_ Verbs followed by participles. En esta unidad encontraré la segunda de las tres partes en que esti dividido el estudio de Ia formacién de estructuras verbales en inglés. Con respecto a este tema, en la unidad anterior ha visto diversos tipos de verbos seguidos de adjetivos, mientras que el centro de atencidn de la presente unidad lo constituyen los verbos seguidos de participios. La proxima unidad esti dedicada a los verbos seguidos de infinitivos. El término participle comprende tanto el present participle (Ia forma -ing de los verbos) como el past participle (la tercera parte” de ls verbos). Aqui tiene algunos ejemplos de los tipos de construcciones que estudiar en las siguientes jas, tomados de recientes unidades. P: 1) verb + present participle. Jeff really enjoys cooking these days. (p. 1619) T usually go swimming on Fridays. (p. 1591) hate having to wait for buses. (p. 1642) he didn't like being married to a spy. (p. 1605) When I start taiking, I can talk all night. (p. 1487) 2) verb + direct object + present participle. 1 heard a little girl talking to her father. (p. 1658) If you want a picture of the future, imagine a boot stamping ‘on a human face ~ for ever. (p. 1534) 3) verb + past participle. If you play with fire, you get burnt. (p. 1584) You'll probably get killed. (p. 1586) 4) verb + direct object + past participle If you want something done well, do it yourself. (p. 1 2) Las secciones de Speaking and listening y de Grammar de la presente unidad proporcionan muchos nuevos ejemplos de las cuatro estructuras anteriores, la primera de las cuales es la usada con més frecuencia. En las restantes secciones encontrar, entre otras cosas, palabras y frases que se utilizan para expresarse indirectamente, un extracto de un relato de Sherlock Holmes y algunos ejercicios de lectura y escritura. Asimismo podra realizar algunos ejercicios relativos a ccémo escuchar y tomar notas, con los cuales completaré la prictica efectuada en la unidad anterior acerca de las notas que se toman mientras se lee. Confusiones que debe evitar. He aqui una posible confusién muy vinculada con el tema de la presente unidad. La expresi6n feel like puede utilizarse seguida tanto de la forma -ing de un verbo como de una oracién completa. En el primer caso significa “querer” (encontrara un ejemplo en la cancién de la pagina 1727: Pd felt like leaving many times before), mientras que en cl segundo caso significa *sentirse como si ...” (ha visto un ejemplo de este uso en la frase I feel like I’m clinging to a cloud. que figura en la cancién de la unidad anterior). mirT Speaking and listening If you want something done well, do it yourself. El proverbio que da titulo al presente apartado proporciona un ejemplo de una de las estructuras mencionadas en la pagina anterior: verbo (want) + complemento directo (something) + participio de pasado (done), Hay varios verbos que pueden adoptar esta estructura: waint y su equivalente mas cortés would like son dos de ellos; have Y get son los otros dos verbos de uso mas frecuente. Study these examples. dire rt a * object o participle . hve rm gometo [Mt] my mire want ] wang ME] cut really shor Voy a cortarme el pelo lo quiero | © | cortado realmente corto. Jo querria If you want something done well, d Woman 1: Hello, George! Man: Oh, hi, Carol. Woman 1: You've had your hair cut! It looks very ... strik- ing. Man: Yes. I said to the hairdresser: “I'd like it eut short at the front and left long at the back.” He had a different idea. He's very “creative”. Woman 1: Uh-huh. Man: ‘As you can see, I had it cut short at the sides and left long on the top. I'm just beginning to regret it. ... Oh, have you beem shopping? Woman I: Yes. Buying paint. Man: Are you having your flat re-decorated? Woman I: Well, Pm not having it redecorated. I'm re- decorating it myself. Man: Oh, Woman 1: You know what they say: “If you want something done well, do it yourself.” Man: Yes. From now on, I think I'll cut my own hair instead of going to the hairdresser’s. Pm going to have my hair cut, ‘and I want it cut really short. Practice. — Read these sentences aloud. I'm going to have my hair cut. [think PI have my flat re-decorated. I need to get my eyes tested. I must get my car repaired. ~ Answer these questions. ‘When was the last time you had your eyes tested? Do you cut your own hair, or do you have it cut? Has your home been re-decorated recently? (Di you do iUNIT 85 Agu{ practicaré el uso de una estructura similar a la que ha estudiado en la pdgina anterior, pero en la que se utiliza el participio de presente (-ing). Este modelo de frase implica con frecuencia el uso de un verbo relativo a los sentidos, como hear 0 see. Vio dos ejemplos en la unidad 81, cuando Mr Jones contaba chistes. heard two little boys talking on the bus. T heard a little girl calking to her father. ‘Aqui tiene algunos ejemplos més room) a ireet |, [present [wert |. + | onjeet'| * | pticiate Tsew you. coming. = TefLe vi venir jeard someone singing. «Ota alguien cantar Tome queméndose. something burning. ol Listen. Man: (As the door is opened.) Ohi Woman 2: 1 saw you coming. I was looking through the window. You've been to the haitdresser’s, then. Man: Yes. Now, be honest. What do you think? Woman 2: Welt, it's very Man Striking? Woman 2: Yes, that’s a good word. It’s very “striking”, Man: Mmm. I met Carol coming out of the paint shop. She said it was “striking”. And there were two people sitting behind me on the bus. I heard them talking. One of them said: “That's very striking.” Woman 2: How do you know they were talking about your hair? Man: Oh, I'm sure they were. I could fee! them looking at it. Woman 2: It was your imagination. ‘Man: Maybe. ... What's that smell? I ean smell some- thing burning. Woman 2: Probably your ears - if everybody's talking about you. ‘Man: Ha, ha. I can definitely smell something burning. Woman 2: Ab. Yes, you're right. I think lunch is ready. Its steak ... very well done. S) Theard them talking. ‘One of them said “That's very striking, Zz NLP. My (His, etc.) ears are burning is an idiom. It means believe that someone is talking about me (He believes that someone is talking about him, etc.). So it is possible to say, for example: Were your ears burning yesterday evening? We were talking about you. Question. How would you translate the following expressions? It’s very “striking”. W's steak ... very well done. ‘Answers on page 1740 173