SUMMARY OF PROPHETIC AND OTHER PRONOUNCEMENTS IN SUPPORT OF THE NON-MUSLIM

CITIZENS OF AN ISLAMIC STATE;

(1 ) The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) emphasized the duties of Muslims towards

non-Muslims threatening anyone who violates them with the wrath and punishment of Allah. The

Prophet is reported to have said: "He who hurts a non Muslim hurts me, and he who hurts me

annoys Allah." (Reported by At -Tabarani in Al-Awsat with good chain of narrators.)

(2 ) He also says, "Whoever hurts a non Muslim , I am his adversary, and I shall be an adversary

to him on the Day of Resurrection." Reported by Al-Khatib with authentic chain of narrations.)

(3 )
"On the Day of Judgment I will dispute with anyone who oppresses a person from among the
People of the Covenant, or infringes upon his right, or puts a responsibility on him which is

beyond his strength, or takes something from him against his will." (Reported by Abu Dawud )

(4 ) The Maliki jurist, Shahab Ad-Deen Al-Qarafi states: The covenant of protection imposes upon

us certain obligations toward Ahl Adh-Dhimmah. They are our neighbors, under our shelter and

protection upon the guarantee of Allah, His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) and the

religion of Islam. Whoever violates these obligations against anyone of them, by damaging his

reputation, or by doing him some injury, has breached the Covenant of Allah, His Messenger, and

his conduct run counters to the teachings of Islam. (Al-Furuq, by Al-Qarafi.)

(5) And the Zahiri jurist, Ibn Hazm, says: If a Dhimmi is threatened by an enemy, it is our

obligation to fight the enemy with soldiers and weapons. With this, we will be honoring the

Covenant of Allah and His Messenger. To hand him over to the enemy would mean to betrayal to

the Covenant of Allah and His Messenger. (MaratibAl-Ijma', by Ibn Hazm)

(6 ) I recommend my successor to abide by the rules and regulations concerning the Dhimmis

(protectees) of Allah and His Apostle, to fulfill their contracts completely and fight for them and

not to tax (overburden) them beyond their capabilities." - Omar dictating his will on his death

bed.

(7 ) I also recommend him concerning Allah's and His Apostle's protectees (i.e. Dhimmis) to fulfill

their contracts and to fight for them and not to overburden them with what is beyond their

ability." - (Another paraphrasing of the same statement by Omar – see above)

(8 ) We said to 'Umar bin Al-Khattab, Jo Chief of the believers! Advise us." He said, "I advise you

to fulfill Allah's Convention (made with the Dhimmis) as it is the convention of your Prophet and

the source of the livelihood of your dependents (i.e. the taxes from the Dhimmis.) " On a different

occasion Omar was asked by some people for some general Advice, and he had advised them of the same as

we have just seen. (Narrated by Juwairiya bin Qudama At-Tamimi: Volume 4 : Book 53 : Hadith 388 : )

(9 ) And the asylum granted by any Muslim Is to be secured by all the Muslims even if it is granted
by one of the lowest social status among them. And whoever betrays a Muslim in this respect will

incur the Curse of Allah, the angels and all the people, and his compulsory and optional good

deeds of worship will not be accepted.

(10 ) Another paraphrasing of the same statement of Omar “ I recommend him to abide by the

rules and regulations concerning the Dhimmis (protectees) of Allah and His Apostle, to fulfill their

contracts completely and fight for them and not to tax (overburden) them beyond their

capabilities."