AcademicWordList

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Headwords
abandon
abstract
academy

Other words in the family.

abandoned, abandoning, abandonment, abandons
abstraction, abstractions, abstractly, abstracts
academia, academic , academically, academics, academies

Definition*
stop doing something because of problems
based on ideas
connected with education

Translation
vazgemek
nazari
akademik

access

accessed, accesses, accessibility, accessible, accessing,

inaccessible
accommodated, accommodates, accommodating,
accommodation
accompanied , accompanies, accompaniment,
accompanying, unaccompanied
accumulated, accumulating, accumulation, accumulates
accuracy, accurately, inaccuracy, inaccuracies, inaccurate

find and use information, especially on a

computer
a place to live or work

erisim
kalacak yer

somebody goes with someone

eslik eden

gradual increase in quantity

exactly correct

birikme
dogru, tam

succeed in doing something good

basarmak

accepted that something was true

dogrulugunu kabul
etmek
edinim, kazanim
uyarlama

accommodate
accompany
accumulate
accurate
achieve
acknowledge
acquire
adapt
adequate
adjacent
adjust

administrate

achievable, achieved, achievement, achievements, achieves,

achieving
acknowledged, acknowledges, acknowledging,
acknowledgement, acknowledgements
acquired, acquires, acquiring, acquisition , acquisitions
adaptability, adaptable, adaptation, adaptations, adapted,
adapting, adaptive, adapts
adequacy, adequately, inadequacies, inadequacy,
inadequate, inadequately

get something
change something so that it can be used in a
diffrerent situation
enough for a particular purpose

yeterli

next to something
bitisik
adjusted, adjusting, adjustment, adjustments, adjusts,
change or move something slightly
duzeltmek, ayarlamak
readjust, readjusted, readjusting, readjustment,
readjustments, readjusts
administrates, administration, administrations, administrative, the work of managing the affairs of a company yonetim
administratively, administrator, administrators

adult
advocate

adulthood, adults
advocacy, advocated, advocates, advocating

fully grown
yetiskin
say you strongly support a way of doing things avukat

affect

affected, affecting, affective, affectively, affects, unaffected

cause a change

etkilemek

aggregate
aid
albeit
allocate

aggregated, aggregates, aggregating, aggregation

aided, aiding, aids, unaided

total
help or support
although
decide to use something for a particular
purpose
change or make something change

toplam
yardim, destek
e ragmen
ayirmak, tahsis etmek

something you can do instead of something

else
having more than one possible meaning
make small changes or improvements

alternatif

alter

allocated, allocates, allocating, allocation, allocations

alternative

alterable, alteration, alterations, altered, altering, alternate,

alternating, alters, unalterable, unaltered
alternatively, alternatives

ambiguous
amend

ambiguities, ambiguity, unambiguous, unambiguously

amended, amending, amendment, amendments, amends

analogy
analyse

analogies, analogous
similar to another situation or thing
analysed, analyser, analysers, analyses, analysing, analysis , careful examination
analyst, analysts, analytic, analytical, analytically

annual
anticipate

annually
anticipated, anticipates, anticipating, anticipation,
unanticipated
apparently
appendix, appended, appends, appending, appendices,
appendixes
appreciable, appreciably, appreciated, appreciates,
appreciating, appreciation, unappreciated

happening once every year

expect something to happen

a way of doing something or dealing with a

problem
suitable for a particular time or purpose

uygun

a little more or less than an exact number

yaklasik

arbitrary

approachable, approached, approaches, approaching,

unapproachable
appropriacy, appropriately, appropriateness, inappropriacy,
inappropriate, inappropriately
approximated, approximately, approximates, approximating,
approximation, approximations
arbitrariness, arbitrarily

not based on any practical or good reasons

istege bagli, gelisiguzel

area
aspect

areas
aspects

a particular subject or type of activity

one of the parts of a situation or subject

alan, ilgi alani

gorunum, parca

apparent
append
appreciate
approach
appropriate
approximate

easily seen or understood

a part at the end of a book that has additional
information
understand a difficult situation or problem

degistirmek

belirsiz, muglak
degisiklik yapmak,
duzeltmek
benzer, benzesen
analiz

yillik
beklemek, tahmin
etmek, ummak
acik, asikar
ek (kitabin sonundaki
ek)
anlamak, farkina
varmak
yaklasim tarzi

AcademicWordList

assemble

assembled, assembles, assemblies, assembling, assembly

assess

assessable, assessed, assesses, assessing, assessment ,

assessments, reassess, reassessed, reassessing,
reassessment, unassessed
assigned, assigning, assignment, assignments, assigns,
reassign, reassigned, reassigning, reassigns, unassigned

assign

assist
assume
assure
attach
attain
attitude
attribute

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a group of people who have come togther for a meclis, kongre
particular purpose
examine something and make a decision about degerlendirmek, derger
it
vermek, deger bicmek
give somebody a job to do

assistance, assistant, assistants, assisted, assisting, assists, help and support

unassisted
assumed, assumes, assuming, assumption, assumptions
think that something is true
assurance , assurances, assured, assuredly, assures,
assuring
attached, attaches, attaching, attachment, attachments,
unattached
attainable, attained , attaining, attainment, attainments,
attains, unattainable
attitudes
attributable, attributed, attributes, attributing, attribution

tell someone that something will definitely

happen or is true
fasten or join
achieve something after trying for a long time

bond

what you think and feel about something

said that something was caused or written by
someone
authored, authoring, authors, authorship
someone who writes a book or article
authoritative, authorities
someone who is respected because of their
knowledge
automatic, automated, automates, automating, automatically , without much human control
automation
availability, unavailable
that you can get, buy, or use etc
awareness, unaware
knowing about or realising something
instead of someone
beneficial, beneficiary, beneficiaries, benefited, benefiting,
an advantage or improvement
benefits
biased, biases, biasing, unbiased
an opinion that unfairly influences how you do
something
bonded, bonding, bonds
a shared feeling or interest that unites people

brief
bulk
capable

brevity, briefed, briefing, briefly, briefs

bulky
capabilities, capability, incapable

capacity

capacities, incapacitate, incapacitated

category
cease

categories , categorisation, categorise, categorised,

categorises, categorising, categorizing
ceased, ceaseless, ceases , ceasing

challenge

challenged, challenger, challengers, challenges, challenging

channel
chapter
chart

channelled, channelling, channels

chapters
charted, charting, charts, uncharted

chemical
circumstance

chemically, chemicals
circumstances

cite

citation, citations, cited, citing, cites

author
authority
automate
available
aware
behalf
benefit
bias

gorev vermek, tayin

etmek
yardim, destek
varsaymak, farz etmek
inandirmak, ikna etmek
baglamak, eklemek
ulasmak, kazanmak,
erismek
tutum, davranis
alakali olmak, sebep
olmak
yazar
otorite
otomatik olarak
mevcut
farkinda
adina, namina
fayda, yarar
onyargi, egilim
bag, iliski

clarify

clarification, clarified, clarifies, clarifying, clarity

continuing for only a short time

ozet, kisa
in large quantities
yigin
having the power, skill or other qualities that
yetenekli
are needed to do something
the amount that a factory or machine can
kapasite
produce
groups of people or things that have the same kategori
qualities or features
stops doing something or stops happening
durmak, kesmek,
bitirmek
say that you doubt whether something is right meydan okumak
or true
use something for a particular purpose
kanal
one of the parts a book is divided into
bolum
information that is shown in the form of a
grafik, tablo
picture
related to substances used in chemistry
kimyasal
a fact or condition that affects what happens in sartlar, durumlar
a situation
use someone's words to support what you are alinti yapmak
saying
realating to the laws about private business,
uygar, medeni, devletle
not crime
ilgili
clearness in the way you speak, write or think aciklik, berraklik

classic
clause

classical, classics
clauses

based om a traditional set of ideas

a part of a legal document

code
coherent
coincide
collapse

coded, codes, coding

coherence , coherently, incoherent, incoherently
coincided, coincides, coinciding, coincidence, coincidences,
coincident, coincidental
collapsed, collapses, collapsible, collapsing

a set of rules or laws

clear and easy to understand
happen by chance at the same time or in the
same place
fail suddenly and completely

colleague

colleagues

people you work with

civil

klasik
madde, bent, hukum,
fikra
kanun, kanunname
kolay anlasilir
cakismak, rastgelmek
daraltmak, cokmek,
yikilmak
meslektas

AcademicWordList

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commence

commenced , commences, commencement, commencing,

recommences, recommenced, recommencing

comment

give an opinion about something or someone yorumlamak

commentaries, commentary, commentator, commentators,
commented, commenting, comments
commissioned, commissioner, commissioners,
ask for a piece of work to be done by someone komisyon
commissioning, commissions
commitment, commitments, commits, committed, committing a promise to do something
adamak, ustlenmek,
emanet etmek
commodities
a product that is being bought and sold
mal , esya
communicable, communicated, communicates,
process of exchanging information or ideas by iletisim kurmak,
communicating, communication , communications,
speaking or writing
nakletmek
communicative, communicatively, uncommunicative
communities
a small area or town and the people who live in toplum, cemiyet
it
compatibility, incompatibility, incompatible
too different to be able to exist or live together uyumlu

commission
commit
commodity
communicate

community
compatible

begin

baslamak, baslatmak

compensate

compensated, compensates, compensating, compensation ,

compensations, compensatory

something that makes a bad situation seem

better

tazmin etmek, bedelini

odemek, telafi etmek

compile

compilation, compilations, compiled , compiles, compiling

derlemek

complement
complex
component

complementary, complemented, complementing,

complements
complexities, complexity
componentry, components

compound

compounded, compounding, compounds

comprehensive
comprise
compute

comprehensively
comprised, comprises, comprising
computation, computational, computations, computable,
computer , computed, computerised, computers, computing

make a book, list, etc. from different pieces of

information
something that makes another thing seem
good
consisting of many connected parts
one of the different parts of a machine or
system
a substance that consists of two or more
elements
including everything that is needed
form part of a larger group
an electronic machine that can that can store
and arrange large quantities of information

conceive

conceivable, conceivably, conceived , conceives, conceiving, think of a new idea or plan

inconceivable, inconceivably
concentrated, concentrates, concentrating, concentration
the abilty to think very carefully about
something for a long time
conception, concepts, conceptual, conceptualisation,
a general idea
conceptualise, conceptualised, conceptualises,
conceptualising, conceptually
confirmation, confirmed, confirming, confirms
said or proved something is definitely true
conflicted, conflicting, conflicts
a situation in which you have to choose
between opposing things
obey or follow an existing rule
conformable, conformability, conformance, conformation,
conformed, conforming, conformist, conformists, conformity ,
conforms, nonconformist, nonconformists, nonconformity,
non-conformist, non-conformists, non-conformity

concentrate
concept

confirm
conflict
conform

tumleyici, tamamlayici
karmasik, kompleks
bilesen, icerik
bilesik, eklemek
kapsamli, cok yonlu
kapsamak, icermek
hesaplamak

gebe kalmak,
dusunmek
konstantrasyon, yigma,
toplama
kavram, fikir, gorus

dogrulamak
cakismak
uyggunluk

consent
consequent

consensus, consented, consenting, consents

consequence, consequences , consequently

considerable

considerably

consist

consisted, consistency, consistent , consistently, consisting,

consists, inconsistencies, inconsistency, inconsistent

made of or contain a number of different things tutarli

constant

constancy, constantly, constants, inconstancy, inconstantly

happening regularly or all the time

sabit, degismez

constitute

constituencies, constituency, constituent, constituents,

constituted, constitutes, constituting, constitution,
constitutions, constitutional , constitutionally, constitutive,
unconstitutional
constrained, constraining, constrains, constraint, constraints ,
unconstrained
constructed, constructing, construction , constructions,
constructive, constructs, reconstruct, reconstructed,
reconstructing, reconstruction, reconstructs
consultancy, consultant, consultants, consultation,
consultations, consultative, consulted, consults, consulting

a set of laws and powers that describes the

power and purposes of a govenment or
organisation

anayasal, yapisal

things that limit your freedom to do what you

want
the process of building something large such
as a house, bridge or road

kisitlamalar

constrain
construct

consult

permission to do something
razi olmak
things that happen as a result of something
sonuclar
else
large enough to be important or have an effect onemli, hatri sayilir

a discussion in which people who are affected

by a decision can say what they think should
be done

yapi

muzakere, istisare,
danisma

AcademicWordList

consume
contact

consumed, consumer, consumers, consumes, consuming,

consumption
contactable, contacted, contacting, contacts

contemporary

contemporaries

context

contexts, contextual, contextualise, contextualised,

contextualising, uncontextualised
contracted, contracting, contractor, contractors, contracts

contract

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someone who buys or uses goods and
services
communication with a person organisation or
country
happening or existing in the same period of
time
the situation within which something happens

convene

convention , convenes, convened, convening, conventional,

conventionally, conventions, unconventional

a formal written agreement between two

people, companies etc
a difference between two statements, facts etc.
which means they cannot both be true
used to emphasise that the opposite of what
someone has just said is actually true
a big difference between people, situations,
ideas etc. that are being compared
something that you give or do to help make
something successful
a lot of argument and disagreement about
something
a large formal meeting of people who belong to
the same profession, organisation etc.

converse
convert

conversely
conversion, conversions, converted, convertible, converting,
converts
convinced, convinces, convincing, convincingly, unconvinced

in a way that is opposite to something

changed from one system or purpose to
another
certain that something is true

cooperated, cooperates, cooperating, cooperation,

cooperative, cooperatively, co-operate, co-operated, cooperates, co-operation, co-operative, co-operatively
coordinated, coordinates, coordinating, coordination ,
coordinator, coordinators, co-ordinate, co-ordinated, coordinates, co-ordinating, co-ordination, co-ordinator, coordinators
cores, coring, cored

willing to help

contradict
contrary

contradicted, contradicting, contradiction , contradictions,

contradictory, contradicts
contrarily

contrast

contrasted, contrasting, contrastive, contrasts

contribute

contributed, contributes, contributing, contribution ,

contributions, contributor, contributors
controversies, controversial, controversially, uncontroversial

controversy

convince
cooperate

coordinate

core
corporate
correspond

credit
criteria

corporates, corporation, corporations

corresponded, correspondence, corresponding ,
correspondingly, corresponds
coupled, coupling, couples
created, creates, creating, creation, creations, creative,
creatively, creativity, creator, creators, recreate, recreated,
recreates, recreating
credited, crediting, creditor, creditors, credits
criterion

crucial
culture

crucially
cultural, culturally, cultured, cultures, uncultured

currency
cycle

currencies
cycled, cycles, cyclic, cyclical, cycling

data
debate
decade
decline
deduce

debatable, debated, debates, debating

decades
declined, declines, declining
deduced, deduces, deducing, deduction , deductions

couple
create

musteri
temas, baglanti
cagdas
baglam
sozlesme
aykirilik, celiski
karsit
karsitlik
katki
tartisma, cekisme
toplanti, kongre

tersine
donmek
dogrulugu kesin; ikna
etmek
isbirligi yapan

when people and things are organised so they birliktelik saglamak

work together effectively

the central or most important part of something oz, cekirdek

shared by all the people in a group
having the same position, effect or importance
as something else
join two things together
make something new exist or happen

ortak
uygun gelmek,
karsilamak, tekabul
cift
yaratmak

payment made into a bank account

facts or standards to help you decide
something
extremely important
relating to a particular society and its way of life

kredi
kriterler
can alici, cok onemli
kulturel

define

definable, defined, defines, defining, definition , definitions,

redefine, redefined, redefines, redefining, undefined

the type of money that a country uses

a number of connected events that happen
many times in the same order
information or facts
discuss a subject formally
a period of ten years
become weaker, smaller or less important
decide that something is true using the
information that you have
a phrase or sentence that says exactly what a
word, phrase or idea means

para birimi
devir, donus

definite

definitely, definitive, indefinite, indefinitely

completely certain and not likely to be changed kesin

demonstrate

demonstrable, demonstrably, demonstrated, demonstrates,

show somebody something
demonstrating, demonstration, demonstrations,
demonstrative, demonstratively, demonstrator, demonstrators

gostermek

denote
deny

denotation, denotations, denoted, denotes, denoting

be used as a sign for something
deniable, denial, denials, denied, denies, denying, undeniable say that something is not true

isareti olmak
inkar etmek

veri
tartisma
10 yil
azalma; dusus
sonuc cikarmak
tanim

AcademicWordList

depress
derive
design
despite
detect

depressed, depresses, depressing, depression

derivation, derivations, derivative, derivatives, derived ,
derives, deriving
designed, designer, designers, designing, designs

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a feeling of sadness and loss of hope
have something as its origin

cokuntu
turemis

draw or plan something that will be made

without being affected by the thing mentioned

dizayn
e ragmen

noticed something that was not easy to see

saptanan

deviate

detectable, detected , detecting, detection, detective,

detectives, detector, detectors, detects
deviated, deviates, deviating, deviation , deviations

difference from what is normal or acceptable

sapma

device

devices

a machine or tool used for a particular purpose alet, arac

devote

devoted, devotedly, devotes, devoting, devotion, devotions

deals with one main subject or activity

differentiate

differentiated, differentiates, differentiating, differentiation

vakfedilmis

diminish

notice or understand the difference between

things or people
dimensional, dimensions, multidimensional
the size of something, including its length,
width and height
diminished, diminishes, diminishing, diminution, undiminished became smaller or less important

azaltmak

discrete

discretely, discretion, discretionary, indiscrete, indiscretion

sagduyu, takdir yetkisi

discriminate

discriminated, discriminates, discriminating, discrimination

displace
display

displaced, displacement , displaces, displacing

displayed, displaying, displays

dispose
distinct

disposable, disposal, disposed, disposes, disposing

distinction, distinctions, distinctive, distinctively, distinctly,
indistinct, indistinctly
distorted, distorting, distortion, distortions, distorts

dimension

distort
distribute

diverse

yerini almak
gosterme, sergileme

when you get rid of something

a clear difference between things

elden cikarmak
ayri, farkli

change the shape or sound of something so it

is stange or unclear
distributed, distributing, distribution, distributional,
supplying goods to shops and companies in a
distributions, distributive, distributor, distributors, redistribute, particular area
redistributed, redistributes, redistributing, redistribution

belge

domestic

domestically, domesticate, domesticated, domesticating,

domestics
dominance, dominant , dominated, dominates, dominating,
strongest, most important or most noticeable
domination
drafted, drafting, drafts, redraft, redrafted, redrafting, redrafts a pice of writing or a plan that is not yet
finished
dramas, dramatic , dramatically, dramatise, dramatised,
sudden and surprising
dramatising, dramatises, dramatisation, dramatisations,
dramatist, dramatists, dramatization, dramatizations,
dramatizing
the length of time that something continues
dynamically, dynamics
full of energy and ideas
economic, economical, economically, economics, economies, concerning trade, industry and the making of
economist, economists, uneconomical
money
edited, editing, edition, editions, editor, editorial, editorials,
the copies of a book that are all the same
editors, edits
elements
a simple chemical susbstance that contains
only one kind of atom
eliminated, eliminates, eliminating, elimination
completely get rid of something or someone

edit
element
eliminate
emerge
emphasis
empirical

emerged, emergence, emergent, emerges, emerging

emphasise, emphasised, emphasising, emphatic,
emphatically
empirically, empiricism

enable

enabled, enables, enabling

encounter

encountered, encountering, encounters

dagitim

a piece of paper that has official information

written on it
all the things that are included in a subject or
activity
happening within one country

domains

duration
dynamic
economy

bicimini bozmak

cesitlilik, farklilik

domain

drama

ayrim

great difference

document

draft

boyutlar

the authority to decide what the right thing to

do is in a particluar situation
when one group of people is unfairly treated
differently froma another
take the place of someone or something
put things where people can see them easily

diversely, diversification, diversified, diversifies, diversify,

diversifying, diversity
documentation, documented, documenting, documents

dominate

ayrim

became known
special importance that you give to something

alan, ilgi alani

yurtici
baskin
taslak
carpici

sure, sureklilik
dinamik, canli
ekonomi
basim
element
elemek, gidermek, saf
disi etmek
acik secik, belli
vurgu, onem

based on scientific method or practical

deneysel, empirik,
experience
deneye dayali
make it possible for someone to do something mumkun kilmak, imkan
vermek
experience something that causes difficulty
zorlukla karsilasmak,
yuz yuze gelmek

AcademicWordList

energy

energetic, energetically, energies

enforce

enforced, enforcement, enforces, enforcing

enhance
enormous
ensure

enhanced, enhancement, enhances, enhancing

enormity, enormously
ensured, ensures, ensuring

entity

entities

environment
equate

environmental, environmentalist, environmentalists,

environmentally, environments
equated, equates, equating, equation , equations

equip
equivalent
erode
error

equipment, equipped, equipping, equips

equivalence
eroded, erodes, eroding, erosion
erroneous, erroneously, errors

establish

disestablish, disestablished, disestablishes, disestablishing,

disestablishment, established , establishes, establishing,
establishment, establishments
estates
estimated, estimates, estimating, estimation, estimations,
over-estimate, overestimate, overestimated, overestimates,
overestimating, underestimate, underestimated,
underestimates, underestimating
ethical, ethically, ethics, unethical

estate
estimate

ethic
ethnic
evaluate

eventual
evident
evolve
exceed
exclude
exhibit
expand

ethnicity
evaluated, evaluates, evaluating, evaluation, evaluations,
evaluative, re-evaluate, re-evaluated, re-evaluates, reevaluating, re-evaluation
eventuality, eventually
evidenced, evidence , evidential, evidently
evolution, evolved, evolving, evolves, evolutionary,
evolutionist, evolutionists
exceeded, exceeding, exceeds
excluded, excludes, excluding, exclusion, exclusionary,
exclusionist, exclusions, exclusive, exclusively
exhibited, exhibiting, exhibition, exhibitions, exhibits

expert
explicit
exploit

expanded, expanding, expands, expansion, expansionism,

expansive
expertise, expertly, experts
explicitly
exploitation, exploited, exploiting, exploits

export

exported, exporter, exporters, exporting, exports

expose

exposed, exposes, exposing, exposure, exposures

external

factor

externalisation, externalise, externalised, externalises,

externalising, externality
facilitated, facilitates, facilities, facilitating, facilitation,
facilitator, facilitators, facility
factored, factoring, factors

feature

featured, features, featuring

federal

federation, federations

fee

fees

file

filed, files, filing

final

finalise, finalised, finalises, finalising, finality, finally, finals

facilitate

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power from oil, coal etc. that produces heat
and makes machines work
make people obey a rule or a law

enerji

start or decide something

kurmak

uygulamak, zorla
yaptirmak
improve something
gelistirmek
extremely big
kocaman, cok buyuk
make certain that something happens
saglamak,
kesinlestirmek
something that exists as a single and complete varlik, tek ve bagimsiz
unit
varlik
the land, water and air that people, plants and cevre
animals live in
consider that one thing is the same as
esit saymak
something else
things that are used for a particular activity
malzeme, techizat
equal in amount or value to something else
esdeger, denk
gradually destroy something
asindirmak
mistake, especially on that causes problems
hata

all of someone's property and money

mal mulk
decide what you think the value of something is tahmin etmek

connected with principles of what is right and

wrong
relating to a particular race of people
carefully consider something or someone to
decide how good they are

etik
etnik
degerlendirmek, derger
vermek, deger bicmek

after a long time

sonunda, nihayet
facts, statements or signs that make you belive delil, kanit
something exists or is true
gradual change and development
evrim
more than a particular number or amount

fazla, gecmek, asmak

deliberately not include something

dislamak

put something in a public place so that people

can see it
when something increases in size, number or
amount
someone with special skills or knowledge
very clear and easy to understand
use something effectively

gostermek, sergilemek
genisleme, artma,
buyume
uzman
net, acik, kesin, belli
kullanmak, somurmek

the business of selling products to another

country
remove the cover from something that is
usually covered
relating to the outside of something

dis, harici

make it easier for something to happen

kolaylastirmak

the things that influence or cause a situation

sebep, etken, faktor

important interesting or typical parts of

something
relating to the national government of a country
which consists of several states
money that you pay for professional services

ozellik, onemli bi rolu

bulunmak
federal, bilesik

a set of papers containing information about a

particluar person or thing
last in a series or happening at the end of
something

ihrac etmek
aciga cikarmak

ucret, harc
dosya
final, son

AcademicWordList

finance
finite
flexible
fluctuate
focus
format
formula

financed, finances, financial , financially, financier, financiers,

financing
infinite, infinitely
flexibility, inflexible, inflexibility
fluctuated, fluctuates, fluctuating, fluctuation, fluctuations

maliye, finanse etmek

having an end or a limit

able to change easily
small regular changes

sonlu, sinirli
esnek
dalgali

focused, focuses, focusing, refocus, refocused, refocuses,

refocusing
formatted, formatting, formats

give all your attention to a particular thing

odaklanmak, odak

the way something is organised or designed

bicim

formulae, formulas, formulate, formulated, formulating,

formulation, formulations, reformulate, reformulated,
reformulating, reformulation, reformulations

a group of numbers or letter that show a

mathematical or scientific rule

formul

forthcoming
found
foundation

founded, founder, founders, founding, unfounded

foundations

framework

frameworks

function

functional, functionally, functioned, functioning, functions

fund

funded, funder, funders, funding, funds

fundamental

fundamentally

furthermore
gender
generate
generation

genders
generated, generates, generating
generations

globe
goal

global, globally, globalisation, globalization

goals

grade
grant

graded, grades, grading

granted, granting, grants

guarantee

guaranteed, guaranteeing, guarantees

guideline

guidelines

hence
hierarchy

hierarchical, hierarchies

highlight

highlighted, highlighting, highlights

hypothesis

hypotheses, hypothesise, hypothesised, hypothesises,

hypothesising, hypothetical, hypothetically

identical
identify

identically
identifiable, identification, identified , identifies, identifying,
identities, identity, unidentifiable
ideological, ideologically, ideologies
ignorance, ignore, ignored, ignores, ignoring

ideology
ignorant

7of16
connected with money

happening soon
yakinda cikacak olan
start an organisation
kurmak, temel atmak
basic belief or idea that something is based on temel, esas, vakif
set of rule, facts or beliefs that people use to
make plans or decisions
the purpose that something is made for

taslak, iskelet
islev, gorev, fonksiyon

an amount of money that is kept for a particular sermaye, fon

purpose
relating to the most basic and important parts temel, asil
of something
in addition to what has already been said
ayrica, bundan baska,
ustelik
the fact of being masculine or feminine
cinsiyet, cins
make something happen or start or exist
uretmek
all of the people who are about the same age nesil
the world
something that you hope to achieve in the
future
level of quality of importance
an amount of money given to someone by an
organisation for a particular purpose
promise that something will happen or will be
done
official advice about the way to do something

dunya
hedef, amac

for this reason

bu nedenle, bu yuzden

organisation in which people are arranged in

ranks of importance
make something the main subject or problem
that people pay attention to
an idea that someone suggests as an
explanation of something, but that they have
nor proved to be true
exactly the same
recognise and name somebody or something

hiyerarsik

derecelendirmek
burs, bagis, hibe
garanti etmek
yonerge, kilavuz

vurgulamak, altini
cizmek
varsayim, faraziye,
hipotez
ozdes, ayni
tanimlamak

impact
implement

based on a particular set of words or ideas

did not pay any attention to someone or
something
illustrated, illustrates, illustrating, illustration, illustrations,
explained or made something clear by giving
illustrative
examples
imagery, images
the way that people consider someone or
something to be
immigrant, immigrants, immigrated, immigrates, immigrating, when people come to a country in order to live
immigration
there
impacted, impacting, impacts
the effect someone or something has
implementation, implemented, implementing, implements
begin to make something happen

implicate

implicated, implicates, implicating, implication, implications

possible results of a plan, action etc

implicit

implicitly

suggested or understood but not stated directly ima edilen

imply

implied, implies , implying

suggest that something is true without saying

or showing it directly

illustrate
image
immigrate

ideoloji
gormezden gelmek;
cahil, bilgisiz
aciklamak, orneklemek
hayal, imge
goc
vurus, etki, carpma
gerceklestirmek, yerine
getirmek
muhtemel sonuclar

ima etmek

AcademicWordList

8of16

impose

imposed, imposes, imposing, imposition

incentive

incentives

incidence
incline
income
incorporate

incident, incidentally, incidents

inclination, inclinations,inclined, inclines, inclining
incomes
incorporated, incorporates, incorporating, incorporation

index

indexed, indexes, indexing

indicate

induce
inevitable

indicated, indicates, indicating, indication, indications,

indicative, indicator, indicators
individualised, individuality, individualism, individualist,
individualists, individualistic, individually, individuals
induced, induces, inducing, induction
inevitability, inevitably

show that something is likely to be true or

exists
considered separately from other people or
things in the same group
caused a particular physical condition
will definitely happen and you cannot avoid it

infer

inference, inferences, inferred, inferring, infers

infrastructure

infrastructures

inherent

inherently

decide that particular facts must be true

because of other information that you already
have
the basic systems that a country or
organisation needs in order to work properly
a quality that is naturally part of something

inhibit

inhibited, inhibiting, inhibition, inhibitions, inhibits

initial
initiate

initially
initiated, initiates, initiating, initiation, initiations, initiative,
initiatives , initiator, initiators
injured, injures, injuries, injuring, injury , uninjured

individual

injure
innovate
input

innovation, innovated, innovates, innovating, innovations,

innovative, innovator, innovators
inputs

insert
insight
inspect

inserted, inserting, insertion, inserts

insightful, insights
inspected, inspecting, inspection, inspections, inspector,
inspectors, inspects

instance

instances

institute

instituted, institutes, instituting, institution, institutional,

institutionalise, institutionalised, institutionalises,
institutionalising, institutionally, institutions
instruction, instructed, instructing, instructions, instructive,
instructor, instructors, instructs

instruct
integral
integrate
integrity
intelligent
intense

interact
intermediate
internal

force people to accept a rule, a tax, your

beliefs etc
something that encourages you to work harder,
or to start something new
how often something happens
the desire to do something
money that you earn
to include something as part of a group,
system etc.
an alphabetical list at the end of a book that
contains all the names, subjects etc in the
book and the pages where you can find them

zorla kabul ettirmek,

empoze etmek
tesvik edici, ozendirici
olma sikligi
egilim
kazanc
icine almak, birlesmek
indeks

gostermek, isaret
etmek
ferdi, bireysel, hususi
sebep olma
kacinilmaz sekilde
cikarim yapmak,
sonuca varmak, sonuc
cikarmak
altyapi
icsel, dogal, ozgu, asil

prevent something from growing or developing ket vurmak,

engellemek
happening at the beginning, first
ilk, baslangic, onceki
arrange for something important to start
baslatmak, girismek
physical harm that someone suffers in an
hasar, yaralanma
accident or an attack
a new idea, method, etc. that is used for the
yenilik, degisiklik
first time
ideas, advice, money or effort that you put into girdi, katma
a job, meeting etc. in order to help it succeed
put something inside or into something
the ability to understand something clearly
an official visit to a building or organisation to
check that everything is of a good enough
standard
an example of a particular kind of situation or
behaviour
an organisation that does educational or
scientific work

yerlestirmek
anlayis, kavrama
muayene, inceleme,
gozetim, denetim,
inceleme
ornek

information or advice that tells you how to do

something
forming a necessary part of something

talimat, yonerge

enstitu

parcalardan olusan,
butunun parcasi
integrated, integrates, integrating, integration
the combination of two or more things to make birlestirmek, entegre
an effective system
etmek
the quality of being honest and having high
durustluk, butunluk
moral standards
intelligence, intelligently, unintelligent
good at learning and understanding things
akilli, anlayisli
intensely, intenseness, intensification, intensified, intensifies, involving a lot of thought, work, effort, etc. in a yogunluk
intensify, intensifying, intension, intensity , intensive,
short period of time
intensively
interacted, interacting, interaction , interactions, interactive,
talking to people and making relationships with etkilesim
interactively, interacts
them
between two stages
arada, orta
internalise, internalised, internalises, internalising, internally inside something, such as your body or a
ic, dahili
country

AcademicWordList

9of16

interpret

interpretation, interpretations, interpretative, interpreted,

interpreting, interpretive, interprets, misinterpret,
misinterpretation, misinterpretations, misinterpreted,
misinterpreting, misinterprets, reinterpret, reinterpreted,
reinterprets, reinterpreting, reinterpretation, reinterpretations

a way of explaining or understanding

information, someone's actions etc.

yorumlamak

interval

intervals

aralik, zaman

intervene

intervened, intervenes, intervening, intervention,

interventions
intrinsically

a period of time between two events or

activities
do something to try to stop an argument,
problem, war etc
forming part of the basic character of
something
the money that you give to a company or a
bank in order to make a profit later

intrinsic
invest

investigate

invested, investing, investment , investments, investor,

investors, invests, reinvest, reinvested, reinvesting,
reinvestment, reinvests
investigated, investigates, investigating, investigation ,
investigations, investigative, investigator, investigators

invoke

invoked, invokes, invoking

involve
isolate

involved, involvement, involves, involving, uninvolved

isolated, isolates, isolating, isolation, isolationism

issue
item

issued, issues , issuing

itemisation, itemise, itemised, itemises, itemising, items

job

jobs

journal

journals

justify
label

justifiable, justifiably, justification , justifications, justified,

justifies, justifying, unjustified
labelled, labelling, labels

labour
layer

laboured, labouring, labours

layered, layering, layers

lecture
legal
legislate

lectured, lecturer, lecturers, lectures, lecturing

illegal, illegality, illegally, legality, legally
legislated, legislates, legislating, legislation , legislative,
legislator, legislators, legislature
levies
liberalise, liberalism, liberalisation, liberalised, liberalises,
liberalising, liberalization, liberate, liberated, liberates,
liberation, liberations, liberating, liberator, liberators, liberally,
liberals
licences, license, licensed, licensing, licenses, unlicensed

levy
liberal

licence
likewise
link

linkage, linkages, linked, linking, links

locate
logic

located, locating, location , locations, relocate, relocated,

relocates, relocating, relocation
illogical, illogically, logical, logically, logician, logicians

maintain

maintained, maintaining, maintains, maintenance

major

majorities, majority

manipulate
manual

manipulated, manipulates, manipulating, manipulation,

manipulations, manipulative
manually, manuals

margin

marginal, marginally, margins

mature

immature, immaturity, maturation, maturational, matured,

matures, maturing, maturity
max, maximised, maximises, maximising, maximisation,
maximum

maximise

araya girmek,
mudahele etmek
yerlesik
yatirim

an official attempt to find out about something

teftis, inceleme,
arastirma, sorusturma

use a law, principle etc to support your

opinions or actions
include or affect someone or something
make or keep one person or thing separate
from others
a subject or problem
a single thing in a set

basvurmak

work that you do regularly in order to earn

money
a magazine for people who are interested in a
particular subject
a good reason for doing something
a piece of paper or other material with
information on it which is stuck or tied to a
object
work, especially hard physical work
one of several levels of different substances or
materials that are on top of each other
a talk to a group of people about a subject
allowed or done according to the law
a law or set of laws

icap ettirmek
izole etmek, yalitmak
konu, mesele
oge, parca, adet
is
dergi
gerekce
etiket

is, isgucu
katman, tabaka

konferans, ders
yasal
mevzuat, yasama,
yasalar
officially make someone pay a tax etc.
vergi toplama
willing to understand or respect other people's liberal, ozgurlukcu
behaviour and ideas

an official document that gives you permission lisans

to do something
in the same way
aynen, keza, ayni
sekilde
a relationship or connection between two or
baglanti, zincir
more events, people or ideas
a particular place or position
yer
the science or study of thinking carefully about
something using formal methods
make something continue in the same way or
at the same standard as before
very large or important, expecially when
compared to other things or people of a similar
kind
skilfully control or move something

mantik

fully grown or developed

olgun, ergin

increase something as much as possible

buyutmek

bakim
onemli, ana, buyuk

yonetmek, hareket
ettirmek
working using your hand, especially doing hard elle calisan
physical work
the empty space at the edge of a printed page kenar boslugu

AcademicWordList

mechanism

mechanisms

media
mediate

mediated, mediates, mediating, mediation

medical

medically

medium
mental

mentality, mentally

method

methodical, methodological, methodologies, methodology,

methods
migrant, migrants, migrated, migrates, migrating, migration,
migrations, migratory

migrate
military
minimal

minimise

minimalisation, minimalise, minimalises, minimalised,

minimalising, minimalist, minimalists, minimalistic, minimally
minimised, minimises, minimising

minimum
ministry
minor
mode

ministered, ministering, ministerial, ministries

minorities, minority, minors
modes

modify

modification, modifications, modified, modifies, modifying,

unmodified
monitored, monitoring, monitors, unmonitored

monitor
motive
mutual
negate

motivate, motivated, motivates, motivating, motivation,

motivations, motives, unmotivated
mutually
negative, negated, negates, negating, negatively, negatives

network

networked, networking, networks

neutral

neutralisation, neutralise, neutralised, neutralises,

neutralising, neutrality

10of16
the part of a machine that does a particular job mekanizma
television, radio and newspapers
try to help two groups, countries etc. stop
arguing and make an agreement
relating to medicine and the treatment of
disease or injury
way of communicating information or
expressing ideas to people
relating to the mind, or happening in the mind

medya
arabulmak

zihinsel

a way of doing something

metod

tibbi
ortam

go to live in another place, usually to find work goc etmek, gecirmek

relating to war
extremely small in amount or degree and
therefore not worth worrying about

askeri
asgari

make the degree or amount of something as

small as possible
the smallest number or amount that is possible
or needed
government department
small and not very important or serious
a particular way of behaving, living or doing
something
make small changes in something in order to
improve it
watch or measure something carefully for a
period of time to see how it changes
the reason why someone does something

indirmek, azaltmak
asgari
bakanlik
kucuk, onemsiz
mod, ruh hali
modifiye etmek
izlemek, gozlemek
motivasyon

shared by two or more people

having a bad or harmful effect

karsilikli
olumsuz
ag

nevertheless

a system of things or people that are

connected with each other
not supporting any of the groups, people,
countries in a war, argument, election, etc.
in spite of what has just been mentioned

bunula birlikte, yine de

nonetheless

in spite of what has just been mentioned

bunula birlikte, yine de

norm
normal
notion
notwithstanding

norms
the usual and acceptable way of behaving
abnormal, abnormally, normalisation, normalise, normalised, usual, typical or expected
normalises, normalising, normality, normally
notions
an idea, belief or opinion about something,
especially one that is wrong
in spite of something

nuclear

notr, bitaraf

norm
normal
dusunce, fikir, inanc
e ragmen, her ne
kadar, gerci
nukler

objective

objectively, objectivity

using the energy that is produced when at

atom is split or joined to another atom
not influenced by your own feelings or opinions nesnel

obtain

obtainable, obtained , obtaining, obtains, unobtainable

get something

elde etmek, kazanmak

obvious
occupy

easy to notice or understand

connected with your job

acik, anlasilir
mesguliyet

happen, especially without being planned first

odd

obviously
occupancy, occupant, occupants, occupation,occupational,
occupations, occupied, occupier, occupiers, occupies,
occupying
occurred, occurrence, occurrences, occurring, occurs,
reoccur, reoccurred, reoccurring, reoccurs
odds

olmak, meydana
gelmek
garip, tek

offset

offsets, offsetting

occur

ongoing
option
orient

optional, options
orientate, orientated, orientates, orientation, orientating,
oriented, orienting, orients, reorient, reorientation

how likely it is that something will or will not

happen
make a bad situation better by providing
something good
continuing to happen
something that you can choose to do
the kind of beliefs and ideas that a group or
person has

dengelemek,
iyilestirmek
devam eden
secenek
yonelim

AcademicWordList

outcome
output

the final results of a meeting, process etc.

the amount of work, goods, etc. that someone
or something produces
considering or including everything

overlapped, overlapping, overlaps

when part of one thing covers part of another

thing
to, in, or from another country that is across the
sea
a group of people who are chosen to discuss
something or answer questions
a typical example or pattern of something
a group of sentences in a piece of writing that
starts on a new line
lines that are the same distance apart along
their whole length
limit on how much should be considered,
discussed, included etc.
taking part in an activity or an event

overall
overlap

11of16

outcomes
outputs

overseas
panel

panelled, panelling, panels

paradigm
paragraph

paradigms
paragraphing, paragraphs

parallel

paralleled, parallels, unparalleled

parameter

parameters

participate
partner

participant, participants, participated, participates,

participating, participation , participatory
partners, partnership , partnerships

passive

passively, passivity

perceive

perceived, perceives, perceiving, perception, perceptions

percent
period
persist
perspective
phase

percentage, percentages
periodic, periodical, periodically, periodicals, periods
persisted, persistence, persistent , persistently, persisting,
persists
perspectives
phased, phases, phasing

phenomenon

phenomena, phenomenal

philosophy

physical

philosopher, philosophers, philosophical, philosophically,

philosophies, philosophise, philosophised, philosophises,
philosophising
physically

plus

pluses

policy

policies

portion
pose
positive
potential

portions
posed, poses, posing
positively
potentially

practitioner
precede

practitioners
preceded, precedence, precedent, precedes, preceding,
unprecedented
imprecise, precisely, precision
predictability, predictable, predictably, predicted , predicting,
prediction, predictions, predicts, unpredictability,
unpredictable
predominance, predominantly , predominate, predominated,
predominates, predominating
preliminaries

a relationship between two people or

organisations who work together to achieve
something
tending to accept situations or things that other
people do, without trying to change or influence
them
understand or think about something in a
particular way
one part in every hundred
a length of time
continue to do something, even though it is
difficult or other people do not like it
a way of thinking about something
one part of a process in which something
develops or grows
something that happens or exists, especially
something that is unusual or difficult to
understand
the study of ideas about existence, thought and
beahiour
relating to someone's body, rather than their
mind
used when one number or amount is added to
another
a way of doing or dealing with things,
especially one that has been officially decided
by a political party or organisation
a part of something
cause a problem or ask a question
hopeful and confident
the possibility that something will happen or
develop in a particular way
someone who works as a doctor or lawyer
happen or exist before something else

sonuc
cikis, hasilat, verim,
uretim
kapsayici, genelde,
ayrintili
ust uste bindirmek
denizasiri
panel
ornek, numune
paragraf
paralel
parametre
katilmak
partner, is ortagi

pasif

anlamak, idrak etmek

yuzde
period
israr etmek, ayak
diremek
baksi acisi
evre, faz
fenomen

felsefe

fiziksel
arti
police

parca, porsiyon
sorun yaratmak
pozitif, umit verici
potansiyel

exact and correct in every detail

say that something will happen

pratisyen
onde gelmek, once
olmak
titiz
ongormek

mostly or mainly

genelde, cogu
hazirlayici, oncu

previous
primary

presumably, presumed, presumes, presuming, presumption,

presumptions, presumptuous
previously
primarily

happening or done at the beginning of a

process, especially in order to prepare for what
will come later
think that something is true, although you are
not certain
happening or existing at an earlier time
most important, main

prime

primacy

main or most important

precise
predict

predominant
preliminary

presume

sanmak
onceki
birincil, baslica, en
onemli
ilk, asil

AcademicWordList

principal
principle
prior
priority

principally
principled, principles, unprincipled

process

priorities, prioritisation, prioritise, prioritised, prioritises,

prioritising
procedural, procedure, procedures, proceeded, proceeding,
proceedings, proceeds
processed, processes, processing

professional

professionally, professionals, professionalism

prohibit

prohibited, prohibiting, prohibition, prohibitions, prohibitive,

prohibits
projected, projecting, projection, projections, projects

proceed

project
promote

prospect

promoted, promoter, promoters, promotes, promoting,

promotion, promotions
disproportion, disproportionate, disproportionately,
proportional, proportionally, proportionate, proportionately,
proportions
prospective, prospects

protocol

protocols

psychology

psychological, psychologically, psychologist, psychologists

publication

publications

publish
purchase

published, publisher, publishers, publishes, publishing,

unpublished
purchased, purchaser, purchasers, purchases, purchasing

pursue

pursued, pursues, pursuing, pursuit, pursuits

proportion

qualitative
quote
radical
random
range
ratio
rational

react

12of16
most important, main
a moral rule or idea that has a strong influence
on the way you behave
before
the thing that you think is most important and
should be dealt with first
continue to do something that has already
started
a series of events or changes that happen
naturally
a job that needs special education and training
have a law or rule that stops people doing
things
important work that is planned and organised
carefully over a period of time
help something develop and be successful
a part of a larger amount or number

bas, ana, baslica

prensip
once
oncelik
devam etmek,
ilerlemek
islem, surec
profesyonel
yasaklamak
proje
yukseltmek, terfi
ettirmek
miktar, kisim, pay

ihtimal, olasilik

the chance that something you hope for will

happen soon
system of rules about correct way to behave on
official occasions
the scientific study of the mind and how it
works
a book, magazine etc. that is printed and made
available for people to buy
printed and made available for people to buy

yayim

when someone buys something

alim, alis

continue doing something, or try to achive

something over a long period of time
qualitatively
relating to the quality of something, rather than
its size
quotation, quotations, quoted, quotes, quoting
words from a book etc. that are repeated by
someone else
radically, radicals
big changes that have important effects
randomly, randomness
happening or chosen without any definite plan
or system
ranged, ranges, ranging
a group of things that are different, but belong
to the same general type
ratios
a relationship between two amounts: written as
two numbers
irrational, rationalisation, rationalisations, rationalise,
based on real facts or scientific knowledge,
rationalised, rationalises, rationalising, rationalism, rationality, and not influenced by feelings
rationally
reacted, reacts, reacting, reaction , reactionaries, reactionary, something that you feel or do because of what
reactions, reactive, reactivate, reactivation, reactor, reactors has happened to you or been said to you

protokol
psikoloji
yayin

pesini birakmamak,
takipcisi olmak
nitelik olarak
alinti
radikal
rastgele
erim, sira, silsile
oran
rasyonel, gercekci

tepki

recover

recoverable, recovered, recovering, recovers, recovery

get better after an illness, injury, shock etc.

kurtarmak, iyilestirmek

refine

refined, refinement, refinements, refines, refining

rafine etmek

regime

regimes

region

regional, regionally, regions

register

deregister, deregistered, deregistering, deregisters,

deregistration, registered, registering, registers, registration

use an industrial process to make a natural

substance more pure
a system of government ot management,
especially one you disaprove of
a fairly large area within a state, country etc.,
usually without exact limits
record names, facts etc. on an official list

regulate

reject

deregulated, deregulates, deregulating, deregulation,

regulated, regulates, regulating, regulation,regulations,
regulator, regulators, regulatory, unregulated
reinforced, reinforcement, reinforcements, reinforces,
reinforcing
rejected, rejecting, rejection, rejects, rejections

relax

relaxation, relaxed , relaxes, relaxing

reinforce

rejim
bolge
kaydetmek

control an activity or process, especially by

having rules

ayarlamak

support an opinion, feeling, system etc. and

make it stronger
refuse to accept, beleive in or agree with
something
feeling calm and comfortable and not worried
about anything

takviye etmek,
desteklemek
geri cevirmek,
reddetmek
rahat

AcademicWordList

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release

released, releases, releasing

relevant

irrelevance, irrelevant, relevance

reluctance

reluctant, reluctantly

rely

reliability, reliable, reliably, reliance , reliant, relied, relies,

trust or depend on someone or something
relying, unreliable
removable, removal, removals, removed , removes, removing take something away

guvenmek

required, requirement, requirements, requires, requiring

researched, researcher, researchers, researches,
researching
resided, residence, resident , residential, residents, resides,
residing
resolution, resolved, resolves, resolving, unresolved

ihtiyac duymak
arastirmak

remove
require
research
reside
resolve
resource
respond

restore
restrain
restrict
retain
reveal
revenue

reverse

let someone go free after keeping them as a

serbest birakmak
prisoner
directly related to the problem or subject being ilgili
discusssed
unwilling and therefore slow to do something
gonulsuzluk, isteksizlik

need something
study a subject in detail so you can discover
new facts about it
live somewhere

rigid
role

roles

route
scenario

routed, routes, routing

scenarios

schedule

reschedule, rescheduled, reschedules, rescheduling,

scheduled, schedules, scheduling, unscheduled
schematic, schematically, schemed, schemes, scheming

revolution

scheme

scope
section
sector
secure
seek
select
sequence
series
sex

oturmak, ikamet etmek

strong determination to succeed in doing

kararlilik
something
resourced, resourceful, resources , resourcing, unresourceful, something that a country, organisation, person kaynak
under-resourced
etc. has which they can use
responded, respondent, respondents, responding, responds, behave in a particular way after someone has cevap, yanit, tepki
response , responses, responsive, responsiveness,
done something or something has happened
unresponsive
restoration, restored, restores, restoring
repair something so that it is its original
restore, geri yukleme
condition
restrained, restraining, restrains, restraint, restraints ,
prevent someone from doing something
tutmak, zabtetmek
unrestrained
restricted, restricting, restriction, restrictions, restrictive,
limit something
sinirlandirmak
restrictively, restricts, unrestricted, unrestrictive
retained, retaining, retainer, retainers, retains, retention,
keep something and not lose it
tutmak, korumak,
retentive
alikoymak
revealed, revealing, reveals, revelation, revelations
make something known that was previously
ortaya cikarmak
secret or not known
revenues
money that is earned by a company or money gelir, devlet gelirleri
that the govenrnment receives from tax
reversal, reversed, reverses, reversible, reversing, reversals, change something, such as a decision or way
irreversible
of doing something, so that it is the opposite of
what it was before
revised, revises, revising, revision , revisions
change something to improve it or make it
more suitable
revolutionary, revolutionaries, revolutionise, revolutionised,
a complete change in the way people do
revolutionises, revolutionising, revolutionist, revolutionists,
something, or in the ideas that people have
revolutions
about a subject
rigidities, rigidity, rigidly
stiff and not moving or bending

revise

cikarmak, kaldirmak

tersine cevirmek

gozden gecirmek
devrim, ihtilal

kati, sert, egilmez,

bukulmez
the position that someone or something has in rol
a situation or activity
the way from one place to another
yol, rota
a situation that could happen but has not
senaryo
happened yet
a plan of when work is to be done
takvim

an idea or plan that someone has, especially a plan, profe

slightly dishonest or stupid one

the range of subjects that a book, discussion

etc. deals with
sectioned, sectioning, sections
one of the parts that an object, group, place
etc. is divided into
sectors
one of the parts that an area or large group of
people is divided into
insecure, insecurities, insecurity, secured, securely, secures, not likely to change or become a risk
securing, securities, security
seeking, seeks, sought
try to find or get something
selected, selecting, selection, selections, selective,
choose something or someone
selectively, selector, selectors, selects
sequenced, sequences, sequencing, sequential, sequentially a series of events or actions that have a
particular order
several events or actions of the same kind that
happen one after the other
sexes, sexism, sexual, sexuality, sexually
whether someone is male or female

alan, konu, saha

bolum, parca, kisim
kesim, sektor, bolum
guvence altina almak,
saglam
aramak
secmek
ardisiklik
dizi
cinsiyet, cins

AcademicWordList

shift

shifted, shifting, shifts

significant

insignificant, insignificantly, significance, significantly,

signified, signifies, signify, signifying
dissimilar, similarities, similarity, similarly
simulated, simulates, simulating, simulation

similar
simulate
site
so-called
sole
somewhat
source
specific
specify
sphere
stable
statistic

14of16
a change in the way most people think about
something
noticeable or important

almost the same, but not exactly

something you do in order to practise what you
would do in a real situation
sites
a place where something important or
interesting happens
used to show that you think the word used to
describe something is wrong
solely
the only one
more than a little but not very
sourced, sources, sourcing
the thing, place, or person that you get
something from
specifically, specification, specifications, specificity, specifics used to talk about a particular thing, person,
time etc.
specifiable, specified, specifies, specifying, unspecified
state something in an exact and detailed way

spheres, spherical, spherically

instability, stabilisation, stabilise, stabilised, stabilises,
stabilising, stability, unstable
statistician, statisticians, statistical, statistically, statistics

status

degisiklik
kayda deger, muhim
benzer
simulasyon
mevzi
sozde, sozum ona
tek
oldukca, biraz
kaynak
belirli, ozel
belrtmek

the shape of a ball

strong and not likely to move or change

kure
sabit

a set of numbers that have been collected to

show information about something
the position that someone or something has
compared to other people or things
simple to do or easy to understand
a set of plans used to achieve something or to
help you be successful
continuous feelings of worry about your work or
personal life that prevent you from relaxing

istatistik
durum, statu

straightforward
strategy

strategic, strategies , strategically, strategist, strategists

stress

stressed, stresses, stressful, stressing, unstressed

structure

restructure, restructured, restructures, restructuring,

structural, structurally, structured, structures, structuring,
unstructured
styled, styles, styling, stylish, stylise, stylised, stylises,
stylising

the way in which the parts of something are

organised and are related to each other

bunye, yapi

a way of doing or making something that is

typical of a particular person, group or period

moda, tertip duzeni

submit

submission, submissions, submits, submitted, submitting

arz, sunulmus

subordinate

subordinates, subordination

subsequent
subsidy

subsequently
subsidiary, subsidies, subsidise, subsidised, subsidises,
subsidising
substituted, substitutes, substituting, substitution

formally send something to someone in writing

for them to consider
someone who has a less important job than
someone else in an organisation
coming after something else
money that a government or organisation pays
to help with the cost of something
someone who does someone else's job for a
short time
the person who has someone's job after they
leave
as much as you need for a particular purpose

style

substitute
successor
sufficient
sum
summary

succession, successions, successive, successively,

successors
sufficiency, insufficient, insufficiently, sufficiently

supplement

summation, summed, summing, sums

summaries, summarise, summarised, summarises,
summarising, summarisation, summarisations
supplementary, supplemented, supplementing, supplements

survey

surveyed, surveying, surveys

survive

survival, survived, survives, surviving, survivor, survivors

suspend

suspended, suspending, suspends, suspension

sustain

tape

sustainable, sustainability, sustained, sustaining, sustains,

sustenance, unsustainable
symbolic, symbolically, symbolise, symbolises, symbolised,
symbolising, symbolism, symbols
taped, tapes, taping

target
task

targeted, targeting, targets

tasks

symbol

an amount of money
a short statement that gives the main
information about something
something that you add to something else to
improve it
a set of questions that you ask a lot of people
in order to find out information
continue to live after an accident, illness etc.
officially stop or delay something for a short
time
make something continue to exist
a picture, object etc. that is that is the sign of a
particular quality, idea or organisation
thin narrow band of plastic material used for
recording sounds
a result that you are trying to achieve
a piece of work that someone has to do,
especially one that is difficult or unpleasant

basit, acik
strateji
stres

ikincil, alt derece

sonra gelen, sonraki
tahsisat
vekil, vekalet, vekalet
etmek
halef, varis
yeterli, kafi
butce
ozet
ek, ilave
arastirma
hayatta kalmak
askiya almak
ayakta tutmak
sembol
kaset
hedef
gorev

AcademicWordList

team

teamed, teaming, teams

technical

technically

technique
technology

techniques
technological, technologically

temporary

temporarily

tense
terminate
text

tension, tensely, tenser, tensest, tensions

terminal, terminals, terminated, terminates, terminating,
termination , terminations
texts, textual

theme
theory

themes, thematic, thematically

theoretical, theoretically, theories, theorist, theorists

thereby
thesis
topic
trace
tradition
transfer

transform

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a group of people who work together to do a
particular job
relating to the practicalskills, knowledge and
methods used in science or industry
a special skill or way of doing something
a combination of all the knowledge, equipment,
methods, etc. that are used in scientific or
industrial work
existing or happening for a limited period of
time
nervous and anxious
end or make something end
the writing in a book, magazine, etc. rather
than the pictures
the main subject or idea in a book
an explanation for something that has not been
proved to be true
with the result that

theses

a long piece of writing that you do for a

university degree
topical, topics
a subject that people talk or write about
traceable, traced, traces, tracing
find the origins of something and find out how it
has developed
non-traditional, traditional , traditionalist, traditionally,
a custom, belief or way of doing something that
traditions
has existed for a long time
transferable, transference, transferred, transferring, transfers move someone or something from one place,
part of an organisation etc. to another

takim
tekniki olarak
teknik
teknoloji

gecici
gergin, telasli
bitirmek
metin
tema, ana konu
teori
oylece, oylelikle, o
suretle
tez
konu
izlemek,iz surmek
geleneksel
tasima, tasinma, gecis
yapma

trend

transformation, transformations, transformed, transforming,

transforms
transited, transiting, transition, transitional, transitions,
transitory, transits
transmission, transmissions, transmitted, transmitting,
transmits
transportation, transported, transporter, transporters,
transporting, transports
trends

trigger
ultimate
undergo

triggered, triggering, triggers

ultimately
undergoes, undergoing, undergone, underwent

when people, goods etc. are moved from one

place to another
to send out electronic signals for radio or
television
when people, goods etc. are moved from one
place to another
the way a situation is generally developing or
changing
make something start to happen
the final and most important thing
have a difficult ot unpleasant experience

underlie

underlay, underlies, underlying

important but hidden

undertake

undertaken, undertakes, undertaking, undertook

uniform
unify

uniformity, uniformly
unification, unified , unifies, unifying

unique

uniquely, uniqueness

utilise

start to do a piece of work, especially one that

is long and difficult
all the same size, shape etc.
join the parts of a country, organisation, etc.
together to make a single country, organisation
etc.
the only one of its kind; often very good or
benzersiz
special
use something
kullanmak

violate

utilisation, utilised, utilises, utilising, utiliser, utilisers, utility,

utilities
invalidate, invalidity, validate, validated, validating, validation, can be used legally; officially acceptable
validity , validly
invariable, invariably, variability, variable, variables, variably, likely to change often
variance, variant, variants, variation, variations, varied,
varies, varying
vehicles
a thing such as a car or a bus that is used for
carrying people or things
versions
a form of something that is different from other
forms
travelling through or stopping at a place when
you are going to another place
violated, violates, violating, violation , violations
disobey a law, agreement etc.

virtual

virtually

almost completely

visible

visibility, visibly, invisible, invisibility

something that can be seen or noticed

transit
transmit
transport

valid
vary

vehicle
version
via

change something or someone completely

donusturmek
gecis, baglanti, intikal
yaymak, iletmek
tasima, tasinma,
nakliye
egilim
tetiklemek
son, nihai
cekmek, katlanmak,
alttan almak
altinda bulunmak,
temelini olusturmak
uzerine almak, taahhut
etmek
tek tip
birlestirmek

gecerli
degistirmek

arac
versiyon
yolu ile
ihlal etmek, cignemek
neredeyse, hemen
hemen
gorulebilir

AcademicWordList

vision
visual
volume
voluntary
welfare
whereas
whereby
widespread

visions
visualise, visualised, visualised, visualising, visualisation,
visually
volumes, vol
voluntarily, volunteer, volunteering, volunteered, volunteers

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the ability to see
relating to seeing or your ability to see

gorus
gorsel

the total amount of something

working without being paid, especially helping
people
the general health and happiness of a person
or a group
used for showing a fact that is different
by which; because of which

cilt
gonullu

happening in many places, among many

people, or in many situations

refah, iyi hal

oysa
onunla, onu vasitasiyla
yaygin