Preferential subject: Methods to improve the performance of protection systems

DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION SYSTEM OF MXIMUM RELIABILITY FOR

500 KV POWER SYSTEMS
Daniel BELLOMO
TRANELSA S.A.
UNIV TECNOLOGICA LP
ARGENTINA
ldbellomo@hotmail.com

Carlos DI PALMA
TRANELSA S.A.
ARGENTINA
cdipalma@tranelsa.com

Summary
In order to get maximum Reliability of the Protection Systems for HV Lines, it is necessary to
analyze:
Part I: the right and exhaustive adjustment of the parameters of each protection
terminal (IED), analyzing all possible conditions of failures of the HV Lines, as well as
all the deployments of the protection system
Part II: the selection of the best link and topology for the Communication between the
terminals of the protection system
A)Part I will describe how to do the detailed verification of the adjustment of the protection
system using the Parametric Study. It means to consider several types of failures applied to
the HV System under analysis, as follows:
Three phase failures
Two phase failures without contact to earth
Two phase failures with contact to earth
Single phase failure
Selection of the phases that are involved in the failure
Location of the failures
Resistance of the failure
All the simulations are done over the same scenario where all the alternatives of failure are
modified automatically. The verification of the multiplicity of parameters means a lot of
simulations. They are done and their results are extracted due to suitable scripts in the
environment of the Software type EMTP. That method allows the representation on three
phases of the whole HV network, as well as their controls. Additionally, it is possible to take
into account the effect of unbalance in the different phases as well as the non-linearity of the
equipment under modelling.
The paper will describe how were done the simulations with impedance Mho relay. This relay
will allow verify with high precision as well as compare the adjustments initially proposed by
the normal Coordination Study of Protection (ECP), as well as to contrast it against the
Parametric Study here described. The goal is to discover eventual operations that could not
be assumed by the protection system.
B)Part II will analyze the critical parameters of the Communication Links that will be used by
the Protection Systems before described:

High Availability of the link

Low latency of the transmission link

Correct synchronization of both terminals (in each end of the HV Line)

In order to obtain these goals it will be shown the necessary requirements:
a) Obtain high figures of Availability for the join of the systems of Protection +
Communication + Teleprotection.
b) Mnimum latency in the digital links of optical fibers, in order to have a deterministic
performance, with high speed and maximum immunity

c) Synchronization of both protection terminals by using GPS receivers located in each

end of the HV Line. It means to preserve the functioning of the protection system in
case of lost of the communication link
It will analyze the topologies that give the maximum Availability to the functioning of the
Differential Protection System (Main System)
Equivalently, it will analyze the topologies that can give the maximum Availability for the
functioning of the Impedance Protection System (Backup System)

Keywords
Parametric Study; Coordination Study of Protection; Bit error rate; Network Management
System; Global Positioning System; Intelligent Electronic Device; Latency; Availability;
Teleprotection