from
exhibited
regularlyat the Royal Academy
18 14 portraits and
historical
ture
subje6ls. His picof
board
the
Howe
on
George HI. and Lord
His portraitof Admiral
Vi6lory is at Greenwich.
Sir Edward
Portrait
Codringtonis in the National
Dulwich
Kemble
at
Gallery, and that of Charles
Mrs.
is an
excellent
likeness.
and
John Kemble
Henry
Perronet
Briggs,
R.A.
"
**
"
Siddons
Sir
also
sat
to
George
him.
Hayter
'*
**
of
the
first
National
Portrait
Mrs.
wife
Prints
in
the
the
Carpenter
(1793
Carpenter, Keeper
Museum,
painted
of
Sarah
of W.
in
are
Gallery.
Margaret
1872),
Parliament*'
Reformed
H.
British
"
the
large
being
of
"
Erskine
]oHN
in oils in the
Graham
National
Gilbert
Gallery.
born
1866) was
Portrait
(1794
"
he entered
to
London, when
Glasgow, and came
he
the
Schools, where
Royal Academy
gained
hibitions
portraitsto the exprizes. He contributed
many
to
went
1 823, and
1 820Italy,where he
spent two years in study. He settled in Edinburgh
in 1827 and
obtained
a
good pra6licein portraitGorpainting. His portraitsof Sir John Watson
at
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
94
in Bruton
Sir
born
in
London
to
came
He
1842.
took
Briggs'shouse
Street.
Box
William
Oxford
at
R.A.
all,
and
(1800
Schools
the
entered
1879)
"
was
of
the
in 1827, and
He
went
to Rome
Royal Academy.
Director
He
two
was
stayed there about
years.
of the National
Gallery from 1865 to 1874, when
he resigned owing to ill-health,
and was
knighted
in 1867.
He
exhibited
86 portraitsat the Royal
The
Portrait Gallery contains
National
Academy.
his portraitof Copley Fielding,and that of Richard
is in the Diploma Gallery of the Royal
Gibson
Academy.
1870) painted portraitsin
John Wood
(1801
is a portraitby
of Lawrence.
There
the manner
in
National
Portrait
him
Britton
the
of John
"
Gallery,and
Sir
one
Edwin
of Stothard
at
Dulwich.
Landseer
R.A.
(1802
1873)
"
some
the well-known
asked
answered
do
this
**
Is
pi6lures"
and
"Ascot
"
being
for
justification
is sufficient
Grant,
R.A.
(1803
for many
P.R.A.
Breakfast
Hunt,"
at
Melton,"
contain
"
his
"
"
years
(1803
in
on
thing?"
Francis
list,but
his
being here.
Prescott
Knight,
John
and was
was
a pupil of Clint
portrait-painter.
Sir
in this
name
have
to
Landseer
see
Melton
its
1881)
a
cessful
suc-
1878)
celled
ex-
favourite
Hunt,"
of
large number
Portrait
Gallery are
Campbell, Sir Edwin
a
HOGARTH
FROM
MILLAIS
TO
95
Macaulay,
Hardinge, Lord
and
Grant.
Sir J. Hope
his brother
A.R.A.
Thomas
Duncan,
1845) studied
(1807
Sir
in the Trustees'
Edinburgh, under
Academy,
Allan.
His portraits,
William
especiallyof female
much
beauties, were
portrait
appreciated. His own
Gallery of Scotland.
by himself is in the National
Stephen
Catterson
Smith, P.R.H.A.
(1807
an
1872) was
Englishman by birth, and a student
of the Royal Academy,
but he settled as a portraitin Dublin, where
painter in Derry, and afterwards
is in the
he
His
died.
portrait of the queen
Viscount
Landseer,
"
"
Dublin
the
City Hall,
the
Castle.
of
Daniel
0*Connell
in
of various
Lord-
Lieutenants
in
House,
Mansion
and
of
him
portrait by
the
Earl
of
Royal Society.
R.A.
George
Richmond,
(1809
a
1896) was
produced
reportrait-painterof great charm, who brilliantly
P.R.S., is
Rosse,
at
the
"
his time.
between
features
of
He
is said
to
have
Cardwell,
most
of the
great
drawn
and
have
of
men
painted
of
portraits,hundreds
been
engraved. His portraitsof Lords
and
Cranworth,
Hatherley, as well as
and
2,000
which
some
the
heads
in
3,000
chalk,
Gallery. Many
in
are
of his
the
National
Portrait
in crayons
portraitsare
and
water-colours.
Daniel
R.A.
Maclise,
(181 i
1870)
"
historical
well as an
as
portrait-painter,
painter and his two grand pi6lures
and
"
"
of
and
Wellington
"The
Death
and
of
Blucher
Nelson"
after
"
was
contain
subje6l
The
ing
Meet-
Waterloo"
portraits.
also
of
name
produced under the assumed
Alfred
Eraser s Magazine
markable
reCroquis, for
a
of portraits of the literaryand
series
of his day.
scientific men
Samuel
Laurence
intimate
1884) ^m
(1812
friend of James Spedding, was
brought into close
He
"
*'
"
96
HISTORICAL
relations
with
of whom
were
Charles
the
PORTRAITS
literarymen
among
Lucy
(1814
"
commissioned
1873) ^^
to paint portraitsof John
Cromwell,
and
bequeathed to the
South
Kensington
Sir
William
Frederic
Boxall
Garibaldi.
nation, and
Disraeli,
These
are
now
were
in
the
Museum.
Burton
as
Hume,
Dire6lor
(b. 1816)
succeeded
of the National
Sir
Gallery
resigned
"
"
"
"
"
"
FROM
Here
ends
this
and
HOGARTH
the
be
the
of
proper
in the
changes
in England.
portrait-painting
has
calendar
formed
of
artists
school
and
After
him
existed
portraitpainters,
place to sum
up
artistic history of
The
early history
therefore
the consecutive
Holbein,
with
commences
affe6led
which
9/
MHXAIS
catalogue
to
seems
TO
for many
series of
all his
who
poraries,
contem-
years
long
foreignersfound this
a
profitablefield for their labours, but
country
the larger portion of the
although they obtained
pra6lice, Englishmen were
ready to fight for a
place. In miniature
painting Englishmen always
and
held the first position,
Hilliard was
the earliest
the
prominent English painter. Vandyck was
greatest painterEurope had lent to England since
the days of Holbein, and, like Holbein, he founded
school
which
influenced
a
succeeding painters.
excellent native
Then
arose
some
painters as, for
a
and
instance, Dobson
Vandyck
there
Walker.
the
time
of
was
the
not
Lely was
(except in a few
It is difficult
Lely.
revivals
From
understand
to
how
artistic
arise
entirely
from
without
of some
the advent
warning
genius
he
sometimes
is
followed
or
expe6lation,and
by
other geniuses, but the appearance
after a period
of darkness
of such paintersas Hogarth, Reynolds,
remain
explained,
unever
Gainsborough, and Romney must
for no natural laws apply here.
of the eighteenth
We
of the deadness
hear much
century, and of the revival originatedby the French
come
Revolution,
revival
in
originated
middle
and
there
poetry
at
of the
that
was
time
can
be
no
doubt
largely caused
;
but
art
eighteenthcentury,
H
that
by hopes
revived
and
the
the
in
the
French
98
HISTORICAL
Revolution
killed
One
France.
method
whatever
men,
account
of the fame
that
see
are
of
left in
was
the
the
of
in dark
even
have
who
those
who
art
chronological
these
chapters is that the
on
likelyto be overlooked
the great ones, get a hearing,
in
adopted
we
little
advantage
smaller
and
PORTRAITS
times
torch
there
of
been
have
alight.
We
allow, however, that the English have
must
much
behind
in the
been
produ6lion of a
very
school
of painting. Little or nothing in the way
of subjeftpaintingwas
produced in England before
all we
and
After
the time of Thornhill
Hogarth.
say, there
may
given
removed
their
art
can
to
from
and
men
kept
doubt
no
artistic
for centuries
women
desired
have
been
have
of
large number
feeling. A
to
have
willingto
for the
has
Never
rate
there
painters have
This
now.
Clausen,
Hon.
Frederick
A.R.A.,
from
Herman
G.
Frank
many
R.
A.,
Herkomer,
the
Dicksee,
R.A.,
Frith, R.A.,
Arthur
Hubert
Holman
R.A.,
J. C. Hook,
Robert
W.
Lucas, A.R.A.,
Seymour
R.A.,
A.R.
first-
portraits as
on
Powell
William
Goodall,
so
markable
following reBramley, A.R.A., George
S.
John Collier, Arthur
Dickinson,
Fildes, R.A.,
when
working
seen
Frank
A.R.A.,
Lowes
Cope,
time
been
be
may
list:
Luke
been
Hacker,
Herkomer,
Hunt,
J.
Macbeth,
QuillerOrchardson,
William
R.A., Walter
Ouless, R.A., Sir E. J.
Poynter, P.R.A., Sir George Reid, P.R.S.A.
(who
has painted all the celebrated
of the last
Scotsmen
FROM
three
HOGARTH
Briton
R.A.,
K.C.B.,
S.
John
R.A.,
Tadema,
Henry
men
them
disdain
and
ideal,
lay
to
J.
J.
Alma
Frederick
Watts,
R.A.,
Tanworth
Wells,
R.A.,
for
aside
produce
Shannon,
L.
A.R.A.,
Few
for
us
portraits
all
cannot
be
these
of
none
the
time
of
but
portrait-painters,
exclusively
are
Sant,
James
Whistler.
McNeill
Abbott
James
the
George
Weigall,
Henry
R.A.,
J. Solomon,
R.A.,
Richmond,
R.A.,
Riviere,
Sargent,
Solomon
A.R.A.,
99
Blake
William
Sir
decades),
MILLAIS
TO
of
study
that
are
pi6lures.
Sad
that
list.
this
the
His
is
dead.
that
mention
brightened
his
by
brush.
the
and
portrait-painter,
his
works,
brother
can
is," and
be
feel
we
applied
how
on
John
Everett
his
his
we
Reynolds
appropriately
Millais.
our
of
that
the
1896,
was
of
with
the
numerous
portrait
his
and
to
he
on
do
of
Hook,
children,
remark
Gainsborough's
C.
and
produ6ls
to
Trumps,"
J.
beautiful
of
3rd,
several
think
so
that
last, and
only
we
are
Academician,
pi6lures
he
here
as
Hearts
*'
of
presence
is
worthy
seem
August
on
have
We
the
at
men
expatiate
does
it
alone
realize
to
to
to
closed
living
most
in
Millais
of
effort
but
worked
which
exhibition
included
stand
art
needful
that
he
of
painful
not
all feel
for
loss,
life
the
is
It
The
chapter.
it is
that
women
therefore
must
with
intertwined
of
name
this
of
end
chief
the
call
"
how
this
to
of
many
mind
various
remark
CHAPTER
PORTRAIT-PAINTERS
AMATEUR
Born
"
the
to
would
One
To
the
To
For
can
next
realm
Painture
near
adjoining
Dryden,
of
number
but
great,
who
the
courtiers
the
has
included
the
names
several
early
the
from
of
Marquis
Exeter
imprisoned
was
released
who
is
with
his
from
with
said
at
Walpole
many
slender
he
and
arts,
grounds,
painters.
the
Courtenay,
in
prisoner
father
this
advance
to
the
very
Earl
the
is
those
associate
to
was
and
Ode.
of
country.
"
He
the
amusement.
much
this
twelve
of
An
out
their
done
Edward
age
made
for
on
was
in
excellent
Painting,
amateur
as
old.
years
seven
be
age
book,
Devonshire,
of
Mary,
past
his
in
and
Anecdotes
**
Accomplished
Kiiiigreu'^
can
in
the
of
portrait-painters
not
arts
unfortunate
Earl
was
have
of
of
The
He
his
in
attempted
of
list
the
of
position
Anne
painting
they
that
It is true
Memory
amateur
small
followed
have
prey."
of Poetry
good
sway,
alluring
Mrs,
Arts
lay,
pious
Lad}\
sister
two
not
the
To
Young
The
and
confine
her
content
souls
stretch'd
province,
been
government
ambitious
she
have
should
she
mighty
young
plenteous
that
nine,
the
of
empire
thought
well
what
But
spacious
have
manage
V.
Tower
time
until
he
the
son
of
the
Tower
twenty-
was
of
Henry,
and
Devonshire,
and
mother
in
to
553
have
last
in
1538.
by Queen
wished
to
HISTORICAL
I02
PORTRAITS
Taylor
it was.
property
left the
it was
death
portraitto Betterton, at whose
bought
of the Temple for fortyguineas. At
by Mr. Keck
sale (it came
the Stowe
into
the possession of
the
Grenvilles
of
Eliza, Duchess
through Anne
of Chandos,
Buckingham, daughter of the Duke
who
possessed it for a time) it was
bought by the
Earl
for 355
of Ellesmere
guineas, and he presented
it to the National
Portrait Gallery in March,
in
Whilst
Betterton's
1856.
possession it was
to
a
copied by Kneller
as
Dryden, who
present
acknowledged the giftin the followinglines,written
between
and
1683
"
1692
With
His
to
soul
be
his
on
less, but
while
Epist,
Kneller
Yorkshire,
There
a
as
'tis a
several
In
painter.
read
we
To
xiv.
Kneller,
is now
worth Woodhouse,
at Went
copy
in the collection of Earl FitzWilliam.
are
Excellent
majestic face,
godlike man,
thy praise I write."
of his
inspiresme,
sight ;
my
I write
blessingere
look
reverence
Proud
his
I ask
awe,
With
before
references
Overbury's
A6lor," which
Hee
*'
to
affe6led
that
whether
question
chara6ler
is known
is much
Burbage's skill
to
to
refer
to
'*
An
him,
painting,and
him
make
of
excellent
an
his
player,or
*'
Mr.
Heber,
"
sad
Alas,
Collier's
1846, p. 52.
he
"
help
tragedian
's gone,
a6t my
And
skilful limner
Some
Some
'
read
we
Memoirs
to
that
grief
of
express
could
."
me
If not
my
woe
so.
the
best,both
limn
in
Shakespeare's
A6lors
Plays,"
PORTRAIT-PAINTERS
AMATEUR
IO3
in his book
Walpole includes Sir Toby Matthew
under
a
misapprehension, for his
piftures were
in letters.
In a letter from
the
merely included
Duchess
of Buckingham she tells him
to the Duke
that she
has
*'the pifture" which
not
yet seen
had drawn
of the Infanta
and sent
Toby Matthew
"
**
oven
Sir
William
Burlase
(of
is
to have
known). appears
he sent
Ben
Jonson, which
verse
commencing :
poor
of
some
"
this
which
he
The
"
**
But
poet
knows
Yet
when
are
he
of
all
The
to
black
but
and
but
draw
of
he
Had
date, and
Francis
paintersafter
seventh
baronet
made
Nicholas,
the
of
one
Holbein.
son
of
light.
would
place
artists
amateur
creditable
did very
made
him
to
be
of his
instead
Sir
by James I.,who
He
Lord
Keeper.
nephew.
would
portrait-
Bacon,
was
half-
Bacon
Nathaniel
Nicholas
the
he
supposes,
earliest
native
Sir
mistake
Walpole
what
been
been
have
Bacon,
verses
the face,
the
who
supposed
his
self
him-
Burlase."
interestingamong
Bacon,
likens
write
false
or
in
answer
white,
and
large heart
I will write
it."
ends
thus
can
friendship I would
Nathaniel
his
brother
Sir
paint, I
Unfortunately, Walpole
work.
the
"
colours,
flattering
posterity;
most
Sir
can
an
He
Painter
the
more
no
he
lettered mind,
To
as
to
hath
Ne
was
Poet
poet
size, and
own
Heidelberg.
at
you
his
on
it,
shew
returned
Jonson
remarks
the Tun
to
from
Ben
with
poet
know
thing
no-
or
portrait
the
to
I would
Ben,
To
painted
To
And
little
whom
the
eldest
entered
was
son
first
of
Corpus
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
I04
has
several
times
been
exhibited, and
his mother
he
is described
as
**
well
skilled
coronation
His
1648.
Charles
of
daughter
I., and
the
with
his
Bath
at
living in
was
heiress, Anne,
and
in
married
and
this
from
Grimston,
secondly Sir Harbottle
the Earl of Verulam,
owner
marriage is descended
of Gorhambury.
Edward
Norgate describes the
with
colours used by Bacon
enthusiasm, and
some
usefull and hard
writes, pinke which is colour soe
late deare
occasion
to
to
get good, as
gave
my
friend Sir N. Bacon, K.B.
(agentleman whose rare
excellent
disposition,whose
parts and
generous
serves
learning and great skill in this and good art, definde a
a
or
never
dyinge memory), to make
cousinell
P. Oliver
pinke, so very good, as my
excellent
(without disparagement to any the most
in this art), making proofe of some
that I gave
other
him, did highly commend
it,and used none
his dyinge day."
to
in his
Henry Peacham
Compleat Gentleman
(ofdrawing, limning,and painting,p. 126) writes:
in my
but none
deserveth
opinion, who
more
for his skill and
respe6l and admiration
praftice
**
"
"
**
herein
Suffolke
and
than
Nathaniel
Master
(younger
bountifull
sonne
minded
to
Bacon
the
Sir Nicholas
of Broome
most
in
honourable
Bacon,
Knight
AMATEUR
and
eldest
to
Barronet)
Peach
in oil,and
he
sat
in
ment
judge-
my
taken
is said
have
to
likeness
of
painted
James I. as
dinner.
Samuel
the
Butler,
the
that
Ralph
Durham,
**his
an
and
his
the
pencil was
Cooper."
1704), M.P.for
(1625?
Bart.
"
studied
artist,who
amateur
placed
Johnson
music
were
of
the inimitable
Cole,
was
amusements
been
and
Walpole,
reward
the
also
poet, has
painters by
painting,and
friendship of
Sir
himself
am
have
to
at
among
remarks
inferiour
not
skillfullest masters."
our
Henry
IO5
PORTRAIT-PAINTERS
under
second
of Sir William
son
ing, Norfolk,
was
deaf
and
of West
Gawdie
dumb,
and
Harl-
entered
self
him-
a
pupil of Lely, as he intended to become
ever,
professionalportraitpainter. On the death, howof his elder brother, he succeeded
to the family
when
he continued
the practiceof his art
estate,
amusement.
as
an
Evelyn refers to him in his
Diary under date September 7th, 1677, as follows :
There
din'd
this day at my
Lord's
[the Earl
some
handof Arlington's]
Sir John Gaudy, a very
one
but
quite dumb, yet very intelligent
person,
civil
so
by signs,and a very fine painter : he was
well bred
and
it was
not
as
possible to discerne
His
imperfeftion in him.
lady and children
any
as
**
also
were
morning
The
there, and
with
he
was*
at
church
in
the
sister
the
us."
Electress
Sophia
and
her
I06
HISTORICAL
Princess
PORTRAITS
were
"
the
Earl
of Craven.
Mary
More
of herself
the Bodleian
of
Earl
of this
Anne
her
to
verses
from
copy
hall
WhiteRobert
probably
Essex.
in
( 1 660
1674,
her
on
tion
presentaMore.
685),daughter
the Savoy, and
"
to
intended
be
to
supposed
Killigrew
of
traits
por-
presented
is said
is
but
More,
amusement
She
portraitwhich
Cromwell,
wrote
her
husband.
and
for
painted
of Dr.
Maidof
Henry Killigrew,master
of-Honour
of York,
Duchess
to
Mary of Modena,
was
a
bright and pure spiritin a corrupt court.
into
The
crabbed
Wood
warmed
was
Anthony
enthusiasm
of her accomplishby the consideration
ments.
He
calls her **a grace
for beauty and
a
for wit," and
there is nothing spoken
muse
adds,
of her, which
she was
not
equal to, if not superior."
Dryden, in the ode referred to at the head of this
enthusiastic
her portraitsof
on
chapter, becomes
the king and queen
:
**
"
The
Our
martial
For
not
hand
His
warlike
As
Our
content
Her
His
then
scene
call'd out
Were
express
the
his outward
queen
was
strook
part,
were
made
figuredthere,
appear.
so
bright,
could
of his heart ;
of fear,
devoid
when
look
image
phoenix
Beauty alone
Her
to
ere6led
With
in that
As
Before
train of heroines
beauty foremost,
In
These
said
are
if
but
such
from
hands
sacred
seen,
queen."
II. and
James
be
to
was
stands,
in rank, the
as
Mistress
so
lOJ
PORTRAIT-PAIXTERS
AMATEUR
his
have
Killigrew must
queen,
painted
of York.
Duke
and Duchess
they were
Jervas, the painter,instru6led Pope to draw and
wards
Murray (afterpaint. The
poet presented Mr.
Lord
Mansfield) with a head of Betterton,
is now
Caen
which
Wood.
It was
at
copied from
in the
Kneller
National
Portrait
s
portrait,now
Gallery. Pope also copied from Vandyck a head
of the
Earl
of Strafford, thought to have
some
merit.
He
Blount, which
painted a fan for Martha
Reynolds is said to have bought and lost. Writing
thrown
I have
to
Gay in 1 7 1 3 he says :
away
of
three
each
which
Swifts,
was
once
vanity,
my
of Montague,
two
Lady Bridgewaters, a Duchess
half-a-dozen
Earls, and a Knight of the Garter.'*
them
when
"
This
shows,
Tillemans
least,that he
at
Lord
Radnor
into which
some
strokes
which
Lady
The
Dorothy
of
Marquis
"
great
the
to observe.
appear
of this circumstance.
Savile,
Halifax,
Trimmer,"
Peter
in
engaged
was
industrious.
was
and
daughter of William,
granddaughter of the
married
the
archite6l
Earl
she
to
Burlington in 1721, and
appears
thoroughly sympathized with her husband's
for
the
said
A
to
fine
be
arts.
very
portrait
the
daughter of George
Lady Burlington,was
have
love
drew
She
successful
of
of
in crayons,
and was
in catching likenesses.
Princess
Amelia
II.),in hunting
shown
at
the
(second
cosfume,
Guelph
by
Ex-
I08
hibition.
and
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
The
is signed
D. Burlington/'
picflure
the portrait:
under
painter wrote
the
Let
"
**
others
Emilia
what
See
of
Another
the
seek
Maid
Royal
prize,
to
is in Saville's eyes."
has
a
Burlington's works
patheticinterest. It was a portraitof her daughter,
Lady Dorothy Boyle, who married George, Earl of
Euston,
died
in
her
distributed
mother
family copies of
of the Duke
the
Lady
**
She
the comfort
was
all who
delight of
the
admiration
was
married
"*
memory
the
and
and
She
delivered
1742.
picture drawn
death
by her
her
after
weeks
seven
by Pope
1724.
her parents, the
loth, 1741,
from
taken
in session
posthe following
angelick temper,
her beauty.
saw
misery,
May the 2nd,
was
affe6lionate
her
of all who
14th,
joy of
and
knew
06lober
of
Bovle,
the
May
with
written
been
Dorothy
**Born
tality,
bru-
have
to
She
the friends
to
of Devonshire,
said
inscription,
"
charafter.
odious
most
from
742,
and
the
of the
man
Lady
by
most
mother,
**
Dorothy
Burlington."
Another
accomplishment of Lady
Burlington
in paper,
been
the cutting of figures
to have
appears
mildly satirical :
respectingwhich Pope was
"
Pallas
Either
Nor
sure
sense
The
the
"
Pallas, you
But
do
and
once,
odd,
least
right thing,
goddess or for god,
work, nor play, nor paint, nor
sing.
not
for
"
The
vapourish
grew
would
She
name
"
"
"
taste
of
it hard
one
of Saville and
to
that
of
spoil
bears
Boyle."
no
HISTORICAL
and
Gray,
a
the
of Horace
friend
considerable
of
PORTRAITS
for
taste
art,
Walpole, possessed
and
painted portraits
of his friends.
some
Miss
Frances
the youngest
Reynolds,
surviving
his housekeeper, painted
sister of Sir Joshua, and
much
miniatures, and found
pleasure in copying
her brother s pictures. In 1758 Dr. Johnson wrote,
is much
Miss
in miniatures," and
employed
I sat for
twenty-five years later (1783) he said :
picture,a three-quarterpainted in oil, to Miss
my
Reynolds, perhaps for the tenth time, and I sat for
three hours
with the patience of mortal
born
near
**
**
to
seems
her
it
was
offended
think
mad
exa6l
it fine."
Miss
than
that
it
finished, and
The
she
them.
North-
*'
understood
Sir Joshua
nothing made
Reynolds s portraits,which were
imitation
Mrs.
declared
affirmed
as
she
"
pi6lures better
cote
last
At
bear.
to
Delany
of
out
Indeed, she
his
way.
else
everyone
laugh
so
an
was
He
said
and
him
biography
1788), whose autois most
a
interestingreading,was
very
and she copied very cleverly
accomplished woman,
these she painted
portraitsin oil. Besides
many
said to be good ; one
are
some
originals,which
of the famous
Duchess
of these was
of Queensberry Gay's duchess.
Diana
Beauclerk
Lady
(1734"1808) is wellknown
artist,for the reception of
amateur
an
as
whose
Walpole built a closet at
drawings Horace
a
Strawberry Hill. She made
drawing of her two
L' Allegro
and
II Penseroso,"
daughters as
which
was
engraved by Bartolozzi.
(1700
"
"
"
"
The
Hon.
Anne
Seymour
**
Dawson
Damer
BISHOP
HOADLY,
BY
MRS.
HOADLY.
(1748
1828), widow
"
a
a
and
Conway
well
was
John
cousin
known
as
an
with
the brush
proficient
well as with the chisel.
At Panshanger there is
pidlurepainted by her representingwitches round
bourne,
contains
cauldron, which
portraitsof Lady Mel-
amateur
as
who
Hon.
worthless
Marshal
Walpole,
sculptor,was
Horace
of
of the
of
daughter
Darner,
I 1 I
PORTRAIT-PAINTERS
AMATKUR
of
wife
of Devonshire,
Duchess
herself.
and
Countess
Margaret,
of
beautiful
the
first Viscount,
the
Lucan,
clever
was
Hoskins, Oliver,
copyistof the early miniaturists
and also painted some
and Cooper,
good originals.
Dr.
caused
Walpole praised her highly, which
"
"
Wolcot
him
address
to
"
Do
wisdom
Her
endeavour
By swearing
Lady
wife
was
of Sir
clever
Academy
been
has
William
the
as
son,
who
from
by her
Joshua
Sir
some
"
Venetian
said
had
he
to
in
portrait of
senator,
his
was
this
had
in vain
heard
the
portrait
the National
Crabb
attempt.
picturein
obtained
had
last
father.
his
the
at
now
exhibited
1802
for literature,and
art
Hazlitt
He
artist,and
Academy
refers
painter.
of London,
instru6led
was
assistance
an
as
Gallery,
:
R.A.,
Hamilton,
**
Royal
Robinson
368
"
Portrait
p.
She
made
life
of Lamb
fort
Bell, Sheriff
some
She
abandoned
He
court,
commenced
at
Thomas
had
Reynolds.
paintings,one
Rubens,
she
amateur.
brother, and
such
pay
of William
sister
Bell,
and
that
will not
1 don't
Ah
Lucan
Lady
to
not
thus
his
striven
to
patronage
Hazlitt
was
become
of Clarkmore
able
to
HISTORICAL
said
had
Titianesque
only
pleasure."
would
and
"
It
picture.
painted
latter
the
the
sion
expres-
in
use
con-
belonged
once
Mr.
of
with
last
to
to
portraits
Wordsworth,
the
now
is
seen
ever
is about
afterwards
and
have
had
this
certainly
likely
be
this
with
also
Titianesque
**
anyone
Hazlitt
Hazlitt
by
Coleridge,
And
one
some-
Lamb
of
portrait
it.
about
air
painter
living
any
this
that
painting
ne6lion
than
Titian
like
paint
PORTRAITS
Gillman.
J.
Hartley
being
to
Coleridge
destroyed
as
unsatisfactory.
The
last
is
Fellow
his
college
sixty-five
and
on
is
said
March
He
years.
friends
many
College,
Caius
and
to
have
who
Cambridge,
20th,
1845,
painted
the
distinguished
excelled
in
be
to
M.D.,
Woodhouse,
Thomas
John
of
portrait-painter
amateur
^^
^^^
portraits
tioned
men-
senior
died
^S^
of
contemporaries,
his
art.
at
of
his
CHAPTER
VI.
PORTRAIT
We
"
read
never
without
imagine
often
expression
recollection
and
in
these
as
Pine
There
^
sold
was
There
exhibition
for
the
the
of
on
the
for
the
his
two
of
three
of
Shipley,
Hermione.
the
but
admission,
the
among
logue
cata-
party
the
at
artists
after
continued
to
Society
Spring
Gardens.
of the
Pictures,
Sculptures,
Artists,
present
Encouragement
21st
all, and
portrait
as
to
the
his
760.
portraits
four
sent
Pritchard
One
1760.
or
in
and
Cosway
for
year
6d.
division
went
Society
Commerce,
for
year
Catalogue
Prints, "c.,
of
of
others
"A
was
Mrs.
under
Reynolds,
portraits by
charge
no
in the
works
Hayman
of
popular,
opened
Arts
130
III.,
eighteenth
the
was
by Highmore,
Richard
his
was
four
Cotes.
by
of
Historical
the
to
lively
became
exhibition
shown
three
of
exhibitions
Society
were
Wilson,
Garrick
and
the
here
crayons
of
corre"5l
minds
our
the
Institution),
half
second
public
were
among
the
in
man
more
Preface
"
{British
1820
in
keeping
We
person.
the
of
retain
we
appearance."
pi6lure
auspices
There
by
general
first
the
B.
actions
his
and
his
of
charadter
the
trace
individual
distinguished
any
resemblance
countenance
that
century
of
see
can
until
not
anions
to
of Portraits^
was
by
we
his
of
Catalogue
the
that
of
impression
It
desire
his
of
the
of
feeling
EXHIBITIONS
of
April,
I
exhibited
of
1760."
Arts,
of
Arts,
Out
Models,
at
the
of
the
hibit
ex-
and
this
Drawings,
Great
Manufadlures
Room
and
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
114
feud
the
grew
in
Royal
which
Academy,
tuted
insti-
was
1768.
in 1820,
when
British
the
183
fine
exhibited
portraitswere
at
Institution.'
Bacon,
interestingportraitof Sir Nathaniel
lent to this
already referred to (see p. 103), was
The
exhibition
series
the
Kit
of
William
Mr.
Cat
authorities
enough,
make
an
the
have
to
seem
for
excuse
valuable
the
Club
of
lent
Baker
thought
their
it
to
necessary
"
appearance
These
public as the
of the art
of painting, but we
could
could
omit
the best representation we
not
find of these men
of genius and good breeding.'*
In 1846
second
made
was
a
by the
attempt
British
Institution, when
hibited,
exportraitswere
215
but these were
not
exclusivelyEnglish.^
As early as 1 8 1 3 the Governors
of the Institution
formed
exhibition
of 143 pictures by Sir Joshua
an
Reynolds, and in the following year they opened
exhibition
of pictures by Hogarth, Richard
an
In
Wilson, Gainsborough, and
1823
Zoffany.
exhibited
sixty-four pi6lures by Reynolds were
;
in 1830 ninety-one pictures by Sir Thomas
and
are
portraits
highest specimens
.
offered
not
to
the
selection
of
Lawrence.
In
Sir
Reynolds, Benjamin
Joshua
Thomas
the
Lawrence
Royal
here
were
"An
Kingdom.
in
"
"the
"
Academy**
"
works
West,
last
three
the
and
Sir
presidentsof
exhibited.
was
of
There
Historical
Persons
1833
London
in
:
tinguished
Catalogue of Portraits representing disthe History and
Literature
of the United
W.
Catalogue
History, Literature,and
Bulmer
of Portraits
and
W.
of Illustrious
Art.
1846."
Nicol,
and
1820."
Eminent
Persons
Il6
HISTORICAL
read, and
PORTRAITS
of
made
be
interpretation
human
some
them."
Carlyle went
to
on
in
that
say
he has found
galleries
Flayings
Flayings of Marsyas, Rapes of the Sabines," but
of the earth ;
few, if any, portraitsof the great ones
how
exhibition
he then pointed out
of historical
an
portraitsshould be selected, and laid specialstress
should
of the catalogue which
the value
on
give
of the subjeft'shistory,connot
densed
only the essence
but also the history of
to the very
utmost,
the pi6lureas far as known.
he made:
in one
statement
Carlyle was
wrong
**
'*
unlike
Scotland,
history of
other
some
readable
very
countries, has
and
nature,
has
in 1795
Scottish
"
"
At
the
Art
in
Treasures
1857,
Exhibition,
effort
strenuous
in Manchester
held
was
never
national
an
engraved series of
published even
portraits" for John Pinkerton
published
an
Iconographia Scotica," and, in 1 799, a
Gallery of Portraits."
"
made
to
**
"
"
"
Cavaliers
many
buff and
Windsor
Lely
smile
armour
and
and
as
upon
Cunningham
Roundheads
Court
beauties
central
the
of
here assembled
are
Hampton
Kneller
(in the
and
cannot
of the
hall of the
heroes
of
note
in real
upon canvas.
vie with the
Restoration
that
Manchester
hibition)
Ex-
the
Civil
War."
which
he
explained the plan upon
thus :
worked
"In
coUeCling and arranging a
portraitgalleryof persons
distinguishedin British
PORTRAIT
history,or
II7
British
siduously
biography, I have sought asobtain
class of
to
specimens of every
(in Fuller s largeacceptation of the term) :
worthies
call the
to
EXHIBITIONS
illustrious
speftator
in
them
chronological order,
in
together
ceased
their
on
habits
canvas
dead
infamous
or
they lived,
as
and
to
the
group
friends
bring
wall, who
one
upon
before
have
long
*
sit
room.
together in the flesh in the same
In this portraitgallerythere were
386 piftures
in all, and
all the great portraitpainters were
colledlion
Besides
these there was
a
represented
of miniatures
and
lent by the Duke
enamels
of
to
Portland, the
An
Duke
Exhibition
of
etc.,
Edward
John
in
About
R.
A.,
period
of miniatures.
The
of the
works
fine exhibitions
held
in the
had
South
the
Society
exhibitions
formed
of Arts
of Sir William
Ross
of historical
miniatures
International
special
no
several
were
Kensington
The
1865.
there
Society
Two
and
arranged by
was
Alfred
and
R.A.,
1855.
this
leftion
Chalon,
James
others.
and
Drawings, Sketches,
of Pictures,
Chalon,
of Arts
of Buccleuch,
colle6lion
in i860.
Exhibition
of
were
in
Museum
col-
1862
of 1862
portraits,but
there
sion
picturesin the British diviby Hogarth, Reynolds, Gainsborough, Copley^
were
many
Raeburn.
also
were
In
the
portraitsamong
suggestion
Earl
that
Portraits
Boxall,
Shee,
Lawrence,
1865 the
National
the
among
of
Derby
series
should
of
be
There
etc.
water-colours.
made
loan
held.
I have
the
excellent
exhibitions
of
In his letter,
long thought
that a National
Portrait Exhibition, chronologically
arranged, might not only possess
great historical,
interest by bringing together portraitsof all the
eminent
most
contemporaries of their respective
illustrate the progress
but might also serve
to
eras,
dated
6th
May,
he
wrote
**
Il8
HISTORICAL
condition,
and
PORTRAITS
British Art.
periods,of
various
at
be
admit
to
My
portraits
either
artists, or
obscure
unknown
eminent
no
or
colledlions
in
many
about
scattered
and
ones
exhibitions
from
In
from
1867
the
and
i8cK);
of earlier
supplement
last exhibition.
the
in 1866,
than
in
866
2,842
the
for
months
of
Committee
result
three
that
with
years
exhibited
the
with
met
the
were
portraits
in
of
to
from
1868
threes
of the
reign
in
few
successive
in
1866
the end
to
52
to
of
with
held
were
success.
1 1
Lords
very
and
which, though
them,
part with
proposal
Education,
on
great
This
large
the
are
twos
of
for
them
willinglyspare
course,
country
there
houses,
in
would
of
exclusive
of
number
in the
exist
great
by
have, of
estimating, the
knowing, or
portraitswhich
may
am
persuaded that,
of such
many
individuals.
of
means
but
men,
1867, and
to
in this
included
portraitswas
exhibited
Avere
1,030 portraits
and
1867,
portraits
946
in 1868,
portrait
or
or
no
in
groups
less
the
three
years.
These
exhibitions
and
value, and
of
were
are
many
revived.
most
with
authorized
The
critics
care
to
were
the
and
portraits,
almost
portrait-painters,
The
catalogues of these
valuable
of these
used
revealed
indication
an
as
portraits. They
the
because
dispute
not
interest
greatest
of the country.
colle6lion of fine
riches
such
of the
were
the
so
forgotten,
exhibitions
the
of
must,
tion
reputa-
possessors
be
however,
compilers
ascriptionof
considerate, and
were
not
the lenders.
several
of
PORTRAIT
the
portraits were
and
attributed
EXHIBITIONS
with
This
painting them.
in respe6l to
Holbein, to
portraitspainted after his
It is
not
false
various
given.
In
a
Cabal
1866
party
of
Members
'*
as
party
if
few
years.
In
1868
Portraits
which,
has
the
has
held
was
be
described
within
the
the
of
next
Local
catalogue
Heath
valuable
**a
as
public benefit
Exhibition
Charles
Mr.
(No.
exhibitions
these
arranged
The
1867
Club"
great
Glasgow,
at
compiled by
been
be
"
described
was
Cat
be
senting
repre-
the
in
the
may
picture
styled
was
since
interesting
an
instances
two
Kit
passed
could
series
new
speciallyto
Dutchmen
it would
held, and
refer
to
musicians
of
^45)A generation
were
death.
exhibition,
of
attributed
were
Ministry"
exhibition
whom
but
ascriptions,
the
wrongly named,
had
nothing to do
especiallythe case
was
here
necessary
19
be
proved to
painters who
to
of
Wilson,
of
summary
the
was
of
and
there
portraitsamong
pidluresof British painters; but a new departure
made
by the colle6lion of 281 painted portraits
The
worthies.
Yorkshire
catalogue was
fixed
preextra6l
from
a
sermon
preached by
by an
Dr.
hath
and
shown,
George Hickes
pleased to make
nursery
of
in
many
were
some
1682, where
he
'*
says,
God
great
men."
birthplace
the
Among
natives
of
were
distinguished Englishmen who
Yorkshire
Sir Henry
Savile, John Wycliffe,
are
Dr.
General
Lambert,
George
John Gower,
Marvell. Dr. RadHickes,
Roger Gale, Andrew
Dr. Fothergill,
cliffe,Captain Cook, Dr. Priestley,
I20
HISTORICAL
PORTRAITS
Dr.
James
Paley, Flaxman,
Jesse Ramsden,
WilberMontgomery, John Jackson, R. A., William
The
force, the two
portraitsof
Scoresbys, etc.
in the
also
included
were
Archbishops of York
series.
In
annual
the
of old
of exhibitions
series
winter,
in
held
masters,
exhibitions
which
in
the
commenced
Royal Academy
the
1870
considerable
portraitshave been
A
shown.
general index to the catalogues of the
that during
exhibition
from
1870 to 1879 shows
of paintingsby
that period the following numbers
the great portrait-painters
exhibited
were
: Reynolds,
Vandyck, 126; Gainsborough, 103;
175;
Romney, 46 ; ^ Raeburn,
29 (twelve of these were
in 1877); Hogarth, 27;
exhibited
Lawrence,
14;
Opie, 14; Zoffany, 12; and Hoppner, 9.
the
works
of Charles
Of
special exhibitions
number
of
Robert
in
several
were
sele6lion
Holbein
of
In
in
1880
his school
and
1896-97
works
the
In
colle6lion
and
of the works
of Lord
President
Millais, late
was
exhibited.
were
which
among
and
this year
the winter
portraits,
the works
be entirely devoted
to
to
Everett
there
Callcott
W.
exhibited,
were
Edwin
Sir
there
1875
seleftion
choice
bition
exhi-
articles
532
of Sir A.
works
Maclise, and
of
works
among
portraits.
of the
Stanfield, R.A.,
in
the
to
R.A., and
Landseer,
and
1870,
devoted
was
D.
Clarkson
were
historical
important
Leighton's
were
few
exhibition
Sir
of
of
the
is
John
Royal
Academy.
*
Romney
Academy, and
"
in the
Romney
years
refused
Mr.
Walter
Dictionaryof
's
was
send
to
seen
on
of
Armstrong
National
the
any
his
works
the
Biography," says,
academy
to
walls
"
no
till 187 1,
Royal
painter
pi"^reof
sixty-nine
PORTRAIT
An
of the worksof
exhibition
R.A.,
06lober
in
was,
Edinburgh
National
much
attention.
R.
he
who
heretical
ago.
neither
late
about
too
for
these
who
lady
after
old
of my
of
great
of
quarter
glories of
said,
the
day
found
they
until I
see
none
into
went
"
all there.*
them
who
the
^
the first
last and
of the
Edinburgh
I could
who
story of
to
century,
present
Modern
people
I hear
"
other
of the end
men
The
two
chosen,
yet ancestors,
sixty years
Gallery,and
The
adds,
friends,'she
Raeburn
not
the
well
was
of
of
Scotchmen
early.
He
returned
absence
an
the
pi6lures are
Scotchman
the
moment
too
stillrelations."
are
Ladies/'
and
generation of good
and
among
nor
of
one
was
Lords
"
whole
The
attra6led
resuscitated
society was
to-day walked
generations
sat
Stevenson
and
a
1876, held
Gallery,and
L.
divines,
Henry Raeburn,
November
praises.
soldiers
"
wrote,
and
its
sang
Sir
and
in the
those
121
EXHIBITIONS
the
were
lived
Athens,"
again in
of one
the canvases
of Scotland's
greatest painters.
On
the walls of the Royal Scottish Academy
were
cipal
the faithful portraiture of Hugh
Blair, Prinseen
Robertson,
Scott,
John Playfair,Sir Walter
Francis
Jeffrey,Henry Cockburn, Francis Horner,
Sir
the
David
of
Some
Archibald
Brewster,
of
others
many
**
more
and
less fame.
or
Raeburn's
Constable,
miniatures
included
were
in
this exhibition.
In
1882
held
was
Worcestershire
interesting
an
Worcester.
at
Here
local collections
that
at
the
fine series
famous
of
the
town
county
one
was
that
had
Leeds
portraitsof
been
of
or
the
got
rather
city of
perfe6l
together since
most
Exhibition
in
Worcestershire
tion
Exhibi-
p. 206.
869.
worthies
122
HISTORICAL
hung
was
exhibition
of
on
PORTRAITS
the
walls, and
an
extensive
was
portraitsof
the
leading feature
and
Bishops
of the
collection
valuable
of Worcester
arranged
in
chronologicalorder.
The
Grosvenor
Bond
Street,
Gallery, in New
afterwards
winter
was
opened in 1877, and soon
exhibitions
the
were
10
arranged, in addition
In
exhibitions.
the winter
of
ordinary summer
collection
of
a
1 88 1-2
pictures by G. F.
204
Watts,
R.A.,
was
exhibited,
painter'sportraitswere
great
the
In
following year
piftures by L.
130
these
among
In
to
the
the
works
Alma
several
were
1883-4
there
of
was
exhibition
an
Tadema,
of
R.A., and
portraits.
exhibition
winter
Sir
of this
many
in the show.
included
and
Joshua
devoted
was
Reynolds,
which
of the
paintings, and consisted
and
famous
valued
most
examples of the master.
the
nine
portraits of the
pi6lures were
Among
that he painted
It is known
painter by himself.
it is proat least eighteen portraitsof himself, and
bable
that he painted more.
This
the
was
largest
of Reynolds's works
collection
gathered into one
of great interest from
gallery,and it was
many
view.
in a
ofof
Many
the;.pi6twreswere
points
of preservation, but
others
fine state
had
faded,
and one
a
pi6tureat least was
perfe6twreck.
In the following year
fine colledtion
of 216
a
exhibited, which
pi6tures by Gainsborough were
of landscapes as well as portraits. The
consisted
Duke
of Westminster
Blue Boy
was
s beautiful
of the painter's
here, as well as a large number
numbered
209
"
**
finest works.
In
of the
Sir
1886
Sir
Grosvenor
John
Lindsay and
an
Gallery formed
Coutts
Millais'
portraitspainted
works,
up
to
Diredtors
the
containing all
that
date.
of
exhibition
his
Here
finest
was
HISTORICAL
124
"
PORTRAITS
well
English) were
Galleries.
held at the Grafton
Holbein, My tens,
Lucas
de
Somer,
Heere,
Moro,
Vandyck, Van
Lely, Kneller, Hogarth, Allan Ramsay, Cosway,
Hoppner,
Reynolds, Gainsborough, Romney,
Shee, Harlow, Watts, Millais, HerkoLawrence,
**
Fair
Women
W.
mer,
With
respe6l
felt
have
to
and
Richmond,
B.
appear
(foreign as
as
more
many
doubts
some
for
historical
their
has
been
taken
the
to
direftors, however, do
The
there
As
**
are
possiblymore
ence
interest, their influ-
for their
its entire
to
as
sented.
repre-
direftors
title,the
the
to
were
beauty, some
title of the
know
not
tion
excepexhibition.
fixed
of any
standard
least, almost
at
person,
fair."
considered
In
held
1895
an
the
at
exhibition
Grafton
has
woman
every
been
Children"
of *'Fair
Galleries, and
was
such
here
celebrated
As
the
to
the
same
'
dire6lors
been
but
case,
without
they
inevitable
much
after
many
woman
thinking that every
they feel they are
present
have
suggestionsdecided on using
hibition
epithet as last year, and callingthe exChildren.*
Fair
If they were
right in
and
discussion
title,the
cannot
as
has
They
had
that
on
the
no
almost
help feelingdoubt
laudation
mirer,
ad-
one
doubly justifiedin
it is obvious
two.
least
at
child
written
as
part of the
whether
nurse
the
has
three,
the
is in
PORTRAIT
every
In
the
case
the
of
of
painters,
including
the
William
Aikman,
Scougall
(1654),
Martin,
Gordon,
Sir
George
P.
of
the
Society
the
above
complete.
this
exhibition
Galleries
Other
of
expression
winter
interesting
David
EXHIBITIONS
works
Sir
Daniel
Society
Miniature
(1653),
Sir
John
D.
Ramsay,
Watson
John
Phillip,
W.
Dyce,
etc.
be
Portrait
Painters,
of
Jameson,
Allan
Raeburn,
might
of
portrait-
George
Sanders
Macnee,
Chalmers,
list
of
very
Grafton
Scottish
Hamilton,
H.
the
at
old
the
Hercules
exhibitions
of
held
works
Gavin
(1895)
year
same
of
convi6lion."
honest
an
was
25
portrait
mentioned,
and
Painters
but
it
exhibitions
those
as
is
of
hoped
is
the
that
fairly
CHAPTER
VII.
PORTRAIT
"
has
It
in
pictures
whatever
refledion,
joyful
is
country
but
there
at
Louis-Philippe
left
him,
by
asunder,
in
attempt
all
attempt
of
groping
in
is,
hunting
Letter
to
Essays,"
Villiers,
George
formed
many
ally by
many
Peter
of
portraits.
the
of
Lely,
however,
real
he
as
into
the
was
by
owner
to
no
Scottish
cellaneous
Mis-
and
Buckingham^
among
were
required
the
which
were
sold
graduand
money,
of
possession
of
Vandyck-and
attempt,
inquire
of
the
gent
intelli-
the
("Critical
of
These,
portraits
first
Duke
duke,
by
like
129-137.)
piftures,
came
who
p.
of
second
them
vii.,
vol.
ist
colle6lion
valuable
The
1872,
dividual
in-
except
Exhibition
1854.
traits
porany
and
you
National
second
no
where
among
acquaintance,
fell
gallery
historical
were,
even
brave
discover
it
:
Laitig^
been
are,
can
as
manner
your
and
has
stand,
or
much
memorial
best
house
torical
his-
worth
made
they
knows
David
his
no
What
French
if
the
there
where
FrojeHofa
Carlvle,
"
Portraits^
but
(underground
among
see
matters
; but
desperate
learned
purpose."
As
man
of
way
proved
yet
as
of.
the
found.
Clarendon
;
and
no
almost
an
and
way
be
in
that
one,
to
not
have
might
England
them
and
I)
mole
can
did
England
hear
in
abound
in
Chancellor
for
sad
that
it
not)
kind
that
thing
coUecfted,
day.
one
in
such
Versailles
at
mournful
the
it is not
and
many
among
as
possessions
of
(for
exist
to
country
every
extremely
have
it is
hear
in
far
galleries
colle(5lions
national
ought
national
an
portrait
of
they
weight)
present
may
portraits,
(which
fa6t
cherished
and
popular
most
in
of
degrees
kinds
other
that
historical
that
me
all
worth
all
of
reasons
struck
always
transcend
COLLECTIONS
however,
large
Sir
number
others.
to
form
PORTRAIT
colle6lion
national
12/
COLLECTIONS
of
that
portraitswas
whose
the great Earl of Clarendon,
life was
for the society of eminent
that
**
to
say
himself
he
good
so
never
a
was
"
in the company
man
knew
world
the
who
made
choice
or
of
inferior, or
qualitieswere
superior to
he
degree
any
conversation
or
company
at
He
men.
the
was
"
worst
never
of
reputation in
delighted in the
those
who
in
himself."
used
thought
or
further, that he
and
arrive
man
when
as
man
by
through
taste
proud
so
made
their
much
guided
in the sele6lion
of his portrait gallery,
Clarendon
he
and
careful
obtain
to
was
good portraits of
if they were
also fine pi6lures.
not
even
great men,
Evelyn helped him with suggestions, and in 1667
list of celebrities
he
the
sent
a
arranged under
of
heads
three
Rather
*'
Politicians,Souldiers.'*
Learned,
Clarendon
later,when
had
I
in his Diary,
Evelyn wrote
Lord
House, now
Cornbury at Clarendon
bravely
of
furnished, especially with the pifturesof most
"
ancient
our
of the
learned
and
famous
Chancellor
Lordship
his
modern
and
The
Englishmen
I much
Lord
second
which
colle6lion
commended
Catalogue
of
more
Dartmouth
to
and
be
and
gave
added."
first earl of
of sharp
750) accused Clarendon
but little weight
prafticein obtaining his portraits,
is due to this lord's opinion, for, as Hallam
says of
whom
makes
him, he was
one
splenetichumour
no
good witness againstany one."
"
**
On
the
demolition
removed
pictureswere
Oxfordshire
succeeded
"
to
the
Clarendon
House
the
family
House.
Lord
to
Cornbury
title and
his extravagance
Executions
were
put
but
of
property
involved
in his
him
the
residence
of
in
Cornbury
his
father,
in difficulties.
house, and
several
of
128
HISTORICAL
the
sacrificed
portraitswere
others
saved
were
Henry,
Earl
of
of
Earl
the
by
Rochester,
between
arrangement
an
his brother
and
which
by
of the latter
The
creditors.
the
to
Clarendon,
property
elder
of the
PORTRAITS
ence,
Laurcame
be-
Cornbury
during
the lifetime
brother.
Henry, 4th
Clarendon,
of
Earl
more
even
was
now
are
in the
*'
The
possessionof
daughter
heiress
other
half
of Clarendon
at
Such
national
Earl
of the
of the
of
whose
Essex,
in
and
Hydes,
countess
1776
he
was
of Clarendon.
vicissitudes
the
are
Villiers,2nd
Earl
created
of the
the middle
of William
was
Earl
the
the
Grove,** Watford.
About
son
Castle, while
Bothwell
at
are
portraits,which
of the
is
noble
described
galleryof
by Lady
Lewis
Theresa
^*
It
was
":entury had
the
men.
made
until the
not
second
half of the
commenced
present
awoke
to
of its great
necessityof colleftingthe portraits
In March,
1856, the late Earl Stanhope
a
foundation
in
motion
of
the
National
House
of
Portrait
Lords
for
Gallery.
the
Pre-
PORTRAIT
COLLECTIONS
129
It
to
seems
obtained
that
me
if
at
were
space
once
Art
Commissioners
which
over
or
commission
new
any
on
concurred
your
It would
from
appear,
written
by Sir Charles
January, 1856, which
an
extra6l
Eastlake
from
letter
Lord
Stanhope
in
is printed in the catalogue
of the National
Portrait Gallery (1888),that the
from
the then President
originalsuggestioncame
Eastlake
of the
Sir Charles
Royal Academy.
I cannot
wrote
:
help wishing that a gallerycould
be formed
exclusivelyfor authentic likenesses of
celebrated
ence
individuals,not necessarily with referto
"
to
of the works
the merits
of
I believe
art.
with catalogues
gallery of portraits,
short
biographical
containing good and
be useful in many
and especinotices, would
ally
ways,
not
as
a
unimportant element of education."
that
extensive
an
In the debate
in the
of Lords
House
on
March
"the
to
secure
carefullyendeavour
unworthy persons." This
mistaken
view, and
one
been
adopted.
What
that
would
in which
be
"
persons
The
the
first
earliest
appears
exclusion
be
to
of all
a
very
happily,has not
strange historyof England
of
all account
unworthy
which,
"
omitted.
was
portrait of
the
purchase
Sir
Walter
donation
made
by
the
trustees
was
130
HISTORICAL
PORTRAITS
Chandos
Shakespeare,presentedby the Earl of
Ellesmere.
Temporary apartments for the reception
of the piftures
were
providedat 29, Great
George Street,Westminster, and the day of opening
for the public
the 15thof January,1859.
was
In 1869, when
amounted
the portraits
to 288,
the collection was
removed
the
at
to
longbuilding
South Kensington,
tion
exhibithe
which, during
great
of 1862,had formed the southern boundaryof
In this provisional
the Horticultural Gardens.
the gallery
of
remained tillthe autumn
building
Inn
1885. In 1882 the accessions from Serjeant's
and the British Museum
united with the
were
in chronological
order.
rest of the pi(!:l;ures
A small firein the Inventions Exhibition caused
considerable alarm for the safety
of the portraits,
and their temporary removal to the Bethnal Green
Museum
decided upon.
There theyremained
was
till 1895, when
removed
to the new
they were
in St. Martin's Place, presentedby Mr.
gallery
W. H. Alexander, which was
opened April,1896.
Several portraits
obtained duringthe ten
were
the
colledlion
remained at Bethnal Green"
years
and these were
housed in the lower
temporarily
in Trafalgar
at the National Gallery
rooms
Square,
in the temporary offices at 20, Great George
or
Street.
The new
is not very satisfaftory,
the
as
gallery
in some
of the rooms
and
is quiteinsufficient,
light
the amount
of space is inadequatefor the proper
the
of
have the
that we
colleftion,
so
housing
o
f
the
cult
is diffidire6lor
for
that
it
authority
saying
tions.
for some
of the most recent addito find room
In spite,
however, of the defers of the new
lection,
the Nation may well be proud of the colbuilding,
which forms one of the most instructiveand
exhibitions in the country.
interesting
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
132
has
devoted
been
the
to
of
.portraits
interestingcoIle"5lion
the University of Glasgow, where
those
which
formerly belonged to
There
Dr.
is
an
William
Hunter.
contains
London
advantage
Gallery.
be
are
transferred
to
celebrated
Gallery in
might with
National
the
Portrait
difficulties
however,
are,
portraitsin
preserved
the
portraitswhich
some
There
of
National
The
men.
Irish-
eminent
in
the
for the
way,
illustrations of the
of them
while
others
The
Lely
among
palace.
queens
"
fine
are
of
chief
valuable
to
Beauties," and
the
is
and
treasures
be found
series
in the
those
by Kneller,
are
this
charming old
of portraitsof kings and
colleftion of the Society
of
of
Antiquaries.
In
continuing, the
classes of portraitsin
references
the
order
to
the
in which
various
they
are
SIR
GEORGE
SCHARF,
K.C.B.,
BY
W.
W.
OULESS,
R.A.
PORTRAIT
in
I33
COLLECTIONS
the
"
or
less connected
Other
dioceses
and
Lambeth.
with
palaces
series of
contain
of
deaneries
and
the
portraitsof
the
various
bishops
deans.
The
said to form
are
portraitsat Chichester
are
complete coUecftion, but the early ones
very
no
authority,as they were
painted by Theodor
Dirk
Barentsen
century,
to
have
and
the
been
of
Inns
Bernardi)in
earliest authentic
that of
Portraits
different
(inLatin
lawyers
of Court, and
be
to
are
of
or
the sixteenth
likeness
is said
(1508-36).
Sherburn
Bishop
found
of medical
men
at
at
the
the
wich
At GreenColleges of Physicians and Surgeons.
tion
fine collecHospital is to be seen
a singularly
This gallery
of portraits of naval commanders.
form
founded
in 1823, and
to
it, portraits
was
Castle
and
taken
from
Windsor
were
Hampton
is no such
There
Court, the giftof George IV.
collection
of portraits of soldiers, although there
some
are
Hospital. Portraits
portraitsat Chelsea
of
soldiers
United
The
and
Service
sailors
will also
be
found
at
the
Clubs.
of scientific men,
and
portraits
of painters are
preserved at
many
the
fine colleftion
of
good portraits
Royal Academy.
PORTRAITS
HISTOklCAL
134
Oriental
The
contains
Club
series
of
of
portraits
Orientalists.
The
at
the
formed
famous,
old
and
there
aftors'
Oxford
It
School
old
curious
and
fine
the
The
of
the
noticed
be
It
Oxford
as
is
impossible
fine
colleftions
the
great
will
be
subsequent
to
to
give
of
chapters.
any
family
of
the
in
the
contents
some
Museum,
halls
leian.
Bod-
the
to
to
are
Colleges.
London
of
their
must
adequate
halls.
account
preserved
some
of
in
reference
but
country,
of
ber
num-
various
portraits
be
lodges
and
considerable
interest
mansions
made
City
the
Music
are
portraits
the
of
the
Cambridge
the
At
Schools.
There
in
possessing
of
portraits
of
to
of
and
of
colleftion
the
in
attached
is
preserved
companies
great
also
those
is
Ashmolean
collecflions
finer
various
the
in
Mathews)
portraits
attached
gallery
portrait
than
of
Library.
portraits
Few
found
Bodleian
was
Gallery.
preserved
years
many
the
at
Duhvich
collection
still
is
for
was
the
in
interesting
musicians
curious
which
of
Charles
also
is
portraits
an
older
elder
a6lresses
and
foundation
(the
the
by
atlors
of
portraits
Club
Garrick
that
of
of
gallery
of
these
in
CHAPTER
VIII.
SOVEREIGNS
**
Let
certainly
find
it
read
man
never
The
by
demand
them
of
of
produ6lions
other
and
which
from
of
value
from
reigns
of
he
VI.,
Henry
Vn.,and
the
of
President
his
of
See
Scotland
Chapter
at
the
little
after
the
the
Palace
the
"
first
or
as
apocryphal
is mentioned.
he
and
of
James
In
short
of
wrote
7th,
1773,
West,
I
and
V.
Henry
Henry
V.,
April
pictures
his
of
VHL,
on
of
Anecdotes,*
Holyrood
being
of
are
Henry
property
families,
II., where
ending
long
proud
Society
Royal
my
mencing
com-
from
they
represent
Cole
of
portraits
and
interesting
very
pictures
two
in
the
their
and
VIII.
sale
of
Conqueror
Henry
William
Rev.
coins,
on
Alleyn,
painted
was
to
re-
monarchs.
these
supposed
respecting
bought
of
series
Edward
been
many
merely
heads
otherwise
but
but
purely imaginary.^
are
Walpole
which
the
are
and
kings
being
are
the
having
Horace
by
person
supply,
some
These
I.
most
will
he
same
early
our
tombs,
by
William
antiquity,
some
to
while
purchased
Mary
kind
that
the
value,
on
College
with
with
little
figures
sources,
were
of
produced
very
Dulvvich
At
of
pidlure
and
Clarendon,
in
painter
portraits
naturally
are
Lord
my
Richardson.
for
has
queens
COURTS
in
better
seeing
Jonathan
"
THEIR
charadler
there
was
improved
Vandyck."
AND
Henry
which
the
series
have
is
graved
en-
catalogue
of
the
Kings
136
HISTORICAL
says,
engraved by
described
second
and
last
the
there.
guineas.
marriages of Henry
of
Gothic
the
House
house
H.
Mr.
"S4y though
it for six
suite
PORTRAITS
But
VI.
of
The
I knew
Walpole/
first
Mr.
in fa6l these
cost
West
two,
the
and
/^^S
me
bought
with
my
such
VII., compose
enrich
Lancaster, and
and
my
**
**
"
Walpole's
"
Letters,"ed. Cunningham,
138
HISTORICAL
pifture,and
Painting," as
his family.
PORTRAITS
Anecdotes
of
engraved in the
is the painting of Henry
VII.
and
It was
bought for ;^200 by Henrietta
of Pomfret, and
Louisa, Countess
hung for some
The
Neston, Northamptonshire.
at Easton
years
Earl
of Oxford
(according to Walpole) offered
not
cepted
ac;^500 for the pifture, but his offer was
Walpole bought it at Lord Pomfret's
; and
sale for ;^84.
Mr.
J. Dent
bought it at the
Strawberry Hill Sale in 1842 for ^178 10^., and
Dent
of Sudeley lent it to the Tudor
bition
ExhiMrs.
in
**
is
1890.
is
This
queen
Apostle,and
Canterbury.
have
arms
Mr.
Cust
madonna
been
to
be
for St.
intended
Thomas
the
of
figure for St. Thomas
It is probable, however,
that the
been
added, and the figuresconverted.
believes
been
the original to have
a
and
painted
the
other
saints, of which
the
central
part has
out.
several
Katharine
to
the
of
Tudor
Aragon.
Mrs.
Exhibition,
Dent
but
in
lent this
the
pifture
description
SOVEREIGNS
The
and
THEIR
COURTS
39
asserted
**
AND
:
ascription,and wrote
being four replicasin England
fa(fl of there
not
the
favours
figuresare
those
There
can,
however,
is
correal, and
Scharf
abroad
one
of
accepted.
By far the most
early kings is the
possiblyis
of the portraits
of our
interesting
beautiful full-length
sittingfigure
which
II. in Westminster
Abbey,
of an
the work
English artist. It may
almost
said
of
Richard
be
that
historical
English
is the
this
portraits,and
very
instructive
chief
particularsthat
it will
its
as
well
be
valuable
most
history is
the
down
set
to
of
this
picture.
It appears
been always highlyappreciated,
to have
not
although it was
always treated with the care
that it deserved.
it in
alludes
to
John Weever
his
Ancient
Funerall
Monuments
(163 1),where
he writes :
That
beautiful
pi(5tureof a King
crowned
in a chaire of estate
at
sighing [sitting],
the upper
end
of the quire in this church
minster
[WestwitAbbey] is said to be of him, which
nesseth
how
he was
in outward
goodly a creature
of
known
are
"
**
**
lineament."
In
17 18 Vertue
portrait,but it was
made
engraving of this
a
copied from
drawing taken
by Grisoni (then in the possession of John Talman)
and
direft from
the pidlure. John Dart
not
produced
rethis engraving in his
tiquities
History and Anan
**
pidure
the
of the
Abbey
and
stated
that
backs
mistake
of
not,
when
Soon
the
his
part
that
of St. Peter
**
House
the
Lords
picture was
minster,"
West-
of
the
defaced
by
stall,which,
if I
is much
fill that
of
s,
description
usuallythe place of
the
afterwards
in
lower
those
is
Church
the
Lord
cellor
Chan-
repair
hither."
restored
and
its
HISTORICAL
140
beauty destroyed by
PORTRAITS
Captain Broome,
one
print-
seller.
The
was
original pi(flure
on
placed
and
ground,
gesso
painted
this, which
coarse
has
now
in
pera
tem-
pure
oil
painting
happily been
The
the pi6lure
removed.
which
oak panel upon
is painted is 7 ft. by 3 ft. 7 in., and
is
composed
of six planks joined vertically,
but
so
admirably
bound
solid
mass."
one
together as to appear
**Art
The
exhibited
the
pi6lure was
among
Treasures"
in 1857, and
Manchester
at
again at
the South
in 1866.
Kensington Portrait Exhibition
was
over
"
Much
attention
pointed
the
out
The
pidlure.
the
induced
pidlure to
cleared
the
to
painting
late Mr.
George
be
studio
of
it, and
to
crude
Dean
away,
diredled
was
the
over
and
original
R. A.,
Richmond,
Westminster
cleaned
critics
the
the
allow
to
modern
painting
removed
for this purpose
it was
of Mr.
Mr. Merritt
Henry Merritt.
and
is
operations, which
in Sir George
servations
Scharf's
interesting ObPortrait
the
Westminster
on
Abbey
and
II."
other
representations of King Richard
(1867). On September 25th, 1866, Mr. Richmond
kept a
quoted
daily
the
of
record
"
noted
in Mr.
great
courage
Merritt's
and
record
equal
Mr.
**
Merritt
with
the
thick
skill removed
of
coating
hair
off:
colour
red, colour
of the flesh
I think
and
The
the
Merritt
Sir
George
was
the
quite that
have
eyes
result of the
and
of
of
of
Messrs.
of
was
this
taken
the
person,
Richmond
beautiful
describing
face,
but
red-haired
blue."
labours
in
the
gone,
been
the revelation
Scharf
eyes
of
pidlure.
restoration
heavy- toned
large, coarse,
figure with ver)^ deep, solid shadows, strongly
confident
marked
a
expression
eyebrows, and
says
**
Instead
of
SOVEREIGNS
AND
COURTS
THEIR
I4I
**
"
no
**
taken
was
copy
the
hand,
in
the
before
restoration
work
put
was
the
diaper
(2)
background
was
unnecessarilyremoved, so that the effedl of
the gold ground is now
much
marred.
In conne6lion
with other portraitsof Richard
1 1.,
Scharf
between
an
interestingconversation
quotes
and
Elizabeth
William
Lambarde
at
Queen
Greenwich
the 4th of August, 1601.
Lambarde
on
had
the queen
rendered
documents
the
said:
queen
the Tower
turned
**
of London
Richard
on
Richard
am
account
an
deposited in
conversation
in
when
II.
II., know
The
ye
not
that?"
Such
''Lambarde.
and
determined
the
most
wicked
attempted by
adorned
most
that
creature
imagination
ever
unkind
was
gent,
Majestie
your
made.
''Her
forget
40tie
Majestie,
his
times
Lord
of
her
knee
in open
honest
then
had
interview
asked
forgetGod
tragedy was
this
if Lambarde
and
she
told
said
This
him
to
him
forbad
played
her.
knew
of
one
At
of any
which
the
fallingupon
Farewell, good
quotation is of
"
will also
houses."
and
presented
her, and
Lambarde."
streets
Richard,
Lumley
before
that will
benefacftors
The
queen
portraitof
He
end
his
and
con-
142
HISTORICAL
interest^
siderable
play
There
South
II.
Exhibition
Kensington
Windsor
rebellion.
and
Castle
IV.
portraitsof Henry
two
were
with
a6ling of a
(Shakespeare's or another's)
of Essex's
the time
at
conne6lion
in
Richard
on
PORTRAITS
the
of
1866,
one
the
at
from
other
belonging to the
The
Earl of Essex.
latter pi6lurehas a pedigree
recording the giftfrom the king himself to Rowland
of the robes, who distinguished
Lentall, his yeoman
himself
The
the
at
Agincourt.
inscription on
pidlure is as follows:
Henry the Fourth, King
of England, who
of this hous
layd the first stone
left this
Court, Herefordshire],and
[Hampton
pi6lurein it when he gave it to Lentall, whoe sold
*'
it
Cornwall
to
the
of
cestors
of Burford,
Lord
who
sold
Coningesby
it
in
to
the
the
Aun-
reign
of
the 6th."
Henry
The
very
Of
Henry
there
are
portraitsat
Windsor
Portrait
lery,
GalCollege, the National
and
the Society of Antiquaries. The
picture
styled by Walpole the
Marriage of Henry VL
with
Margaret of Anjou" (already alluded
to)
which
was
formerly at Strawberry Hill and was
of
Anecdotes
by Walpole in his
fullydescribed
in the possession of the Duke
of
Painting,"is now
Castle, Eton
**
**
Sutherland.
In
1442
a
the
*
an
artist
German
portraitsof
"
Bibl.
(Appendix).
Topog.
named
Hans
or
Hansa
(probably
paint
Fleming) was
engaged to
the three daughters of the Count
or
Brit."
Nichols,
1790,
vol.
i., p.
525
SOVEREIGNS
of
Armagnac,
AND
to
guide
THEIR
the
COURTS
the
in
king
1 43
choice
of
wife.
The
instructions
first
comming
portraie
do
simple,
and
their
the
iij doughters
their visages lyk
be
one
to
portratur
appointe and
sende
to
thider, in al haste
you
al
as
your
see,
their
skynne
and
ye
of
of
maner
in al haste
delivered
At
"
possible,that ye
in their kertelles
color
and
with
countenaunces,
that
and
follows
as
their beaulte
and
stature
were
features;
with
the
said
St. Antonin,
describing the
Sir George
the
.received
the ambassadors
that
**
arrived
off, and
broken
to
of the pifture.
progress
adds
It is not
Scharf
known
:
picturesever
was
wrote
portraitof
in
of the Earl
wife, painted through the intervention
of the first artists of France."^
of Suffolk, by one
her father.
been
said that the artist was
It has
d'Anjou.
the seat of the Earl of Verulam,.
At Gorhambury,
is a very
there
interesting portrait of Edward
of Henry VI. *s courtiers, by Petrus
Grimston, one
King
R^n6
Christus,
which
*
the
which
late Sir
Observations
of
portraits
is
the
on
same
dated
George
1446,
Scharf
and
wrote
respecting
**
In
one
Grimston
of Edward
and other
portrait
"Archseologia,"
period by George Scharf.
the
471-482.
"
HISTORICAL
144
PORTRAITS
in English portraiture,
alone
resped: it stands
being a solitaryinstance in the fifteenth century of
of the painter,
a
pi6lurehaving a date, the name
and
the person
represented, equally well defined.
The
dated
signature of Petrus Christus, combined
the back, clearly
with
the shield of Grimston
at
faft."^
the
establish
Grimston
ambassador
was
to
the
Duchess
of
0"5lavia
Scharfs
Scharf
Edward
**
with
room
1864
published in
paper
describes
this most
thus
in
"Archaeologia,"
vol.
*'*
"
Instrucciones
yeven
by
welbeloved
his trusty and
do6loure
of
Thomas
Kent
he
and
of Calais
for to
foloweth."
Communicated
Thoms.
**
the
Kynge oure
Johan Marney
lawe,
William
Wodehous
squyers
his ambassatours
at
the
or
iiij,
iij
souverain
knyghte,
Pyrton,
twaine
lorde
Maistre
Edward
of
thaim,
this tyme
to his Towne
with the
appointe and conclude
trete
commune
of
commissaries
that
John
sendeth
**
xl.,p. 471.
to
Grymeston
ing
illustrat-
Archaeologia."
interestingportrait
Grimston
standing in a
appears
raftered
ceiling,having a circular
whom
of
Duchasses
of
Bourgoigne
in the
maters
[May, 1449.]
to
the
Society
vol.
Archaeologia,"
of
xxxix, p.
Antiquaries by
451.
W.
J.
146
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
which
scale,
smaller
latter
to
is also
at
one
exhibited
was
there
and
similar, although
excellent, and
is
South
at
at
Windsor
the
National
The
Castle.
Kensington
on
in
1866,
Gallery
Antiquaries.
beth
(Elizaqueen
Portrait
the
to
whom
she
was
married
in
1468.
mistress, Jane
portraitsof Edward's
Court, Eton
Shore, at
Hampton
College, and
of these can
King s College,Cambridge, but none
and
be said to be at all satisfaftory,
they are all
probably taken from Diane de Poiftiers.
excellent
is an
There
HI.
portrait of Richard
the
others
at
at
Society of Antiquaries, and
Portrait
Windsor
Castle, the National
Gallery,
and
Knowsley, in the possession of the Earl of
exhibited
South
sington
Kenat
Derby ; the latter was
There
are
in
number
The
very
1866.
of
considerable.
the
portraits of
Windsor
National
Henry
Castle, Christ
Portrait
VII.
are
Church,
Gallery,the Society
other galleries
of Antiquaries,and
show
can
many
A
Mrs.
portrait lent by the Hon.
examples.
Howard
the South
Greville
hibition
to
Kensington Exis inscribed:
of 1866
Kynge Henry ye
F."
The
seventh, Johan de Maubeuse
pifturelent
this same
exhibition
to
by Mr. Henry Musgrave
described
and
as
of
Henry VII. and Ferdinand
Holbein," was
not
by Holbein,
Arragon, by Hans
and
V.
but
represented Charles
probably hi"
Oxford,
**
**
brother
Ferdinand.
HENRY
VII.,
BY
AN
UNKNOWN
FLEMISH
ARTIST.
SOVEREIGNS
The
AND
portrait of
THEIR
Henry
COURTS
Elizabeth
queen,
IV.
and
York, daughter of Edward
Woodville, was
frequentlypainted, and
be seen
Christ Church, Oxford,
at
may
National
Portrait
The
elder
of
of
Elizabeth
examples
and
at
the
Gallery.
portraitsof Arthur,
son
47
Henry VII.,
Prince
are
of
Wales,
extremely
rare,
the
but
Sir
a
George Scharf found at Windsor
portrait
he supposed to represent
not
designated, which
this prince,and
is corroborated
his attribution
by
Henry VIII. s catalogue,although in Charles I. s
cataloguethe portraitis described as Henry VIII.
Prince
white
and
Tudor
E.
has
Arthur
This
roses.^
Exhibition.
Edwards
red
and
pi6lure was
water-colour
collar
shown
of
red
at
the
drawing
by
berry
formerly at StrawHill and
at Knowsley, was
now
supposed by
of Richmond,
Walpole to represent Henry, Duke
the natural
The
of Henry
VIII.
son
original
this drawing was
taken
was
pifture from which
in the
of
Dowager
possession of the Countess
Scharf
the
considered
Park.
Jersey at Middleton
the original
be the better of the two, as
to
copy
has been
restored
and re-painted.^
It was
a
portrait
once
supposed that there was
in the pi6lure described
the
of Prince
Arthur
as
three
children
of Henry
VII., but as
already
the
false ascription, and
mentioned
this was
a
pi6lure really represented the three children of
Christian
The
feature
1866,
which
of Prince
cap
Arthur,
II. of Denmark.
were
a
special
Henry VIII.
of
of the South
Kensington Exhibition
their strongly marked
characteristics,
from
that king the dominating
make
seemed
to
portraitsof
"
Archseologia,"xxxix. 246.
"
148
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
his
in which
portraitwas
lent by the
portraits was
hung.
and
Earl of Warwick,
in the catalogue no painter's
was
name
pifturewas described
given,but the same
as
by Dr. Waagen as a masterpiece of Holbein,
if the king himself
details as
in the smallest
true
in every
room
of these
One
personage
"
stood
before
There
you.
brutal
egotism, an
feeling,such as
human
is
obstinacy, and
I
have
the
In
countenance.
uncomfortable
I became
of
yet
never
suspiciouswatchfulness
the
these
in
eyes,
wild
features
of
harshness
in
seen
any
is
there
too,
beast,
so
that
from
looking at it a long
the want
of simplicityof the forms, the
time;
little rounding of the whole, notwithstanding the
wonderful
modelling of all the details,the brownishred local
the
and
to
be
very
transition
This
by
about
1861
the
and
second
that
the
to
have
it may
third
been
1530.**
lent
pi6lurewas
Lord
In
from
Holbein,
of
manner
painted
tone
the
to
Exhibition
Tudor
Warwick.
Sir
George
Scharf
gave
in the
**
Archaeo-
The
as
follows
first
portrait
mentioned
by
Scharf,
HENRY
VIII.,
BY
LUKE
HORNEBOLT.
HISTORICAL
50
described
engraving
date
bearing
Matsis
king
and
as
drawn,
comparison
little doubt
be
and
with
that
of
been
Cornelius
of the
considered
by
is, however,
It
accords
tippet,small
fur
countenance
From
have
to
work
95, and
peculiarchara6ler
caricature.
mere
costume,
bloated
clear
the
expresses
styleof
can
It is the
1548.
well
"
strongly as
so
some
PORTRAITS
ceedingly
ex-
much
very
moustaches
in
and
the last-named
painting."
portraits there
these
of
Henry's
were
eyes
of
blue-gray.'**
Scharf
does
mention
fine
full-length
portraitby Lucas de Heere in the Master s Lodge,
Trinity College, Cambridge, and apparently he
not
was
acquainted with the picture as the work
the important full-length
of that artist, nor
portrait
at
Ditchley (Viscount Dillon).
and
Sir George Scharf
Mr. J. G. Nichols
tributed
convaluable
to
Archaeologia" on
papers
Holbein's
portraitsof the royal family of England,
and more
the several portraitsof
particularly
upon
of Henry VIII.*
the queens
of Holbein
The
era
as
a
painter of English
portraitsis limited within ia period of sixteen years,
He
could scarcely
extending from 1527 to 1543.
of Arragon, because
have
she
painted Katharine
ill and
when
he came
was
living in retirement
Catharine
to
not
Parr, as she was
England, nor
until July, 1543,
married
two
or
only a month
not
the
**
his
before
*
Remarks
death.
written
names
portraitsfrom
House, by George
some
on
Wilton
Court, and
The
Windsor
upon
the
Castle, Hampton
Scharf.
**
"
Archaeologia,'
vol. xxxix.
pp. 245-271.
Holbein's
RemJsurks
upon
England, by J. G. Nichols,
*
several
on
and
**
on
of
some
the
portraits of
the
royal family
of
"
others
Archaeologia,"xl.
of
81-85.
the
like
nature,
by
George
Scharf,
SOVEREIGNS
AND
THEIR
COURTS
Holbein
little to
drawings are
and
in particularno
faith can
be
described
Anne
as
Boleyn, Anne
Katharine
Dr.
Howard.
Meads
Queen
sale
Caroline
These
in
relied
be
placed
of
upon,
in those
Cleves,
and
purchased at
^^ ^^^
belong to
pi6lure lent to the
of 1866
by Sir
were
^^^
1755,
series.
15I
The
South
Kensington Exhibition
J, Cholmeley, JJart, and described as a
Mont^^e
portraitof Queen Anne
Boleyn by Holbein, really
ceeded
daughter of Ladislaus, who sucrepresents Anne,
her brother, Louis
n.,as Queen of Hungary
and
Bohemia,
Ferdinand,
married
and
the
brother
of the
The
piftureis dated
Emperor Charles V.
and
PB, which
signed by the monogram
1530,
Sir
stands for Hans
Baldung, Binck, or Brosamer.
longing
George Scharf believed a circular miniature, beto
Charles
Mr.
Bale
Sackville
in
1863,
blue
background
"an"
XXV,"
to be a true
Boleyn.
portraitof Anne
The
date represents the twenty-fifth
yearof Henry's
reign (April 22nd, 1533, to April 21st, 1534),and
Anne
was
June ist, 1533.
publiclycrowned
in the
The
piftureof Jane Seymour by Holbein
and
is dated
Imperial GaHery at Vienna
1537,
of her by Holbein
there is a fine pi"5lure
at Woburn.
Holbein
the wall of the
also painted, in 1537, on
Whitehall, a picture of Henry
at
Privy Chamber
and Queen Jane Seymour, and
VHI.
Henry VH.
This
of York
Elizabeth
and
in the background.
destroyed in the fire of 1 698, but a reduced
was
of it was
in 1667 ^V Remigius (R6mee)
made
copy
is preserved at
Hampton
van
Leemput, which
and
made
An
Court.
by Vertue
engraving was
published by the Society of Antiquaries. The
inscribed
present
in
Duke
gold
of
originalcartoon
lent
to
the
Tudor
the
across
Devonshire
for the
possesses
Whitehall
Exhibition
Holbein's
fresco, which
(1890).
he
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
152
fine
a
Strawberry Hill ColIe6llon was
in the catalogue
described
miniature
by Holbein
(p. 146, No. 69) as a very rare and originalportrait
It was
of Katharine
Parr.
bought by Mr. J. Dent
for ten
points out
guineas. Sir George Scharf
is to be found
that the inscription an" XXXII
in the background, which
the regnal
represents
the
In
*'
"
of
year
married
king
Howard
in
August
of this
this
be
believes
Scharf
the
Now
1540-41.
or
Katharine
therefore
and
year,
VIII.,
Henry
to
her
portrait.
There
Holbein
Duke
miniatures
are
by
of
the
of Buccleuch.
Respe6ling
which
wrote
**
colle6lion
the
in
and
Windsor,
at
Howard
Katharine
of
the
has
become
from
Duren
Your
Grace
Anne
portraitof
Nicholas
historical,Dr.
the
to
king,August
Hanze
servant
Cleves,
of
Wotton
ith, 1539
hath
Albein
taken
th'
and
the
Ladye
Lady Anne
effigiesof my
hathe
Amelye
[her sister],and
expressed their
is probably the
livelye."* This
images verye
Paris.
at
pi6lurenow
Another
the
possible wife for Henry VIII. was
finest portraits. This
subjeft of one of Holbein's
was
Christina
of
who,
after the
death
upon
as
was
sent
with
and
suitable
her
duchess,
it
sketch, and
she
"
was
tried
diplomaticagent
looked
duchess
the
of
Holbein
ing
stay-
was
lands,
Nether-
Regent
of taking her portrait,
purpose
portraithad
but
the
Mary,
aunt
Another
Milan,
of
of
Brussels
to
Duchess
Denmark,
from
of his task
been
very
to
sent
off
British
Archaeologia,"vol.
desire
by
inferior
get it back.
the
in three
to
hours.
of the
Holbein's
John Hutton,
Court,
xl. p. 77.
wrote
as
SOVEREIGNS
follows
Cromwell
to
Haunce
Mr.
"
COURTS
THEIR
AND
53
but
having
himself to be master
hours'spacehath showed
of that science
(the making of physiognomies)for
in
it is very
perfe6l,the other is but slobbered
comparison to it, as by the sight of both your
lordshipshall well apperceive."
three
It
difficult
was
three
hours*
belonging
for
but
some
of
Scharf
close
he
he
the
by
was
to
the
solved
in the
entrance
hibited
ex-
Gallery
had
was
pifture
which
National
thought
of
account
finished
large
the
when
day
this
Norfolk,
in
years
George
difficulty.One
situated
the
Duke
the
Sir
room
with
sketch
to
associate
to
waitingroyal
the
Castle, he
Chapel at Windsor
noticed
a
picture in a prominent position which
of
unnamed.
He
struck
was
was
by the manner
which
holding the gloves adopted in this portrait,
him
reminded
of the
at
once
portrait of the
the
in
pew
Duchess
Private
of Milan
inspe6lion he
the
to
came
originalthree
Duke
Arundel
at
the conclusion
hours'
further
On
that this
was
which
from
sketch
finished
of Norfolk's
Castle.
the
afterwards
pitlure was
copied.^
and his advisers
anxious
were
Henry VHI.
the marriage,but after long negotiations
Charles
broke
off the
match.
The
good story of
that she
duchess's
had
to the king,
message
**
head, had
one
of his
service
Her
true.
the
emperor
she
had
two
majesty,"is
aftual
s
poor
answer
should
one
not
You
**
and
servant
at
supposed
now
was,
be
to
know
must
follow
for
V.
the
but
the
be
am
his
pleasure."
The
of
duchess
Lorraine
'
"
Remarks
discovered
Brussels
afterwards
and
on
at Windsor
in the
She
Bar.
portraitof
the
Francis, Duke
daughter
was
Duchess
of
Milan
of
recently
Holbein
"
year
married
at
HISTORICAL
154
Christian
PORTRAITS
of Denmark,
called
erroneously
Scharf
identified
and
children
the
her
Henry VII.
little black-eyed girl
the
with
children
of the three
one
of
wives
and
of
he
adds
honoured
that
with
Mr.
is very vague
of these
none
monumental
Nichols
Katharine
the
VIII.
Henry
refers
Parr
at
to
arid uncertain,
were
queens
effigy.
fine whole-length
Newnham
the
Paddox,
seat
of
of
at
Denbigh, and to an identical pitfture
Glendon
Hall, Northamptonshire. The
supposed
Portraits**
in Lodges
representationof this queen
Earl
of
**
is
authentic.
not
The
great
VIII.
and
chamber,
his
Elizabeth,
and
fool.
It
Will
and
shown
was
the
Princesses
Somers
and
Edward,
Prince
at
the
*'
Henry
s audience
queen
seated
Parr
by the
Katharine
represents
with
king,
Court
picture at Hampton
in the
Family," now
Mary
Jane the
Exhibition,
Tudor
in
at
Windsor,
To
that
which
return
there
kings
to
is inscribed
Holbein.
is little doubt
natural
son,
Mr.
that
Henry
1536, aetatis
**
Nichols
that
believes
artist drew
Fitz-Roy,
suae
Duke
the
of
who
lived
till 1536,
EDWARD
VI.
156
HISTORICAL
attributed
to
some
PORTRAITS
Holbein,
to
have
been
but
is
supposed by
now
painted by
GwilHm
Stretes.
ascriptionis possible it is
portraitin this book is taken
the National
Portrait Gallery,
which
represents the prince at the age of six years.
is a drawing at Windsor
of Mary I. (when
There
the Lady Mary) by Holbein.
Sir Antonio
Moro's
is at the Gallery at Madrid,
portraitof this queen
Although, however,
The
only a guess.
the pifturein
from
Mander
Van
but
copies of
the
exhibited
at
this
that
states
pi6lure,and
the
Tudor
one
Moro
made
many
of these, which
Exhibition, belongs
was
to
Chapter of Durham.
At
Woburn
Abbey there is a portrait of
with
Queen, represented as in an apartment
husband
Lionel
Cust
Mr.
Philip H., which
Dean
the
and
to
be
the work
of
de
Lucas
Heere.
the
her
lieves
beThe
an
interesting
Society of Antiquaries possesses
de
Heere, dated
portrait of her, also by Lucas
it is the
Scharf
Sir George
that
1554.
says
with
by
largestsigned pidlure that he had met
the hand
of Lucas
de
Heere, but in saying this
he overlooked
I. in
the full-length
of Henry VH
the Masters
Lodge, Trinity College,Cambridge,
which
Heere.
is signed by De
in having the
fortunate
was
Queen Elizabeth
opportunity of being painted by several first-rate
artists
who
came
from
in
abroad
to
her
Court
Mr.
G.
Nichols,
QUEEN
MARY
I.,
BY
JOANNES
CORVUS.
does
from
subje6l,but
the
on
not
draught
in
the
and
been
runs
reason
handwriting
document,
curious
some
have
to
appear
COURTS
THEIR
AND
SOVEREIGNS
as
other
or
published.
of
Cecil
follows
57
is
it
The
very
"
favor
or
grace,
as
but
for
the
most
part
have
also
erred
"
therein,
as
thereof
158
HISTORICAL
furdermore
the
PORTRAITS
commandeth
all
forbear
from
in
of persons
manner
graving,
of hir Majestic,
printingor making
pourtrai(5l
until some
that shall be
speciallperson
by hir
shall have
allowed
first finished
a
pourtrai6lure
thereof, after which
fynished, hir Majestie will
that all other
be content
painters, printers, or
to
tyme
mean
paynting,
of any
shall
that
gravers,
and
consideration
traifture.
And
for
take
and
greved
deformities
in this
that
and
ministers
and
as
to
and
committed,
reformable/'
mean
and
at
maye
first pour-
or
the
until
persons^
observation
due
the
they
hereof,
already
errors
to
tyme
and
errors
forbydd
such
publicationof
or
(as
without
not
by sondry
reform
to
in the
prohibitthe shewing
apparently deformed,
are
the
to
maybe
as
soon
which
with
straitly
chargeth
see
dwell
Majestie perceiveth
much
are
lovingsubje(!:l;s
allredy committed
behalf, she
hed
hir
offence
great
shall
same) shall
sayd patron
of hir
grete nomber
the
the
by
should
person
the
attempt
pleasures follow
their
that
ever)'
they
standing,
under-
of
men
licensed
plaices where
it is that
reason
known
thereto
so
of the
officers
be
may
be
as
and
are
reformed
done, but
exactly what was
Raleigh, in the preface to his
History of the
that "by the
World,"
states
Queen's own
mandment
comall pi(5lures
by unskilful and common
knocked
in pieces and
in the
cast
painters were
fire ; and
the
John Evelyn at a later date makes
with fuller detail in his
statement
same
Sculptura/^
do
We
not
know
**
"
"
to
"The
Persons
originalin
Cecil,
with
by
p.
169.
Sir
Corredtions, and
Joseph
among
Bart."
Ayloffe,
"
his
papers.
municated
Com-
"Archaeologia,"vol. ii.
gUEKX
ELIZABETH,
HY
F.
ZUCHARO.
l6o
HISTORICAL
Castle, which
of
PORTRAITS
the
at
was
National
Portrait
hibition
Ex-
is in the
next
(No. 247). The
at
and
Court, of Henry VHI.
Hampton
pi(5lure
is not
his family. The
third, which
porary
contema
lent by the Dowager
Duchess
pifture,was
from
Ditton
of Buccleuch
It reprePark, Slough.
sents
Henr)'^VHI., his children, and Will Somers,
and
1866
Two
Tudor
the
at
was
Exhibition
of
1890.
"
"
also attributed
belongs to Mrs.
formerly in the
On
letters these
"
Four
father
than
more
zealous
which
Heere,
of
nobilitye loe in
theyr conditions
valyant, a rare
with
states
de
lines
face of muche
Dent
of
frame
the
Lucas
to
daughter
in
hear
and
kind
her
little roome,
virtuous
what
in
shadowed
els
showe,
son,
the
world
doth
knowe,
And
last of all
Successivelyto
In smaller
"
The
Mark
The
hold
letters
Queen
of her
famous
Hatfield
at
to
"
House
are
exhibited
the
her
pi6lureis
this Tablet
own
sent,
contente."
"
portraitby Zucharo,
(Marquis of Salisbury), must
be
life-size
the
This
her
:
right hand
"
Non
National
(No. 267),and
{No. 14 10 b), and
1866
and
Rainbow
the words
at
foot of the
Walsingham
people
speciallymentioned.
holding in
queen,
which
the
at
was
pi6lure of
rainbow
the Tudor
at
over
It
Exhibition
was
of
Exhibition, 1890
greatly admired
at
both
SOVEREIGNS
AND
THEIR
l6l
COURTS
queen.
was
general opinion that Elizabeth
flattered by the portraitpainters,but this was
not
Garrard.
Mark
Mr. O'Donoghue
with
the case
writes, The majorityof the portraitsof the queen,
which
painted by
represent her in old age, were
It
is the
"
or
in
works
the
school
of
are
of
Elizabeth
Loan
his
.
distinguishedby
truth
details
Gheeraerdts
Marc
the
those
careful
and
Of
costume.
at
Exhibition,
Welbeck
hard
elaboration
all the
promising
uncom-
of
the
portraitsof
[South Kensington
No.
1862,
their
2573,
and
Tudor
62
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
1890, No.
Exhibition,
Gallery,National
363, and
No.
Gheeraerdts,
Exhibition, 1866,
considered
460] by
No.
Exhibition,
be
versity
[Uni-
Cambridge
Portrait
Tudor
may
and
465]
to
the
give
most
miniature
on
the
remember
after
whoe
drawe,
in her
showing
This
**
also and
came
it in his MS.
recorded
painting:
words
first I
Ma'**, when
to
has
Milliard, who
makes
of her
reasoning
highness
howe
me
me
presence
shee
notied
difference
great
windowe
which
for
to
ease
their
sight,and
and
lyne
grosser
maketh
showe
very
wel
nedeth
not,
because
in hand
neare
unto
reason,
for
that
garden
at
all
earthe
and
perposse
where
no
save
soe
that
must
more
serned, and
the
workmen
many
the
afar
covet
give unto
lyne
aparent
werke
to
be
in
tree
as
was
the
that
imborse
them
heaven
be
to
de-
well, and
Limning work
of necessity
veewed
to
her
her
Ma'**
nor
is
littel shadowe
convened
place
ally of
open
neere,
in
werke
to
of, which
it is
to
anye
to
goodly
shadowe
lighterthen
that
sit in
was
the
from
SOVEREIGNS
AND
THEIR
Ma'*"
COURTS
curiouse
Demaund
hath
better
The
that
be
can
given
the
Court
of
some
The
famous
few
chara(5lers
is
great
so
of them
Frances
only
Brandon,
is
duchess
married,
Siokes,
her
the
of
this
of
second
her
as
master
heard
queen
horse-keeper
opportunity for a retort
of
horse,
Leicester
Sir
so
horse.
?"
the
was
husband,
Here
When
was
the
has
she
good
too
be
passed by, as
of
queen's master
to
Cecil
William
Adrian
said, "What,
she
her
married
Earl
Elizabeth
portraitsof
here.
ventured
Elizabeth,
an
Ma***
of Suffolk
duchess
who
the
with
notice
interestinghistorical
of
of
other
etc.
number
connected
63
(afterwards
the
the
Lord
and
she says
Yes, madam,
Burghley) answered,
Majesty would like to do so too.*' So Walpole,
your
who
taining
conpossessed a pi6lure by Lucas de Heere
her second
and
portraitsof the duchess
*'
tells
husband,
the
story
in
his
"Anecdotes
Painting." The
pi(5lurewas
purchased
and
Strawberry Hill Sale by the Hon.
Heneage Finch for eighty-eightguineas.
exhibited
Mr.
by
at
C.
in
South
Kensington
Finch,
Wynne
1890 by Colonel
and
in 1868
at
Wynne
the
of
the
at
Rev.
It
was
(No. 644)
Tudor
hibition
Ex-
Finch.
Burghley, attributed
Mark
and
Garrard
to
belonging to the Marquis of
shown
at South
Exeter, was
Kensington in 1866,
also the curious portrait
of the minister riding
as
was
is in the Pi6lure
mule, which
on
a
Gallery at the
there
Bodleian
Exhibition
Library. At the Tudor
nine portraits
of Lord
were
Burghley.
A
good portraitof
Lord
164
HISTORICAL
PORTRAITS
Exhibition
A
of
of 1866.
fine
very
Walter
portraitof
Earl
Yarborough,
of
married
Moro,
Lettice
Dudley,
Earl
in
Earl
ist
belonging
exhibited
was
his widow,
portraitof
Devereux,
the
to
1866.
wards
Knollys, who afterLeicester, belonging
of
shown
till 1 868.
not
was
Marquis Townsend,
beautiful portraitof their son, Robert,
A singularly
Earl of Essex, is preserved at the Master's
2nd
one
Lodge, Trinity Lodge, Cambridge ; this was
of the eleven
portraitsof Essex lent to the Tudor
to
the
Exhibition.
There
is
remarkable
the
for
Bodleian
other.
Gallery
is little
admire,
to
while
shows
the
refined
is
she
one
the
to
stand
under-
could
have
portrait in
bold, reckless
Essex
the
there
in whom
man
a
in their
look
littlehandsomeness
portraitof
though weak
whom
feeling,to
of
there
that have
in the features
the
Leicester's
is that
"
it is difficult
ward
out-
beth
Eliza-
of
there
diversityis
liked
if she
how,
them
great
favourites
two
expressions that
different
cared
the
of
appearance
in fa6l, so
the
between
contrast
about
Cambridge
full of poetical
man,
speculatoris instinftively
at
drawn.
Although
romantic
of
Essex
interest
and
little about
know
we
about
wife
of
Elizabeth
Henry
her, there
Vernon,
is
cousin
Wriothesley, 3rd
of
SOVEREIGNS
Still survives
AND
COURTS
THEIR
in Vernon
who
Throckmorton,
merly
(for-
Place, Bloomsbury
Southampton) Square.
Queen Elizabeth's maids of honour were
and interesting
body of young ladies, and
married
Sir
65
lively
Elizabeth
Walter
Raleigh
fell into
and
maids
of these
very
faint ideas
Anne
Vavasour,
in
who
There
Elizabeth
1580, and
in
was
of the
gentlewoman
was
had
however,
morality or decency.
Queen
to
honour
of
of honour,
chamber
bed-
maid
of
whose
1590, and
Exhibition
sent
to
portrait was
the Tudor
by Sir Henry Vavasour,
She
Bart.
married
John Finch and then left him
In 161 8
to
keep house for Sir Henry Lee, K.G.
she
incurred
Fitton, who
Earl
of
with
Pembroke,
William
banished
was
Herbert,
from
Court
was
having a child by her. Her name
brought prominently forward a few years ago under
the supposition that she was
the dark lady of Shakespeare's
for mentioning her
An
sonnets.
excuse
for
here
time
for
may
be
found
connexion
with
of her
means
this and
at
Shakespeare
portrait. Search
last
one
Mary
Fitton
dark.
The
good
risen
much
in
coachman
never
The
faft
in the
discovered
fame
the
left his
married
one
were
be
to
of maids
^300
of them.
portraitof Queen
on
by
made
for
the
result that
fair and
century,
condition
Elizabeth's
to
shattered
of honour
eighteenth
son
claims
her
long
was
found, with
was
was
that
had
when
that
giant
not
not
a
he
porter.
66
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
would
have
during
the
it,and
in
Scots
said
are
If
experts.
of
many
beautiful
as
the
has
been
are
them
she
unlike
so
long been
to judge by the
Queen was
by
we
interested
kept.
Mary Queen
described
one
puzzle of
the
have
they
gallery
be
of
and
numerous,
so
another, that
likenesses
be
to
It
Court.
was
that it should
commanded
7 inches
I/s
Charles
with
Portraits
of
sold
been
of
appearance
means
no
so
by enthusiastic
admirers.
The
portraits of James
of them
none
for this
is attributed
James
engraved
one
Zucharo,
and
was
is another
There
boy.
was
The
to
but
numerpus,
are
attractive.
are
book
when
taken
I.
by Van
fifty-five
the
Portrait Gallery, and
Somer, in the National
has one
by J. Jameson.
Marquis of Lothian
there is a portraitof James's
Court
At Hampton
him
portraitof
Somer.
Van
by
and
crossbow
king
favourite
this
At
It
pictureto
dressed
at
on
habit
for the
to
occasion
one
out
go
chase,
her
with
success
killed the
she
dog.
palace
same
which
her
was
shoot
great, and
not
was
of
age
of Denmark,
Anne
queen,
the
at
an
there
is
interesting
an
is attached.
anecdote
It
presents
re-
and
Robert.
of Wales,
Henry, Prince
Devereux,
3rd Earl of Essex, as hunting, and it
is related that one
playing
day when these two were
The
the score.
tennis
prince
they fell out over
so
a
and
hit the
prince across
as
the
to
call Essex
earl
took
up
the
son
of
his
racket
the head.
the Stuart
at
Stirlingof Keir showed
small picture containing portraitsof
Exhibition
a
of Denmark.
Anne
his mother,
the prince and
Mr.
A.
SOVEREIGNS
AND
THEIR
COURTS
67
At
**
Wotton,
"
Provost
You
That
You
beauties
meaner
More
of the
night,
What
The
of Eton
are
you
portrait of
when
her
the
shall rise ?
moon
Honthorst
by
at
"
Hampton
is
Court
Exhibition.
Sir
George
Scharf
Palace
which
representing Prince
Princess
Margaret.
and
costume
that
clear
it
certain
belonged
that
one
to
child
mentions
pi6lureat Buckingham
him
to
was
as
pointed out
Arthur, Prince
Henry, and
He
saw
at
once
from
the
The
Charles
I.
pi6lurebelonged
being girls.
in Van
der Noort's
and
was
accurately described
catalogue as the children of the King and Queen
ren
"the Palgrave s three first born childof Bohemia
It was
at Heydelberch."
brought from Heidel"
to
68
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
and
berg
given
James
King
to
by
Sir
Henry
Wotton.
of
King
the
English
Court
habits, is well
Charles
I.
his
in
who
has
alone
wish
to
from
know
is taken
the
National
Duke
the
was
given
of
us
It
Duke
of
famous
the
of
for
is, however,
portraitsby which
I. The
engraving
the
Charles
from
child,
James, Duke
painted by Lely
Northumberland.
in this book
trait
por-
of the
possessor
I. and
his son
Vandyck
in
Somer's
is the
of
we
Van
in
was
pi6lureof Charles
York
(aged 14), which
Earl
an
Court.
Northumberland
the
so
represented
Lely
by
bad
example to
pronounced drinking
set
by
Hampton
at
and
who
Denmark,
IV.,
Christian
jovial brother-in-law,
I.'s
James
fine
equestrianportrait
Gallery, which
was
bought
Marlborough for ;^i 7,500 in
1884.
Warwick
Windsor,
At
in
and
other
Castle, Hampton
colledlions
great
there
Court,
other
are
tiful
Vandyck *s beauking,arranged in
This
it.
in
at
until the
Rome
Irvine
it
IV.
George
Henrietta
she
looks
alone
she
it
bought
1796, and
to
fire
the
pifture itself
The
and
became
well
done,
was
was
at
for
sold
for 1,000
Maria
was
the
Whitehall
of the
Mr.
W.
Bernini
stroyed
de-
was
in
1691.
Palace
last century.
Mr.
Buchanan
about
by Mr. W.
guineas.
a
bust
Palace
in the
remained
end
but
beautiful
Wells
woman,
in
1822
and
CHARLES
I.,
BY
SIR
A.
VANDYCK.
SOVEREIGNS
the Stuart
Exhibition
by Claude
Le
COURTS
THEIR
AND
69
aged,
Fevre.
pi"5lure
by Vandyck containing portraitsof
of Leicester, and
Dorothy Percy, Countess
of
Countess
sister Lady Lucy, the famous
The
Lady
of her
Carlisle, was
Penshurst
sold
in 1764
colledlion
at
inherited
she
when
Yonge,
by Lady
the
from
the
half of
ancient
that
seat
"
that queer
the beautiful
character
Duchess
of Richmond
the
of
son
vintner,
wanted
to
Henry
Prannel,
Earl
of
James
marry
her
Hertford,
George Romney
in
despair. This
of
Bath
the
to
and
an
I.
Lennox,
earl, and
when
and
married
who
a
duke,
first husband
Her
second,
Howard,
Frances
Edward
she
was
Seymour,
married
him, Sir
killed
of Somersetshire
and
himself
1866.
is
There
curious
portraitby Vandyck
of the
beautiful
Lady
Venetia
found.
was
full-lengthby
ing
Vandyck of Lady Digby, seated, with cupids holdof laurel over
her head, Envy bound,
wreath
a
and cupids at her feet, a serpent in her righthand
in her left. This
dove
and
a
allegoryalludes to
her
Walpole
calumny.
presumed triumph over
At
Castle
Windsor
Walpole
253)-
to
G.
Montagu,
there
May
is
HISTORICAL
170
the small
describes
PORTRAITS
for this
study
picture,which
is
exquisitelyfinished.
All
the
of
Court
and
Vandyck,
those
Charles
who
these
of
many
I.
painted by
were
and
men
women
history,and it is,therefore,
only possiblein the space at our disposalto allude
of these pictures.
to a few
In the
Louvre
several
there
are
portraits by
I., the
Vandyck, viz., a full-lengthof Charles
were
Duke
of
Charles
made
Richmond,
I., and
At
portrait of
Knowsley
Charlotte
the
de
la
her
shows
of
in
"
to
summons
all the
House,
to
o'clock
with
him
art
but
this
carry
paper
rebel
nor
house
he
:
shall
when
our
find
it, a
furious
of Parliament,
of
pains
neither
have
strength
traitor's
merciful
scorn
solent
in-
goods,
persons,
and
provision is
and
myself,children,
*thou
tell that
Rigby,
home
be
to
pride ;
double
shall
and
fire
is
she,
and
drum,
we
goods
before
day
next
spent,
it not, my
it
within
arms
Rigby,'(with a
his sight) and
Lathom
up
but,' says
instrument
in
(Rigby)
for the
for his
gates;
to
answer
reward
her
foolish
the
tearing
and
follows
he
yield
goods
her
due
at
up
calls
indignationcalls
a
as
Thursday,
the mercy
final answer
the
which
brave
hanged
On
described
receive
to
her
return
two
tells
been
persons,
of
last message,
he
as
her
to
ladyship to
his
of
One
Castle.
mentary
tearing the Parliasurrender, a good subject
painter,which has
1644, April 25th.
sends
portraits of
of Derby,
Countess
Lathom
the a6t
summons
for
several
are
of
self.
him-
painter by
the
Tremouille,
defender
brave
these
there
children
the
of
three
more
shall burn
soldiers, rather
prevent
in his
than
than
sight:
fall into
SOVEREIGNS
his hands
will seal
common
the
flame."
same
loyalty in
religionand
our
17I
COURTS
THEIR
AND
that
there
and
all the
several
were
painted
portraits
the
how
the
is
mistaken
leaders
Parliamentary
Cromwell,
by
Robert
cropped.
Walker, and Lambert
at the National
by the same,
Portrait
Gallery, have long hair, and John Pym
has flowing brown
hair in the portraitlent by Sir
tion
the South
to
Henry Wilmot
Kensington Exhibitheir
had
heads
of 1866.
Cromwell
slur
to
told
over
his
on
but
he
whom
painter to
blemish,
any
wrinkle
and
wart
the
to
represent
face.
Some
painter was
Cooper, but Granger says
of Cromwell
Coopers miniatures
and they were
much
that
admired
so
considerable
demand
Cromwell
found
for
sale, and
one
Granger says
the
supposed
Charles
that
I.
this
accurate
The
Cooper
for them.
crayon
in the
this
say
it was
are
Lely.
perfedl,
there
was
occasion
one
copying
surreptitiously
the pra6lice.
he forbade
I. and
that in a print of Charles
face
of
Duke
the
of
Espernon
print of
likeness
every
Cooper
altered
was
On
not
sat
to
that
P. Lombart's
of the
of
Cromwell,
cannot
be
so
very
Protedlor.
portrait of
Masters
Cromwell
by
Lodge, Sidney
Samuel
Sussex
College,Cambridge, was
presented anonymously
Hollis, the Republican. The
picture
by Thomas
was
accompanied by a letter to this effect : "An
Englishman, an Asserter of Liberty, Citizen of the
World, is desirous of having the honour
to present
of
of the head
an
original portrait in crayons
*
Peter
Lathom
Draper's
House,"
"House
1864, p.
of
129.
Stanley,
and
the
Sieges
of
172
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
O.
Protedlor,
Cromwell,
Sydney
Jan.
"London,
freelydeclare it,I
Though his Government
I
made
He
Noll
for old
am
did
his enemies
and
England great,
It is
so
as
and
to
requested
to
receive
be
free from
Also
"
arrival
Mr.
Shove's,
Garden,
It
of
line
Bookbinder
until the
not
was
Left
to
To
written
be
may
in Maiden
on
Delver,
Pierce
at
Covent
Lane,
publicationof
Hollis,'*in
that
780, where
it
the
known
was
the
Memoirs
**
presentation
the
whom
to
indebted.
collegewas
inclined to think
George Scharf was
this portraitwas
by Lely and not by Cooper,
surely in this picture in large there is a great
The
but
placed
Right ;
be
Sunshine.
it, dire6led
mentioned,
that
Marvell."
A.
London.'"
of Thomas
is
of
tremble.
may
from
Light
favour
the
the
the
1766.
15,
Tyrant resemble,
**
**
to
College,in Cambridge.
Sussex
"
Cooper,
by
drawn
late Sir
likeness
to
the
marvellous
latter
of the
miniatures
artist.
The
later
portraitsof
Charles
him
II. show
as
from
and
his recorded
it appears
ugly man,
The
sayings that he realized the fa6t himself.
engraving in this book is taken from the pi"5lure
Portrait Gallery.
by John Greenhill in the National
an
He
handsome
was
fine
portraitof him
James's Palace, in
ingenuous countenance.
as
by
which
young
Adrian
he
man,
afid there
Hanneman
is drawn
at
with
interestingportraitof
the
which
hangs on
principal staircase
his
the king on
palace. It represents
There
in the
is another
robes
of the
Order
of the
Garter
is
St.
very
Charles
and
of
this
throne
wear-
CHARLES
II.,
BY
J.
GREENHILL.
SOVEREIGNS
the
ing
It
crown.
Dutch
AND
artist
Pieter
painted by
was
Nason,
Holland
from
who
came
four
painted portraitsand
over
73
at
Restoration.
the
There
were
miniatures
Charles's
of
shown
ganza,
famous
the
at
her
was
lent
to
by
the
1866
Dirk
who
here
he
where
in 1686.
died
It
of
Portugal,
with
Katharine, and
he retired to Flanders,
Clarendon
The
cleaned
it
and
painted
was
artist settled in
England
to
over
came
the
Exhibition
Kensington
Flemish
II.
in
Watford,
of Clarendon.
Earl
Stoop,
resided
South
the
is
marriage
Grove,
the
The
Charles
to
sent
was
Portugal before
Clarendon
Gallery at
of Bra-
Exhibition.
Tudor
portrait which
seven
Katharine
queen,
from
by
COURTS
THEIR
pi6lure
fiftyyears ago, an
inscriptionnailed on the back stating that it was
is a replicaof this
the originalpifture. There
Portrait
Gallery. Stoop
pi6ture in the National
made
himself
an
etching of this portrait,which is
Head
The
and
scarce.^
piftureis described as
had, until it
was
some
**
shoulders
fallingon
single lock
small
side
each
bow
black
in
the
on
dark
the
on
slashed
gown
with
forehead, and
of
back
in
mass,
the
the
head.
sleeves
made
of
series
from
departure
arrival, and
landing at Portsmouth,
He
Portsmouth
Walpole
man,
got
named
and
his
Dutch, Roderigo
London,
to
into confusion
painter
the
supposes
engravers,
one
with
of lace
over
etchings illustrating
Portugal, her voyage,
Katharine's
She
chest.
Stoop
from
hair,
brown
waving
round
twisted
white
wears
uncovered,
head
was
Roderigo
name
in
was
and
not
Portuguese,
with
Peter
and
which
the
and
curiouslycon-
and
of this artist.
name
his
Theodore.
Peter, but
progress
brothers,
was
only
two
There
Thierry,
Theodoricus
or
Dirk
in Latin.
in
174
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
firm
Lord
She
**
this
costume,
of
first
on
she
wardrobe
the
the
Life," where
**
could
nor
out
to
sent
writes
resolved
was
dressed
Clarendon's
in
passage
Chancellor
landing to adhere to
be persuaded to be
that the king had
clothes
the
wear
which
she
The
favourite
are
those
are
the
portraitsof
Windsor
at
Hampton
The
title.
which
do
they
not
at
series consists
Mrs.
Frances
so
Countess
the
painted, as
Duchess
afterwards
fashion
Catherine
St.
of Richmond
of Rochester
Brooke,
was
also
of
the
was
York;
Henrietta
Mrs.
of Northumberland
of
(misnamed Countess
Ossory)
Brooke, Lady Denham
; Barbara, Duchess
Cleveland
Anne,
^
Vol.
Countess
ii.,
p.
320.
of
Countess
Falmouth
Elizabeth
of
deserve
present
it
Hyde,
Stewart, Duchess
Elizabeth,
of
was
Anne
Pepys;
Boyle, Countess
ton;
hung
now
portraitsof Lady
(which was long supposed,
likeness
of Elinor, Lady
of Cleveland
Frances
are
known
of
they
as
of them
long
were
IL
period
famous
most
Beauties, but
Court
of Charles
the Restoration
the
pi6luresby Lely
the
Court
of the
of ladies, and
as
that
fashion
in the
dressed
Sunderland
176
HISTORICAL
She
shown
seated
at
hand.
her
on
in
dressed
IS
PORTRAITS
white
This
satin
is
dress, and
table
with
is the
portrait referred
her
head
resting
to
by
Here
July 10, 1664 :
Lady showed
my
us
Lady Castlemayne's pifture finelydone,
my
beautiful
Lord, and a most
pi6lure it
given my
Pepys
"
on
is."
the
In
who
Knott,
few
is
virtuous
At
is
Court
Hampton
painted
painter Verelst
is
the
H.,
Flora
as
have
to
there
Court
Charles
of
Lely
Charles
at
women
the
Beauties
been
H.s
of
one
Duchess
another
of
mouth,
Ports-
the well-known
by
the
Court.
portraitof
at
of Mrs.
portraitby Wissing
supposed
Hampton
mistress
with
room
same
flower
52).
and
eccentric
virtuous
The
Margaret, Duchess
Lamb's
of Newcastle
heroines),
(one of Charles
hear
belongs partly to an earlier period, but we
of her in Charles's
most
reign. Her portraitby
exhibited
at South
Kensington in 1866.
Lely was
of her and
is an
There
Bishop
amusing anecdote
the possibility
work
of
wrote
Wilkins, who
a
on
The
duchess
asked
:
travellingto the moon.
I to find a place for haltingat
Do6lor, where
am
that
the way
to
planet.'^" The
bishop
on
up
of all the people in the world,
Madam,
answered
:
I never
expelled that question from you, who have
(see antey
p.
"
**
built
castles
many
so
she
published
and
to
"
My
prayer
first I
to
whereof
that
in
God
1667, and
In
the duke.
God,
might
Your
lie
may
since
prove
Grace
would
be
husband
dedicated
to
It hath
Lord,
noble
you
one
duchess
The
of your
own."
wrote
a life of her
night at
every
in
always
I have
an
must
been
honest
be the
pleased
to
been
your
and
which
the
she
my
says
hearty
wife, that
good wife,,
onely Judg.
enable
king
me
Next
to
set
JAMES
II.,
m'
J.
RILEV.
SOVEREIGNS
AND
declare
forth
and
loyal
aftions
king's beautiful
the
There
Orleans.
reign
sister
is
II.
a
as
the
at
by Dobson,
old
when
he
several
were
when
taken
National
the
shown
were
some
Charles, hand-
Exhibition, and
Stuart
was
brother
There
he
by
was
portraits
of
one
these,
boy. This
Castle.
The
portrait
from a paintingby Riley
Gallery. Anne
Hyde,
from Windsor
pifturecame
here reproduced is taken
in
of her
but
man,
ugly.
so
of him
of
like his
was,
young
means
no
mention
must
we
Exhibition.
the Tudor
James
of your
of
service
Henrietta, Duchess
truth
the
for the
endeavours,
l^^
COURTS
after ages,
to
and
THEIR
Portrait
was
the
National
Portrait
Gallery.
Several
portraitsof James's son, the Chevalier
the Hanoverians
St. George, known
as
among
the Pretender, and among
the Jacobites as James
shown
III., were
of
them
was
Stuart
picture by
with
marriage
the
at
the
Princess
Exhibition;
Carlo
Maratti
one
of
his
Clementina
Maria
Sobieska.
The
warming-pan
title of
(which
long been
story
Pretender) has
gave
rise
to
the
exploded, and
doubts
the parentage of Prince James,
nobody now
the testimony of so
but
it is interestingto have
ness
good a judge as Sir Godfrey Kneller, as to his likehis father
to
friend
that
queen's
own
he
had
and
seen
hand,
mother.
Dr.
Wallis
told
178
supposed
him
the
in
that
this time
it
all
was
Kneller
that
Oxford
at
was
Pepys
by Samuel
portrait for presentation to
when
present
spoke
once
"
Wallis
Wat
be
woman,
party,
I
wat
His
shall
nor
am
time
and
apiece,
their
by
both, that
be
of, and
Be
got
either
be
I can't
got
specialnote
Kneller
the
he
not
to
sent
much.
so
where
this occurred.
Dr.
There
National
is
one
like
so
face, but
sure
Nay,
Queen
the
sight of
Dr.
the
from
Paris
what
others
says
that
to
the
that
pi6tureof
England,
seemed
at
Aldrich, Dean
Master
of the
three
are
James
this Tm
mistaken.
Head
Hudson,
Gregory,
present.^
of
Hearne
Charlett,
Dr.
there
the
upon
of Wales
Dr.
his
in
be out in your
letters,but
you
may
makes
lines."
be out
in my
Hearne
that
of this in his Diary, and added
doubt
church,
in
his moders,
fullysatisfied
was
is
36
bit
and
child
moder,
or
be
I cannot
said that
Prince
the
feature
fader
fingersare
Do6lor,
was.
is
about
me
paint King
I say
his
be mistaken.
line
every
I could
memory.
got
nails of his
there
belongs
wat
know
and
of
satisfiet wit
am
to
sate
the
to
dinner
of Christ-
lege,
University ColLibrary Keeper, and
of
Savilian
portraitsof
Professors,
William
HI.
were
in the
Portrait
a
"Letters
Court
Gallery,and at Hampton
large and poor piftureof the king land-
by
bat
brick-
not
am
I cannot
wat
have
moder
faces.
just now
in
of
son
ly.
for him,
be
not
of, and
sure
fader
it is
got
te
at
said
and
manner
Wales
Prince
devil, de
de
He
statement.
in his vehement
out
University),and
the
the
made
Wallis
Dr.
paint
to
it clear
happened at
(having been
It
cheat.
there
sent
others
the
be
to
concerned
to
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
Eminent
Persons,"
181 3, vol.
ii.,pp.
137-8.
QUEEN
MARY
II.,
BY
WILLIAM
WISSING.
l8o
they
a
to
came
HISTORICAL
PORTRAITS
the
palace, not
see
South
Kensington
her
which
the
great
in
Kensington
duchess
hand,
which
at
South
her
of
he
Court
Anne*s
worthless
tastes.
of
man
is
note
of
Governor
New
in
great
the
who,
York.
the
at
men
it is
not
portraits. Lord
Clarendon,
James
as
of
favour
and
habits
from
of
supplanted
celebrated
The
at
nor
portrait
who
of their
dissolute
1867,
any
numerous,
of the
fell away
William
IIL,
right
spite her
represented
not
very
He
the
her
to
in
there
was
Gallery.
South
kept.
she
were
borough,
Marl-
shows
in
off
cut
Kensington
and
; it
Spencer
long hair
Marlborough
Portrait
National
her
of
(No. 90),by
of these
she
Exhibition,
Anne,
Queen
at
Earl
by
and
Duchess
the
There
portraitsat
Mrs.
Michael
of
Duchess
in four
which
hair
that
Stuart
miniatures
One
supporting
Neither
several
Jennings,
1867.
lent
was
husband,
the
Sarah
exhibited
was
Kneller,
Earl
by
Spencer.
by
with
other
Exhibition.
Stuart
The
lent
was
the
and
of Gloucester,
Duke
paintingsand
two
were
Marlborough,
William,
son.
Dahl,
at
of
Duke
the
by
as
at
portraits of Queen Anne
in 1867, one
by E. Lilly,lent
two
were
showed
sight themselves/'
There
be
to
and
IL
reward,
was
ignoble
and
made
ported
sup-
him
Here
he
1751.
disgusted the
affronted
public decency by rambling
people and
in the dress of a woman.*'
abroad
He
was
painted
in the possession of the
thus, and this portraitwas
late Lord
Worcester.
co.
Hampton, at Westwood,
was
obliged to recall him from his
Queen Anne
He
succeeded
his father's title as
to
3rd
post.
"
265.
Letter
to
Mann,
August 31st,
QUEEN
ANNE,
BY
JOHN
CLOSTERMAN.
SOVEREIGNS
Earl
of
THEIR
AND
Clarendon
and
1709,
in
l8l
COURTS
in
he
17 14
was
Churchill,
third
daughter
(No. 160).
**
An
This
in
angers
is
his
lines
two
"
With
the
At
The
are
Zeuxis'
supplies
eyes."
Martha
by Pope
to
which
the
Helen
and
fair-haired
This
taken
exhibition
same
of
portraits
'"
sweetness,
of
Bridgewater's
or
Bridgewater,
Marlborough
"
above
beauty, waking
Thence
of
Countess
was
Theresa
Martha
pi6lurecontaining
Blount
(No. 152).
Teresa
and
brown."
was
doubtless
is
epistle:
"
We
come
now
period
"
pleasingBlount
Each
of great
men
value
of the
to
it
the
shall endless
period
interest
of the
contents
bestow."
of the four
as
is
Georges
of the
account
on
produced,
smiles
seen
Guelph
from
tinguished
disthe
Exhibition
of
1891.
Kneller
of
most
on
much
lower
level
of
artistic
attainment.
Little patronage
to be expedled from
was
George
II., who
tempt
slightedHogarth, and expressed his confor
The
Wootton
and
bainting."
rather
pretentiouspidlure by
containing the portraitsof
"
boetry
Eckardt
Sir
and
Robert
82
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
Shorter
(Lady Walpole),
VValpole and Catherine
although in a frame carved by Gibbons, only sold
Hill Sale for "$1
was
at the Strawberry
gs., and
The
bought by the Marquis of Lansdowne.
miniatures
from
taken
by Zincke,
portraitswere
the
and
engraved in the colpifture itself was
Letters/'
lefted edition of Walpole s
of Commons
famous
The
pidlureof the House
in 1730, attributed
to
Hogarth and Thornhill, was
of 1867
lent to the South
Kensington Exhibition
It contains
portraits
by the Earl of Hardwicke.
pole,
Walof the Speaker, Arthur
Onslow, Sir Robert
Sidney Godolphin, the father of the House
**
of
Colonel
Commons,
Richard
and
Onslow,
Sir
world, from
in the
greatly in
known
the
to
Pepys's
"*
us
of Charles
Restoration
all
the
as
earl, who
ist
II., and
*'
Lord
My
**
assisted
of
is
Samuel
Diary."
is
There
the
full-length
portraitby John Liotard
of John, 4th Earl
of Sandwich
(i718-1792) in
Turkish
with a white
turban
and yellow
costume,
borough,
slippers. This earl lived to be painted by Gainsa
and
of the
his
is best
Admiralty
not
very
Wilkes.
the
he
He
in
known
George
creditable
was,
to
us
III.s
condu6l
however,
First
as
reign,and
towards
well
Lord
known
for
John
in
man
of
traordinary
ExGeorge II., and was Ambassador
to the Hague, 1746- 1748, and
Minister
Plenipotentiaryto the Congress of Aix la Chapelle
in
reign
November,
showed
ready wit
Envoys were
his
various
is said
1746.
to
have
given as
On
at
the
a
latter
dinner
invited.
a
toast,
The
**
His
to
occasion
he
which
the
Frenchman
royal master
GEORGE
I.,
BY
SIR
G.
KNELLER.
184
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
Walpole's explanation is
beauties
two
were
not
much
as
when
after
married
they were
when
they were
together.
Their
good fortune was very
had
no
money,
the
stage.
the
Court
It
at
was
said
of the
Elizabeth
the
Duke
Lieutenant
of
to
go on
attended
they
of
Ireland
they
The
Woffington.
Earl
of Coventry,
Peg
the
the
married
They
intended
that when
from
married
elder, Maria,
remarkable.
time
one
Lord-
dresses
borrowed
four
and
for the
satisfa6lory,
thought of and run
and
separated as
Duke
of Hamilton
Argyll, and
was
and
and
wards
after-
the mother
of
dukes.
famous
mal
a
Coventry who made
The
a
propos speech to George II.
king was
conversing with her on the dulness of the town,
for her sake, that there had been
and regretting
no
As
for sights,*'
masquerades during the year.
I am
said the beauty,
quite satisfied with them,
is only one
I am
there
which
and
to
see,
eager
that is a coronation."
George is reported to have
been
blunder,
highly diverted with the awkward
and
repeated it to his family with great good
As a fa6l.Lady Coventry did not herself
humour.
the coronation
live to see
of George III.
It
was
Lady
**
"
The
duchess
to
was
Queen
one
of the
Ladies
Charlotte, whom
of the
she
chamber
Bed-
panied
accom-
England from
Mecklenburg-Strelitz
previous to her marriage with George III.
and
Francis
Cotes
Gavin
Hamilton
painted
of Coventry, and
the
portraits of the Countess
Earl
of
Coventry lent to the Guelph
present
Exhibition
a
pidlure by Hogarth containing portraits
of the 6th earl with his wife, Maria
Gunning.
exhibition
At
the
a
same
was
portrait of the
Duchess
of Hamilton
by Reynolds.
The
portraitsof George III. are very numerous
to
CEORGE
II.,
BY
T.
WORLIDGE.
SOVEREIGNS
and
AND
of very
Vanloo
in
his
Palace
group
is
unequal
THEIR
merit.
childhood,
that
by
COURTS
He
painted by
was
and
85
Buckingham
at
artist of
Princess
the
and
her children
the Princess
Augusta of Wales
Prince
Duchess
of Brunswick,
Augusta, afterwards
Duke
of York,
George, Prince Edward, afterwards
is
A
and
similar picture by Knapton
others.
Portrait
At
the
National
Court.
at
Hampton
Wilson
Gallery is a piftureby Richard
containing
portraitsof the king as Prince of Wales, and of
"
Prince
Edward
as
of York.
Duke
The
admirable
Duke
of
Kent,
the
Dukes
of
Cumberland,
and
**
"
"
wonder,"
observed
it
was
Duke
of
Sussex
in which
the apartment,
that George II. struck
my
passing through
rooms
the
**
while
of these
father.
86
The
blow
so
disgusted
afterwards
never
it
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
as
could
him
he
be
with
the
induced
place
to
that
think
of
residence."
for
a
glorious one
George III/s reign was
and as Reynolds, Gainsborough,
artistic portraiture,
and
and
Raeburn,
Romney, and later Lawrence,
for parts and
famous
Hoppner painted every one
Britain, it is clearlyimpossible
beauty in Great
than
here to do more
refer in general terms
to the
splendid portraits with which
public and
every
private gallery of any pretence is full.
of 1867
To
the South
Kensington Exhibition
the late Lord
Sherborne
lent a portrait(No. 419)
of the Right Hon.
Henry Bilson Legge, third son
of the
of the
1st
Earl
of Dartmouth,
who
was
Chancellor
"*
Exchequer
in
GEORGE
III.,
BY
ALLAX
RAMSAY.
88
Lamb
in
garden,
the pidlure and
engraved under
"
with
was
'*
Brothers
bought
the
for
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
returned
picture
it
pleased
painter. It
not
was
the
to
Affecflionate
the
Earl
Leopold, 5th
Peter
and
the father
but
Sir
from
Cowper,
Joshuas
executors
2^800.
In
**Ah!
The
old
my
picture
1830 Wilkie
is
in
now
painted
and
master,
in full
the
very
like
lery.
Gal-
National
Highland costume
;
exhibited
of
the
Duke
at
Wellington, and was
South
Lawrence
was
largely
Kensington in 1868.
patronised by George IV., and engaged to paint
Waterloo
the
valuable
of portraits in the
series
Castle.
Gallery at Windsor
tunate
There
two
are
portraits of George IV.'s unforwife, Caroline
of Brunswick,
at
the
Gallery, one
by Sir Thomas
and
the other
by James Lonsdale.
is a pidlure of
At
Court
Hampton
National
Lawrence
Portrait
(afterwards William
greatly injured by
Clarence
which
was
in
House
sufficient
le6led
the
1874
give
it
of
Duke
IV.) by Hoppner,
the
fire
repaired
was
idea
some
Carlton
at
of
what
with
the
originallylike.
Vid:orian
several
Consort,
to
success
pi6lure was
At
In
1824.
the
and
Exhibition
there
the
Queen,
portraits
the
members
of
of the
were
the
colPrince
Royal family.
GEORGE
IV.,
BY
SIR
THOMAS
LAWRENCE.
IX.
CHAPTER
PROFESSIONS
THE
**
showing
colle6lion,
of
Walter
(on
Scott
The
learned
and
styled
represented
by
of
two
the
first
there
lately
quite
medical
Sir
proposal
is
Brodie
the
In
has
carried
first
such
as
it is
but
to
talk
some
of
but
peerage,
Lord
and
out,
medical
case
gone
the
to
well
the
prizes,
formerly
was
were
been
men.
peerage
never
was
P.R.S.,
Lister,
Benjamin
have
great
Law,
song,
chancellorships,
lord
that
the
comic
grades,**
are
There
man.
raising
the
black
and
Sir
"
old
an
distinguished
archbishoprics
only
"
in
which,
"three
the
dressed."
Church,
the
professions
"
and
tinguished
dis-
most
Portraits),
Lodges
Medicine
the
how
pencil
moved,
looked,
ancestors
our
the
by
us
peer.
Clergy.
the
that
of
Canterbury
by
who
this
archbishop,
describes
visit
Dillon
and
he
strangely
describes
for
high
his
"his
in
on
portrait
his
of
the
to
"
06lober
this
found
pro-
approved
Holbein,
to
Ditchley
with
and
sent
Evelyn,
begins
of
account
attributed
to
Archbishops
selected
conversation,
Exhibition.
Tudor
1664,
on
Lord
wisdom.**
great
of
fa6l
the
to
Palace
was
virtuous
cunning,
portraits
VIII.
Henry
drawn
Lambeth
at
Warham,
office
been
of authentic
series
William
already
has
Attention
Diary,**
20th,
portrait
as
HISTORICAL
igO
*'
pi6lureof
the
lent
was
Lambeth
Pope." The
portrait
South
of
Kensington Exhibition
the
to
PORTRAITS
1866.
Warham
of
Cranmer,
was
the
to
Tudor
Cranach,
in
successor
whom
three
Exhibition,
one
of
Canterburylent
portraitswere
see
attributed
Frewen
Edward
Mr.
by
the
Lucas
to
attributed
; one
Holbein,
to
the
The
Exhibition,
Tudor
of the
and
Hunt.
trait
Por-
this book.
Pole
where
lent
were
shown
was
munificent
the
to
trait
por-
Parker, lent by
Archbishop
Lord
SackCorpus Christi College,Cambridge.
ville lent a portraitof Whitgift to
the Tudor
Exhibition.
Bancroft
the first Archbishop of
was
Canterbury appointed in the reign of James L,
his portraitwas
lent to the South
and
Kensington
Exhibition
of 1866
bridge.
by the University of CamThere
is
Gallery,
Portrait
the
Laud
Archbishop
of
among
Canterbury, but
offended
he
certain
his
to
extent
of
one
the
have
being
very
deficient
the
in
see
ment
judg-
which
the
known.
un-
guished
distin-
held
by changes
after
is
most
who
necessary
He
paid
National
which
those
many
were
of
painter
was
men
also in the
of him
one
to
laxityof
popular
dearly for his unbeen
he
has
aftions, and
demned
severely conby historians, Macaulay going so far as
predecessor.
call him
"
poor
creature,
who
never
did, said^
nary
the ordithan
anything indicatingmore
old woman,"
a
prejudiced
capacity of an
criticism that is more
likelyto injurethe memory
the subje6l of his criticism.
than
of the writer
or
The
wrote
revived
interest
in Laud,
and
the devotion
ta
ARCHBISHOP
CRANMER
BY
G.
FLICCIUS
HISTORICAL
192
other
Many
but
mentioned,
PORTRAITS
be
a
few.
fine
painted
portrait
he
when
attributed
to
of
saintlyCardinal
the
had
the
attained
Holbein,
is
of
age
preserved
Fisher,
St.
at
74, and
John's
cheerfulness
unabated
Dr.
was
as
an
White
man
Kennet,
of mark
author, but
by
Kensington
was
lent
to
the
in
he
Rev.
Exhibition
the
last."
Bishop of
his day, both
Peterborough
politicsand
had
enemies.
His
portrait
Emilius
Bayley to the South
of
1867.
in
ARCHBISHOP
COPY
LAUD.
BY
HKNRY
OF
VANDYCK'S
STONE.
PORTRAIT
THE
Early
PROFESSIONS
93
the
declined, and
flocked
the
to
the
to
church
the wife
his
drawn
the
of
for
wig
its
Chancellor, alludes
Lord
Dr.
"
Do6lor
the
upon
Dean
Kennet,
of
borough,
Peter-
altar-piece
paintedand set up
Dr.
Kennet's
pi6lure was
of
an
where
church
had
sure,
got
pi6lureuntil the
removal.
Lady
correspondence : Dn
suspe6led to be a Jesuit,
was
had
the
see
Crowds
in her
quarrelwith
upon
to
of the
who
.
substituted.
was
ordered
circumstance
Walton
in
dean
London
of
Bishop
Cowper,
the
make
to
it the
more
great black
forehead."
III.'s favourite
George
bishops,Richard
Hurd, of Worcester, by Gainsborough, at Hampton
Court, but it is not a strikingpifture.
Several portraitsof the bishops of the Viftorian
Blon)fieldof London,
era, as
Philpottsof Exeter,
one
.Wilberforce
of
Oxford,
and
afterwards
of
have
century,
to
were
be
the
at
seen
chester,
Winwho
teenth
nine-
Viftorian
Exhibition.
It would
the
grades
have
been
be
of
impossible here
the clergy and
famous, and
of who^
to
go
mention
we
through
all
thpse who
wish
naturfilly
good portraits
; l?uttwo
great Deanai of St.
-P^ml's must, not be passed by unnoticed: o John
to
see
Colet,' the
friend
of
Budaeus
and
Erasmus,
and
,
Tiimself
brie
of
the
shining-^hts
o*'
among
th^
HISTORICAL
194
PORTRAITS
labourers
portrait is
No
his
Colet, and
His
Westminster
by
membered
re-
the
at
Alexander
be
ever
the founder
as
learning,will
of
In this connexion
he
was
passing notice
be taken
of three great head
masters
must
Lily,
William
Lily,the first master
Busby, and Arnold.
head
master.
"
of St.
the
Paul's
School, will
of
author
have
to
appear
as
mended
Evelyn recombut he does
to get his portrait,
successful
been
in obtaining
Lily'sGrammar.
Clarendon
not
remembered
be
ever
one.
Richard
Dr.
that
time
sixteen
had
Busby,
lived, who
ever
of
out
whole
the
portrait,but
by him,
fortunatelywe
likenesses
him
which
of these
is the
the
chief
of
John Riley,which
is
taken
at
one
bishops
not
have
fine
of
bench
would
were
charafteristic
after death
portraitattributed
of the
one
that
boasted
educated
been
masters
greatest school-
of the
one
chief
to
of
ornaments
The
face
grand hall of Christ Church, Oxford.
in the background is supposed to be that of the
Rev.
in his time
Philip Henry, who was
Busby's
favourite pupil,and who
ally
always spoke enthusiasticLord
of his obligationsto his master,
The
the
"
it
recompense
but
thousandfold
into
his
bosom,"
this is doubtful.
At
the
Viftorian
Exhibition
of the
R.A.,
by J. Phillips,
Rugby,
which
lent
was
by
Mrs.
shown
was
great
Arnold
Frances
portrait
of
Arnold.
of
with the portraits
uncertaintyconne6led
John Knox
Carlyle material for the compilation
gave
of an
This
interestingessay.
inquiry illusThe
'
"The
("The
Portraits
Early Kings
of
of
John
Knox."
By
Thomas
Ciurlyle
ARCHBISHOP
TILLOTSOX,
BY
MARY
BEALE.
,196
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
plicationoccurred.
Beza's
Goulart's
added
Kno^
was
Knox
a
as
but
given,
portraitof Beza.
was
House
was
Torphichen portraitat Calder
of
South
exhibited
at the
Kensington Exhibition
1866.
Carlyle liked this as little as the Beza
which
he supposed it to be copied,
from
portrait,
in it as a
described
it as
and
having no worth
the
considered
portrait at the
painting," He
Glasgow University,and that by De Vos in the
of Edinburgh, to be of
possessionof Miss Knox
Palace he altogether
Hamilton
value.
That
at
no
repudiated,supposing it to be a portraitof the professed
of the family. The
portrait
Merry Andrew
in the National Portrait Gallery was
presented by
in 1859, but Carlyle does
of Buccleuch
the Duke
The
**
refer
not
to
this.
ward
Knight has the credit of bringing forthe only satisfa6lory
portraitof Knox, known
the Somerville
as
graving
portrait. He published an enit in a colle6lion of portraitsfor the
from
Society for diffusingUseful Knowledge in 1836,
Pi6lorial History" of England in
apd again in the
Charles
**
On
1849.
the
the death
after
peerage,
iecame
extin6l, and
of the
four
this
last Baron
centuries
Somerville
of
existence,
pi6lure came
Mrs.
Ralph
into
the
Smyth, of
-possessionof the Hon.
Tradition
Gaybrook, MuUingar, Ireland.
rieports
4hat it was
brought into the family by James, ijtk
Xx"rd
Somerville,
who
is mentioned
in
BosweU's
''"Life of Johnson."
c.
There
is
on
this
-was
dire"ft evidence
in favour
of
the
likeness, but
sBoehm
no
when
"
LORD
CHANCELLOR
BACON,
BY
P.
VAN
SOMER.
THE
Pourbus, ^nd
his
corroborate
to
portraitsby
Pourbus
\vith.
In
this
he
Royal
Society
Buchanan
search
meet
the
which
House,
Burlington
97
opinion he sought
that he could
and
study
to
at
PROFESSIONS
was
painted by Pourbus.
In closingthis notice of the clergymention
may
made
of
of
such
l?e
portraits
distinguishedpreachers
as
Wesley and Whitefield, which will be found in
the National
Portrait Gallery.
'
Law.
chancellors
Early
churchmen,
wer^
and
Sir Thomas
officials,
lawyer to hpld the office who
More
most
a6l
as
judge
but
were
as
the first
was
to
competent
was
bishops*were
again chancellors.
beautiful
Thq
portrait of
which
has
belongs
been
those
and
real
which
portraitswhich
help
succeeded
you
to
known,
exhibited.
times
you
feel
It is
to
understand
Holbein,
by
is well
Huth,
to. Mr.
several
More
be
the
as
it
of
one
likenesses,
More
man.
Sir Thomas
Audley (afterwards:
Lord
Audley),part founder of Magdalene Colleger
Cambridge, where will be found a portraitof him,:
Sir Nicholas
Bacon
was
only Lord Keeper, aiid
attained
cellor.
Chanto the higher office of Lord
oever
A portraitof him
lent to the Tudor
was
Exhibition by Corpus Christi College,Cambridge.
was
He
his
fat in his
grew
seat
three
by
on
taps with
^le had
his staff
recovered
proceed.
i:night
his
On
one
on
the
breath
occasion
floor
as
and
that
Queen
he
of
took
giving
sign that
business
Elizabeth,
Sir Nicholas's
soul lodges well," and
remarked,
esf^oother^ when she visited him at Gorhambury,
she remarked
that the house was
littlefor him;
too
"
198
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
but
quickly rejoined, No, madam,
you
There
made
house.'*
is a
have
too big for my
me
Portrait Gallery.
portraitof Bacon in the National
Sir Thomas
Bacon, and a
Bromley succeeded
Exhibition
lent to the Tudor
portraitof him was
in 1890 by Mr. G. E. Martin.
little
Sir Christopher Hatton, who
knew
very
of law, was
in Chancery,
helped by a Master
with him on
who
the bench.
His portraitby
sat
but
he
**
Cornelius
the
by
Ketel
Earl
lent
was
and
Viscount
the
attendants
his court,
him
"Lord
at
him
the
before
earldom
The
Exhibition
Tudor
Egerton, afterwards
not
Brackley, was
styled
promised to create
died
the
of Winchilsea.
Sir Thomas
he
to
and
the
of
by
wits
of
some
of Westminster
James
I.
Bridgewater, but
could
conferred
was
liked
Breaklaw."
Earl
patent
Ellesmere
Lord
be
upon
made
out.
son.
His
his
that
he
may
be
mentioned
here
or
amongst
There
literarymen.
in
portraitsof him ; one
are
by Van Somer
many
Portrait Gallery,and another
the National
by the
artist at the Royal Society.
same
We
generallyexpe6l a good portraitto give us
scientific
an
idea
men
of the
or
amongst
chara6ler
of the
man,
but
few
could
of his frown.
LORD
CHANXKLLOR
JEFFREYS,
P.Y
SIR
O.
KNELLER.
HISTORICAL
200
PORTRAITS
Portrait
Gallery. Portraits
Brougham, Chelmsford, and
Vi6lorian
the
at
There
are
Cairns,
1891-2.
Exhibition,
Lyndhurst,
shown
were
distinguishedlawyers and
other
many
Lords
of
English physician,and
L
and
Henry VHL
His
Castle, and
portraitis
the
to
The
South
portrait at
Kensington
the College
Dr.
Munk,
Miller,
the
to
William
Windsor
at
artist of considerable
it
Exhibition
of
of
1866.
cording
Physicians is,ac-
made
copy
lent
was
College bedel,
merit, from
an
in
an
18
by
10
amateur
originalpicture
in
Kensington Palace.
Another
physician to Henry
to
have
William
been
man
Butts, whose
in
of
mark
name
who
VHL;
in
seems
day, was
Sir
is immortalized
by
his
the
He
VHL"
play of "Henry
the friend of Wokey,
Cranmer, and Latimer,
was
and a patron of Cheke
and
Thirlby. His portrait
by Holbein was lent to the South Kensington
Exhibition
of 1866
Pole
H.
Carew,
by Mr. W.
appearing
and
his altar
tomb, which
was
erected in Fulham
^
^LORD
CHANCELLOR
THURLOW,
BY
T.
PHILLIPF.
'
THE
Church,
surmounted
was
201
PROFESSIONS
with
his
effigyin brass,
troduced
portraitof Dn Butts is inVIII.
into the large pifture of Henry
pany,
granting the charter to the Barber Surgeons Comstillin the possession of the company,
a pi6lure
is supposed to
have
which
been
commenced
by
Holbein
and finished by a later and inferior hand.
John Chambre, M.D., the first in order of the six
mentioned
in the letters patent
physiciansspecially
for the foundation
of the Royal
of Henry VIII.
into the
College of Physicians is also introduced
pifture. A portrait of Lady Butts (Margaret
a
gentlewoman in the service of
Bacon), who was
the Princess
Mary (afterwardsqueen),by Holbein,
clad
in
was
shown
The
armour.
The
importance
I. and
circulation
him
Exhibition.
Tudor
next
James
the
at
Charles
I.,and
blood.
of the
the
There
discoverer
is
painting of
at
of the
at
one
the
James
chemist
of
as
countryman,
prepare
I., and
I.,Charles
well
as
II.
physician,and
Jean Petitot,
colours
Charles
for his
the
enamel
miniatures.
He
was
helped
his
painter, to
There
was
he
was
There
is a por^ait of him
greatlyesteemed.
where
is also one
of
at the College of Pliysicians,
the great 'niomasSydenham;! MJ).; "the English
not
202
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
Of Sir Edmund
Hippocrates," by Mary Beale.
King, M.D., physician to Charles II., whose portrait
is in the dining-room of the college,an
teresting
inanecdote
Headed
with
Cane":
last
his
where
he
*'
is told
in
MacmichaeFs
When
the
king
illness,it
in
was
Gold
first seized
was
his
"
bedchamber^
fit,so
surprised by an apople"5lic
that if by God's providence Dr. King had not been
accidentallypresent to let him blood (having his
lancet in his pocket) His
Majesty had certainly
of
died
that moment;
which
been
might have
direful consequence,
there being nobody with the
It was
this doftor
and one
sidered
conmore.
king save
tion,
of extraordinary dexterity,resolua mark
was
and
blood
in the
coming
have
been
do6lor
let him
to
which
physicians,
staying the
regularlyshould
for
it
very
of other
in the
of mind
presence
done,
without
paroxysm,
and
of which
want
at
was
regular pardon.
The
Council,
however,
Privy
approved of
what
he had
him
ordered
done, and
;^i,ooo
him."
the
which, by
never
paid
bye, was
There
is a portraitof John Radcliffe, M.D., by
Kneller
the college,and
the Radcliffe
at
at
one
shown
the South
at
was
Library, Oxford, which
also
of 1867, where
was
Kensington Exhibition
Mead, M.D., by Michael
portrait of Richard
a
require
"
Dahl.
Both
of
attendance
on
thesQ.pidures were
the
Princess
shown
at
Amelia^
the^Sotrtb
SIR
EDWARD
CORK,
BV
CORNKLIS
JANSSKN
VAN
CEULEN.
historical
?04
ppi^trai'^s
The
Navy.
professions naturallyfollow
the sailors
the fightingprofessions,
of these
and
in respeft to
have
much
the best of the soldiers
exhibited
portraits. As already noted, there is
no
galleryof the latter such as the Naval Gallery
at Greenwich
Hospital.
Sir John Wallop, K.G-,
A portrait of Admiral
lent by the Earl of Portsmouth
to
by Holbein, was
of 1866.
the South
Wallop
Kensington Museum
made
of Calais, and
Governor
was
a
Knight of
served
his king all his
the Garter
He
in 1543.
"lief tnilyand faithfully,"
and "spent the revenues
lands in that service."
and prbfyttsof his owne
of Effingham (afterHoward
Charles, 2nd Lord
wards
Earl of Nottingham), Lord
High Admiral,
stands
arid vanquisher of the Spanish Armada,
His
in historyas one
of our
out
greatest sailors.
lent by the Lords
of the Admiralty
portrait was
of 1866.
the South
to
Kensington Exhibition
Sir Martin
Frobisher, the great navigator,was
the day after the third
knighted by Lord Howard
His
1588.
portraitis
sea-fightwith the Armada,
Dulwich
at
College, and another, by Cornelius
Ketel, in the Bodleian
Gallery,Oxford.
Sir
There
is a pifture of Sir John Hawkins,
:
After
learned
the
'
Francis
which
at
is
Newbattle
Admiral
was
1866
When
lent
by
from
copy
Ca^vendish
the
wich,
Green-
originalby Mytens
Blake's
the
Mr.
portraitby Harineman
Kensington Exhibition
South
Fountaine;
Andrew
is at Wadham
anonymous,
Blake
first went
to
as
at
Abbey.
eclipsed that
land
Robert
to
Thomas
and
Drake,
which
General
he. jhad.
Blake.
of
anoUiei: portrait,
College,,Oxford.
sea
his
fame
soon
previouslygained
ba
WILLIAM
HARVEY,
M.D.
THE
205
PROFESSIONS
The
Greenwich
the
are
those
portraitsat
tion,
of the Restora-
of the admirals
are
by Lely, which
They
Flagmen."
"
of
interesting series
most
referred
by Pepys as
painted for James,
were
to
portraitsof the
of Albemarle, Sir Thomas
Duke
Allin, Sir George
Berkeley, Sir John Harman"
Ayscue, Sir William
Sir Joseph Jordan, Sir Christopher Myngs, Sir
wich,
William
Penn, Prince
Rupert, the Earl of SandSir Thomas
TeddiSir Jeremy Smith, and
All
the exception of Prince
these, with
man.
Windsor
Castle
from
and
taken
Rupert, were
A
of a
presented by George IV. in 1824.
copy
Rupert, by Lely,
full-lengthportrait of Prince
IV. in 1835.
was
presented by William
At
Hampton Court there is a portraitby Lely
of Sir John Lawson,
included
who
not
was
among
of York.
the admirals
painted for the Duke
several portraitsof the Earl of SandThere
wich
are
there
is
by Lely at Hinchingbroke, where
also one
by Feliziano, painted during his embassy
told by Creed
in Spain. Pepys was
on
September
lord' wears
beard
a
27th, 1667, that "'my
now,
he iji
in the Spanish manner,"
and
turned
so
up
traordinary
Exin this portrait. When
shown
Ambassador
of
Duke
York,
at
from
the
herself
Chades
Sebastian
Lord
A
tures
Mother
Sandwich
"
the
son
Court
These
Herrera.
received
full-lengthportraitsof
(the widow s weejds *"
religioushabit
Spain), and of her
I., painted by the
de
of
Lord
are
child
King
painter. Doit
at
'Hinching^
Varider
pi(5lureby W.
of the Battle of Southwold
Bay, in whicli
Sandwich
perished.May 28th, 1672.
case
hangs near this pi6lurecontaining minia:
wich,
by Cooper, of Edward, ^ist Earl of Sandhisu wife] -also a
and
Jemima
fragment of
broke, where
Velde
consist
Madrid,
Queen
in
in
worn
and
is also
206
HISTORICAL
of the
ribbon
which
of
both
There
portraitof
Michael
by
washed
National
the
watch,
of
body
Lord
Sandwich
at
Hampton
Portrait
the famous
Sir
from
Gallery.
Cloudesley Shovel
Court, is
Hampton
Gallery at Greenwich.
Captain William
Dampier,
Painted
portraitof
in the
served
and
ashore.
Dahl, taken
in the
now
Garter
on
of
portraits
in the
and
Court
found
were
also
are
of the
Order
when
Sandwich
PORTRAITS
Dutch
War,
but
is better
who
known
as
Admiral
Edward
Russell, Earl
Orford,
of
the
vi(5lor of La
the
and
Admiral
Edward
Vernon,
the hero
of Portobello,
who
Gainsborough.
Philip Thicknesse,
"I
visited Ipswich in 1758, wrote:
immediately
visited Mr. Gainsborough.
He
received
me
in which
stood several porin his paintingroom,
traits,
trulydrawn, perfedllylike,but stiffly
painted
coloured.
and
them
the late
worse
was
Among
to
sat
Admiral
had
he
after
One
only."
National
by
Mr.
for
Vernon's,
B.
taken
it
Porto
not
was
Bello
years
many
with
six
ships
of
Exhibition.
A
considerable
number
of
portraitsof
: several
painted by Bockman
at Hampton
Court, as Lord
Anson,
are
Sir John Jennings, etc.
John Benbow,
heroes
were
named,
pital and
who
was
Ranger
Governor
of
of
Greenwich
Greenwich
Park,
naval
of these
Admiral
The
was
last
H09.al$9
JOHN
HUNTER,
AFTER
REYNOLDS,
BY
JOHN
JACKSON,
R.A.
208
than
extent
There
of the navy."
of
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
him
he
when
is
amusing story
an
quite a
was
of the affection
young
told
which,
man,
**
result of
the
in
fleet, ended
an
with
engagement
court-martial.
French
the
Keppel
was
quitted,
ac-
and
"
the
counsel, and
for
portrait
other
assure
possess the
and
me,
y^ry
alone, and
stands
to
to
had
takes
me
I intend
on
asked
excellent
Burke
that it ^hall
so
youns
continue,
mark
most
dear
Lee
Reynolds instead.
dear
you, my
portraitsof friends
"
"who
Dance,
by
likenesses,"but he got
wrote,
Burke.
to
copy
lived.
Lee's
His
own
widow
left
portrait was
it
to
Earl; Fitzwitliam.
NELSON,
BY
L. F. ABBOTT.
THE
209
the
hung side by side. When
F. B.
Hon.
Massey Mainwaring lent the two
the condition
portraitsto the Guelph Exhibition
that they should not be separated. Dunning's
was
is in the National
Portrait
Gallery. The
copy
in the National
Gallerywas one of Sir Robert
copy
Erskine's.
have
Peel's
been
pi6lures,and may
The
originalbelongs to the Earl of Albemarle.
The
Corporation of the City of London
possess
Admiral
of
Sir
W.
Jervis,
a
Beechey
portraitby
and
himself
PROFESSIONS
took
who
have
vi6loryover
his famous
from
St.
Vincent,
1797The
of
number
Nelson, is
sailor,Horatio
is sufficient
National
to
were
Lord
that
note
to
great
there
describe, it
three
are
in
the
Gallery. Portraits by J. F.
Guzzaldi
belong to Earl Nelson,
portraitis at St. James's Palace.
L.
s
there
189 1-2
as for instance
portraitsof several great sailors,
the
Vi6lorian
and
Lyons
Exhibition
Sir Charles
The
It
too
Portrait
Rigaud and
and Hoppner
At
not
was
until
in
J. Napier.
Army.
the
of
end
the
seventeenth
generals and
between
Previous
to
that time
there
was
her
were
the
son
second
husband,
himself
at
of Suffolk, and
Duchess
of Katherine,
Robert
Battle
the
Bertie.
of
He
Zutphen,
tinguished
diswhen
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
210
him
believe
to
we
distinguished,and
may
have been popular,as the ballad-makers
styledhim
Lord
brave
the
good Lord Willobie," and the
last lines of the first stanza
Willoughbey." The
Lord
Brave
of the ballad of
run
:
Willoughbey
was
"
**
"
"
**
But
bravest
the
brave
Was
Willoughbey."
lent to
portrait was
(1890) by the present Earl
the
His
was
Vaughan,
Governor
but
words
for you
doe
withe
Lord
to
the
them
swete
Lord-
and
been
the work
was
inscribed
that
realme
ofte
and
wache
times
suche
and
deserve
to
Sandwich
lent
looking
of
exhibition
Robert
Essex,
lent
was
the
shows
of
wax
him
to
and
^
the
and
artist.
to
Dobson
been
that
the
of
of
Monk
of
appearance
figurein Westminster
have
Earl
another
have
We
General
marle,
of Albe-
Duke
the
figure.
We
generallysuppose
Roundheads
portraitof
Walker,
same
judging
at
portraitof Monk,
the
by
of
parliamentary general,
the
3rd Earl
same
by
which
Harry
of 1866
Kensington Exhibition
by the
The
Earl of Hardwicke
John Thynne.
Lambert
means
of
Devereux,
South
lent
frame
prince and
bludy
portrait
Robert
Rev.
1866
MDCXI."
gayne.
The
the
the
On
their
have
to
Remember
"
waite
as
of
reign of Elizabeth,
Vaughan. The picturewas
it appears
Gerrard.
Mark
these
Castle
of Brecknock
Frances
by Lady
anonymous,
of
Lord
Ancaster, then
of
of Breconshire, in the
Lieutenant
lent
Exhibition
Tudor
Eresby.
South
Kensington Exhibition
excellent
an
portraitof General
the
there
de
Willoughby
At
in battel
man
Lord
by
Abbey,
short
Walker
stout
painted the
Royalists,but there
**
Book
Percy's Reliques,"Series ii.,
2.
GEORGE
MONCK,
DUKE
OF
ALBEMARLE,
BY
SIR
P.
LELY.
THE
exceptions
were
Walker
sent
to
PROFESSIONS
this
to
South
211
rule, for
G.
Mr.
Kensington
J. A.
portrait of
Cornet
and
in the
National
Joyce by Dobson,
Portrait
Lord
Fairfax,
Gallery is one of Thomas,
with his wife, which
was
painted by this artist.
There
three or four portraits
of the great Duke
are
of Marlborough in the National
Portrait Gallery,
one
painted at an early age by Jan Wyck, another
others
by John Closterman, and two
by Kneller.
One
of these is a sketch
in oil for an
equestrian
surrounded
by allegoricalfigures. The
portrait,
pictureof which this is a sketch belongs to the
jEarl of Chichester, and
lent to the Guelph
was
Exhibition.
Earl
a
portrait by
Spencer has
Vanloo.
The
of
Duke
Marlborough
present
other portraits,
has, among
one
by Kneller, where
the duke
is seated
at a
table, and General
John
Armstrong is showing him the plan of the siege of
Bouchain.
Admiral
Warde
lent
the
South
Kensington
Exhibition
of 1868
a
James
portrait of General
Wolfe, the hero of Quebec, by Benjamin West.
The
Duke
of Sutherland
a portraitof
possesses
served
John, I St Earl
through
Ligonier, who
Marlborough's campaigns with distinction, and
and commanderwas
subsequently a field-marshal
in-chief; it was
painted by Reynolds.
One
of Reynolds's finest portraits is that of
of
Heathfield, the defender
George Eliot, Lord
Gibraltar, in the National
Gallery; he is seen with
the key of the fortress firmlygrasped in his hand,
and
almost
Constable
said the picture was
a
Mr. Ruskin,
historyof the defence of Gibraltar."
however, refers to the picture as
nothing more
than
an
English gentleman in an obstinate state
of mind
I
about
keys, with an expression which
conceive
csLti
so
exceedingly stout a gentleman of
to
"
**
"
HISTORICAL
212
that
the
ing
occasionally
as
age
Shafto
R.
of
of
Colonel
his
connection
by
Gainsborough,
St
The
Lawrence
had
larger
than
it
than
it
is, and
when
At
many
Havelock,
at
the
of
you
will
will
weak
is
story
the
portrait
told.
arrange
my
the
prevented
head
no
gown
my
head
arrange
Wellington
paint
The
duke's
to
the
In
as
larger
I
wear
Oxford."
Victorian
the
when
portrait,
shown.
was
by
portrait-painters.
proceeding
was
You
painted
was
rather
is
which
artistically,
"
Court.
drawing
life, and
saying,
by
there
commenced
painted
Lawrence's
Peel,
Robert
from
soldier,
other
Exhibition
Sir
more
gown
as
Wellington
many
respecting
artist
him
by
Gallery
Lucas,
than
portrgiit
known
better
Hampton
at
of
Duke
for
Bodleian
by
is
fine
The
is
racing
Vi6lorian
painted
who
unfortunate
the
of
Reynolds.
Leger,
ton
Kensing-
South
the
to
portrait
by
and
the
At
lent
1867
with
great
respe6l-
even
on,
cellaret."
Ancir6
John
putting
Adair
Exhibition
Major
the
of
keys
Sir
PORTRAITS
great
Lord
Exhibition
generals
Clyde,
portraits
were
of
Gordon,
this
era,
etc.
as
of
Napier,.
WELLINGTON,
BY
COUNT
ORSAY.
CHAPTER
SCIENCE,
"
In
every
inclination
the
The
of
engravers
with
aspedl
excellence
of
his
Granger's
"
The
containing
as
scientific
men,
gradually
increased
the
scientific
before
the
exception
as
T.
Isaac
of
of
these
Bacon,
Thomas
(a pi6lure
and
the
Sir
Viscount
Galway.
Foxe,
to
and
College,
him
his
Kratzer
Oxford,
astronomer,
with
made
in
an
7.
and
was
Henry
he
of
portrait
lent
to
Corpus
became
by
tens.
I.
by
who
German,
VH
by
Francis
My
introduction
of
quaries,
anti-
society
was
the
of
D.
by
which
Fellow
with
by
was
Holbein,
by
England
was
Spelman
Exhibition
Kratzer
the
to
are
Arundel,
Buchanan
George
Tudor
of
of
flourished
mostly
Earl
being
There
who
were
of
portraits
day.
presented
Henry
is
society, but,
Howard,
stands
portraits
of
men
the
known
writings."
his
interest
addition
celebrated
the
Society
of
present
of
Nicholas
came
the
Newton),
Pourbus,
At
of
Royal
the
by
and
(Preface).
of England
great
foundation
Murray
Sir
its
temporaries
con-
acquainted
to
of
coUeftion
fine
were
be
to
admiration
th6
the
of
men
desire
vailed.
pre-
statuaries,
painters,
the
History
and
portraits
some
arid
Biographical
gallery
uniformly
risen, in proportion
ever
chara"5ler,
portrait
alone
has
has
the
even
historians,
and
and
learning,
and
posterity,
orators,
medals
and
arts
memory,
celebrated
most
and
gems
man's
poets,
the
the
to
persons
greatest
with
for
distinguished
transmitting
of
illustrious
of
features
nation
ART.
AND
LITERATURE,
and
age
X.
Bishop
Christi
appointed
lefturer
on
HISTORICAL
214
of Cardinal
influence
Kratzer
portraitof
Albert
alludes
he
the
took
who
resides
very
useful
beseech
can
It
in his
with
to
me."
in 1520,
to
Antwerp
"
the astronomer,
England
never
he
was
mastered
the
when
the
him
and
your
learn in
he
replied:
me
what
"
only thirtyyears ?
long before a king of England appointed
man
was
official astronomer,
and
that the Rev. John Flamsteed
the
of
Kratzer
an
at
In
Nicolas
similar
Louvre,
him
**
King
is
in the
drawing of
Diary" :
Master
the
his
language of
king asked
**
the
through
There
Holbein
by
portraitof
Oxford
at
Wolsey.
made
Dlirer
which
mathematics
and
astronomy
PORTRAITS
it
until
not
was
took
1676
his residence
up
Greenwich
**
as
Astronomical
observator."
at
His
Flamsteed
painted by T. Gibson.
portraitwas
but to his successor
as
quarrelledwith Newton,
Edmund
Astronomer
we
Halley
Royal
owe
the publication of the
Principia." Halley led a
to
strangelydiversified life,for at twenty he went
"
"
**
St.
for
Helena
two
and
astronomical
made
In
years.
Royal Society, an
1687 ^^
observations
became
office which
he
clerk
held
to
the
for thirteen
in 1713 he was
elected secretary.
He
Flamsteed
in 1719, and
wich
died at GreenAt one
time of his life he was
in
1742.
years, and
succeeded
in
of
command
voyage,
so
that
"Captain Halley,
by
Michael
Dahl
he
was
R.N."
and
also
made
entitled
scientific
be
styled
His portrait
was
painted
by Xhomas
Murray.
was
appointed Savilian
to
Bradley, D.D.,
of Astronomy
Professor
in 1721, and
he succeeded
His portrait
Royal in 1 742.
Halley as Astronomer
was
painted by Jonathan Richardson.
led to the study of
Nevil
Maskelyne, D.D., was
James
SCIENCE,
astronomy
Bradley,
by
of
reason
he
and
AND
LITERATURE,
his
ART
acquaintance
2l5
with
Royal in
His
1765.
portrait,painted by Vanderburgh, is
the Royal Society, as are
the portraitsof the
at
previous Astronomers
Royal already mentioned.
the distinguishedmen
who, with rare
Among
the
the
Royal Society, were
sagacity, founded
following,whose
portraitsare speciallyworthy of
The
mention.
Hon.
Robert
Boyle, who has been
described
the father of chemistry and brother
as
of the Earl
of Cork
the first Englishman
! was
write a book
chosen
to
on
electricity.He was
President
of the Royal Society in 1680, but reconscientious
the office from
lu"5lantlydeclined
scruplesrespectingthe oaths required to be taken.
His portrait,painted by F. Kerseboom,
is at the
artist is
Royal Society,and another
by the same
in the National
Portrait Gallery.
John Evelyn's portraitwas frequentlypainted
in 1641^
in 1626, by Vanderborcht
by Chanterell
Mr.
and by Robert
Walker
in 1648.
Evelyn, of
lent the latter to the South
Wotton,
Kensington
Exhibition
in
Kneller
1866.
painted Evelyn
in 1685, and again in 1689 ; the latter
twice, once
The
for Samuel
portraitat
Pepys.
portraitwas
the
the Royal Society appears
from
be a copy
to
former
pi6lureof Kneller, by Frederic Kerseboom.
Evelyn always took the greatest interest in the
prosperityof the society,and he was twice solicited,
though in vain, to take the office of president.
is
Haak's
Theodore
portrait,by J. Richardson,
at the Royal Society.
learned
The
Henry More, D.D., contributed
the PhilosophicalTransactions, but he
to
papers
Christ's College,
at
usuallyresided in retirement
declined
Fellow.
He
Cambridge, of which he was
offered
the mastership of the college which
was
became
Astronomer
**
"
"
2l6
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
him
in
His
1654.
Royal Society.
John Wallis, D.D.,
the
he
founders, and
society
in
was
described
the year
1645 while
the opportunity of
I lived
origin of
the
in
written
account
an
at
the
of
foremost
of the
one
is
Lely,
portrait, by
the
"About
1697:
I had
in London
...
Samuel
Mr.
the
About
year
removed
...
being
company
Wilkins, then
divided.
company
to
there
meet
had
we
to
with
Ward
Dr.
such
in
London
be
into fashion
with
we
continued
with
them,
and
.
divers
in Oxford,
and
when
them
when
Willis
meetings
Dr.
Those
there),and those of us
Dr. Ralph Bathurst
be
Petty, Dr.
(firstDr.
Goddard) our
Dr.
to
our
Oxford
to
(and
of
some
after
before
as
occasion
occasion
1648, 1649,
soon
I, and
Haak.
Theodore
Foster, Mr.
had
we
Oxford,
at
Dr.
.
others, continued
brought
those
studies
there.*'
Wallis's
portrait by Gerard
Soest
is
at
the
the
ablest
of
the
founders, is
not
found
on
the
SCIENCE,
walls
of
the
Viscount
lent
was
21/
ART
is
there
society, but
AND
LITERATURE,
at
one
the
to
Oriel
South
of 1866.
who
Brouncker,
occupies
so
the
prominent a positionin Pepys's Diary," was
first president of the Royal Society, and
an
cellent
exportraitof him by Lely hangs on its walls.
The
list of presidents is a very
distinguished
**
but
one,
it
on
should
we
there
are
the
are
of
names
no
Joseph Williamson
was
his portraitby Kneller
filled the
He
and
men
not
Sir
and
several
although
he
office
was
at
of
that
some
the second
was
of
president,
self.
presented by himSecretary of State,
all times
immersed
in
ing
business, it is said that he presidedat every meetof the council, and
generally at the ordinary
meetings during
his
presidency.
Wren
the next
cessors.
was
president, and of his sucSir John Hoskyns and
Sir Cyril Wyche,
there
no
are
portraits at the society. Samuel
Pepys, who was
president in 1684, presented his
portraitby Kneller.
His
John, Earl of Casbery, and
successors,
Earl of Pembroke,
Thomas,
not
are
represented
the walls.
Of the next
on
president, Sir Robert
Southwell, there is a portraitby Kneller.
Charles
Montague (afterwardsEarl of Halifax),
the friend of Newton, was
president in 1695, but
there is no portraitof him at the society. There
is a portraitby Kneller
bridge.
at Trinity College,CamLord
Kneller
portraitby
walls.
Earl
Somers
by
We
succeeded
Somers
now
will be
Cowper
also
and
Montague,
found
possesses
on
his
the
a
society's
portraitof
Kneller.
come
to
presidents
2l8
"
HISTORICAL
Sir
PORTRAITS
Newton
Isaac
respecting whose
"
portraits
it is necessary
into rather fuller detail.
to enter
There
in existence
of these
are
a
large number
by painters of
various
abilities,and
little value.
but
those
Amongst
authority there is a
in
from
appearance,
that
Newton,
very
different
held
the
when
writingthe
from
looking man
judge
a
was
Principia,"
**
of the
doubted
un-
difference
able
are
we
of
are
considerable
which
office of Master
which
of
are
some
to
he
when
Newton
Mint.
is
Unquestionably the finest portraitof Newton
that painted by Kneller
in the
in 1689, and
now
This
possession of the Earl of Portsmouth.^
the eager
face of the philosopher,and
his
shows
characteristic
and
adds
hair, which
the
to
Wordsworth
biliac's fine
"
The
statue
index
of
mind
who
from
wrested
The
best
next
for
portrait.
of
face
As
Rou-
of
seas
ever
her
nature
portraitis
living man
very
hidden
most
that
alone."
thought,
portraitthe
in this
see
alive,
be
to
"
marble
can
we
the
silent
the
in
of
interest
detected
also
seems
secrets.
is given the
which
in the
behind
the presidents seat
place of honour
of the
meeting room
Royal Society. This was
painted by Jervas, and
presented by Newton
himself.
sitter.
burnt
How
of
two
author
South
that
Kneller
Barlow.
we
has
not
seen
the
It is
portraitof
this
Newton
staid
and
calm
no
Newton,
painted.
It
has
it
one
been
say
of the
exhibited
was
exaggeration to
but
for the
account
portraitsince
Exhibition
Kensington
ever
only
see
portraitsof
it is still vivid.
is it the best
of the
is the appearance
fire of the former
picture has
official.
of the
These
at the
and
out,
The
the
Here
exterior
'
different
impression
that
not
engraved
only
portraits
by T* O-
finest
SIR
HANS
SI.OANE,
HV
S.
SLAU(;HTKr.
220
HISTORICAL
collegeFfolkes
of
more
as
an
of
the
those
who
in
The
Earl
in
life he
after
to
must
we
the
hold
of
ambition
known
was
as
to
now
that
not
was
to
knowledge
ele"5lion
remember
physicalscience
had
Society,or
but
for his
antiquary,and his
Royal Society seems
but
distin6lion
remarkable
was
mathematics,
PORTRAITS
be
dent
Presibe
appropria
in-
formerly
essential
Fellows
of
in
the
office therein.
the
Earl
of
it,he rang
the
bell and
had
tray with
few
and
apparatus
CHARLKS
DARWIN,
BV
THE
HON.
JOHN
COLLIER.
SCIENCE,
of
AND
LITERATURE,
ART
221
rest
the
Herkomer.
Besides
of such
those
Moivre,
to
the author
of
Newton
was
whom
who
of the presidents,there
portraits
distinguishedFellows as Abraham
the
asked
him
*'
The
Doflrine
accustomed
questions
about
of
to
the
are
de
Chances,"
send
those
Principia";
Benjamin Franklin, JohnSmeaton, Jesse Ramsden,
Thomas
Dr.
De
John Dalton, and
Young.
Moivre's
by Highmore, Smeaton's
portraitwas
Dalton's
Brown,
by B. R. Faulkner,
by Mather
rence.
and
Young's by H. P. Briggs, R.A., after LawRamsden's
and
Home,
was
by Edward
Home,
RN., when
Captain Sir Everard
presenting
the portraitto the society,wrote
Mr. Ramsden
:
has his dividing instrument
before
him.
In the
in the Palermo
background is the great circle now
the coat
observatory. The fur upon
was
put in
of Mr. Ramsden's
having then lately
consequence
order for the Emperor
of Russia
executed
an
at
much
which
he was
offended, declaring that he
such
had
worn
a
never
thing in his life. The
pi6lureis engraved, and no other likeness exists
**
**
"
of him."
The
from
portraitof Darwin
the originalby the
in this book
Hon.
John
is taken
Collier
at
the
HISTORICAL
^22
National
PORTRAITS
R.A.,
a
Portrait
deputation
is of
historic
from
the Council
interest
as
it represents
of the
Royal Society,
(Lord Wrottesley),Mr.
man,
not
been
successful
in his search.
Literature.
Chaucer,
Shakespeare,
acknowledged as the
although some
poets, but
presumptuous
that
will
there
fourth
as
to
add
be
ever
and
Milton
three
English
greatest
critics
a
ally
univers-
are
have
fourth, it is
unanimity
as
to
been
not
who
so
likely
that
shall be.
comes
are
to
us
with
his
that
it
MICHAEL
FARADAY,
BY
T.
PHILLIPS.
224
the
but
man,
HISTORICAL
PORTRAITS
received
portrait of
him
old
an
as
probably largelyidealized.
in the
Plaas
der
The
portraitby Pieter Van
National
Portrait
is engraved for
Gallery,which
this book, shows
an
ugly and cross-grainedman.
is
man
How
most
far it is
accurate
it
affirmed, but
be
cannot
the received
from
portrait
certainlydiffers much
which
perhaps represents what the poet ought to
have
Mr.
like.
been
tributed
conJohn Fitchett Marsh
Society
of
valuable
us.
Lancashire
article
**
the
the
claims
authenticityof
He
does
Milton," in
mention
not
"
the
Historic
(vol.xii.)a
and
Portraits
Engraved
of
to
the
Cheshire
and
On
of
Portraits
Pretended
to
"Transactions
the
to
which
he
those
known
Van
de
cusses
dis-
Plaas
have
much
been
to
not
pi6lure,which
appears
known,
although it was
presented to the National
Gallery in 1832 by Capel Lofft, and has been at
Portrait Gallery since 1883.
the National
The
Mr. Marsh
wrote
:
portraitpainted at the
in the possessionof Mr.
Disney ;
age of ten, now
that at the age of twenty-one,
purchased from the
of Milton's
widow
executor
by Speaker Onslow
;
for the first edition
the printengraved by Marshal
in 1645 ; and
that prefixed to
of the minor
poems
of the
scribed,
the first edition
History of Britain,'in*Gul. Faithorne
delin. etsculpsit
ad vivum
1670,' at the age of sixty-nine,form a series of
various
at
unquestionable authenticity,taken
periods of the poet's life, and presenting such
'*
difference
marked
of mistake
or
of feature
confusion
Countess
With
among
Milton
to
create
no
risk
them."
the
shown
at
were
portraitsof
of 1866, two
Kensington Exhibition
mous,
anonylent
and one
Richardson,
by the
by Jonathan
Three
South
as
of Delawarr.
respe6l to
Richardson's
etching from
an
WILUAM
**
SHAItESPKARE,CHAN
DOS
PORTRAIT/'
JOHN
MILTON,
BY
PIETER
VANDKR
PLAAS.
SCIENCE,
originalin
have
sat
made
which
crayons,
for
remarkable
saw
better
of
likeness
much
by
those
would
Milton
far
by
his death, De
that this
the
the
biographic
Auto-
**
portraitof
Milton
of Wordsworth
in the
essential
case
since
seen
himself.
for
I
...
engraving of
presenting not only
of
likeness
best
I have
Richardson
advantage
in the
to
Quincey
in his
which
any
expressly painted
has
Milton
than
observe
believed
In this
**
225
ART
statement
"
Sketches
I
he
long before
not
most
AND
LITERATURE,
of
Wordsworth,
but
of his powers
a point
liable to premature
of one
so
supposed that I took an early
prime
"
decay. It may be
Grasto
opportunity of carrying the book down
and callingfor the opinionsof Wordsworth's
mere,
coincidence.
this most
remarkable
family upon
much
Not one
of that family but was
member
as
ness.
of the likeimpressed as myself with the accuracy
retained
All the peculiarities
were
even
able
of the eyelids,that remarka drooping appearance
"
swell
the
In
laurel
picture;
period of
could
Sir
his
and
the
too
forehead.
from
deviation
features
"
the
else and
the eyes
of
wreath
broad, and
also
was
(as Wordsworth
natural
expression
with
these
few
marked)
re-
of the
allowances,
life perfe6l,or
the
the face
head, which
the
he also admitted
the mouth,
about
lay upon
was
There
disturbed
whole
hair
there
short
large.
about
noticed
of Wordsworth's
little too
two
were
the
points only
vigorous truth
was
I have
in which
way
two
which
as
wsis/or
nearly so as
that
art
accomplish."
Brian
Tuke,
Treasurer
of the
Chamber
to
26
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
of
critic
Christie's
at
portrait
in
exhibition, in the
the
hands
king
pass.
midsummer
at
thirtieth year of
^'advanced
part of a hole
Holbein
*'
lover
dedication
of
and
Chaucer,
the
wrote
the
of
edition
Thynnes
to
paynter," to
day last past.*'
Ladye
**
was
it
account
in the
pressed
ex-
was
Tuke's
From
would
purse
that
seems
annual
his
Athenaeum,"
**
artist
the
opinion that
especial pains for
whose
11^.
likely to
the dignatary through
the
of ;^50 from
payment
the
take
^^74
for
1848
poets
works.
A
portraitof
the
Berners,
lent
was
first
the
to
English
Tudor
translator
Froissart,
of
where
Exhibition,
were
unfortunate
three
Henry
Lord
2nd
Bourchier,
John
portraits of the
Earl of Surrey
Howard,
shown
by
one
poet
Holbein
the same
that the painter did
1534,
year
of Surrey's father, the
of Norfolk,
Duke
dated
that
which
is
Gwillim
preserved
Arundel
at
Stretes, which
sale
the
Sir
Robert
of
the
Earl
Walpole,
of
Duke
Norfolk
who
;
Arundel's
the
at
galleryby
Sir
it
presented
third
by
in 1720
purchased
was
of
another
Edward,
to
the
was
striking
of
Stretes, from
bought
been
whom
Edward
**
fetched
from
the
in
VI.,
Earl
of
Surrey
commandment
said Gwillim's
1557,
tainted,
at-
had
house."
whose
Many of the great Elizabethans
portraits
Exhibition
were
brought together in the Tudor
here, but there is only
ought to be mentioned
space
for
very
casual
notice
of
those
of William
SCIENCE,
Camden,
two
the
his
and
Baroness
from
Sackville
a
the
and
lent
Jonson,
miniature
of
and
Mr.
the
poet
by
Marc
by
Gallery.
Lord
each
Burdett-Coutts
Baroness
Ben
were
lent
anonymous,
and
one
Bodleian
the
portraitof
Shirley
one
22
There
Jonson.
Burdett-Coutts,
Gheerardts
sent
pupil Ben
portraitsof Camden,
ART
AND
LITERATURE,
Evelyn
by Isaac
S.
speare,
portraitsof Shakeof much
but they were
not
authority.
It is impossibleto give anything like an adequate
idea
of the vast
of portraits of celebrated
mass
be mentioned
an
as
authors, and a few only can
There
Oliver.
indication
of
several
were
the
the
of
riches
this
in
country
respeft.
Dobson's
Ashmolean
Museum,
Thomas
Carew
picture,
at
and
Sir
Windsor
At
Castle.
National
the
portraitsof Dryden,
one
by Kneller, and the other attributed to James
of Cowley, one
Maubert
representing him
; also two
as
a young
painted either by Sir Peter Lely or
man,
Mrs.
older, by
Mary Beale, and the other, when
the latter artist.
A
portrait of John Bunyan at
the age of fifty-six,
lent to the
by John Sadler, was
South
Kensington Exhibition of 1866 by the Rev.
John Olive ; and in the National Gallery is one of
Walton
Isaac
which
was
by Jacob Huysman,
painted for the famous angler'sfamily.
Prior was
Matthew
painted by Kneller, and the
Portrait
Gallery
there
Sir
portraitof
are
two
in Stationers'
piftureis now
the Guelph Exhibition, where
of John
was
Gay, which
Hall.
was
sent
It
shown
by
lent
was
the
to
portrait
Earl
of
Loudoun.
Several
exhibited
occasion
portraits of Pope
at
the
of
the
Town
Pope
were
collected
Hall, Twickenham,
Commemoration
on
in
and
the
1888.
28
HISTORICAL
Three
of the
pi6lureswere
and
Hoare,
one
was
several
portraitsin
by Jervas, one
one
W.
PORTRAITS
There
anonymous.
the
W.
by
by Jervas, one
National
Gallery,
two
by
Portrait
by Richardson,
and
portraitof Pope
in
are
Hoare.
Kneller
Simon,
painted
Lord
described
Harcourt,
the best
**
as
the best
the
picture there
letter from
Pope
master.'*
formerly
was
Harcourt,
to
My
Lord,
Lordship
your
It is
"
that
of the
place
catalogue
it is
as
On
honour
be
not
intend
you
the
follows
one
of
back
of
to
22,
1723.
to
me
in any
me,
August
satisfaction
I shall
and
transcriptof
"
"
for
portraitof him,
of that
works
in whose
1723,
way
tell
appointed
dis-
filling
a
of
in your
to
librarywith my picture. I came
Sir Godfrey
town
to
yesterday and got admission
the originalwas
assured
done
Kneller, who
me
for your
but
Lordship ; and that you, and no man
it. I saw
the pi6lurethere afterhave
wards,
you, should
told by his man
and was
had sent
that you
and
with
a
put
seal upon
great
thought
it.
Give
sincerity,to
thank
me
you
leave, my
for
so
Lord,
obliging
..."
The
lent by Mr.
E. W.
Harcourt
to
pi6lurewas
the Guelph Exhibition.
The
interestingcolle6lion of portraits (fortyof the Kit-Cat
eight in number) of the members
Club, by Kneller, has been
frequentlyexhibited.
The
painted for presentation to
pictures were
Jacob Tonson, the secretary of the club, and they
still remain
in the possession of a descendant
of
Mr.
Tonson
Baker, of Bayfordbury,
s
nephew
Herts.
Congreve, Vanbrugh, Addison, and Steele
"
were
members
There
is at
of the
club.
Panshanger
an
interestingportrait
S.
T.
COLERIDGE,
BY
P.
VANDYKE.
SCIENCE,
Kneller
AND
LITERATURE,
229
of
ART
John
Hughes
"
**
thanks
was
"Sir,
thank
"
of
present
follows
as
for
you
and
picture,
your
acceptable
most
your
assure
that
you
terity
pos-
"
with
most
Cowper.
24th, 1720."
There
are
the best
I do.
"*
"January
none
many
is
known
of
portraitsof Swift, but one
that by Jervas in the Bodleian
in the
will be found
by Bindon
National
Dublin
Gallery.
is at
Gray's portrait by Benjamin Wilson
Pembroke
Richardson's, by
College, and Samuel
Hall.
fine portrait
The
Highmore, at Stationers
of Smollett
by Verelst is still in the possession of
Gallery.
his
One
family,and
Exhibition
The
then
passed
1840, it
painted
was
Lord
to
was
South
contributed
portraitof
in
Kensington
Smollett.
A.
Lansdowne
of
Exhibition
the
to
1867 by Mr.
Marquis
Guelph
which
of
lent
was
Sterne
purchased by
on
the
the
by Reynolds,
to
It
Ossory.
whose
death, in
marquis
for
500
guineas.
On
one
occasion
Sterne, writingto
friend, who
You
said :
mention
must
portrait,
for I will tell you
the business
to Reynolds yourself,
He
has already painted a very
why I cannot
I went
excellent
to
portraitof me, which, when
wished
for his
**
HISTORICAL
230
for, he desired
him
pay
his
(to use
that
his
man's
equal
heart
to
me
elegant and
own
wished
to
as
tribute
flatteringexpression)
to
genius. That
my
pay
and
of
accept
least
at
manners
are
thinking
pencil."
portraits of Dr. Johnson by Reynolds are
way
to his
The
but
numerous,
Peel
PORTRAITS
colle6lion
It has
been
the
Bowood,
one
of
in the
the
National
said that
of
the
from
Gallery.
of the
one
Marquis
is that
best
chief
gloriesof
Lansdowne's
seat,
is
what
looked
he
like, and
will
show
you
some
day."
portraitby Reynolds of Bennet
Langton
will go
to
Johnson said, "who
(about whom
if Langton
heaven
does
lent to the
not
was
."^*')
of 1868
South
Kensington Exhibition
by Mr. J.
The
Hollway.
in a scarlet coat
Reynolds's portraitof Gibbon
and waistcoat, which
field,
belongs to the Earl of Shefsaid, by Malone, to be as like the original
was
it is possible to be, and
those who
as
yet there are
was
prefer Romney's portrait which
painted for
left England for Lausanne.
Hayley before Gibbon
lent to the South
This was
Kensington Exhibition
of 1867 by Mr.
Henry Willett
At the National
Gallery is an admirable
portrait
of Boswell
painted for the
by Reynolds, which was
conditions
sitter under
explained in the following
found
letter,written in 1785 by Boswell, which w^as
with
his sigReynolds's papers, endorsed
nature
among
H.
and
"
the
words,
"
I agree
to
the
above
ditions
con-
LORD
BYRON,
BY
T.
PHILLIPS.
WILLIAM
WORDSWORTH,
BY
H.
W.
PICKERSGILL.
SIR
WALTER
SCOTT,
BV
SIR
W.
ALLAN.
HISTORICAL
232
PORTRAITS
is in
the
Glasgow
poration
Cor-
Art.
the
third
and
fourth
CHARLES
DICKENS,
BY
ARY
SCHEFFER.
W.
M.
THACKERAV,
BV
S.
LAURENCE.
ii
SCIENCE,
LITERATURE,
AND
ART
233
of West, by Lawrence,
nolds, by himself, full-length
and
Samuel
Scott, by Hudson, Wilkie, by Phillips,
Daniell, R.A.,
Thomas
The
pitlure by Rigaud,
William
Chambers
Wilton
of
the
of
Reynolds,
in
sculptor,reproduced
National
Portrait Gallery.
considerable
of valuable
number
portraitsof artists
the Royal Academy
are
with
architeft, and
the
in the
A
Wilkie.
by
preserved
Sir
Joseph
this
book,
and
ing
interest-
in the
is
rooms
been
The
at
exhibited.
considerable
a
Society possess
of portraitspainted by the successive
number
painters who have been appointed painters to the
Society. George Knapton (1698
1778),a pupil
of
of the
Richardson,
an
was
original member
Dilettanti
Society, and was
appointed painter to
the Society in 1740.
At
a
meeting in February,
Dilettanti
"
744,
it
had
was
ordered
"
that
every
member
who
has
his
He
does
not,
however,
appear
to
have
HISTORICAL
234
of
groups
PORTRAITS
members
painted
Reynolds
by
well
are
known.
Mr.
Sir
(afterwards
appointed
painter
and
painted
Sir
Henry
the
to
of
portraits
in
Richard
and
Hnglefield,
Lawrence
Thomas)
Society
was
March,
1792,
Payne
Knight,
Thomas,
Lord
ist
Dundas.
On
the
the
Secretary
with
into
as
the
most
soon
the
Portrait
speed
**
the
and
April,
to
the
and
Rome,
**
of
I request
piclures
sending
John
from
the
B.
of the
the
to
this
I
one
other
to
this
great
to
Mr.
rence
Lawthat
end
painted
Society
word
all
with
be
painted
the
on
26th
in
the
of
wrote
for
solicited
placed
self
him-
by
West
Mr.
been
serted
in-
con.''
nem.
was
that
ordered
omamcfit
Society
be
and
Society.
occasion
have
face
two
Capitol
Gallery at Florence,"
indulgence of painting the two
the
the
the
portrait
**
the
the
manded
com-
in
the
to
be
Ordered
myself,
and
of
7ise
On
secretary,
Society
use
Father
presented
portraits
in
the
West's
1818.
himself
Secretary
motion.
Benjamin
that
Resolved
"
was
succeeded
the
to
word
the
the
in
it
2,
present
said
The
of
instead
have
to
for
him
"
Henry
shall
painter
by
Englefield) is
all possible expedition to put his
pi6luresque order in his power*
work,
of
N.B.
May,
(Sir
he
as
difficult
and
of
7th
one
in the
have
the
now
honour
of
Society."
Morritt
of
painted by
Sir
Martin
in
The
Archer
Shee
1832.
Right
Sir
Hon.
Edward
painted
Ryan, Secretary, was
Lord
Broughton,
by Sir Frederic
Leighton, and
Graves.
G.C.B.,
Henry
by the Hon.
S.
Rokeby
was
SIR
JOSHUA
JOSEPH
SIR
REYNOLDS,
WILTON,
BY
JOHN
WILLIAM
CHAMBERS,
FRANCIS
RIGAUD.
AND
SIR
CHRISTOPHER
WRFN,
BY
SIR
G.
KNELLER.
236
HISTORICAL
that when
the
stage
its leader
but
took
none
held, and
scene
it
depraved
who
clean-livingman,
in its
was
was
all.
respedled by
PORTRAITS
dition
conwas
Betterton,
followed
adlors
Great
he
the
until
not
was
most
Garrick
all
whom
the
on
came
accepted
of both
them
are
There
these
of
many
excellent.
is another
requires a
for they are
as
and
abundant,
are
consistingof picturesof
class
plays as a(5led on
good painter to make
from
scenes
"
classes
shadows
too
of
shade
"
but
It
stage.
successful,
these
unreal, and
look
to
apt
the
to
there
are
appear
several
excellent
archaic
that
Shakespeare
The
to
"
our
drew,
the
interest
and
left of
that
the
is in
is of
no
entrance
the
scene
date.
to
the
of
Gallery is of great interest, because
piftures
portraitsof earlya6lors there. These
Dulwich
the
room
scene
RICHARD
BURBAGE,
BY
HIMSELF.
THOMAS
BETTERTON,
IIV
SIR
G.
KNELLER.
ACTORS
of
works
AND
ACTRESSES
and
237
unfavourably
with the beautiful pidluresin the adjoining rooms,
of the greatest value
but they are
as
giving us
authentic
Here
are
portraitsof the early adlors.
a6led
with Shakespeare,
Sly, who
portraitsof William
not
are
art,
Nathaniel
Perkins
compare
Field,
Tom
Bond,
Richard
William
"
exhibited
Portraits, now
forming
the
nearly complete
1659
year
down
Bazaar, Oxford
Club
and
rant,
The
the
the
Dramatic
present
from
Queen's
Street."
in
it has
different
to
colledlion
Mathews's
Garrick
for
the
presented to
Dur1852 by Mr. John Dowland
been
to
largelyadded
by giftsat
was
times.
a6lors
themselves
owe
appeal
much
to
to
the
painters,for they
the
and
ears
eyes
famous
in their own
of
an
day,
But the
forgottenas time passes.
the
painters have made
good pictures, in which
players a6l and live again. Hogarth stands at
of the English stage,
of these historians
the head
tire of his portraitsand
and we
can
never
sentations
repreof
the
of the scenes
theatre.
They
of these
more
inspire us with a desire to know
who
and
men
women
delighted a former
age.
almost
Hayman, though not so good an artist,did
apt
are
as
much
to
in the
Reynolds
their
be
finest
same
way.
Gainsborough found
inspirationsin connexion
and
some
with
of
the
238
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
and
Stage,
Zoffany
was
portraiturethat
of the Stage of
dramatic
historian
illustration of the
the
Street
Gower
adtresses
ac^tors and
William
him.
At
of the
in
leading
historical
the
adlress
who
painter,
kind
been
had
in Wisbech
exhibition
an
must
day.
R.A.,
worthy
to
studio
whose
rendezvous
of his
Hilton,
immortalized
to
specialmention
stage,
the
was
themselves
devoted
of
be made
the
**
Garrick."
have
Of
styled
been
has
he
in
successful
highly
so
this
in 1866
Robertson
Mrs.
"
Robertson
Mrs.
and
they
the
about
went
and
painted
he
would
he
boy
and
he
and
the
said
to
that
become
I
living."
wish
Mrs.
the
for
given
to
him,
Robertson
Mrs.
he
became
be
Royal
an
to
intercede
"
with
vagabond
to
train
Robertson
and
and
father
but
not
friend,
as
him
I have
in
to
myself.
honest
an
do
thing
some-
drawing
he
in
wish
not
to
London,
When
him
been
to
up
Well,"
"
do
do
to
his
partly by the
partlyby that of
Academician.
The
his father.
promised
artist,went
said
shoemaker.
Lessons
boy.
When
willingto indulge
am
boy
father
his
Robertson,
is reasonable,
a
had
artist.
an
company
Hilton, who
He
his
Mrs.
to
father,
anything
him
to
him
to
the
of
thirteen
or
Lynn
places,with
In
name
entreated
went
her
ask
the
twelve
apprentice
wept,
so,
to
about
was
other
showed
who
of
man
manager,
from
country
of artistes.
provincialcompany
was
of the
wife
and
Peterborough,
Wisbech,
there
the
was
were
assistance
other
and
had
of
friends,
rose
to
attained
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
240
that
States
in his
opinion Wright's
portraitis
best
Roscius
Comedian,
or
Lacy, the famous
whom
he had painted in three dresses : as a gallant,
a
Presbyterian minister, and a Scotch Highlander
that. of
"
"
"
**
"
**
actresses
and
Booth
by
in the
"
looks
as
Vanderbank
Committee,"
if it
is attributed
as
not
1668
that
at
the
as
Anthony
two
Club, such
Underbill
Cave
by R. Bing
painted when
Dobson
but
this
as
Obadiah
Lee, which
Nat
he
Barton
as
mad,
was
Leigh
beautiful
"
women,
in
Wolsey ; and
the
Spanish
**
and
ascriptionis
Henry
of Betterton,
Mr.
were
to
scholar
Garrick
the
at
"
was
until
rival
the famous
Friar
great adlresses
possible,
im-
and
"
and
great
"
**
NELL
GWVN,
BY
SIR
P. LELV.
ACTORS
natural.
made
Pope
that
fool, and
great
affe6led
an
when
he
sympathised
he posed
supnecessarilybe a
the world
a6lor
misunderstood
the
when
his mistake
out
with
24
mistake
must
man
found
more
laureate
ACTRESSES
AND
and
Richard
from
in
and
than
of
representations
III., also
plays in
he
one
he
which
is with
in the
the
with
other
a6led,
Mrs.
with
as
several
by Zoffany
two
Pritchard
in
"
Macbeth,"
in
Gibber
Mrs.
scenes
"
Venice
pi6lure,showing Garrick
with Mrs. Pritchard
in the
Suspicious Husband,*'
by Hayman.
Hogarth painted several portraits
Preserved."
Another
**
of Garrick
by
Lord
; one
of these
Feversham
Exhibition
as
the
to
Another
of 1868.
HI.
Richard
lent
was
South
Kensington
portraitin the same
by P. J. de Loutherbourg. One of
lent to the 1 867 exhibition
Reynolds's portraitswas
T. Grissell
Mr.
by the Marquis of Lansdovvne.
described
sent
a
pi6lure by Reynolds which was
exhibition
as
"Mr.
was
and
catalogue,but
presence
of
Garrick
Mrs.
no
baby
explanation
Mrs.
on
Child"
and
is
Garrick's
given
in
the
of
the
knee.
William
"
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
2^2
One
tures
charming dramatic picHogarth's most
the portraitof Miss
Rich, the daughter of
of
is
Rich, and
manager
Kensington
Hawkins.
Heywood
is
1753
of
lent
was
Rich
J.
quin
harle-
as
is
There
Club.
Garrick
the
to
Mr.
1867 by
portraitof
the
at
It
Exhibition
South
in
a6lress.
an
*'
**
strained, and
that she
wrote
then he
notes
was
rather
was
the backs
on
Mrs.
the back
on
Abington
the
"
audience
as
of
Reynolds
**
Love
and
for
humorous
comedy,
but
and
women,*' but
received.
celebrated
was
she
pert
and
was
chambermaids,
as
Love,"
his
most
of
she
sentation
repre-
also charmed
her
one
her
for
perfe6lportraitof
is
letters he
writinguncomplimentary
of the letters he
Teazle
romps
of her
one
of bad
worst
fond of
of the queens
originalLady
of
performances.
This
Miss
Prue
the
her
and
in
successful
was
lent
by
DAVID
GARRICK,
BY
R.
E.
PINE.
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
244
Kitty Clive,
The
of Flowers."
God
The
hold
and
who
woman
surrounded
have
must
could
aftress.
Linton
is also at
level
If the
much
with
owes
who
impressions of
these
is Charles
stin6l with
sketches
these
the
upon
Absolute
Dornton
in
diffuse
pulse of
man
when
"
to
some
faint
Ruin."
have
of
crowded
he
has
theatre
beat
Of
in Old
has
like
heart
of
to
people.
this
sort
brated
celeSir
as
Old
as
the
this
seen
in aid of the
come
approaches
"
which
sentiment
in-
are
most
Rivals," and
to
says,
the moral
good
Road
them
shone
and
day,
The
"
Elia"
of
Club.
the
was
Christopher Curry
glow
Garrick
of the
his
of
most
Munden
in
The
Lamb
in Sir
a6lor
walls
of
Anthony
at
paper
ing
delightfulafter readthe men
as
they appear
and
canvas,
comedian
charafter
look
owes
old a6lors
the
of
among
Essays
**
is
to
Foremost
whose
to
represented on the
Joseph Shepherd
"
the a6lors.
insight. It
true
on
just mentioned.
committed
recolleftions
full of vivid
put
to
have
Lamb,
be
cannot
of those
any
much
the authors
to
their
are
stage
she
Romeo,
a6lress
an
as
the
Garrick
Julietto
Bellamy by
George Anne
club, but although she played
Mrs.
portraitof
The
latter
gifted
Dornton,
made
that of
the
one
pulpit,
doing^
I have
of excellence
seen
in
PEG
WOFFINGTON,
BY
ARTHUR
POND.
ACTORS
Other
AND
245
ACTRESSES
of
grand grotesque
stands
farce, Munden
out
panied
as
singleand unaccomas
Hogarth. Hogarth, strange to tell,had
followers.
school of Munden
The
no
began and
players.
in
the
himself."
end, with
must
But
of
Again, with regard to his remarkable
power
There
is one
face
making faces," Lamb
says,
of Farley, one
face of Knight, one
(but what a one
has none
it is !)of Liston ; but Munden
that you
and
call his.
When
can
properly pin down
you
think
he has exhausted
his battery of looks, in unaccountable
warfare with your gravity,suddenly he
of features
like
out
set
an
entirely new
sprouts
He
but legion; not so much
is not
one
a
Hydra.
**
'*
comedian
as
multipliedlike
There
about
Club,
1
80
his
of
one
them
Parsons,
the
styled the
by Lamb, but
was
mentioned
of
great
other
the
might
filla
Munden
by Opie
be
bill."
playthe
at
painted
was
originalSir
**
so
could
name
1.
William
been
it
countenance
eight portraitsof
are
Garrick
If his
company.
of
Marriage,"
favourite
atlors.
does
he
with
He
Mawworm
and
Club
are
not
the
the
in
Old
He
to
seem
essayistas
famed
was
Ogleby
Lord
Roscius."
is
have
some
his sentation
pre"Clandestine
for
Hardcastle.
At
Garrick
Comic
giary,
Pla-
Fretful
there
"
**
"
Gentleman
Smith
favourite
a6lor, but
the
Lamb
the
says
retirement
he
was
of
a
that
man
gentle-
He
slight infusion of the footman.
originalJoseph Surface, and according to
with
was
after
246
HISTORICAL
Lamb,
the
in fa6t
"
he a6led in it.
play when
there is a pi6lureof the screen
Club
School
**The
Joseph, King
Mrs.
character
that
There
Cohenberg,
Arrowsmith,
Palmer
and
Burton
Siege
lachimo, by
as
fany*s picflureof
with
The
in**
and
Garrick
Face,
Subtle,
as
Charles, and
as
Belgrade," by
of
Zof-
Parkinson.
Alchemist,"
'*The
in
scene
as
as
Lady Teazle.
portraitsof Palmer, by Russell,
as
also
are
scene
Palmer
with
Peter, Smith
Sir
as
Abington
Scandal,"
for
the
At
of the
Garrick
as
in
unapproachable
hero
in
PORTRAITS
Abel
as
belongs
Drugger,
of
Earl
the
to
Carlisle.
There
is
which
Palmer
of
good story
shows
how
said, "If
The
see
Jack,
**
well
William
as
He
says.
as
that while
creatures
little is
was
on
Elliston's
private deportment.
performance always going on
with
up
nothing
his casual
which
he
theatre.
pay.
abode
honours
ipso faHo
Elliston
to
for
walked,
He
for
by
that
sate,
carried
where
As
a
his
time
or
about
is Lamb
same
this
is
it
of
spirited
had
before
not
thought
the charm
You
he
off, so
are
and
was
the
are
Elliston
this
truth
In
**
says,
said in
be
to
acflors
some
he
creature
little there
thing although
same
thriftless
off that
Lamb
was.
the
on
same
the
quite
was
what
but
man,
shows
the
Elliston
good acflor,and
his favour
was
forget I
you
it."
Robert
easy
Sheridan."
heart, Mr.
my
replied, Why,
manager
wrote
as
could
you
your
monarch
eyes,
takes
stood
with
there
still,
him
his
was
the
pit,boxes,
ACTORS
and
galleries,
247
ACTRESSES
AND
his
portable playhouse at
of
in
market
the
corners
places/'
street,
There
is at the Garrick
Club
a
drawing of Elliston
by Harlow, and a painting of him as Odlavian
in "The
Mutineers," by H. Singleton,R.A.
universal
favourite, and
a
was
Jack Bannister
Could
Lamb
speciallypraises his cowards.
thing
any?
be
We
more
agreeable, more
pleasant
loved
the rogues.
How
this effe6led
but by
was
the exquisite art
of the a6lor in a perpetual subin the
insinuation
the spe6lators,even
to
tremity
exus
half
of the shaking fit, that he was
not
and
set
up
and
**
such
coward
as
him
took
we
for ?
"
and
enthusiastic
was
Suett
Dickey
Andrew
and
Aguecheek
Of
Night."
slowness
of
others.
You
the
in
he
apprehension,
could
see
of Dodd
merits
of
respedlive parts
clown
the
former
the
the
over
in
expressing
surpassed all
this a6lor
the
Twelfth
In
**
says
**
Sir
first dawn
of
idea
an
his countenance,
climbing up
till
with
a
painful process,
last to the fullness of a twilight
stealingslowly over
litde
by little and
it cleared
conception
There
the
Garrick
in
in the
**
highest meridian.*'
in private dress
at
a
portraitof Dodd
Abel
Club, also pictures of him
as
The
Alchemist,'' and Lord
Foppingis also
Trip to Scarborough." There
portraitof
criticism
*'
"
is
Drugger
ton
Of
at
up
its
**
acftors who
melancholy phrase
had
most
in his
is contained
all the
of
delivery of
upon
the
the
remarks
Bensley
on
in my
aright,reader
flourished
if taken
swell
heroic
Lamb's
Suett.
of soul,
"
of
emotions
a
"
Bensley
greatest
was
conceptions, the
presentment
time
in the
sequent
con-
great idea
to
248
HISTORICAL
the
fancy.
the
rarest
had
the
poeticalenthusiasm
players."
true
facultyamong
descriptionof
The
the
unfolded
not
was
He
PORTRAITS
the
character
of
acflor
the
is admirable,
lago
setting his
man
which
in
way
"
wits
at
**It
child, and
are
winking all the while at other children who
mightilypleased at being let into the secret ; but a
villain entrapping a noble nature
into
consummate
toils against which
discernment
available,
was
no
the
where
manner
seemed
**
loftiness.
Castilian.
but
his
it
you
could
might
wish
it
upon
was
of
the
beyond
but
much
Malvolio
part
spake,
to
an
It
see
be
air of
an
sure
it taken
seemed
true
:
Spanish
like
an
opiniated,
bottomed
something in
big and swelling,
was
was
it
moved,
and
There
coxcomb.
pose
pur-
charafter
starch, spruce,
was
worth.
not
shows
misunderstood
the
over
He
of
the
as
motive.**
superstructureof pride
sense
looked,
He
old
upon
without
evolution
understanding of
Bensley threw
fathomless
as
and
dark
the
Again,
was
hollow.
was
down,
but
you
You
felt that
elevation."
praise is excessive,
Knight thinks Lamb's
but
he
in the
Dicftionaryof
brings forward
National
corroborative
to
Biography
testimony
the excellence
of Bensley s Malvolio, which
was
his masterpiece.
At the Garrick
from
Club
is a picflure
of a scene
in which
King John" by Mortimer,
Bensley,
Powell, and Smith
are
represented.
Lamb
makes
some
respedling
laudatoryremarks
a
John Kemble, of whose
afting he was
genuine
At
the National
admirer.
Portrait Gallery there
two
are
good portraitsof Kemble, one by Gilbert
is here reproduced, and
Lawrence's
Stuart, which
At the
pictureof the aftor as Hamlet.
full-length
Mr.
**
"
*'
Garrick
Club
there
is Lawrence's
Kemble
as
Cato.
ACTORS
ACTRESSES
AND
249
the beautiful
Gallery contains
Siddons, by Gainsborough, which
portrait of Mrs.
is here
by Lawrence.
reproduced, and also one
She
in a pi6lure
is represented as Lady Macbeth
Club.
at the Garrick
by Harlow
Sir William
At the National
Portrait Gallery are
The
National
Beechey*s
figure. At
pi6lure of
similar
there
to
has
the
Dulwich
the
as
**
of Westminster
Duke
been
is
Gallery
Siddons
Mrs.
the
Lawrence's
and
portrait,
doubt
some
full-length
Reynolds's fine
Tragic Muse,"
s
pi6lure,and
which
to
as
of these
two
'*
'*
old
Debts,"
with
This, which
is
at
the
There
Siddons's
Kean
is considered
Garrick
is
Several
to
be
portrait of William
husband), by Opie,
is
Clint's best
Siddons
at
the
a6lors
Over-reach.
work,
Club.
of
Gallery,and one
^^iggs, at Dulwich.
Macbeth
Giles
Sir
as
Charles
have
had
of
National
the
Kemble,
Another
Garrick
in
(Mrs.
by
the
H.
latter
P.
as
Club.
the distinction
of
being
John
elder
The
Gentleman."
speciallyas
Palmer.
Palmer
man
Gentlewas
styled Gentleman
Rosciad"
Smith, who
figuresin Churchill's
the smart,"
Smith
the genteel,the airy and
as
in the
has
his portrait by
National
Hoppner
Portrait Gallery,and in the National
Gallery is a
Lewis
the marquis
in
as
portrait of Gentleman
known
**
"
**
HISTORICAL
250
the
by
*'
PORTRAITS
Midnight Hour/* by
Shee
is
the Garrick
at
Shee.
portrait
Another
Club.
of
to allude shortly to some
only room
the
the other portraits at the club.
Here
are
Roscius
William
Infant
Henry West
Betty as
Norval, by Opie ; Henderson
by Gainsborough
and
also by Beach, and as Macbeth
by Romney;
Cooke
as
Shylock ; Charles Young as King John,
Landseer
by Sir Edwin
by Clint ; Charles
; Liston
is
There
"
senior, as Somno
Plagiary,by De Wilde, and
Mathews
by
Harlow
Charles
Of
Robert
Mr.
beautiful
Elizabeth
another
Fretful
characters
various
junior,in various
coloured
drawings presented
women
Walters.
there
is
portraitof
Andromache
as
Mother,''
in
Sir
as
Mathews
by
and
by
Sherwin
Mrs.
the
"
Mrs.
and
Distressed
Hartley
was
Count
Gleichen.
MRS.
SIDDONS,
BV
T.
GAINSBOROUCJH.
CHAPTER
XII.
MERCHANTS
noble,
would
only
not
colourmen,
dealers
but
store
vast
people
Thls
of
canvas,
etc.,
the
be
would
oilmen,
lost
miss
and
great
bread,
their
of
deprived
would
influences."
good
to
able
profit-
many
Coleridgk's
Hartley
"
Gresham
his
and
in
that
so
popular
There
country.
several
him,
in
mostly
by
private
of
founder
of
introducer
is
There
William
the
portrait
of
official.
eighty-one
Carpenters'
"
at
good
His
years
Hall.
supply
in
example
of
in
a
of
age,
in
to
1626,
Hall.
the
the
when
is
the
London.
office
place
seventeenth
portrait, painted
are
and
Goldsmiths'
served
buildings,
of
remembered
be
carpenter
the
Company
Company,
water
him
of
member.
early
always
River
New
remains
which
Mercers'
their
will
Portington,
was
of
than
portraits
Moro,
The
satisfa6lory
Majesty's
yeares/'
excellent
hands.
Middleton
Hugh
he
princes
Antonio
Sir
great
rather
merchant
some
portrait
good
possess
are
first
our
imagination
the
of
representative
of
cessity
ne-
chara6ler.
in
increased
has
fame
of
therefore
one
was
traits
por-
right belong
of
not
it will
the
on
miscellaneous
somewhat
merchants,
do
and
ones,
notes
some
who
persons
Thomas
waned,
of
consists
previous
Sir
Sir
be
hearts
our
the
to
citizens, limners,
pleasure
worse
salutary
those
be
His
is
chapter
the
worthy
innocent
of
and
many
Rome
at
as
i. 292.
Essays^
as
in
what
and
hints
to
limited
theyV/j tmaginum
"Were
PEOPLE.
THE
AND
of
40
tury
cen-
he
preserved
was
at
PORTRAITS
HISTORICAL
252
Of
of the
his
earlier
the
lord
most
famous,
favourite
cat,
Whittington is
portrait,painted
mayors
but his
said
be
cannot
be
to
one
with
of
any
authority.
Sir
Martin
painted by
William
picture
the
Bowes
was
The
1
to
549"
presented the
which
to
Company,
in
Tudor
the
was
benefactor.
munificent
to
1545,
who
Faithorne,
Goldsmiths'
lent
in
mayor
Lord
by
of Tatton.
Egerton
Sir
lord
Bowes,
founder
the
White,
Thomas
of
John's
St.
lord mayor
in 1553, in which
College,Oxford, was
knighted for preserving peace in the
year he was
Wj'at's
City of London
during Sir Thomas
There
rebellion.
are
portraitsof him in the Town
Hall at Salisbury,
at Reading, at St. John's College,
and
Merchant
at
Taylors' Hall.
Sir
William
the
to
ancestor
was
held
who
Hewett,
Duke
of
in
office
Leeds,
1559,
his
daughter
portraitwas
Osborne.
His
marrying Sir Thomas
of Leeds
Exhibition.
lent by the Duke
to the Tudor
is a portrait at
of Sir
There
Court
Hampton
in 161 6, and
lord mayor
who
was
John Leman,
entertained
the Knights of the Bath with a supper
Some
of the knights
and a play at Drapers' Hall.
insolent
were
that
there
to
a
was
entertainment
Sir
John
all great
in
England,
The
mayor,
second
and
was
in 1762
term
portraitwas
of
to
their wives
of
of the
portraitof
William
and
Beckford
1769, and
office
he
him
at
was
died
21st
the
were
mayor
Bank
the
of
Bank.
twice
lord
during
June, 1770.
painted by Reynolds in 1755, and
on
so
disorder, and
there
celebrated
and
of great
broken
up.
Houblou
He
citizens
scene
was
friends
1695.
the
his
His
the
MERCHANTS
is
pi(5lure
in
Duke
Hamilton.
of
the
with
or
His
John Boydell,Lord
is
art
in
and
lent
Stationers'
at
Exhibition
other
the
lord
of
and
Some
notice
outside
London.
Thomas
a
that
know
stable
be
must
very
the
be
must
to
the
of
famous
him
hall
Guild-
at
Henry Graves
South
ton
Kensingof many
in the
of the
halls of
of
their
here.
local celebrities
his
in
man
day
that
horse
taken
one
expression
the
engraving
mentioned
be
taken
phrase to the
his rigid rule,
door
rise
gave
of
mansions
the
in
cannot
more
Hobson,
added
has
found
be
to
are
but
the
Portraits
1867.
mayors
descendants,
Mr.
Miller, to
city companies
was
Hall, and
William
by
one,
lish
Eng790, to whom
for his judicious patronage,
in
in
England.
whether
known.
a school
establishing
There
are
portraitsof
succeeded
the
scribed
Guildhall, in-
at
it is doubtful
Mayor
indebted
deeply
253
descendant
statue
is well
no,
PEOPLE
of his
possession
speech which
delivered
he
THE
AND
next
for hire
out
choice."
Hobson's
**
the
"
the
inn.
same
The
giant,known
is preserved
Oxford
and
(17 inches).
to
Court
as
in
the
the
Child
**
about
pi6lureof
Gilbert
Ireland
161 7, where
Lancashire
(1578
Brasenose
buttery of
also the
Sir
of Hale"
the
he
College^
his hand,
took
threw
1623),
"
full size
Middleton
the
kings
HISTORICAL
254
wrestler
and
feet
Middleton
Pepys
June
on
to
heightwas
cellar of
the
to
went
1668,
9,
His
of
outline
the
see
hand.
the
Chetham,
Humphry
merchant,
his thumb.
out
put
inches.
Brasenose
POKTR^VITS
who
founded
the
Manchester
wealthy
Chetham
Library, and
died
in
cap,
and
At
1653,
the
Guelph
portraitsof
lent
Baker
was
Exhibition
famous
Kneller
there
publishersand
s Jacob Tonson
Lemon
Reynolds s
kings printer; and
William
the
several
were
printers.
Mrs.
Stationers'
Arthur
M.P.,
Strahan,
Mr.
Company
the
W.
of
printer to the House
Commons.
At the South
Kensington Exhibition
of 1868
there
were
Pickersgillsportrait of the
of
second
The
terly
QuarJohn Murray, the founder
and Byron s publisher,and
Review
s
Phillips
Thomas
Norton
Longman, head of the great firm
of Longmans.
Chambers's
Robert
portrait by
Sir J. Watson
shown
at
Gordon,
P.R.S.A.,
was
Lane's
Luke
Hansard,
*'
"
Vi6lorian
the
The
much
and
at
inventors
for
the
present
the
Richard
Exhibition.
and
welfare
engineers
of
the
centuries, have
various
exhibitions.
who
have
England
been
The
well
of
done
so
the
last
represented
portrait of Sir
of Derby, A.R.A.,
Arkwright,by J. Wright
Exhibition.
the Guelph
Portraits of
to
sent
was
Daniels, of Robert
George Stephenson by William
by H'. W.
Stephenson
Phillips,of Sir Marc
Isambard
Isambard
Brunei
of
by Northcote,
Brunei
by J. C. Horsley, and of John
Kingdom
contributed
Rennie
by Sir Henry Raeburn, were
of 1868.
.to the South
Kensington Exhibition
of
The
Scarlett, the Sexton
portrait of Robert
MERCHANTS
"
AND
255
PEOPLE
THE
and
**
of the
queens
of Scots
over," is
twice
cathedral, fixed
the
sightsat
of the
end
householders
town's
the
two
it is
as
"
one
the
at
nave.
in
Orpin, parish clerk of Bradford
Wiltshire, was
painted by Gainsborough, and the
beautiful
given by the painter to
pi6lure was
Edward
Wiltshire
of the
ornaments
It is
carrier.
the
National
of
one
now
the
chief
Gallery.
and
him
gave
to
Greenwich.
Duke
of
was
threw
himself
who
her service
his
last
and
was
Othello
Frank
him
himself
as
was
who
set
from
Black-
at
his death
on
the
of
he
is said
He
at
Quixote.
Don
lived
butler, and
Garrick
offered
from
him
squireof
and
lived
Sancho,
protection
see
Oronoko,
and
of
as
the
shillingto
married, and
boy,
him,
to
tillher death.
prevented
Duke
the
to
on
employed
sisters who
him
Montagu,
kind
heath,
maiden
surnamed
They
resemblance
fancied
The
three
as
Sancho
duchess,
remained
have
to
spent
Richard
engagement
an
in
III.,
to
art
but his
imperfect articulation
He
appearing on the stage.
shop by the
up in a grocery
Hogarth painted him as a
Montagu.
Gainsborough
did
as
man.
s
black
servant
and
256
HISTORICAL
PORTRAITS
was
Thomas
interesting chara6ler,
polite world at his own
in
of life,and
in the
of the
women
first
well.
For
weekly
concerts,
forty
fashionable
of the
he
he
years
Britton
also
gathered
which
he
which
is known
Earl
of Oxford,
Earls
of
valuable
the
sold
to
Lord
to
us
the
Pembroke,
other
book
formed
per-
amateurs
who
is here
Gallery, which
that frequented
company
Britton
being a musician
is said
collection
Somers
as
and
Pepusch
all the
collector, and
book
ties
quanti-
Thursdays
by the most
on
and
did
as
of the
cumstance
cir-
in Clerken-
attended
Handel
Besides
house.
held
were
Portrait
in small
his house
qualityat
one
the
receivingmen
was
concerts,
National
reproduced,was
and
sell coals
to
which
these
most
his mode
altered
never
day. J. Woolaston,
in the
was
He
company.
at
was
reception by
is a unique
valuation
while
streets
man,
his
and
history.
continued
coal
of
for
of
colle6lors,
;^500, and
Trails.
Devonshire,
Winchelsea,
were
and
in
have
pamphlets
over
the Somers
Duke
to
The
and
the
Sunderland,
the
habit
of
their company
with
his coalsack
under
his
arm.
Mention
of
already
been
made
of
Lawrence's
fine
as
has
THOMAS
BRIXTON,
BY
J.
WOLLASTON.
258
HISTORICAL
and
table
at
sat
the
paid her
the
by
tricks.
showed
her
away
and
brought
child's
daughter of
assiduous
most
and
The
PORTRAITS
Her
back
complete. She
captivatingof men,
stories,
juggled
was
unexpe6led
quarters.
dazzled, and
thought
was
plate
from
were
senses
told her
court,
He
the house.
the conquest
admirer
the most
her
Northcote,
of
wrote
marking
the
and
a6lions
it
with
to
occurs
as
of
youthful mind,
the
movements
of
even
that
means
him
which
the above
watchful
how
instru6lion
in
much
delighted
enabled
remembrance
truth
show
to
children,
of
to
he
quired
ac-
portray
exquisitehappiness,truth, and
circumstance, as related by himself,
my
the
prove
He
bodily
by these
was
lover
such
variety.
and
immortal."
traits of
abilitywhich
the
children
**
dawning
infants, and
also
was
Reynolds
the
was
made
and
and
it
wherever
may
to
as
well
observation,
his mind
was
serve
to
be
to
was
catch
gained.
Sir
at
each
of
by
her
awkward
the company
made
the
portraitin particular,
for whenever
being
observed
the
air of the
a6lions
effe6l of the
limbs
in each
much
innocence
stand
to
child, unconscious
imitated
anyone,
head and
sometimes
by
positions of
ill-disposed
pi6lure,and this she did with
and
true
feelingthat it was
the
so
the
MERCHANTS
just and
most
be
made
AND
THE
incontrovertible
PEOPLE
259
criticism
could
that
the
pi6lures."
With
this insightinto a world
respeftingwhich
be surcannot
are
prised
profoundly ignorant,we
many
that Reynolds surpassed all other paintersin
Mr. Frederic
the paintingof children.
G. Stephens
in an
and
interestingbook, full of anecdotes
valuable
criticism, entitled
as
English Children
It
painted by Sir Joshua Reynolds," 1884, says :
on
"
"
occurred
have
must
readers
my
children
that
best
to
Reynolds
that
"
the
minds
of
of many
all artists
childless
the
soul
the
with
tenderest, heartiest
man
among
painted
knew
in the
most
truest
and
into its
changeful
sympathy, played
the
*'
**
in
to
1796,
the
of the
folio volume
memory
child
at
The
**
Sorrows
sacred
the
of
International
variety
Reynolds
entitled
put
of
his
Exhibition
of 1862.
26o
HISTORICAL
He
produced
children,
and
boys
is
child)
the
Payne-
delightful
example,
and
National
the
Innocence,"in
Gall
and
wey
the
of
"Age
well
Gallery,
picture
the
class
one
the
in
themselves,
(Mrs.
Pick-a-pack"
**
by
their
with
mothers
girls
Of
profusion.
called
of
pi6lures
and
utmost
represents
other.
the
An
anecdote
well
told
added
be
who
sat
portrait-painters
who
most
sat
of
evident
suddenly
above
all
not
Are
grandfather
"
'
"
this
you
if
lad,
with
in
who
own
boy.
the
medir
who
President,
his
man
long
blunder
about
the
yet
after
that
of
had
and
up
while
as
dreaded
sensitive
'
appearance,
and
demanded
little
grew
1-awrence
Spring'
the
at
tinguished
dis-
Wynn,
Master
John
St.
operation
the
things
a
to
gravity,
tation,
may
two
to
**The
1884),
Exhibition,
middle
the
for
Reynolds
Stephens
G.
relates
it
to
grandson,
In
here
F.
Mr.
by
as
(Grosvenor
was
PORTRAITS
ta6l,
age
painted
and
and
my
INDEX.
E.
Abbey,
the
play
of
picture
R.A.,
A.,
in
-scene
Hamlet,
236.
Abington,
Mrs.,
of
her,
intended
be
him,
of
19.
of, 205,
David,
Allan,
Sir
Eton,
192.
Edward,
Alleyn,
Sir
235.
Thomas,
hibition
ex-
William
117.
Earl
Howard,
of, 213.
56.
William,
Oxford,
Museum,
portraits
at,
134.
Astley,
John,
72.
Audley,
Sir
Thomas,
197.
of
Princess,
with
Sir
Ayscue,
Bacon,
Lord
Bacon,
Sir
205.
her
Wales,
185.
family,
her
George,
205.
198.
Chancellor,
his
Nathaniel,
himself,
Sir
Bacon,
A.R.A.,
trait
por-
114.
103,
his
Nicholas,
traits,
por-
197.
89.
Burlington,
Lady
by
180.
portraits,
Anson,
Society
Antiquaries,
kings
and
at,
M.D.,
203.
254.
John,
Sir
of
Arnold,
Dr.,
Arnold,
Matthew,
Prince
147.
132.
Richard,
Arbuthnot,
portrait,
of, portraits
queens
Arkwright,
Arthur,
busts,
Rugby,
Wales,
and
Lady,
P.R.S.,
220.
Squire
Joseph,
Jack,
Frank,
247.
255.
Barry,
James,
Barry,
Spranger,and
77.
Mrs.
Barry,
242.
Beach,
Thomas,
portrait-painter,
76.
194.
by Watts,
of
traits,
por-
250.
Sir
Barber,
206.
Lord,
Sir
Bancroft,
Bannister,
166.
Denmark,
of
his
Archbishop,
Bancroft,
Banks,
151,152,155.
Anne
lege,
Col-
190.
her
Cleves,
of
Balliol
at
13.
212.
portraits,
her
Queen,
Anne
portraits
203.
Devorgilla,
and
John,
Balliol,
86, 256.
Lawrence,
M.D.,
Matthew,
Baillie,
false
J., portrait
J.
Angerstein,
by
107.
John,
Major
Andr^,
Anne,
portrait
her
II.,
George
of
daughter
Princess,
Amelia,
of
117
Sir
Thomas
by
Washington,
Allston,
1855,
i860,
and
Chalon
of
Provost
Richard,
Dr.
Allestry,
S. A., 90.
P.R
113;
J. J.
of worksof
portrait
79.
William,
exhibition
exhibition
Chalon,
Augusta,
210.
Allan,
AUin,
Duke
Monk,
George
E.
Ashmolean
painter, 56.
Albemarle,
A.
of, first
of
Ashfield,
portrait-
William,
Aikman,
works
Arundel,
supposed
for
pictures,
of
Ross,
235-250.
Fountaine
of
son's
John-
portrait
Joseph,
Andrew
243.
Actresses,
Addison,
to
246
242,
opinion
and
Actors
83.
Francis,
Lemuel
Abbott,
Society
Arts,
232.
his
Beale,
painter,
Beauclerk,
Mary,
Mrs.
portrait-
48.
Lady
Diana,
1 10.
262
INDEX
Bowles,
Beaumont, Sir George, 256.
Beck, David, portrait-painter,
41.
Beckford, William,
Lord
Mayor,
252.
of, 181.
Bridport, Alexander,
ist
count,
Vis-
207.
81 4,
14 ; exhibition
rence's
of Law-
232.
portrait-painter,
2nd
Duke
Villiers,
George
of, portrait by
Verelst, 53.
42.
252.
pictures,126.
Buckingham,
231.
Bowes,
Kingdom, 254.
Brunei, Isambard
Brunei, Sir Marc
Isambard, 254.
Buchanan, George, 213.
Villiers,
Buckingham,
George
of
1st Duke
of, his collection
Sir
Martin,
Lord
Mayor,
Buckingham
in, 132.
Palace,
portraits
263
INDEX
Caroline
of
235
by himself,
Burghley, Lord, portraits,163.
Mildred, portrait
Burghley, Lady
164.
by Zucharo,
Burlase,Sir William, his portrait
of Ben
Jonson, 103.
Burlington, Dorothy, Countess
his portrait
of, 107.
R.,
Bums,
loi.
Alex.
portrait by
Nasmyth, 231.
Burrow, Sir James, P.R.S., 220.
E., as Subtle,
Burton, William
246.
described
wrongly
Cairns, Earl, 200.
Callcott, Sir
of
as
his
and
works
at
hibition
ex-
the
Earl,
portraits,
199.
William, 226.
Campbell, Sir Colin, employed
George Jameson
of Kings
to
of
paint portraits
Scotland,
14.
Sir Thomas,
227.
tess
Carlisle,Lady Lucy Percy, Counof, 169.
his portraits,
Carlyle, Thomas,
;
54.
Countess
of, her
Castlemame,
portraits,18, 175.
VIII.'s
of
Henry
Catalogue
Scharf's
suggestion
pictures,
be
it
should
that
edited,
and
VIII.
Barber
geons,
Sur-
I., his
170.
Charles
his
portrait
in
Har-
200.
Camden,
232
Holwell, 257*
William, 237.
Cartwrightj
Cassana, N icolo,portrait-painter,
William
portraits, 168 ;
portraitchanged to Cromwell,
of his children,
171 ; portraits
at, 134.
Carew,
92.
Carr, Rev.
201.
1875, '20.
Royal Academy,
portraits
Colleges,
Cambridge
Camden,
Margaret Sarah|
Mrs.
Carpenter,
Charles
the, 16.
R.A.,
W.,
A.
into
portraits
Ministry,
Cabal
Brunswick, Queen
IV., her portraits,
188.
and
painter, loi,
amateur,
of
George
on
Scottish
historical
254.
Humphry,
Chicheley, Archbishop, 133.
of, their
Chichester, Bishops
portraits,133.
Christian
II.,picture of his three
children, 138, 147, 154mark,
Christian
IV., King of Den-
Chetham,
168.
Denmark, Duchess
bein,
Milan, her portraitby Hol-
Christina
of
of
152.
Christus,Petrus,portrait-painter,
portraits,115.
of Brandenburg, Queen
144, 145.
Caroline
Lord
FoppingCibber,Colley,as
her
of George
portraits,
II.,
ton, by Grisoni, 240.
183.
264
INDEX
with
Garrick,
243.
Clarendon,
ist
of
Earl
of, his
lection
col-
situdes
; vicis-
portraits,127
the
gallery,
of
127,
Dan^rldge,Bartholomew,
128.
Clarendon, 3rd
as
Earl
woman,
of theatrical
Clive, Kitty,243
and
A.R.A., painter
pictures,88, 238.
son
; friend of John-
Walpole,
244.
Closterman,
John,
portraitpainter, 52.
Clyde, Lord, 212,
Coke, Sir Edward, 200.
Cole, Sir Ralph, Bart., 105.
Coleridge, S. T., portraits,232.
Colet, Dean
John, 193.
House
Commons,
of, picture by
Thomhill
and
Hogarth, 182.
Cooke, G. F., as Shy lock, 250.
Cooper, Samuel, miniaturist,43.
Copley, John Singleton, R.A.,
74.
Corvus,
of,
Derby's,
National
Earl
of, suggestion of
Exhibitions,
Portrait
117.
Johannes,
portrait-
painter, 29.
Cosway, Richard, 77.
Cotes, Francis, R.A., 62.
Coverley'SjSir Roger de,portrait,
14.
her
186.
186.
206-
62.
Castlemaine.
10.
266
INDEX
Mark.
5^^ Garrard.
Fliccius,Gerbicus, portrait- Gheeraedts,
28.
painter,
Gibbon, E., portraitby Reynolds,
Footc, S., his portrait
by Reynolds,
230 ; by Romney, 230.
Gibson, Richard, portrait241.
Fothergill,
John, M.D., portrait painter,
45.
portraitGibson, Thomas,
by Hogarth,203.
Fountaine,
Andrew, his portrait painter,
55.
House
at Holland
Davies, P.R.S.,221.
wrongly Gilbert,
be
to
Addison's,18. Gilbert,
supposed
John Graham, 92.
Franklin,Benjamin,221.
Glasgow Exhibition of portraits
Sir Martin, 204.
of local celebrities,
i8iS8,
Frobisher,
119.
Fuller,Isaac, portrait-painter,
Glasgow University,portraits
in,132.
49Gordon, Francis Isabella Ker,
Thomas,
Gainsboroufi^h,
70 ;
250.
painterof theatrical portraits,
Gordon, General,212.
Gordon, Sir John Watson,
237 ; exhibition of his works
at the British Institution,
1814,
P.R.S.A.,
91.
at (Jrosvenor
Gallery, Gower, George,sergeant painter
114;
to Queen Elizabeth,
1884-5,122.
32, 159.
Gandy, James, portrait-painter,
Grafton,Lady Isabella Bemiet,
49.
Duchess
of,179.
Exhibitions
Grafton Gallery,
portrait-painter,
Gandy,Williani,
of
"Fair
and
Garrard, Mark, the elder,porChildren," 123-4 ; works of
trait-painter,
old
Scottish portrait-painters,
161.
15, 31,
Garrard, Mark, the younger,
125.
Grammont, Elizabeth Hamilton,
portrait-painter,
31, 35.
his
Garrick, David,
portraits, Countess of,175.
relations
with
346;
Grant, Sir Francis,P.R.A.,94.
113, 241,
his actresses, 242 ; sat for
of
Graves,Hon. Henry, portrait
Lord Broughton,234.
and for Shakespeare,
Fielding
"Fair
22.
Garrick,Mrs.,241.
Women"
Gray,Thomas, 229.
Greenhill,
John,portrait-painter,
267
INDEX
"
Simplicity,"
Gwatkin, Miss, as
by Reynolds, 259.
Gwyn, Nell, 239.
Montague, Earl
Halifax,Charles
of, P.R.S., 217.
214.
Halley, Edmund,
Hamilton, Gavin, 72.
Hamilton, Hugh Douglas, 74.
Hamilton, William, R.A., 79.
in, by MacHamlet, play scene
lise, 236; by E. A. Abbey,
236.
authentic
John, no
Hampden,
painted portrait of him, 18 ;
miniature
Castle,
at Windsor
18, noU.
Court,
Hampton
portraits at,
132.
Adriaen, portraitHanneman,
painter, 36.
Hans
engaged to paint
or H ansa,
three
of
daughters of
portraits
for
Count
the
d'Armagnac
Henry VI., 143.
Hardwicke,
Earl
of, portraits,
142.
Henry IV., portraits,
Henry V., portraits,142.
his
Henry VI., portraits,142 ;
of
Margaret
marriage with
no
Anjou, Walpole's picture,
authority
of
marriage with Elizabeth
York, Walpole's picture, no
authority for this ascription,
ture
children, pic137 ; his three
138
;
called,
so
wrongly
scribed
deof,
his
and
family, picture
by Walpole as Henry
his
v., 136.
VIII.,
Henry
1
50 ; Scharf
to
Harlow,
G.
H., 91
Trial
Scene
picture of
"Henry
in
VI 1 1.,"249.
on
147,
dated
his
family
portraits,
note
portraits,148 ; and
Court,
at Hampton
attributed
Gwillim Stretes,
of
Elizabeth
and
54 ; and
with
Seymour
Jane
VII.
Henry
York,
burnt
Holbein
at
Whitehall
successors,
Heere,
de
Lucas
portrait by
ascription,
this
for
137.
Henry
his
199.
the
168.
picture by
Luke, 254.
Hansard,
portraits,
her
Maria,
Henrietta
160.
Henry, Prince
portraits,166
with
E^rl
Henry,
Robert
of
;
Wales,
picture of
Devereux,
his
him
3rd
of Essex, 166.
Philip,his portrait,194.
Hewett,
Sir
Mayor,
Highmore,
252.
William,
Joseph,
Lord
portrait-
painter,59.
Hatton, Sir Christopher, 198.
Lord
Sir Rowland,
Mayor,
Hill,
Sir
212.
Henry,
Havelock,
252.
Hawkins, Sir John, 204.
jwrtrait-painter,
Thomas,
Hill,
portrait-painter,
John,
Hayls,
54.
50.
Hayman,
Hayter,
Sir
211.
268
INDEX
carrier,255.
tacked
Hogarth, William, 60, 237 ; atby Wilkes, 60 ; his
Sigi^munda," 61 ; exhibition
"
his
of
works
the
at
British
Institution,181 4, 114.
Holbein, Hans, arrival in England,
26 ; date of his death, 27 ;
his influence
the painters
on
of his time, 28 ; portrait by
himself, 232 ; his portraits of
the wives
of Henry V 1 II.,1 50 ;
of
school, exhibition
his
and
their
works
1880,
Academy,
the
at
Sir
Nathaniel
Dance,
74.
Holy
rood
series
Palace,
apocryphal
of
portraitsof
of Scotland, 14.
Hone, Nicholas, R.A.,
Honthorst,
the
the kings
66.
37 ; taught
Sophia and the
Gerard,
Electress
Princess
Louise, 106.
Hood, Samuel, 1st Viscount, 207.
Hooker, Sir Joseph, P.R.S., 221.
Hoppner, John, H.A., 81.
Homer,
Francis, his portraitby
Raeburn, 20.
Homer, Leonard, his inscription
his brother's
portrait,20.
Hoskins, John, miniaturist,43.
Hoskyns, Sir John, P.R.S., 217.
Houblou, Sir John, Lord Mayor,
on
151;
that
of
Braganza, 53.
Illidge,Thomas
Henry, 93.
Inchbald, Mrs., 250.
Inns of Court, portraits,133.
Irving, Sir Henrj', 236, 25a
Jackson, John, R.A., 89 ; his
ceived
copies of Reynolds, etc, dethe best judges, 203.
James I.,portraits,166.
James II.,portraits,177.
lier
(ChevaJames, Prince of Wales
St.
George), portraits,
to his
177 ; Lely's opinion as
parentage,
177.
er,
Jameson, George, portrait-paintportraits of the
41 ; his
kings of Scotland, 14.
Ceulen,
Janssen, Cornelius, van
portrait-painter,
35.
Jeffreys,George, Lord, 198.
Jennings, Sir John, 206.
Jervas, Charles, portrait-painter,
56 ; taught Pope to pamt, 107.
230.
of
miniatures
Howard
Katharine
252.
Howard,
Howard,
Queen
to
Royal
120.
Holland,
of
of
her,
Parr, 152
1
miniature
84.
52.
Effingham, Charles,
Lord, 204.
Howe, Richard, Earl, K.G.,
portraits, 227 ;
by J. Oliver, 227.
Jordan, Sir Joseph, 205.
Joseph, George Francis, A. R. A,
Ben,
Jonson,
2nd
Joyce, Comet,
son,
207.
portrait
by
Dob-
211.
Juxon, Archbishop,
191.
Katharine
ed
173.
269
INDEX
Maria
Kauffmann,
Anna
Peniston,
Hon.
Lamb,
gelica,
An-
his
trait,
por-
187.
78.
236, 249.
Kean, Edmund,
Keats, J^ portraits,232.
Keeley, Robert, 250.
Kelleway, Jane (?),as Diana, by
Richard
II., 141.
General,
Walker,
171,
portrait by
210.
Palace,
Lambeth
respecting
Queen
Elizabeth
Lambert,
I
with
conversation
Lambarde's
portraits at,
133-
as
the
114.
Sir
John, 205.
of,
portraits
Lawyers,
Lawson,
197-
133,
200.
202.
Sir
at
Institution,1830, 1833,
British
Kettle, Tilly,76.
of him,
of his works
exhibitions
31, 232.
Peter
Teazle,
246.
Lebcck,
as
of
portrait described
Christopher Catt, 19.
his
Kit -Cat
ficture
Knox,
Countess
of, 169.
Leicester, Robert
Dudley,
Earl
of, 164.
Leigh, Anthony,
Friar," 240.
Leighton, Lord,
in the
*'
Spanish
exhibition
the
Academy,
t20.
Royal
1896-7,
INDEX
270
"
known
portraits
174;
pupils, 48.
Leman, Sir John,
Lord
Mayor,
252.
Leslie,
93 ; exhibition
the
Royal
R.A.,
Robert,
Charles
of his works
at
1870,
Academy,
120.
Lethaby's, W.
**
R., paper
School
Westminster
on
the
ing,"
of Paint-
211.
1857,
Margaret
the
Burgundy,
of
Bold
211
her
of,
Duke
ist
General
with
211.
the
traits,
por-
of,her
Duchess
trait,
por-
254.
88.
portraitsof,
Jennings,
portraits,180.
Sarah
Marlborough,
Lonsdale, James,
Lord
Chancellors,
traits,
por-
116.
ohn
134.
191.
Thomas
British
fiortraits,
Armstrong,
painter, 34.
Lodge's portraits, sale of
drawings for, 131.
City Companies,
London,
Longman,
hibition,
Ex-
Treasures
Art
portmit, 146.
Marlborough, John,
portrait-
Rowland,
Lockey,
of, P.R.S.,
Earl
"
249.
Lewis, Gentleman,"
Lewis's, Lady Theresa, account
Gallery, 128.
of the Clarendon
Lievens, Jan, portrait-painter,
by him,
220.
Manchester
25.
scribed
in-
146.
Macclesfield,
his
VII.
Henry
painted
as
as
Beauties,"
Windsor
of
Xwrtrait
to
Lucas
de
Heere,
156.
Mary II.,her portraits,175, 179.
Il.'s
of Modena,
James
Mary
her
portrait by
second
wife,
Lely, 177.
of Scots, her portraits,
Mary, Queen
166.
197.
the
of,
III.
ever
in
109.
portrait-painter,
"
to
New
Way
pay
Massinger's
Old
Debts," Clint's picture,
249.
Mathews,
his
Charles,
collection
of
portraits, exhibited
237
; now
at the
250
sen.,
theatrical
in
Garrick
doubtful
England,
if he
26 ;
Mathews,
Matthew,
Mayeme,
1833,
Club,
237.
Elizabeth, 28.
M
portraitEdward,
Mascall,
painter, 45.
Lady, 180.
Masham,
Maskelyne, Nevil, 214.
Mason, Rev. William, amateur
INDEX
Mead,
Medical
271
Napier,
Admiral
Sir
Charles,
209.
"
Military
35.
Exhibition
123.
at
Chelsea,
123.
the
exhibition
of his works
Grosvenor
at
218.
Gallery, 1886,
Norfolk, Duke
122.
Milton, John,
*
likeness
portraits,
Wordsworth,
to
223
225.
Miniature
at
the
Manchester
Exhibition, 1857,
117;
bitions
exhi-
More,
More,
of, at South
ton,
Kensing1862, 1865, 117.
Henry, D.D., 215.
Mary, 106.
More,
Sir
Thomas,
Antonio,
painter,30,
Morritt, John
Sir M.
Surrey, 226.
Nollekens, Joseph Francis,
Northampton,
Marquis
A.
portrait-
232.
B.
the
61.
of,
221.
Northcote
portraitby
Holbein,
Moro,
of
poet
P.R.S.,
125.
Miniatures
of, father
S.,portrait by
Shee, 234.
O'Donoghue,
F.
M.,
his
logue
Cata-
of
Portraits of Queen
Elizabeth, 159.
Oldfield, Mrs., 240.
Oliver, Isaac, miniaturist,34.
Oliver, Peter, miniaturist, 43^
232.
Munden,
INDEX
272
Owen,
Oxford
134.
Palmer,
"
Palmer,
Parker,
John, 245.
Archbishop,
Gentleman,"
his
trait,
por-
190.
Parr, Katharine,
Holbein,
Newnham
in
described
portrait at
Paddox, 1 54 ; portrait
Lodge not authentic,
her's,
as
portraitof
150;
Howard
Katharine
painted by
not
152;
154.
Peterborough,
Countess
Collections^ 126-134.
iotts^1 1 3- 1 2 5.
Exhibit
Portrait
249.
Gallery,
Portrait, National,
foundation, 128 ; collection
removed
Kensington,
to South
Bethnal
Green,
to
1869, 130 ;
Gallery in
1885, 130 ; to new
Place, 1896, 130.
St. Martin's
written
the
on
the
have
should
Portraits
back,
names
20.
and
Spurious
Portraits,
Mis-
named
13-24.
Portsmouth, Duchess
y
217.
Foster,
Carey
portrait by
of,portrait
as
Flora, by Verelst, 176.
Pourbus, Frans, the elder, portrait-painter
31.
The.
Pretender,
Kneller, 179.
in
enamel,
Prince
James,
See
of Wales.
R.A., 96
R.A., 88.
Thomas,
Phillips,
Bishop, portrait,193.
Philpjotts,
Physicians, College of,portraits
Queen,
43.
Philips,Charles, 64.
Phillip,
John,
at,
"
11 2.
100Amateur^
Portrait Painters, Society of,125.
of, her
Petitot,John, painter
carpenter,
200.
the
portraitsat
Victorian
Exhibition, 188.
Quin, James, 242.
The, her
90.
Edge, 73.
Pine, Robert
Pitcaim, William, M.D., 203.
Mrs.
Pitt, Miss, afterwards
ler,
Scroop, her portraitby KnelPole, Cardinal, his
portraits,190.
Arthur, 63.
202.
Sir
Raebum,
exhibition
Edinburgh
179.
Pond,
Kneller's
respecting
trait
por-
1876,
Henry,
R.A., 80
of his works
National
Gallery,
121.
ton,
ThrockmorRaleigh, Elizabeth
Lady, her portrait,165.
Queen
Raleigh, Sir W\, on
Elizabeth's
portrait,158.
Ramsay, Allan, portrait-painter,
65.
*
of him,
228.
Pope, Alexander, an
painter, 107.
portrait-
amateur
the
at
INDEX
274
Scott, Sir Walter,
Portrait
Scottish
of their
125.
Scougall, John, 5a
Seeker, Archbishop, 191.
Selwyn, Bishop, 193.
Seymour,
Jane, her portraits
by
miniature
Holbein, 151 ;
by
Hilliard, 154.
of Sudeley, Thomas,
Seymour
Lord, 155.
Shackleton, John, 66.
Shakespeare, W., portraits,loi,
223,
227.
Sharp, William,
his
and
family,
202.
Archer,
87.
Miss
231.
Bishop, 133.
Shipley, W., portraitby Cosway,
Sherbum,
Sothem,
South
E.
A., 250.
Exhibitions
Kensington
of
their
Sovereigns and
Courts^
135-188.
Spelman, Sir Henry, 213.
Spottiswoode, William, P.R,S.,
221.
Stanfield, Clarkson,
113.
her
Shore, Jane,
supposed portraits,
146.
Shovel, Sir Cloudesley, 206.
Siddons, Mrs., her portraits,248.
William,
Siddons,
portrait by
Opie, 249.
Singleton, Henry, 84.
Sir
Sloane,
Hans,
P.R.S., 203,
219.
his
of
R.A.,
works
hibition
ex-
the
at
1870, 120.
Royal Academy,
of the
Stanhope, Earl, founder
National
Portrait Gallcr"',128.
Stephenson, George, 254.
Stephenson, Robert, 254.
Sterne, L., portraitby Reynolds,
on
Reynolds,
229
; his letter
229.
P.R.H.A.,
95.
portrait-painter,
243,
209-
212.
90.
Gregory,
250.
husband
Stokes, Adrian, second
of Suffolk, 163.
of the Duchess
Sir
Stokes,
George
Gabriel,
P.R.S., 221.
Stone, Henry,
portrait-painter,
4'.
Dirk,
Katharine
confusion
133,
Thomas,
Stoop,
229.
Socst, Gerard,
48.
Stewardson,
name,
173
of
as
his
picture
Bra^anza,
to
his
of
173
Christian
n.
Stretes,Gwtllim,portrait-painter,
28, 154, 156.
the
Stuart, James, painter to
Dilettanti
Society, 233.
INDEX
Exhibition
Stuart
of the
known,
Twelfth
portrait
the
magnet
electro-
227.
the
as
Night,'
in
clown
them
by
Lucas
de
Heere, 163.
Sumner, Archbishop, 191.
Sunderland, Anne, Countess
of,
her portraitby Lely, 174.
Surgeons, College of, portraits
at,
200.
Underbill, Cave, as
the
Committee,"
Swift, Dean,
M.D.,
201.
Alma,
his works
tion
R.A., exhibiat
the
39, 170,
of Charles
232 ; his portraits
I. and
his Court,
168-170 ;
exhibition
Girolamo
de, portrait-
painter, 29.
Tudor
of his works
the
at
General
Vaughan,
Exhibition
(iallery,1890,
Harry,
210.
Admiral
Vernon,
Robert,
at
123.
the
Edward,
206.
257.
Exhibition
at the
Galler)',1892,
New
123.
Wake,
Archbishop, 191.
Walker, Robert, portrait-painter,
44,
232.
New
Sir
Wallace,
William,
his
trait,
por-
15.
owner,
Sir
Walpole,
Robert, portrait of
S. Richardson
of, 19
Treviso,
portrait-
Gros-
venor
VI
240.
Vanderbank,
John,
painter, 58.
Vandyck, Sir Anthony,
Victorian
L.
of
in
52.
229.
Thomas,
James, 93.
Sydenham,
Tadema,
Obadiah
"
35-
Syme,
portrait-painter,loi.
247.
Duke
Suffolk, Charles
Brandon,
of,and Mary, Queen Dowager
of France, 155.
Frances
Suffolk,
Brandon,
her
Duchess
second
of, and
husband, Adrian
Stokes, picture
of
222.
John,
Dickcv,
Suett,
'*
Sir
New
no
of
inventor
Suckling,
the
at
275
wife
Sir
Catherine
altered
Robert
to
and
that
his
their
Shorter,
portraits, 181.
of WhiteWalton,
Dr., Rector
chapel,
193.
276
INDEX
Isaac,
Walton,
227.
155,
his
works
189.
Wilton, Joseph,
G.
Watts,
of his
works
at
the
Portrait
National
Wellington,
ist
203.
exhibition
Grosvenor
portraitWilliam,
Wissing,
painter, 52.
Woffington, Peg, portraits,243.
James, 211.
Wolfe, General
Wolsey, Cardinal, his portraits,
Gallery, 131.
of, portraits,
Duke
Wesley,
West,
the
at
1833,
British
tion,
Institu-
of
Painting,
Lord
Mayor,
25.
Sir
White,
Thomas,
252.
his
portrait,
197.
Hogarth,
Ramsay,
6^.
Allan
on
David, portrait by
of
Phillips, 232 ; exhibition
Wilkie,
his
Sir
works
at
the
British
Sir
of
Thomas,
portraitof
portraits
Worthies,
Worcestershire
William, likeness
Wordsworth,
to
Milton, 225 ; portrait by
Pickersgill,232.
Wren, Sir Christopher, 216, 217.
Andrew,
Wright,
sergeant
painter to Henry VIII., 28.
Wright, Joseph, A.R.A., 73.
WVight, Joseph Michael, portrait-painter
49.
Joseph, P.R.S.,
174,
^n-
Young,
Zoffany,Johann,
of theatrical
exhibition
217.
of
Eresby,
Willoughby
Bertie, Lord, 209.
Wills, Rev. James, 109.
ClilNWICiC
TOOKS
press:"
COURT,
grine
Pere-
British
Zucharo,
painter
portraits,237 ;
R. A., 73 ;
of his works
CHANCERY
AND
WHITTINGHAM
LANE,
at
the
Institution,1814, 114.
portraitFederigo,
painter,31.
CHARLES
of,
Duchess
Hyde,
Anne
stitution,
InYork,
1842, 115.
Wilkins, Bishop John, 176, 216.
William
111.,his portraits,178.
William
IV., his portrait when
of
Duke
Clarence, 188.
Williamson,
John, 94.
John
Woodhouse,
M.D., 112.
John,
Woolaston,
painter, 55.
Worcester, exhibition
121.
114.
School
Westminster
192.
Wood,
212.
works
232.
Castle, portraitsin,132.
Winstanley, Hamlet, 62.
Windsor
60
stitution,
In-
British
the
at
18 14, 114.
LONDON.
CC.