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FIRO-B

A Theory of Interpersonal Orientation

A Sample of Interpersonal Problems


Communication Problems
Loss of Motivation
Indiscriminate Opposition
Problems in Group Functioning
Difficulty in reaching decisions
Inefficient division of labor
Presence of problem members
Task distortions

FIRO -B
Helps you become more aware of
your interpersonal behavior habits
The FIRO - B examines the way you
typically act with other people

Self-Awareness = Key
Personal/Professional Development
Employee/Management Relations
Career Development
Team Building
Leadership Development
Emotional Intelligence

THREE BASIC NEEDS


INCLUSION:
Inclusion assesses the degree to which a person
associates with others
Need for interaction or belongingness

CONTROL:
Measures the extent to which a person assumes
responsibility, makes decisions, or dominates
people
Need with respect to power and influence

AFFECTION:
Reflects the degree to which a person becomes
emotionally involved with others
Need with respect to love and affection

FIRO-B is based on Self Concept


Competence
(Control)

Significance
(Inclusion)
A sense of
belonging to the
world, that ones
presence matters
leading to
behaviors related
to inclusion

Lovability
(Affection)

A sense that we can


act, decide and
direct our actions
successfully, leading
to behaviors of
control.

A sense that we are lovable, deserving of love and being


loved, seeking connection with others, leading to
behaviors related to affection and openness.

Three Basic Needs: Two Dimensions


Expressed score represents the persons
manifest behavior. It is overt, observable
behavior.
Wanted scores refer to what the person
wants from other people in the areas of
inclusion, control, and affection.
What a person seeks is less directly
observable but it is valuable information in
understanding and predicting his/her
behavior

What do the scores mean?


0-2

You are pretty selective and display/want these


behaviors on rare occasions to a few people

3-6

You are pretty situational in these behaviors,


displaying/wanting them with some people

7-9

You express/want these behaviors with many


people, much of the time

FUNDAMENTAL INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS ORIENTATION-BEHAVIOR


HIGH

EXPRESSED
LOW

HIGH

WANTED
LOW

INCLUSION
OVERSOCIAL
I like to be with people
and when I can I
generally seek out their
company.

CONTROL
AUTOCRAT
I like making decisions
and taking responsibility.
Taking charge is no
problem for me.

AFFECTION
OVERPERSONAL
I tend to get quite close and
personal with others, deeply
involving myself with them.

UNDERSOCIAL
Im not very comfortable
with others; I prefer to
stay by myself unless I
have to mix.

ABDICRAT
Id prefer to avoid, as
much as I can, making
decisions and taking
charge of things.

UNDERPERSONAL
I am very cautious about
getting too close to others. I
tend to avoid personal
involvement.

SOCIALCOMPLIANT
I have a very strong need
to be accepted by others
and feel bad when I am
left out.
COUNTERSOCIAL
Im very choosy about
my acquaintances. I dont
want everybody knocking
at my door.

SUBMISSIVE
I tend to allow others to
have their way me.

PERSONALCOMPLIANT
I like getting close to others,
but I prefer them to take the
first step in getting friendly.

REBELLIOUS
I dont like others
deciding things for me
and I resist their
attempts to control me.

COUNTER-PERSONAL
Im quite selective in my
choice of friends. Few if any
can get really close to me.

INCLUSION
General social orientation
Inclusion

0-1
0-1

E
W

LONER
Most comfortable when left alone

Inclusion

4-5
0-1

E
W

THE EXCLUSIVE CLUB


Prefers a select circle of friends

Inclusion

8-9
0-1

E
W

Enjoys company of many friends


just as so long as there is time for
him/her

Inclusion

8-9
8-9

E
W

Seems driven toward people. Maybe a


defensive behavior to protect against
rejection

CONTROL
Uncovers a persons inclinations in leadership, and
tendencies toward taking or avoiding decision and
responsibilities.
Control
8-9
0-1

E
W

Takes upon oneself many responsibilities.


Drawn towards dependent people. Style is
influenced by stance in the inclusion and
affection areas.

Control
0-1
8-9

E
W

Dependent, avoids responsibility, expects others


to make decisions

Control
0-1
E
THE LOYAL LIEUTENANT
6-7
W
Good middle-(wo)man. Needs specific
instructions

Control
0-1
4-5

E
THE CHECKER
W
Wants reassurance, wants to compare his/her
thinking with others; will ascertain support

Control
4-5
4-5

E
W

THE MATCHER
Prefers not to work alone, but to match own
effort to others effort

Control
0-1-2
0-1-2

E
W

Likes neither to control, nor be controlled. The


person projects an impression of self-sufficiency
and independence

AFFECTION

An individuals orientation toward one-to-one in depth relationships, or the


level at which one seems comfortable n relating with friends and loved ones,
and not mere acquaintances

Affection
0-1
0-1
Affection
8-9
8-9
Affection
0-1
8-9
Affection
8-9
0-1

E
W

Finds it difficult to get close to others

E
W

No trouble initiating friendships, has


strong need for others to move closer

E
W

THE CAUTIOUS LOVER


Often waits for others to initiate intimacy

E
W

The MASK OF INTIMACY


Seems to be warm and friendly but
wants very few friends

Selected FIRO-B Profiles


I

0 1
0-1

0-1
0-1

0-1
0-1

E
W

The ROCK
Quite defensive. Stands alone and aloof. Somehow managing
to protect oneself.

I
8-9
8-9

8-9
0-1

8-9
8-9

E
W

The BALL OF FIRE


Outgoing, sociable. Has hard time saying no. Capable of
taking large amounts of responsibility

Selected FIRO-B Profiles


I

0-1
8-9

0-1
8-9

0-1
8-9

E
W

Very frustrated. Makes great demands on others unconsciously.

I
8-9
0-1

8-9
8-9
E
0-1
0-1
W
Tries to manipulate & control others. Sociable, outgoing, seemingly-resists
others taking initiative. Relationships are a one-way street-always under
ones control.

Putting all the Scores Together


I

Putting all this together Activity Level

E eI

+ eC

eA

18+-outgoing, active
9 or less seldom an initiator,

+I

W wI

+ wC

A
=

wA

passive

Need Level
=

20+-high desire for people to


make contact

11 or less low desire for


people to relate

II

II

II

Importance of
people

Assuming
Responsibility

Importance of
Affection

II
Social Interaction
Index
=

15+ being with people is

11+ willing to hold

More than 12 ..

important and worth the


effort

responsible and be held


responsible

More than 38.. people are

9 or less being with people

5 or less tendency

Regularly prefers and seeks


closeness and human
warmth

not what one wants

to avoid task
responsibility, preferring
to live and let live and
to value freedom over
responsibility

Less than 6.. Tends


either to avoid close relations in
general or is quite selective
about those with whom he/she
becomes intimate

important. The person desires and


seeks out relations with them

Less than 20 .. Low people


needs

Conflict and Compatibility


Originator Conflict
The extent to which there may be conflict between two people because
both of them want to initiate in an area or neither want to initiate. Esp. in
the area of control.

e
w

I
-

C
H
L

A
-

e
w

I
-

C
H
L

A
-

SUBORDINATE
SUPERVISOR
Let us do it our way, and well give you excellent results.
You will do things the way I tell you to do them. Please do not tell me
how to instruct you

Originator Compatibility (OC)


The extent to which there may be conflict
between two people because both want to
initiate in one area, or because neither wants
to initiate
OC = ( Ae - Aw ) + ( Be - Bw )
0 to 6 = Complete Compatibility
-6 to -18 = Apathetic incompatibility
+ 6 to + 18 = Competitive Incompatibility
18

Conflict and Compatibility


Interchange Incompatibility/Compatibility
Where there is (in)compatibility in interest and involvement. Esp in
areas of Inclusion and Affection

e
w

I
H
H

C
-

A
-

I
e L
w L

C
-

A
-

flatmate1
flatmate 2
Why dont you invite some of your friends to your
place?

Conflict and Compatibility


e
w

H
H

HUSBAND
Do you still care for me?
Isnt it obvious

e w -

L
H

WIFE

Interchange Compatibility (IC)


Measures compatibility in involvement
in any one area
IC = ( Ae + Aw ) - ( Be + Bw )
0 = Complete Compatibility
18 = Extreme Incompatibility
Equal to & greater than 6 indicates
Incompatibility
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Conflict and Compatibility


Reciprocal Compatibility
Whether As expressed behavior matches with what B wants
and whether Bs expressed behavior matches with what A
wants

e
w

L
H

e
w

Subordinate
What do you think I ought to do?
Dont worry I will tell you exactly what to do?

H
L

Superior

Reciprocal Compatibility
Is an index of whether As expressed
behavior matches what B wants and
whether Bs expressed behavior
matches what A wants
RC = ( Ae - Bw ) + ( Be - Aw )
0 = Complete Compatibility
18 = Extreme Incompatibility
Equal to & greater than 6 indicates
Incompatibility

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Group Development and FIRO


IN or OUT

Information of group
How much commitment
Setting boundary conditions
Getting to know each other

TOP or BOTTOM
Who will take up what role?
Norms around sharing responsibility

NEAR or FAR
Emotional integration
Mostly in dyads

FIRO - B
When you are aware of the behavior patterns
you can better decide when to act in your
normal way and when it seems more
appropriate to act differently.
As you change your habits by making different
choices in your behavior, your FIRO scores will
also change

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