21

GB 500682001

CIP
/2007.1
21
ISBN 978-7-301-10364-7
I

II

III

IVTU3

CIP 2005 150601

ISBN 978-7-301-10364-7/TU0016

205 100871

62752015 62750672 62765126

http://www.pup.cn
xxjs@pup.pku.edu.cn



787 980 16 22.25 480
2007 1 1 2007 1 1

38.00

01062752024fd@pup.pku.edu.cn

62754962

2001

GB 500682001

125678 9.3 9.5 9.6 15

3 4.14.3 161718 4.44.8 9.19.2
9.4 11 10 121314

2006 12

1.1
1.1.1

1.1.2

1
1

15
9

2
1.1a

615 10

b-
1.1

3-

1.1b --

1625

1.1c
2130

1.2a
1.2b 30

a
1.2

2
1 1.3a
11

b
1.3

1.3b

1.4

b
1.4

4
1/20
1.5

e
1.5

1.6

1.7

a
1.6

T
H

a
1.7

1.2
1.1
1.2

 2
2.1
2.1.1

50

50

2.1.2

1
2

3
4

1
2
3
4

2.2
2.2.1

3
1

2.2.2

1
95

Gk
Qk GB 500092001

0.5 q Qk q
3

c c 1
c Qk
4

f Qk f

10

2.1
2.2 2.3
2.1

18 kN/m3
19 kN/m3
18 kN/m3
0.12 kN/m3
17 kN/m3
20 kN/m3
2224 kN/m3

2
3
4

46 kN/m
5.57.5 kN/m3
2425 kN/m3
19 kN/m3
0.36 kN/m2
0.5 kN/m2
0.34 kN/m2
0.20.3 kN/m2
1.01.5 kN/m2
0.40.45 kN/m2
0.350.4 kN/m2
0.18 kN/m2
10.12 kN/m2
0.65 kN/m2
2.2

684/m3

928
5 mm

20 mm
25 mm
20 mm
2030

15 mm
10 mm 20 mm

kN/m2

2.0

0.7

0.5

0.4

2.0

0.7

0.6

0.5

2.5
3.0

0.7
0.7

0.6
0.5

0.5
0.3

11

kN/m2

5
6
7
8
9

2.3

1
2
3

kN/m2
0.5
2.0
3.0

3.5

0.7

0.6

0.5

5.0
7.0
3.5
2.5

0.9
0.9
0.7
0.7

0.9
0.9
0.5
0.6

0.8
0.8
0.3
0.5

c
0.7
0.7
0.7

f
0.5
0.5
0.6

q
0
0.4
0.5

1
2

2.2.3

S
Q S
S = CQ
2.1
C

2.2.4

12

2.2.5

0.05 95
95
3.1 3.3 3.4
f k f
fcft 2.4 fy f y
2.5 f Py f py 2.6
f Ptk 2.6
N/mm2

2.4

C15

C20

C25

C30

C35

C40

C45 C50 C55

C60

C65

C70

C75

C80

fc

7.2

9.6

11.9

14.3

16.7

19.1

21.1

23.1

25.3

27.5

29.7

31.8

33.8

35.9

ft

0.91

1.10

1.27

1.43

1.57

1.71

1.80

1.89

1.96

2.04

2.09

2.14

2.18

2.22

2.5 N/mm2

HPB235Q235
HRB33520MnSi
HRB40020MnSiV20MnSiNb20MnTi
R
R

RRB400K20MnSi

fy

f y

210
300

210
300

360

360

360

360

300 N/mm2 300 N/mm2

2.6

N/mm2

13
S

17

fptk
1 860
1 720
1 570
1 860
1 720

fpy
1 320
1 220
1 110
1 320
1 220

f py
390
390

40Si2Mn
48Si2Mn
45Si2Cr

H
I
HT

13

fptk
1 770
1 670
1 570
1 570

fpy
1 250
1 180
1 110
1 110

1 470

1 040

f py
410
410
400

2.3

2.3.1

S R
SR
2.2
2.2
Z = R S = g ( R, S )
2.3
2.3
Z0 (RS)
Z0 (RS)
Z=0 (R = S)

Z = g ( R, S ) = R S = 0
2.4

2.3.2

S R Z=R-S

ps

14

pf
ps + pf = 1

pf = 1 ps

2.5

RSZ
2.1 Z=RS0 pf
f(z)

z=z
z

1-pf

pf

2.1

2.1 pf Z Z
Z = Z Z
Z pf pf pf

pf
GB 500682001
pf
[ ]
2.6

[ ]
2.7
2.7

3.7
4.2

[ ]

3.2
3.7

2.7
3.2

15

2.8

2.8

2.4
[ ]

2.4.1

0S R

R = R ( ) = R ( fc , fs , k ,L

2.7
2.8

0 1.1
1.00.9
R
R ( )
f c , f s

k
S
S
1

16
n

S = r0 (rG CG Gk + rQ1CQ1Q1k + Qi Ci CQi Qik ) R(

i =2

f sk f ck
,
, k ,L )
rs rc

2.9

2
n

S = r0 (rG CG Gk + Qi ci CQi Qik ) R(

i =1

f sk f ck
,
, k ,L )
rs rc

2.10

G Q1 Qi
G 1.2
G 1.35 G 1.0
Q1 Qi 1.4 4 kN/m2

Q1 Qi 1.3
CG CQ1CQi

Gk Q1k Qik

Ci

1
S = rG CG Gk + rQ1CQ1Q1k
2.11
n

S = rG CG Gk + 0.9 Qi CQi Qik

2.12

i =1

22.10

2.4.2

GB 500092001

1
n

S = CG Gk + CQ1 Q1k + ci CQi Qik

i =2

2.13

17

S = CG Gk + f 1CQ1 Q1k + fi CQi Qik

2.14

i=2

3
n

S = CG Gk + qi CQi Qik

2.15

i =1

qi fi Qi
2.1 3.3 m
3.18 m 0.9 m 2.04 kN/m2 40 mm 20 mm
2.0 kN/m2 0.4

2.04 kN/m2
40 mm
250.04=1.00 (kN/m2)
20 mm
200.02=0.40 (kN/m2)
Gk
Qik

3.44 (kN/m2)
0.93.44 =3.1 (kN/m)
0.92.0 =1.8 (kN/m)

1
M = ql 2
8
1
M = 0 (rG CG Gk + rQ1CQ1Q1k )
1
1

M = 1.0 1.2 3.182 3.1 + 1.4 3.182 1.8 = 7.89 (kNm)

8
8

M = 0 (rG CG Gk + rQ1 C1CQ1Q1k )

1

M = 1.0 1.35 3.182 3.1 + 1.4 0.7 3.182 1.8 = 7.52 (kNm)
8

M = CG Gk + CQ1Q1k
1
1
M = 3.182 3.1 + 3.182 1.8 = 6.19 (kNm)
8
8

18

M = CG Gk + qi CQi Qik
i =1

1
1
M = 3.182 3.1 + 3.182 0.4 1.8 = 4.83 (kNm)
8
8

2.5
2.1
2.2
2.3

2.6

bh=200 mm450 mml0=5.2 m

8 kN/m 9.5 kN/m

3.1
3.1.1

1
1
GB 50010 150 mm
203 90% 28

0.30.8 N/mm2 95%

fcu,kN/mm2

3.1

C
3.1
C15C20

C25C30C35C40C45C50C55C60C65C70C75

21

C80 14 C50C80
C15
HRB335 C20 HRB400 RRB400
C20
C30
C40
2

150 mm150 mm300 mm

3.2

95%
fck
3

5%10%
ft / fcu
150 mm150 mm150 mm
3.3

3.2

dd

bb

3.3

fckftk 3.1

PP

22

3.1

fck
ftk

C15
10.0
1.27

C20
13.4
1.54

C25
16.7
1.78

C30
20.1
2.01

N/mm2

C35
23.4
2.20

C40 C45 C50 C55

26.8 29.6 32.4 35.5
2.39 2.51 2.64 2.74

C60
38.5
2.85

C65
41.5
2.93

C70
44.5
2.99

C75
47.4
3.05

C80
50.2
3.11

3.4

3.4

3.1.2

1
1-
-
3.5
0.3fcOA
AB0.3fc0.8fcBC0.8fc1.0fc
Cmax fc0
0=0.002
fc
DD

2-
-
- 3.6 -

23

0fcc-
c0-cufc

c
0

3.5 -

3.6
-

-
c0

c = f c 1 (1

c n
)
0

3.1

0ccu

c = fc
1
( f cu,k 50)
60
0 = 0.002 + 0.5( f cu,k 50) 105
n=2

cu = 0.003 3 ( f cu,k 50) 105

3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5

cc
fc
0fc3.40 0.002
0.002
cu3.5
cu 0.003 3 0.003 3 0.002
fcu,k
n 3.3 n 2.0

24

2
-

1
3.7 Ec -
Ec=tg0Ec=c/ce
2
-
-
3.7-AOAA
EcEc=tg1
Ec=c/ccccecpEcEc

Ec =

3.7

c ce c
=

= Ec
c c ce

3.6

cec
c 1c

0.5EcEc 3.2
Gc 3.2 0.4

3
3.2

25

104 N/mm2

C15

C20

C25

C30

C35

C40

C45

C50

C55

C60

C65

C70

C75

C80

Ec

2.2
0

2.5
5

2.8
0

3.0
0

3.1
5

3.2
5

3.3
5

3.4
5

3.5
5

3.6
0

3.6
5

3.7
0

3.7
5

3.8
0

3.8 =0.5fc

(10 4)

3.8

3
1

2
20%25%
3

26

50%

3.2
3.2.1

HPB235 HRB335 HRB400 RRB400 HPB235

HRB335 HRB400 RRB400
3.9
HPB235
HRB335 HRB400 RRB400

6 mm 10 mm

e
3.9

3.2.2

27

1
- 3-10

a -
3.10

b -
-

- 3.10aOA
AB-
BBB
fyBC
CDC-
DDft
ftDEE

28

fyftfy

ft

- 3.10b-

0.2%0.2 0.85bb

510
3.11
dD

3.11

3.3 3.4 3.5

3.3 N/mm2

dmm
820
650

fyk
235
335

HRB40020MnSiV20MnSiNb20MnTi

650

RRB400K20MnSi

840

400
400

HPB235Q235
HRB33520MnSi

1 d

29

2 40 mm

3.4

N/mm2

13

17

dmm
8.610.8
12.9
9.511.112.7
15.2
45
6
789

fptk
1 8601 7201 570
1 7201 570
1 860
1 8601 720
1 7701 6701 570
1 6701 570
1 570

57

1 570

40Si2Mn
48Si2Mn
45Si2Cr

HT

6
8.2
10

1 470

1dGB/T 5224 Dg
d
2 d 4~9 mm d 4~8 mm

3.5

105 N/mm2

HPB235
HPB335 HRB400 RRB400

Es
2.1
2.0
2.05
1.95

2-
- 3.12
fyfy
stu 0.01

s
fy
sy sEss
sy s=fy
0

30

3.12

-
sy
s=Ess
ysstu
s=fy
ss
fy
y fy
stustu 0.01
Es

3.7
3.8

3.3

3.3.1

3.13 N
s=N/Asc=0

scs
cscltsc 0
0

31

Ac
As

dx

s =

b
c

lt

lt

d
s=c

3.13

3.3.2

N
As

s-c
c

2
3

3.3.3

32

4.6

3.4
3.1
3.2

3.3
3.4 -
3.5

4.1a
4.1b
P

b
4.1

4.2ab
4.2c

b
4.2

34

4.1

4.1.1

T I 4.3 4.4

bT

c T

g
4.3

hI

b
4.4

4.1.2

dL e L

h l
h/l 1/141/10 250 mm300 mm

35

350 mm750 mm800 mm900 mm1 000 mm h 800 mm

50 mm 800 mm 100 mm b h/b
2.03.5 2.54.0
120 mm150 mm180 mm200 mm220 mm250 mm300 mm 300 mm
50 mm
4.1
10 mm
4.1

mm

700 mm
700 mm
500 mm
500 mm

4.1.3

60
60
70
80
80
40
50
60
80
150

1
4.5

4.5

36

2
4.6

II
4.6

4.1.4

4.7
4.2

h0
h
c

as

4.2

as

4.7

c
25mm

h0 = h-as

as

25mm

h0 = h-as
h

1.5
30mm

mm

C20 C25C45 C45

20
15
15

C20
30

C25C45 C45
25
25

C20
30

C25C45 C45
30
30

37

a
b

C20

C25C45 C45
20
20
25
20
30
25

C20

C25C45 C45
30
30
35
30
40
35

C20

C25C45 C45
30
30
30
35
35
40

1 40 mm 70 mm
2 C20 4.2
5 mm 15 mm
4.2
10 mm
3 4.2 10 mm 10 mm
15 mm
4 40 mm

4.1.5

30 mm
1.5dd 25 mm d
4.7 4.7

h150 mm 20 mm h150 mm
1.5h 250 mm

4.1.6

h0 4.7

h0has
4.1
as
h
1225 mm 20 mm
C20 25 mm

38

h0(h-35) mm
h0[h-(5060)] mm
C20 h0 510 mm
612 mm 10 mm
C20 25 mm
h0(h20) mm
C20 h0 5 mm

4.2

4.2.1

4.8

4.9
M00

4.8

4.9

M0-0

39

4.9 M0-0Cy

4.10
c1a

c2

c2a

0cu

c3
xc

c1

s1a

s1
0tu
c1

s2

0tu
c1a

c2

s2a=0y

s30y

c2a

c3

s0y
cmax
C

f 0t s1As

aI

M0y

M02
f 0t s1aAs

bIa
4.10

s2aAs

cII

M03

M0u

f 0yAs

dIIa

f 0yAs

eIII

M0cr

M01

T = f 0yAs

fIIIa

1 I

IIaIa

2 II
III

IIIIa
II

3 III

40

III

IIIIIIa
III

4.2.2

1
Asbh0

A
4.2
= s 100%
bh0
As
b
h0

2
3
4.11

c
4.11 3

41

1
minbminb

2
b

3
min

4.3

4.3.1

1
2
3 3.6
4 3.12

42

2
4.12 C
C
4.12b
a1fc
x=1xc

fc

Mu
Z

yc

Mu

C
yc

xc

T=fyAs

T=fyAs

b
4.12

1fc1
C50 1 1.0C80 1 0.94

2x
xc1x1xcC50 1 0.8
C80 1 0.74
3b
cu
b

bxb/h0b 4.13
x

x
1
b = b = 1 cb = 1 cu =
4.3
fy
h0
h0
cu + y
1+
Es cu

43

xb
cu=0.0033
a
xcxcb

xc= xcb

xcxcb

h0

max
=max

max

b d

sy
s= y
sy

4.13

b 4.3
4.3

C60

C50
HPB
235
0.614

HRB
335
0.550

HRB
400
0.518

HPB
235
0.594

HRB
335
0.531

C70
HRB
400
0.499

HPB
235
0.575

HRB
335
0.512

C80
HRB
400
0.481

HPB
235
0.555

HRB
335
0.493

HRB
400
0.463

x/h0x
xxbbb

4.14c1fcbxfyAsxbx
x f
f
b = b 1 c = b 1 c
4.4
h0 f y
fy

44

h
h0

xcb

a1fc

cu
xcb

0.5xb

xb= 1xcb

M
Asfy

Asfy
As

s= fy/Es
b
4.14

4min
minmin
minIIIaMu
Mcr
min
4.4
4.4

0.6

0.2

0.2 45ft/ fy

1 HRB400 RRB400 0.1

C60 0.1
2
3
(bf-b)hf

min

4.3.2

45

1
4.15

4.5
1fcbx=fyAs
x
4.6
M M u = 1 f c bx(h0 ) = 1 f c bh02 (1 0.5 )
2

x
4.7
M M u = f y As (h0 ) = f y As h0 (1 0.5 )
2
M
Mu
fy
As
b
x
b

as

Mu

C = 1fcbx

h0

a 1 f c

As

4.15

T= fyAs

2
1
b

4.8a

xxb=bh0

4.8b

b = b

1 f c
fy

4.8c

46

2
min

4.9

M
bh
As

4.6
4.10
s = (1 0.5 )

M
4.11
s =
1 f c bh02
4.7
z
= 1 0.5
h0

4.12

= 1 1 2 s

4.13

s =
s
s
4.104.12

s =

1 + 1 2 s

4.14
2
s s 4.5 s s
4.13
4.14 s s
4.5

0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06

T
s
0.995
0.990
0.985
0.980
0.975
0.970

s
0.010
0.020
0.030
0.039
0.048
0.058

0.32
0.33
0.34
0.35
0.36
0.37

s
0.840
0.835
0.830
0.825
0.820
0.815

s
0.269
0.273
0.282
0.289
0.295
0.301

0.07
0.08
0.09
0.10
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
0.15
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.19
0.20
0.21
0.22
0.23
0.24
0.25
0.26
0.27
0.28
0.29
0.30
0.31

s
0.068
0.077
0.085
0.095
0.104
0.113
0.121
0.130
0.139
0.147
0.155
0.164
0.172
0.180
0.188
0.196
0.203
0.211
0.219
0.226
0.234
0.241
0.248
0.255
0.262

s
0.965
0.960
0.955
0.950
0.945
0.940
0.935
0.930
0.925
0.920
0.915
0.910
0.905
0.90
0.895
0.890
0.885
0.880
0.875
0.870
0.865
0.860
0.855
0.850
0.845
2

M = s 1 fc bh0 =

x
h0

47

As f y

1 fc bh0

0.38
0.39
0.40
0.41
0.42
0.43
0.44
0.45
0.46
0.47
0.48
0.49
0.50
0.51
0.518
0.52
0.53
0.54
0.550
0.56
0.57
0.58
0.59
0.60
0.614
As =

s
0.309
0.314
0.320
0.326
0.332
0.337
0.343
0.349
0.354
0.359
0.365
0.370
0.375
0.380
0.384
0.385
0.309
0.394
0.400
0.403
0.408
0.412
0.416
0.420
0.426

s
0.810
0.805
0.800
0.795
0.790
0.785
0.780
0.775
0.770
0.765
0.760
0.755
0.750
0.745
0.741
0.740
0.735
0.730
0.725
0.720
0.715
0.710
0.705
0.700
0.693
M

s f y h0

As = bh0

4.74.12
M
As =
f y s h0
4.5
f bx x
f
f
As = 1 c = bh0 1 c = bh0 1 c
fy
h0
fy
fy

1 fc
fy

4.15

4.16

M1fcfybh0
1 4.2
ash0
24.11s
3s 4.5 s4.134.14
s
4bs4.154.16

48

Asb
5minAsminbh
6As 4.6 4.7
h0
AsAs
5%
4.6

mm
6
6.5
8
8.2
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
25
28
32
36
40
50

kg/m

mm2
1
28.3
33.2
50.3
52.8
78.5
113.1
153.9
201.1
254.5
314.2
380.1
490.9
615.8
804.2
1 017.9
1 256.6
1 964

2
57
66
101
106
157
226
308
402
509
628
760
982
1 232
1 609
2 036
2 513
3 928

3
85
100
151
158
236
339
461
603
763
942
1 140
1 473
1 847
2 413
3 054
3 770
5 892

4
113
133
201
211
314
452
615
804
1 017
1 256
1 520
1 964
2 463
3 217
4 072
5 027
7 856

5
142
166
252
264
393
565
769
1 005
1 272
1 570
1 900
2 454
3 079
4 021
5 089
6 283
9 820

6
7
8
226
170
198
265
199
232
402
302
352
423
317
370
628
471
550
904
678
791
923
1 077 1 231
1 206 1 407 1 608
1 527 1 781 2 036
1 884 2 199 2 513
2 281 2 661 3 041
2 945 3 436 3 927
3 695 4 310 4 926
4 826 5 630 6 434
6 107 7 125 8 143
7 540 8 796 10 053
11 784 13 748 15 712

9
255
299
453
475
707
1 017
1 385
1 809
2 290
2 827
3 421
4 418
5 542
7 238
9 161
11 310
17 676

0.222
0.260
0.395
0.432
0.617
0.888
1.21
1.58
2.00
2.47
2.98
3.85
4.83
6.31
7.99
9.87
15.42

d=8.2 mm

4.7

mm
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
110
120
125
130

3
101
94.2
88.4
83.2
78.2
74.5
70.6
64.2
58.9
56.5
54.4

4
180
168
157
148
140
132
126
114
105
101
96.6

5
280
262
245
231
218
207
196
178
163
157
151

mm2

6
404
377
354
333
314
298
283
257
236
226
218

6/8
561
524
491
462
437
414
393
357
327
314
302

mm
8
8/10
10
719
920
1 121
671
859
1 047
629
805
981
592
758
924
559
716
872
529
678
826
503
644
785
457
585
714
419
537
654
402
515
623
387
495
604

10/12
1 369
1 277
1 198
1 127
1 064
1 008
958
871
798
766
737

12
1 616
1 503
1 414
1 331
1 257
1 190
1 131
1 023
942
905
870

12/14
1 907
1 780
1 669
1 571
1 483
1 405
1 335
1 214
1 113
1 068
1 027

14
2 199
2 052
1 924
1 811
1 710
1 620
1 539
1 399
1 283
1 231
1 184

49

mm
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
220
240
250
260
280
300
320

3
58.5
47.1
44.1
41.5
39.2
37.2
35.3
32.1
29.4
28.3
27.2
25.2
23.6
22.1

4
89.8
83.8
78.5
73.9
69.8
66.1
62.8
57.1
52.4
50.3
48.3
44.9
41.9
39.3

5
140
131
123
115
109
103
98.2
89.2
81.8
78.5
75.5
70.1
65.5
61.4

6
202
189
177
168
157
149
141
129
118
113
109
101
94.2
88.4

6/8
281
262
246
231
218
207
196
179
164
157
151
140
131
123

mm
8
8/10
359
460
335
429
314
403
295
379
279
358
265
339
251
322
229
293
210
268
201
258
193
248
180
230
168
215
157
201

10
561
523
491
462
436
413
393
357
327
314
302
280
262
245

10/12
684
639
599
564
532
504
479
436
399
383
369
342
319
299

12
808
754
707
665
628
595
565
514
471
452
435
404
377
353

12/14
954
890
831
785
742
703
668
607
556
543
513
477
445
417

14
1099
1026
962
905
855
810
770
700
641
616
592
550
513
481

4.1 200 mm500 mm

a=240 mmln=5 760 mm 18 kN/m
4.16

4.16

4.1

1
HRB335 fy=300 N/mm2C20 fc=9.6 N/mm21=1.0
2

g + q = 18 1.4 + 0.2 0.5 25 1.2 = 25.2 + 3.0 = 28.20 (kN/m)

1
1
M = ( g + q )l02 = 28.2 6.02 = 126.90(kN m) = 126.90 106 (N mm)
8
8

50

3
h0=h35=50035=465 (mm)
126.90 106
M
s=
=0.306<smax=0.400
=
1 f c bh02 1.0 9.6 200 4652

4.5 s0.812
M
126.9 106
As =
=
= 1 120 (mm2)
s h0 f y 0.812 465 300
4
A
1 120
= s 100% =
100% = 1.2% > min =0.20%
bh0
200 465

0.45

ft
1.1
100% = 0.45
100% = 0.165% < 0.2%
fy
300

4.6 3 22As=1 140 mm2

4.2 l=2.34 mqk=3 kN/m2
4.17 C30HPB235
Q1.4G1.2 25 kN/m3
As

a
4.17

b
4.2

b=1 000 mm 80 mm
gk=250.08=2.0 (kN/m2)

1
1
M = ( G g k + q qk )l 2 = (1.2 2 + 1.4 3) 2.342 = 4.52 (kN m)
8
8

51

h0=8020=60 (mm)

s =

M
4.52 106
=
= 0.087 8
1 f c bh02 1 14.3 1 000 602

= 1 1 2 s = 0.092
s = 0.5 (1 + 1 2 s ) = 0.954
As =

M
f y s h0

4.52 106
= 376(mm 2 )
210 0.954 60

8@140As=359 mm 5% 4.17
6@250

1 x = h0 = 0.092 60 = 5.52 mm < b h0 = 0.614 60 = 36.84 (mm)

359
0.45 1.43
2 =
100% = 0.598% > min =
100% = 0.306%
1 000 60
210

bh
AsMu
M
Mu
MMu
1
h0
4.5 x
x bh0minx4.6Mux > xb=bh0xb=bh0
MuM
2
h0
fy
=

1 f c
b min 4.6 Mu b =b
M u = 1 f c bh02b (1 0.5 b )
MuM

52

4.3 bh=250 mm500 mm 4 18 As=1 017 mm

HRB335 C20M=100 kNm

h0=50040=460 (mm)h0

As f y
1 017 300
x=
=
= 127 (mm)
1 f c b 1.0 9.6 250

x = 127 mm b h0 = 0.550 460 = 253 (mm)

As
1 017
=
= 0.81% min = 0.2%
bh 250 500
f
1.1
0.45 t 100% = 0.45
100% = 0.165%0.2%
fy
300

x
M u = 1 f c bx(h0 )
2
127
)
2
= 120.9 106 (N mm) = 120.9(kN mm)M = 100 kN mm

= 1.0 9.6 250 127 (460

4.3.3

1
4.18

53

f y As = 1 f c bx + f yAs

4.17

x
M M u = 1 f c bx(h0 ) + f yAs (h0 as )
2
f y f y = f y f y 400 N / mm 2

4.18

As
as
cu

f sAy

1 f c

x
M

M
Asfy

b
4.18

h0

Asfy

as

s
a

As

f sAy

as

s = 0.002

1 f c

As
c

2
1xbh0
2
x 2as z h0 as

4.19

1 1Mfcfy f y bh
As As
xAs As
As+ As x=xb4.18
As

x
M 1 f c bxb (h0 b ) M 1 f c bh02 b (1 b )
2 =
2
As =
4.20
f y(h0 as )
f y(h0 as )

54

4.17As
As f y + 1 f c bx
f y
f bh
As =
= As + b 1 c 0
fy
fy
fy

4.21

4.4 bh200 mm400 mm M120 kNm

C20 HRB335 f y = f y = 300 N/mm 2

h0=40060=340 (mm)
4.5 b = 0.550 s,max = 0.400

M u = s,max1 f c bh02 = 0.400 1.0 9.6 200 3402 = 88.78 106 (N mm)
= 88.78 (kN mm)M = 120 kN mm

As =
As = As

f y
fy

M s,max1 f c bh02 120 106 88.78 106

=
= 347 (mm2)
f y(h0 as )
300 (340 40)
+ b

1 f c bh0
fy

= 347 + 0.55

1.0 9.6 200 340

= 1 544 (mm2)
300

12 mm 2 16 As =402 mm
2
5 20As=1 570 mm

4.19

400

16

20

20

200

4.19

4.4

2 2Mfcfy f y bh
As As
4.20a 4.20b

55

4.20c 4.20
M=M1+M2
As=As1+As2
As1 As

4.22
4.23

As2
M1 As As1
M2As2
a's

A'sf 'y
x

a1fcbx

as

M2

h0-x/2

h0-a's

a1fc

A'sf 'y
1fcbx M
1

a's

a1fc

Asfy
as

A1fy

As2fy

A's

A's

+
h

As
b

b
a

As1

b
4.20

As2
b
c

4.20b

f y As1 = As f y
M 1 = f y As1 (h0 as ) = f yAs(h0 as )
4.20c 4.20c
1fcbx=fyAs2
x
x
M 2 = f y As2 (h0 ) = 1 f c bx(h0 )
2
2

4.24
4.25
4.26
4.27

56

2
As As1M1
f y
M1 = f yAs(h0 as )
As1 = As
fy
As2M2
M2MM1
M2As2
M2
s2 =
s2 4.5 2s2
1 f c bh02
2>b As
As 1
M2
2a
s 2 b As2 =
h0
f y s2 h0

As = As1 + As2 = As

2 <

f y
fy

M2

f y s2 h0

2as
s s
h0

h as As 4.21x=2 as

M M u = f y As (h0 as )
4.28
As

As =

M
f y (h0 as )

4.29

4.29AsM As 0
AsAs
As
4.5 4.22 C20HPB335
M190 kNm
2 20 As 628 mm2
As

57

A's

a1fc

500

A's's

20

a's

16

as

Asfy

As

200

b
4.21

x<2 as

22

4.22

4.5

h0=50060=440 (mm)
1 As As1
f y
As1 = As = 628 (mm 2 )
fy

M 1 = As1 f y (h0 as ) = 628 300 (440 40)

= 75.36 106 (N mm) = 75.36 (kN m)
2 As2 M2
M 2 = M M 1 = 190 106 75.36 106 = 114.64 106 (N mm)
as2 =

M2
114.64 106
=
= 0.308
a1 f c bh02 1.0 9.6 200 4402

4.5 s2 = 0.811 2 = 0.379 < b = 0.550

x = 2 h0 = 0.379 440 = 167 (mm)2as = 80 (mm)

As2 =

M2

f y s2 h0

3
16As=1 743 mm2

115 106
= 1 074 (mm 2 )
300 0.811 440

As = As1 + As2 = 628 + 1 074 = 1 702 (mm2 ) 3

22+

58

4.3.4

4.23
T T

b'f

h'f

As
b

4.23

T 4.23 Tbh
[(bfb)hf]T

T
T T T
bh
T

4.24a
bf bf
bf 4.24b
bf 4.8

hf

h'f

h'f

hf

a11ffcc

bb'ff

aT
4.24

bT
T

4
4.8

1
2
3

59

T I L bf

l0
sn
hf/ h00.1

0.1hf/ h00.05
hf
hf/ h00.05

T I

l0/3
l0/3
b+sn

b+12hf
b+12hf
b+6hf
b+12hf
b

l0/6
b+sn/2

b+5hf
b+5hf

1 b
2 3
3TILhh/hfbn3hh
3 2bhTIbhL
4 b

1
1T
TT
xh'f 4.25aT
x>h'fT 4.25b
b'f
x
h0
h
b

a T

as

As

as

As

h0

h'f

h'f

b'f

b T
4.25

TT
Txh'f
4.26 T
f y As = 1 f c bfhf
4.30
h
4.31
M u = 1 f c bfhf (h0 f )
2
T
f y As 1 f c bfhf
4.32

60

hf
)
2
xh'fT
f y As > 1 f c bfhf
M 1 f c bfhf (h0

M > 1 f c bfhf (h0

4.33
4.34

hf
)
2

4.35

x>h'fT
b'f

h0
h

h'f

h'f

a1fe
h0

Mu

4.26

a1fcb'f h'f

fyAs

as

As

hf

xh'fT

4.334.35 T
4.324.34 T
2
T
4.27
f y As = 1 f c bf x
4.36
x
M = 1 f c bfhf (h0 )
2

4.37

b'f
a1fcb'f x

x
h0
h

h'f

a1fe
M

As

h0

x
2

as

fyAs
b
4.27

z bTx

61

z min

T =

As
b
bh0

bfMu
McrMcr
b
T
T 4.28a
f y As = 1 f c (bf b)hf + 1 f c bf x
4.38
h
x
4.39
M = 1 f c (bf b)hf (h0 f ) + 1 f c bf x (h0 )
2
2
b'f

a1fc

hf

a1fc(b'f - b)h'f
a1fcbx

h0
h

Asfy
As
b
a

b'f

1fe

As1

h0
h

M1
As1fy

b
b
4.28

h0-h'f /2

1fc(b'f - b)h'f

62

b'f

a1fc

h0
h

As2

As2fy

h0-x/2

a1fcbx
M2

b
c
4.28

z Txbh0
z minTx
min
T 4.28b 4.28c
4.28
4.40
MM1+M2
4.41
AsAs1+As2
As1
As2
M1As1
M2As2
4.28b
f y As1 = 1 f c (bf b)hf
4.42
h
4.43
M 1 = 1 f c (bf b)hf (h0 f )
2
4.28c
f y As2 = 1 f c bf x
4.44
x
M 2 = 1 f c bf x(h0 )
2

4.45

2
M1fcfybhb'f
h'fAs

63

h04.334.35T

1Tb'fh
2 T
As1M1
f (b b)hf
h
As1 = 1 c f
M 1 = 1 f c (bf b)hy (h0 f )
fy
2
As2M2
M2MM1
M2As2
As=As1+As2
4.6 T 4.29
M110 kNmC20HRB335
As

4.29

4.6

h0=40040=360 (mm)
T
h
80
1 f c bfhf (h0 f ) = 1.0 9.6 1800 80 (360 )= 442.36 106 (N mm)
2
2
= 442.36 (kN m)M = 110 kN m
1 Tbfh
M
110 106
s =
=
= 0.409
1 f c bfh02 1.0 9.6 1800 3602
4.5 = 0.05

64

As = bfh0

1 f c

fy

= 0.05 1 800 360

1.0 9.6
= 1 037(mm 2 )
300

1037
100% = 1.30% min = 0.2%
bh
200 400
2
2 22+1 20As=1 074 mm
4.7 T 4.30 M560 kNm
C20HRB335 TAs
=

As

100% =

4.30

4.7

h080060740 (mm)
T
h
100
1 f c bfhf (h0 f ) = 1.0 9.6 600 100 (740
)= 397.44 106 (N mm)
2
2
= 397.44 (kN m)M = 560 kN m
2 T
As1M1
f (b b)hf 1.0 9.6 (600 300) 100
= 960 (mm2)
=
As1 = 1 c f
fy
300

65

hf
100
) = 1.0 9.6 (600 300) 100 (740
)
2
2
= 198.72 106 (N mm) = 198.72 (kN m)

M 1 = 1 f c (bf b)hf (h0

M 2 = M M 1 = 560 198.72 = 361.28 (kN m)

M2As2
M2
361.28 106
s2 =
=
= 0.229
1 f c bh02 1.0 9.6 300 7402
4.5 2 = 0.264 < b = 0.550

As2 = 2 bh0 f

1 f c
fy

= 1 875 (mm2)

As = As1 + As2 = 960 + 1 875 = 2 835 (mm2)

16 As = 2 856 mm2 4.30

252

4.4
4.4.1

4.31

J'

C'
4.31

4.4.2

66

M
a

=
h0
Vh0

1

<11 3 >3

4.32

c
4.32

<1
1 3
>3

4.5
4.5.1
1

67

2
3
4
5
6

T

4.5.2

4.33

4.33

Vu = Vc + Vsv + Vsb
Vu
Vc
Vsv
Vcs

68

2
1T I

f yv Asv
Vcs = 0.7 f t bh0 + 1.25
h0
4.46
s
Vcs
f t 2.4

f yv 2.5
Asv Asv = n Asv1 n

Asv1
s
b T I
h0
2T I
75%

f yv Asv
1.75
Vcs =
f t bh0 + 1.0
h0
4.47
s
+1
<1.4 =1.4 >3 =3
3
Vu = Vcs + 0.8 f y Asb sin s
4.48
s 45 h 800 mm 60
0.8
4

hw/b4

V 0.25 c f c bh0
4.49

69

hw/b6
V 0.2 c f c bh0

4.50

4hw/b6
V
c C50 c 1.0
C80 c 0.8
f c
b T I
hw hoT
I

f
sv,min = 0.24 t
4.51
f yv

4.5.3

1
VuVuV
Vu
4.34

b
4.34

1 4.34 11
2 4.34 2233
3 4.34 44
4 4.34 55

70

4.8 bh200 mm500 mm
5.74 m p = 38 kN/m
C20 HPB235
1
1
V = 38 5.74 = 109.06 (kN)
2
2

hw = h0 = 500 40 = 460 (mm)hw / b = 460 / 200 = 2.3 4

C20 C50 c = 1.0
0.25 c f c bh0 = 0.25 1.0 9.6 200 460 = 220 800 (N) = 220.8 (kN) 109.06 (kN)

3
0.7 f t bh0 = 0.7 1.10 200 460 = 708 40 (N) = 70.84 (kN) 109.06 (kN)

4
V 0.7 f t bh0 109 060 708 40
Asv
=
= 0.317 (mm2/mm)

1.25 f yv h0
1.25 210 460
s

8 Asv = 101 (mm 2 )

A
101
s sv =
= 318 (mm)
0.317 0.317
s=200 mm
f
1.10
A
101
= 0.126%
sv = sv =
= 0.253% sv,min = 0.24 t = 0.24
210
f yv
bs 200 200

8@200
4.9 4.35 bh300 mm700 mm
P200 kN C20
HRB335 HPB235

4.35

71

4.9

1
VA = VB = 200 (kN)
2
h0 = 700 60 = 640 (mm)hw / b = 640 / 300 = 2.18 4
C30 C50 c = 1.0, f t = 1.1 (N / mm2 ), f c = 9.6 (N / mm2 )
0.25 c f c bh0 = 0.25 1.0 9.6 300 640 = 460 800 ( N ) 461 (kN) 200 kN

3
a 2 500
= =
= 3.9 3.0
h0
640
= 3.0
1.75
1.75
f t bh0 =
1.1 300 640 = 92.4 103 (N) = 92.4 (kN) 200 kN
+1
3.0 + 1

4
8@200

72

2 50.3
1.1
100% = 0.167% > sv,min = 0.24
100% = 0.126%
300 200
210

1.75
2 50.3
Vcs =
1.1 300 640 + 210
640 92.4 103 + 67.6 103
3 +1
200
= 160 103 (N) 200 kN

sv =

5
V Vcs
200 103 160 103
=
= 188 (mm 2 )
Asb =
o
0.8 f y sin s
0.8 300 sin 45

1 20Asb=314.2

3 20
2
2
mm >188 mm 250 mm(<smax)
lb=50+(700-225-20)3+2250=2 460 mm 2 500-2 460=40 mm<smax
3

4.10 T
4.36 C25 HRB400 HPB235

4.36

4.10

1
C25ft=1.27 N/mm2
HRB400 fy=360 N/mm2 1 20As=314.2 mm2
HPB235 fyv=210 N/mm2 6Asv=57 mm2
2
A
Vu = 0.7 f t bh0 + 1.25 f yv sv h0 + 0.8 f y sin 1
s

73

= 0.7 1.27 250 (600 35) + 1.25

210

57

250

(600 35) + 0.8 360 314.2 sin 45

= 223.4 (kN)

1
1
V = qln = 6.760 q = 3.380q 223.4 kN
2
2
q66 (kN/m)
3
A
Vu = 0.7 f t bh0 + 1.25 f yv sv h0
s
57
= 0.7 1.27 250 (600 35) + 1.25 210
(600 35)
250
=159.4 kN
3.380q0.600q159.4 kN
q57 kN/m
q57 kN/m

4.6
4.6.1

1
M M
M u
M R 4.37
M R M

M R M Ri Asi
As M R
A
4.52
M R i = si M R
As

74

a
4.37

M Ri M R
M R M Ri M

4.37
2 3

2
1

0.5h0 4.37b
2

fy
la = d
4.53
ft
la

f y
f t C40 C40
d

75

4.9
4.9

0.16

0.14

0.19

0.13

0.16

0.17

HPB235 180 3d
HRB335 HRB400 RRB400

1 HRB335 HRB400 RRB400 25 mm

1.1
2 HRB335 HRB400 RRB400
1.25
3 1.1
4 HRB335 HRB400 RRB400
3 0.8
5 HRB335 HRB400 RRB400
0.7
6

4.53 0.7
250 mm

4.38
1 V 0.7 f t bh0
20 d 1.2 la
2 V 0.7 f t bh0
h0 20 d 1.2 la + h0

76

aV0.7ftbh0

bV0.7ftbh0
4.38

cV0.7ftbh0

3
1.3 h0 20 d
1.2 la +1.7 h0
12 d

5
4.10
h
150h300
300h500
500h800
h800

mm

V0.7 f t bh0
150
200
250
300

V 0.7 f t bh0
200
300
350
400

l5 d d
400 mm

3
400 mm 4
5 18 mm
l0 d

0.25
5 d d l00 mm
l0 d 200 mm

77

25 mm l00 mm

3
0.25 5
5

4.6.2

1
1
las 4.39

z V 0.7 f t bh0 las5d

z V 0.7 f t bh0 las12dlas15d
d

4.39

z
V 0.7 f t bh0
z

la
z
0.7 la

78

ll
1

300 mm
4.54
ll la
ll
la

4.11
4.11
%

25
1.2

50
1.4

100
1.6

28 mm

1.3
4.40

4.40

25% 50%
50%
300 mm
2
0.7 200 mm

79

3
20 d d
l0 d 4.41

4.42a

4.42b
10d
d
d

20d
a
4.41

a
4.42

4
1
800 mm 8 mm
800 mm 6 mm
d /4 d

300 mm 150
300 mm 1/4 1/2
150 mm

5
1
4 m 8 mm4
6m 10 mm 6 m 12 mm
2
hw450 mm

bhw 0.1% 200 mm

1/2
814mm100150mm
1/2

80

4.7
4.1
4.2
4.3
x2as
4.4 T
4.5

4.6

4.7
4.8

4.8

4.1 bh=250 mm500 mm M=150 kNm C30

HRB335
4.2 l0=2.4 m 6.3 kN/m2
C20HPB235 80 mm

4.3 bh=250 mm450 mm 4 16 mmHRB335

As=804 mm2C40M=89 kNm
4.4 bh=200 mm500 mm M=210 kNm
C20 HRB335
4.5 bh=200 mm500 mmM=210 kNm
C20HRB335 3 18
As=763 mm2
4.6 Tb=250 mmh=750 mmbf=1200 mmhf=80 mm
450 kNmC20HRB335

81

4.7 Tb=300 mmh=800 mmbf=600 mmhf=100 mm

550 kNmC20HRB335

4.8 bh=200 mm600 mm

V=140 kN C20 HPB235

4.9 T 4.43
C30HRB400 HPB235
8 20 h0=640 mm
8@200

4.43

4.9

 5
5.1
5.1.1

5.1
N

y
x

a b c
5.1

5.1.2

1
1
C20C50

83

2 f y 400 N/mm2

HRB335 HRB400
2

300 mm l0 / h 25 l0 / b 30

1 d 12 mm
2 h600 mm 1016 mm
5.2

5.2

3 300 mm 50 mm

4 0.6%
8
0.2%
5%
4

1
2 400 mm 15dd

3 d/4d 6 mm

84

5.3

5.4

5.4

b400

b400

b400

b400

4 3% 8 mm
10dd
200 mm 135
10
5 400 mm 3
400 mm 4 5.3

5.2

5.4a

5.4b

As

h
a
5.5

As1
b

Acor

dcor

As

85

5.6

N 0.9 ( f c A + f yAs)
5.1
5.1

f c 300 mm f c
2.1 0.8
A 3% A Ac Ac = A As
As
N

As

fc

f yAs
5.6

5.7

5.1

5.1

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

26

28

l0 / d

8.5

10.5

12

14

15.5

17

19

21

22.5

24

l0 / i

28

35

42

48

55

62

69

76

83

90

97

1.00

0.98

0.95

0.92

0.87

0.81

0.75

0.70

0.65

0.60

0.56

l0 / b

l0 / b

30

32

34

36

38

40

42

44

46

48

50

l0 / d

26

28

29.5

31

33

34.5

36.5

38

40

41.5

43

l0 / i

104

111

118

125

132

139

146

153

160

167

174

0.52

0.48

0.44

0.40

0.36

0.32

0.29

0.26

0.23

0.21

0.19

l0bdi

l0
l0 5.2

86

5.2

l0
1.0H
1.25H
1.25H
1.5H

5.1 400 mm400 mm

l0 5.6 m 2 500 kN C30
HRB335 HPB235 30 mm

1 f c = 14.3 N/mm2 f y = 300 N/mm2HRB335

l0 5 600
=
= 14
b
400

5.1 0.92
5.1

3
N
f c A 2500 10 14.3 400 400
0.9
As =
= 0.9 0.92
= 2 438 (mm2)
300

fy

20 As = 2513 mm2

As
2513
=
= 0.015 7 = 1.57% >0.6%
bh 400 400
4
6@250 mm 400 mm 15d300 mmd

5.3
5.3.1

87

5.8

5.8

5.9

5.9

88

5.3.2

xb h0 xb / h0
b b 4.3
b
b

5.3.3

1 ea

GB 500102002
ea 20 mm 1/30
ei

ei = e0 + ea

5.2

e0 e0 = M/N
ea

2
ei
f
ei 5.10
f
)ei = ei
ei
f
= 1 +
ei

GB 500102002

l
1
5.3
( 0 )2
=1
ei h 1 2
1 400
h0
ei + f = (1 +

89

1 11.0 1 = 1.0
0.5 f c A
1 =
5.4
N
2 l0 / h15 2 = 1.0

l
5.5
2 = 1.15 0.01 0
h
GB 500102002
l0 / h 5

l0 / i 17.5 = 1.0

l0

f
5.10

5.3.4

ei

ei 0.3h0
ei0.3h0

ei 0.3h0 b

90

2
1
5.11a
N0 N 1 fcbx + f yAs f y As

As

=0

x
Ne 1 f c bx(h0 ) + f yAs(h0 as)
2
h
e = ei + as
2

5.6
5.7
5.8

1 4.3

b
5.11

2
As b x xb
As x 2as z h0 as
x2as x = 2as As

Ne = f y As (h0 as )
e N As
h
e ei + as
2

5.9

5.10

91

1
5.11b
N0 N 1 fcbx + f yAs s As

5.11

x
Ne 1 f c bx(h0 ) + f yAs (h0 as )
5.12
2
h
e = ei + as
5.13
2
s As f y s f y

As

=0

s =

1
fy
b 1

5.14

1 4.3
2
> b x > xb
x h x > h x = h
3
e0 / h

N > f c A
x
Ne f c bh(h0 ) + f yAs (h0 as )
5.15
2
h
e N As e as (e0ea )
2
h0 h0 =h as
4
l0 / b

5.1

l0 / b

5.3.5

As As

92

f y Asf yAs

5.6
N = 1 f c bx + f yAs f y As f y As = f yAs

N = 1 f c bx

5.16

5.16
N
1 f c b

5.17

x
N
=
h0 1 f c bh0

5.18

x=

x
x xb b
xxb b
2

x=

N
5.7
As = As
1 f c b
x
Ne 1 f c bx(h0 )
2
As = As =
f y(h0 as )

5.19

x < 2as 5.9 x > xb > b

5.115.14
N 1 f c bx + f yAs

1
f y As
b 1

5.20

5.12

x
Ne 1 f c bx(h0 ) + f yAs (h0 as )
2
x

As = As =

93

Ne 1 f c bh02 (1 0.5 )
f y(h0 as )

N b1 f c bh0
+ b
=
Ne 0.431 f c bh02
+ f bh
( 1 b )( h0 as ) 1 c 0

5.21

5.22

> b x > xb x h x > h x = h

4 min

min
bh As = As = min
bh min
= 0.002
As = As < min
5.2bh=250 mm350 mml0=4 m
N=230 kN M=132 kNm as = as =40 mm C25
HRB335 As As
1 f c = 11.9 N/mm2 f y = 300 N/mm2HRB335
2ei
e0 = M / N = 132 / 230 = 0.574 m=574 mmea=max(350/3020)=20 mm

ei = e0 + ea = 574 + 20 = 594 mm
0.5 f c A 0.5 11.9 250 350
1 =
=
= 2.26 > 1.0
N
230 103

1 = 1.0
l0 4 000
=
= 11.43 < 15 2 = 1.0
h
350
l
1
1
( 0 )2 1 2 = 1 +
=1+
11.432 1.0 1.0 = 1.05
ei h
594
1 400
1 400
310
h0
3
N
230 103
x=

= 77.31 < b h0 = 0.55 310 = 170.5 mm

1 f c b 1 11.9 250

94

350
h
as = 1.05 594 +
40 = 758.70 mm
2
2
x
Ne 1 f c bx(h0 )
2
As = As =
f y(h0 as )
e = ei +

230 103 758.7 1 11.9 250 77.31(310

=
2

222

300 (310 40)

77.31
)
2
= 1 384mm 2

20 As = 1 338 mm2 5.12

5.12

5.2

5
5.3bh=300 mm500 mml0 =5 m
N2000 kNM80 kNmas= a =40 mmC30
HRB400 As As
1 f c = 14.3 N/mm2 f y = 360 N/mm2
2ei

e0 =

80
M
=
= 0.04m= 40 (mm)
N 2 000

500
20)=20 (mm)
30
ei = e0 + ea =4020=60 (mm)
0.5 f c A 0.5 14.3 300 500
1 =

0.54
N
2 000 103
l0
=5 000/500 = 10 < 15 2 = 1.0
h

ea=max(

95

h0 =h as
= 500 40 = 460 (mm)
l
1
1
( 0 )2 1 2 = 1 +
=1
102 0.54 1 1.30
ei h
60
1 400
1 400
460
h0

3
N
2 000 103
x=
=
466.20 mm > b h0 = 0.518 460 = 238.28 (mm)
1 f c b 1 14.3 300

e = ei +

500
h
as = 1.3 60 +
40 = 288 (mm)
2
2

N b1 f c bh0
+ b
Ne 0.431 f c bh02
+ f bh
( 1 b )( h0 as ) 1 c 0

2 000 103 0.518 1 14.3 300 460

+ 0.518
2 000 103 288 0.43 1 14.3 300 4602
+ 1 14.3 300 460
(0.8 0.518)(460 40)
= 0.794
Ne 1 f c bh02 (1 0.5 )
As = As =
f y(h0 as )
=

2 000 103 288 1 14.3 300 4602 0.794 (1-0.5 0.794)

360 (460 40)
2
=936 (mm )0.002bh = 300 (mm2)
3 20(As=940 mm2)
5
l0/b=5 000/30016.7 5.1 =0.85
N u = 0.9[ f c A + f y( As + As )] = 0.9 0.85[14.3 300 500 + 360(940 + 940)]
=

=2 158 677 (N)=2 158.677 (kN)2 000 (kN)

5.3.6

I
I

96

1
N
N b = 1 f c bh0 b + 1 f c (bf b)hf
NNb
NNb

5.23

2
T
f y Asf yAs
1( x hf )
bf
N 1 f c bf x + f yAs f y As

x
Ne 1 f c bf x(h0 ) + f yAs (h0 as )
2

2( hf x b h0 )

5.24a
5.24b

bh T

N 1 f c bf x+1 fc (bf b)hf + f yAs f y As

x
Ne 1 f c bx(h0 ) + 1 f c (bf b)hf (h0 0.5hf ) + f yAs (h0 as )
2

5.25a
5.25b

N 1 f c bf h0 +1 f c (bf b)hf +f yAs (1 1
)
5.26a
1 b
Ne 1 f c bh02 (1 0.5 ) + 1 f c (bf b)hf (h0 0.5hf ) + f yAs ( h0 as )

5.26b

5.28b (1-0.5 ) 0.43 f yAs

f yAs =

Ne 0.431 f c bh02 1 f c (bf b) hf (h0 0.5hf )

h0 as

f yAs 5.26a

5.27a

( 1 -b )[ N 1 f c (bf b)hf ] + b f yAs

( 1 b )1 f c bh0 + f yAs

97

5.27b

5.27b5.26b
As

h
x h
h0

5.3.7

N-M

N M
N M

1
5.6 f y As =f yAs x =
e = e0 +

1 f c b

ea 0

h
M h
as = + as e x 5.7
2
N 2
N2
h
M=
+ N + f y As (h0 as )
21 f c b
2

MN 5.13 ABN
M N = N b = 1 f c b bh0 MMb

2
s =

e=

N ( b 0.8) As f y b
1
f y 5.11 f y As = f yAs =

1 f c ( b 0.8) As f y
b 1

M h
+ as 5.12
N 2

h
M =1 f c bh02 (1 0.5 ) N as ) + f y As (h0 as )
2
M N N
M 5.13 BC

3N-M

N M N M

98

5.13
N-M
1CNu0BNbMb
A0Mu

Nb

5.13

N-M

2N-M D NM
D N-M
D N-M

3 M N N
M N N

4 N M
M N

5.4
N M
V

99

T I

A
1.75
V
f t bh0 + f yv sv h0 + 0.07 N
5.28
+1
s
= M/Vh0
=Hn/2h0Hn<1
=1>3 =3MV
=1.5

75%=a/h0<1.5 =1.5>3
=3a

1.75
V
f t bh0 + 0.07 N
5.29
+1

5.5
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5

N-M

5.6

5.1 400 mm400 mm l0 4 500 mm

C25 HRB335 N2 460 kN

100

5.2 bh=400 mm600 mm as = as =40 mm C25

HRB335 7.2 m N1 000 kN
M450 kN m As As
5.3 bh = 400 mm500 mm as = as =40 mm C30
HRB400 7.5 m N2500 kN
M167.5 kN m As As

6.1

H
e0

b
6.1

6.1
6.1.1

45

102

Tu = 0.7 f tWt

Wt Wt =

6.1

b
( 3h b ) b
6
2

f t

6.1.2

6.2
f A s
6.2
= y stl
f yv Ast1ucor
Astl
Ast1

f yv
s
ucor ucor = 2 ( b 2c ) + ( h 2c ) c
c 25 mm

0.6 1.7

6.3

f yv Ast1
T 0.35 f tWt + 1.2
Acor
6.4
s
T
Acor Acor = (b 2c ) ( h 2c )
0.6 1.7 1.7
=1.7

6.2

103

6.2
6.2.1

t
t
1.5
t =
VWt
1 + 0.5
Tbh0

6.5

t 0.5 t 0.5 t 1 t 1

6.2.2

t
1
1
V 0.7(1.5 t ) f t bh0 + 1.25 f yv

Asv
h0
s

6.6

t 6.5
2
A
1.75
V
(1.5 t ) f t bh0 + 1.25 f yv sv h0
s
+ 1.0

6.7

104

2
6.4 t
T 0.35 t f tWt + 1.2

f yv Ast1
s

Acor

6.8

3
6.66.8 Asv / S Ast1 / s

Asv1
A
A
= sv + stl
6.9
s
nsv
st

Asv1

sv

sv sv,min = 0.28 f t f yv

6.10

1 V 0.35 f t bh0
2 T 0.175 f tWt
V
T
3
+
0.7 f t
bh0 Wt

6.3

6.3
1 Astl
200 mm
tl
A
T ft
6.11
tl = stl 0.6
bh
Vb f y

T
T
2 = 2
Vb
Vb

105

Astl

300

As+Astl

As
a

b
6.3

2 As

6.4

1 hw / b 4
V
T
+
0.25 c f c
bh0 0.8Wt

6.12

2
1 135
10dd 6.4

6.4

106

2 6.3
6.1 bh=200 mm450 mm
T=14 kNm C25 HRB335
25mm
1f t = 1.27 N/mm2f c = 11.9 N/mm2f yv = f y =300 N/mm2
2
bcor = 200 2 25 = 150mm hcor = 450 2 25 = 400 (mm)
ucor = 2(bcor + hcor ) = 2(150 + 400) = 1100 (mm)

Acor = bcor hcor = 150 400 = 60 000 (mm2 )

b2
2002
(3h b) =
(3 450 200) 7.67 106 (mm3 )
6
6
3
d=8 mm Ast1 = 50.3 mm2 1.2
Wt =

s=

1.2 f yv Ast1 Acor

T 0.35 f tWt

1.2 1.2 300 50.3 60000

112.38 (mm)
14 106 0.35 1.27 7.67 106

110 mm
4
f yv Ast1ucor
300 50.3 1100
Astl =
= 1.2
= 603.6 (mm)
fy s
300 110
5

nAst1
2 50.3
100% =
100% = 0.46%
bs
200 110
f
1.27
= 0.28 t 100% = 0.28
100% = 0.12% < 0.46%
f yv
300

sv =

sv,min

1.27
T ft
T
100% = 0.6 2
100% = 0.36%
=2 tl,min = 0.6
Vb f y
300
Vb
Astl
604
100%=
100%=0.67% > 0.36%
bh
200 450

tl =

6
8@110 mm 6

107

12 Astl = 678 mm2 6.5

6.2 6.1 M50.6 kNm

M
50.6 106
s =
=
= 0.123
1 f c bh0 1 11.9 200 4152

1 + 1 2 s

= 0.934
2
M
50.6 106
As =
=
= 435 (mm 2 )
f y s h0 300 0.934 415
S

min = 0.2% As = 0.002bh = 0.002 200 450 = 180435 (mm2 )

2 12 226 mm2
435 mm2 226435661 mm2
2 162 14 710 mm2 6.6
8@110mm

12

12

8@110
8@110
22 12

22 12
14
22 16

200mm
200mm

200mm

6.5

450mm
450mm

12
450mm

22 12
12

6.1

6.6

6.2

6.5
6.1

6.2 t

108

6.3

7.1

qk l0
f =

5qk l04 5M k l02

=
384 B
48 B

(7.1

1
Mk M k = qk l02
8
B
EI

7.1.1

Bs
B

Bs

Bs =

Es As h02

6 E
1.15 + 0.2 +
1 + 3.5 f
E
E E = s
Ec

109

7.2

As

bh0

f f =

(bf b)hf
bf hf
bh0

hf > 0.2h0 hf = 0.2h0

< 0.2 =0.2 > 1.0
=1.0
f
7.3
= 1.1 0.65 tk
te sk
sk
Mk
sk =

0.87 As h0

7.1.2

B
Mk
B=
Bs
M q ( 1) + M k

7.4

M k M q

= 0 = 2.0 = 0
A
=1.6 = s
bh0
T 20%

7.1.3

110

7.1.4

7.5
f f lim
f lim 7.1
f B
7.1

l0 / 500

l0 / 600

l07 m

l0 / 200 ( l0 / 250 )

7m l0 9 m

l0 / 250 ( l0 / 300 )

l09 m

l0 / 300 ( l0 / 400 )

2
3 l0 2

7.2

max
7.6
max lim
lim 7.2
7.2

lim mm

lim mm

lim mm

0.30.4

0.2

0.2

0.2

1 60%

111

2
3
4lim0.2 mm

7.2.1

lcr

lcr
lcr = 1.9c + 0.08

d eq

7.7

te

te Ate
Ate = 0.5bh + (bf b) hf bf hf te < 0.01
te = 0.01
c
deq mm
d eq =

ni di2

n d
i i

7.8
i

d i i mm
ni i
i i 0.7 1.0

7.2.2

max

max = 2.1 sk lcr = 2.1 sk (1.9c + 0.08 eq )

7.9
te
Es
Es
sk 7.1.1

7.2.3

7.9 max 7.2 lim

112

7.3
7.3.1

50 100

7.3.2
1
7.3
7.3

JGJ 24

2 50 7.4
7.4

0.65
0.60
0.55
0.50

a
b

kg/m3
225
250
275
300

C20
C25
C30
C30

%
1.0
0.3
0.2
0.1

kg/m3

3.0
3.0
3.0

113

1
2 0.06% 300 kg/m3

3 25 kg/m3
4
5
6

3 100
C30
C40
0.06%
3.0 kg/m3;
40%

4 100

6
7

7.4
7.1
7.2
7.3

 8
8.1
8.1.1

0.20.3 mm
150250 N/mm2

8.1
8.1a 8.1b
8.1c

a
a

b
8.1

115

c
8.1

8.1.2

2
3

8.1.3

1
8.2

a
8.2

116

c
8.2

2
8.3

c
8.3

117

6 m

8.1.4
1

C30
C40

8.2
8.2.1

con

con

8.1
8.1

0.75fptk
0.70fptk

0.75fptk
0.65fptk

118

8.2.2

1
1 l1

l1
2 l 2

l 2
3 l 3

l 3
4 l 4

5 l 5
l 5

6 l 6

l 6
D3 m
2

8.2

8.2

l1 + l 3 + l 4

l1 + l 2

l5

l4 + l5 + l6

119

100 N/mm280 N/mm2

3

8.3

8.3.1

1
1

con
l1 l 3
lI
p = con lI


pcI E pcI

pI = con lI Ep pcI
Ep =

Ep
Ec

sI

8.1

120

sI = Es pcI
Es =

8.2

Es

Ec

8.4
pI Ap = pcI Ac + sI As

8.4

8.3

8.18.2
con lIAp
( con lI ) Ap
pcI =
=
Ac + Ep Ap + Es As
A0

8.4

A0 A0 = Ac + Ep Ap + Es As
Ac

Ap

II l

pII = con l Ep pcII

8.5

sII = l 5 + Es pcII

8.6

pII Ap = pcII Ac + sII As

8.7

8.5
8.68-7
( l ) Ap l 5 As
pcII = con
A0

8.8

pcII pII sII

121

0
Nu

ftk

0
Ncr

N0

Nu

Ncr

N0
pcII

pcI

8.3

8.3

122

2
1
lI

pI = con lI
8.9
pcI

sI = Es pcI

8.10

con lIAp = pcI Ac + sI As

8.9
8.10
lIAp ( con lI ) Ap
pcI = con
=
Ac + Es As
An

8.11

An

pII

pII = con lI lII = con l

8.12

pcII

sII = Es pcII + l 5
8.5

pcII =

8.5

( con l ) Ap - l 5 As
An

8.13

8.14

2
A0

8.4

ftk

pcII

pcI

pc

8.4

123

124

8.3.2

1
0 N f py Ap + f y As
8.15
f py f y
N
0

2

ck pcII 0

8.16

ck ck = N k / A0
N k

ck pcII f tk

8.17a

cq pcII 0

8.17b

f cu f cu

8.4
8.1

8.2
8.3
8.4

125

 9
9.1

2
3

9.2
l02
l01 l02 / l01 2 l02 l01 l02 / l012

129

9.2.1

(1.72.5) m 3 m (46) m
(58) m
3
1

9.2.2

1
2
3
4 10%

2 9.1
9.1
3

9.1

130

9.1

9.1

llnn
lcc

a 0.1lc

llnn
lcc

l0 = lc

a 0.05lc l0 = lc

a > 0.1lc l0 = 1.1ln

a > 0.05lc l0 = 1.05ln

llnn
lcc

llnn
llcc
l0 = lc

l0 = lc
llnn

h b
l0 = ln + +
2 2

bb

aa

llnn
l0 = lc 1.025ln +

bb

b
2

131

lnn
llcc

lnln
llcc

a 0.1lc l0 = lc

a 0.05lc l0 = lc

a > 0.1lc l0 = 1.1ln

a > 0.05lc l0 = 1.05ln

ln
llc

ln
lc

l0 = ln
hh

l0 = ln

llnn

bb

b
l0 = ln +
2

aa

llnn

bb

a
l0 = ln + 1.025ln
2

g=g+q/2q=q/2
9.1

g=g+q/4 q=3q/4
9.2
gq
gq

9.2.3

9.2

132

9.2

1
2

M max = k1 gl 2 + k2 ql 2

Vmax = k3 glV +k4 ql

9.3

M max = k5 Gl + k6 Ql

Vmax = k7 G +k8Q

k1k2 k5k6 1
k3k4 k7k8 1
l
10%

133

9.4

b
M = M c V0
9.5
2

b
V = Vc ( g + q)
9.6
2

V = Vc
9.7
M c Vc
V0
b

9.2.4

134

1
2
3

III

3
1
2
3

M=Mu
M

2
3
4

135

2 HRB335 HRB400 C 20 C 45
0.1 0.35

1 M e
2 M = (1 ) M e
0.2
3

1
M 1.02 M 0 - ( M l + M r )
2
M 0

9.8

M l , M r
4 M 0 l/3

4
1

M = m ( g + q)l02
9.9

M = m (G + Q )l0
g
q
G
Q
9.2

m 9.3
l0 9.1

9.10

136

9.2

9.3

A
1.5
2.7
3.8

I
2.2
3.0
4.1

B
1.5
2.7
3.8

II
2.7
3.0
4.5

C
1.6
2.9
4.0

III
2.7
3.0
4.8

A
0
-1/16
-1/24
-1/16

I
1/11
1/14
1/14

B
II
-1/10

-1/11

III

-1/14

-1/16

1/16

1 q/g0.3
2 1.10

V
V = v ( g + q )ln
9.11
V = v n(G + Q )

9.12

v 9.4
ln
n
9.4

A Am

0.45
0.50

Bex
Bm
0.60
0.55
0.55

Cex
Cm

0.55

0.55

2
M

137

M = m ( g + q )l 2 0
9.13
g q
m 9.3
l0 9.1

9.2.5

1
1
h 9.5
9.5

h l
h / l 1/35
h / l 1/40

h / l1 1/45

h / l =1/181/12
h / l =1/141/8
h / l =1/141/8

h / l1 1/50

h
60 mm
70 mm
80 mm
h80 mm
l1
h/b 1.53.0
50 mm

0.3%0.8%

0.8

2
6 8
10 12
9.3ab 9.3c

138

9.4

9.3

9.4

139

la

la

1
(46) m h / l =1/181/10 h / b =1.53.0
0.6%1.5%
T

20% q/g3
9.5

b
9.5

3
(58) m h / l =1/151/10 h / b =1.53.0


T

h0
h0 h -(5060) mmh0 h -(7080) mm
h

S = 2h1 + 3b 9.6

140

h1

h1

a
9.6

1 2 3

Fl 2 f y Asb sin + m n f yv Asv1

Fl
f y
f yv
Asb
Asv1
m
n

9.3
9.3.1

9.7 4.2 m
30 mm 20 mm
6 kN/m2
C25 HRB335 HPB235

9.14

9.7

9.3.2

141

1 9.8

9.8

1 hl/40=2 000/40=50 mm
60 mm h=80 mm

142

1
1
1
1
2 h = ( )l = ( ) 6 000
18 12
18 12
= (334 500) mm h = 400 mm
mm
b=200 mm
1 1
1 1
3 h = ( )l = ( ) 6 000
14 8
14 8
= (430 750) mm h = 650 mm
b=250 mm

9.3.3

1
30 mm
80 mm
20 mm

220.030.66(kN/m2)
250.082.00(kN/m2)
170.020.34(kN/m2)

gk2.99(kN/m2)
qk6(kN/m2)
p1.22.991.3611.39(kN/m2)

80
ll = 2 000 120 100 + = 1820(mm)
2
ln2 0002001 800(mm)
(1 8201 800)/1 8001.1% 10% 9.9
9.6

9.9

9
9.6

23

1
11

1/16

1/11

M = apl 2 (kN m)

1
11.39 1.822
11
= 3.43

143

1
11.39 1.82
16
= 2.31

1
11.39 1.822
11
= 3.43

C
1
14

1
11.39 1.82
14
= 2.64

3
1 m b1 000 mmh80 mmh0802060 mm HPB235
fy210 N/mm2C25 11fc11.9 N/mm2ft1.27 N/mm2
0.8
9.7 9.10
9.7

M/kN m

s =

M
1 f cbh02

= 1 1 2 s
As = bh0

fc
fy

23

3.43

-3.43

2.31

2.310.8

-2.64

-2.640.8

0.080

0.080

0.054

0.043

0.062

0.049

0.083

0.083

0.056

0.044

0.064

0.050

282

282

190.4

149.6

218

170

6@140

6@140

202

202

6/8@140
281

6/8@140
281

0.35 0.45

6/8@140
281

6@140
202

ft
1.27
bh0 = 0.45
1000 60 = 163.2 mm 2
fy
210

144

6/8@140 6/8@140 6/8@140

9.10

9.3.4

2.992.05.98 (kN/m)
250.2(0.40.08)1.6 (kN/m)
170.02(0.40.08)20.218 (kN/m)
gk7.798 (kN/m)
qk62.012 (kN/m)
p1.27.7981.31224.958 (kN/m)

2
250
240
120 +
= 5 875 (mm)
2
2

l06 0002505 750 (mm)

(5 875 5 750)
100% = 2.2%10% 9.11

5 750
9.8 9.9

l01 = 6 000

145

120120

125
6000

6000

B
5875

125

125

125

C
5750

C
5750

B
5750

5850

9.11
9.8

1/11

-1/11

1/16

M=pl2
(kN m)

1
24.958 5.8752
11
= 78.31

1
24.958 5.8752
11
= 78.31

1
24.958 5.752
16
= 51.57

9.9

V=pl(kN)

A
0.45
0.45 24.958 5.755
= 64.635

C
1

14
1
24.958 5.752
14
= 58.94

B
0.55
0.55 24.958 5.755
= 78.998

B
0.55
0.55 24.958 5.755
= 78.998

C
0.55
0.55 24.958 5.755
= 78.998

3
1 HRB335 fy300 N/mm2C25 fc11.9 N/mm2
T T
1
bf = 5 875 = 1 958 (mm) < b + Sn = 2 000 mm bf1 958 mm
3

146

1
bf = 5750 = 1917 (mm) < b + Sn = 2 000 mm bf = 1 917 mm
3
h0has40035365 (mm) hf80 mm
fc bf hf (h0hf/2)11.9191780(36580/2)593.12 kNm78.31 kNm
T 9.10
9.10

b f b / mm

1958

200

1917

200

M /kN m
M
s =
1 f cbh02

78.31

78.31

51.57

58.94

0.025

0.247

0.017

0.186

0.025

0.289

0.017

0.208

709

837

472

602

3 14
461

2 20
628

= 1 1 2 s
As = bh0

f
fc
As = bf h0 c
fy
fy

2 16+1
710

14

2 20+2
936

14

As minbh0.002200400160 mm2
2 HPB235fyv210 N/mm2C25 fc11.9 N/mm2

hw/b365/2001.834
0.25 bh0fc0.2520036511.9217.2 kNVB78.998 kN

9.11
9.11

V/kN

A
64.635

B
78.998

B
78.998

C
78.998

2
0

Ve = 0.7 f t bh

64.9

64.9

64.90

64.9

Asv
h0
S

30.12

30.12

30.12

30.12

95.02V

95.02V

95.02V

95.02V

Vs = 1.25 f yv

Ves = Ve + Vs

9.12

6@180

6@180

6@180

6@180

1920
1920
11 22 12 3

11

2 16
16 1
11 14
14 2
6000

33 33 14
14

44

400
400

1-1
1-1

3
4

8 66 180
180

5
8

5
8

2
200
200

44

6000

80
80
200
200

44

1920
1920

4
4
22 20 4

4 3 14
14
6

6000
6000

1920
1920

4
4
22 20 4

22 14 5
3 22 20
20 4

22

1920
1920

1920
1920

1920
1920

43 2

147

2-2
2-2

200
3-3
3-3

4
4
8
200
200

4-4
4-4

9.12

9.3.5

9.13

130

9.13

148

7.798646.788 (kN)
250.25(0.650.08)27.125 (kN)
170.02(0.650.08)220.775 (kN)
Gk54.688 (kN)
Qk12672 (kN)
G1.254.68865.63 (kN)
Q1.37293.6 (kN)

2
300 mm300 mm
300
= 5 600 (mm)
ln = 6 000 250
2
a b
370 300
l0 = ln + + = 5 600 +
+
= 5 935 (mm)
2 2
2
2
b
l0 = ln + + 0.025ln = 5 600 + 150 + 0.025 5 600 = 5 890 (mm)
2
l0 = 5 890 mm

ln = 6 000 300 = 5 700 (mm)

l0 = ln + b + 5 700 + 300 = 6 000 (mm)

(6 000 5 890)
100% = 1.9%10%

5 890

1 Mk1Gl0+k2Ql0
Gl065.635.89386.56 (kN m)
Ql093.65.89551.30 (kN m)
Gl065.636393.78 (kN m)
Ql093.66561.6 (kN m)

B
5.89 + 6
390.17 (kN m)
2
5.89 + 6
556.45 (kN m)
Ql093.6
2

Gl065.63

2 Vk3Gk4Q
1 9.12

A
B
Q= 93.6kN

G= 65.63kN

9.12
(kNm)

(kN)

149

150

M11M22 M12
9.14

9.14

3
1 T bf
l/36 000/32 000mm
bSn6 000 mm bf 2 000 mm h065035615
mm

fc hf bfh0hf/211.92 00080(61540)1 094.8 (kN m)

T

h065080570mm b300mm h065055

595mm
B
b
0.3
M = M V = 277.24 180.01
= 250.24 (kN m)
2
2
9.13 9.15
9.13

M(kN m)
bf b(mm)

253.65
2 000

250.24
250

138.7(-47.63)
2 000(250)

h0 (mm)

615

570

615(595)

0.028 2

0.259

0.015 4(0.045 2)

0.028 6

0.306

0.015 5(0.046 2)

1 395

1 730

756(273)

M
s = 2
bh0 f c

f
f
As = c bho As = c bf ho
fy
fy

(mm2)

2 22+2
1 388

20

C25fc=11.9 N/mm2 HPB335fy=300 N/mm2

2 22+3
1 701

20

2 18+1 20(2
823.2(760)

22)

151

9.15

2B h0570 mm
0.25bfc h00.2525011.9570423.94 kNVB 205.86 kN
9.15
9.15

V (kN)
V/bh0 f c

A
129.17
0.070.25

B
205.86
0.120.25

B
180.01
0.1060.25

Vc = 0.7bh0 f t (kN)

8@250
136.7

8@250
136.7

8@250
136.7

65

65

65

201.7V

Asv
h0 (kN)
S
Vcs = Vc + Vs (kN)

Vs = 1.25 f yv

201.7V

201.7V

(mm2)
Vsb = 0.8 f y Asb sin (kN)

1 20(314.2)
55.09

1 20(314.2)
55.09

V = Vcs + Vsb (kN)

256.85V

256.85V

C25fc=11.9 N/mm2 HPB235fy=210 N/mm2 HRB335fy=300 N/mm2 =45

152

3
F1.246.7881.372149.75 kN
HRB335 45
F
149.75 103
Asb
=
= 353 mm 2
2 f y sin 2 300 0.707
2

16 Asb 402 mm2

9.16

120
120

210

8@250

9.16

9.3.6

153

9.5

1GB 500092001

GB 500102002

4
5

9.4
9.4.1

9.17

b
9.17

154

9.4.2

1
1/30
2
2

9.15
m pl012
m (kNm/m)
p (kN/m 2 )
l01 (m)

2 v0 v0

mv1 = m1 + m2
9.16

mv 2 = m2 + m1
v0.2
2

lmin / lmax
0.75
1
9.18
q
q
g +
2
2
9.18a9.18b g q

155

IIII
a

II
9.18

9.4.3

1 20%
l
2 b 1.5 20%
l0
l
1.5 b 2.0 10% l0 lb
l0

156

h01 = h -20(mm) h02 = h -30(mm) h

2
80 mm
h

l01

h
1

l01
45

h
1

l01 50

l01 l02 3

l01/4

l02-l01/2

l01

l01/4

l01/2

l01/4

l01 /4

9.19

l01/4

l02
9.19

9.4.4

157

9.20

5
pe = p
9.17
8

pe = (1 2 21 + 31 ) p
9.18
l01
l01
p = p = ( g + q)
2
2
gp
l01 l02

9.20

9.5
1

2
1

158

2
3
4
5 MV

3
1 9.21

9.21

2
qk=4.0 kN/mm2
20 mm 20 kN/m3
25 kN/m3
15 mm 17 kN/m3
3
C30
HRB335 HPB235

9.6
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
9.5

159

 10
10.1
10.1.1

10.1

10.1

JGJ3200210 10
28 m 9 9
28 m
3

10.1.2

 10

161

1
10.2

b
10.2

10.2a
6 m6.6 m6.9 m 2.4 m2.7 m3.0 m
10.2b 6 m7.5 m
9 m12 m
10.2c
(7.5+7.5+12.0+7.5+7.5) m6.0 m(9.0+9.0+12.0+9.0+9.0)m6.0 m

10.3

10.3

162

1
10.4a

b
10.4

2
10.4b

3
10.4c

 10

163

10.2

10.2.1

1
1 hb
l

1
1
hb = ( )l
10 18

1
1
hb = ( )l
14 18
2 bb
hb

1
1
bb = ( )hb
2 2.5

164

T
1
1
)hb
2.5 4

bb = (

2 Ac
Ac

Ac (1.11.2) N / f c
N
f c

Ac hc bc
300 mm 4
2

10.2.2

10.5

a
10.5

 10

165

10.6

10.6

4
I b

I b = 2.0 I 0
I b = 1.5 I 0

I b = 1.5 I 0
I b = 1.2 I 0
I 0 I 0 =

bb hb 3

12

166

I0
I c I c =

bc hc3

12

10.3

10.3.1

10.1

10.1

1
23
45

1.00.9 0.85
0.70

A 25m 2

10.3.2

68

920

>20

0.65

0.60

0.55

 10

167

k = z z s w0

10.1

k kN/m
2

z z
s
z
0 kN/m2
1 0
30 10

2 z

z
30 m 1.5 z 1.0
3 z

z z 10.2
10.2

5m

10m

15m 20m 30m 40m 50m 60m

1.17

1.38

1.52

1.63

1.80

1.92

2.03

2.12

1.00

1.00

1.14

1.25

1.92

1.56

1.67

1.77

0.74

0.74

0.74

0.84

2.03

1.13

1.25

1.35

0.62

0.62

0.62

0.62

2.12

0.73

0.84

0.93

4 s

Y
10.7

168

10.7

10.8
F33
F
FF22
FF11

10.8

40 m
GB 500112001

10.4

 10

169

10.4.1

1
2

1 10.9

10.9

2 0.9
3 1/2
1/3
4

170

10.1 10.10 M
EI

i =
l
1
1 0.9 10.11

10.10

10. 1

(7.63)

0.353

0.175 0.472

0.864 0.136

7.32
-6.32
-1.66
1.43
0.77

G -13.13
0.41
4.78

-7.32
-3.16
-1.23 -3.32
0.72
-0.20 -0.54
-1.43 -13.62

13.13
4.38
-2.48
0.42
-0.40
15.05

8.77
-1.24
0.83
-4.78

1/3

1.59

1/3

D
10.12

-0.48

G
7.63
= 0.668
7.63 + 3.79
3.79
=
= 0.332
7.63 + 3.79

GH =

GD

10.12

0.332 0.668
4.36

10.11

2 =

H (10.21)

(1.61)

(3.79)

(3.79)

I
-1.00
0.23
-0.77

1/3

F -0.26

 10

171

7.63
= 0.353
7.63 + 3.79 + 10.21
3.79
=
= 0.175
7.63 + 3.79 + 10.21
10.21
=
= 0.472
7.63 + 3.79 + 10.21

HG =
HE
HI
I

10.21
= 0.864
1.61 + 10.21
1.61
IF =
= 0.136
1.61 + 10.21

IH =

3
GH
M GH = M HG =

ql 2
2.8 7.5 7.5
=
= 13.13 (kN m)
12
12

M HI = M IH =

ql 2
2.8 5.6 5.6
=
= 7.32 (kN m)
12
12

HI

1/2 1/3 10.12

2

1 0.9
10.13
G

10.13

2 =

10.14

172

-0.45 HH
-0.45

1.20 G

-0.20 II
-0.20

0.186 0.348 0.466

0.308 0.123 0.156 0.413

0.709 0.089 0.202

E
17.81
-8.89
4.15
-3.15
-3.05 -1.21 -1.56 -4.10
0.73
0.36
-0.33 -0.13 -0.17 -0.46
18.94 -1.34 -1.73 -15.87

8.89
-6.30
-2.05
1.46
2.00

3.31 6.20
0.28 0.54
3.59 6.74

-17.81
8.30
-1.53
0.71
-10.33

-0.79 -1.80
0.18 0.41
-0.61 -1.39

1/2

1/2

1/2

3.37

B
10.14

-0.87

-0.70

D
3.79
= 0.186
(3.79 + 9.53 + 7.11)
9.53
7.11
=
= 0.466 DA =
= 0.348
(3.79 + 9.53 + 7.11)
(3.79 + 9.53 + 7.11)

DG =

DE
E

9.53
= 0.308
(9.53 + 12.77 + 3.79 + 4.84)
12.77
=
= 0.413
(9.53 + 12.77 + 3.79 + 4.84)
3.79
=
= 0.123
(9.53 + 12.77 + 3.79 + 4.84)
4.84
=
= 0.156
(9.53 + 12.77 + 3.79 + 4.84)

ED =
EF
EH
EB
F

12.77
= 0.709
(1.61 + 12.77 + 3.64)
1.61
3.64
=
= 0.089 FC =
= 0.202
(1.61 + 12.77 + 3.64)
(1.61 + 12.77 + 3.64)

FE =

FI

 10

173

3
DE
M DE = M ED =

ql 2
3.8 7.5 7.5
=
= 17.81 (kN m)
12
12

M EF = M FE =

ql 2
3.4 5.6 5.6
=
= 8.89 (kN m)
12
12

EF

1/2 1/3 10.14

3

10.12 10.14

10.15
15.21
-5.58

0.94

5.58

19.08 -1.8
-15.67

-11.07
6.19

3.10

-0.94

-0.84 2.18
-1.34
-1.76 -1.65

4.88

-0.83

10.15

10.4.2

-13.41

-0.67

1
2

174

3
1/2

5
10.2 10.1
i
1 =
10.16
i

GH =

7.63
4.21
= 0.644 GD =
= 0.356
(7.63 + 4.21)
(7.63 + 4.21)

H
7.63
= 0.346
(7.63 + 4.21 + 10.21)
4.21
10.21
=
= 0.191 HI =
= 0.463
(7.63 + 4.21 + 10.21)
(7.63 + 4.21 + 10.21)

HG =

HE
I

IH =

10.21
1.79
= 0.851 IF =
= 0.149
(1.79 + 10.21)
(1.79 + 10.21)

D
4.21
= 0.202
(4.21 + 9.53 + 7.11)
9.53
7.11
=
= 0.457 DA =
= 0.341
(4.21 + 9.53 + 7.11)
(4.21 + 9.53 + 7.11)

DG =

DE
E

9.53
= 0.304
(9.53 + 12.77 + 4.21 + 4.84)
12.77
4.21
EF =
= 0.408 EH =
= 0.134
(9.53 + 12.77 + 4.21 + 4.84)
(9.53 + 12.77 + 4.21 + 4.84)
4.84
EB =
= 0.154
(9.53 + 12.77 + 4.21 + 4.84)
F
12.77
FE =
= 0.702
(1.79 + 12.77 + 3.64)

ED =

 10

175

3.64
1.79
= 0.09 FC =
= 0.200
(1.79 + 12.77 + 3.64)
(1.79 + 12.77 + 3.64)
2
GH
ql 2
2.8 7.5 7.5
=
= 13.13 (kN m)
M GH = M HG =
12
12
HI
ql 2
2.8 5.6 5.6
=
= 7.32 (kN m)
M HI = M IH =
12
12
DE
ql 2
3.8 7.5 7.5
=
= 17.81 (kN m)
M DE = M ED =
12
12
EF
ql 2
3.4 5.6 5.6
=
= 8.89 (kN m)
M EF = M FE =
12
12
3

1/2 10.16

FI =

0.356
0.356 0.644

G
G -13.13
-13.13
4.67
1.80
-0.28
-0.28
6.19

0.191 0.463
HH -7.32
-7.32
-1.11 -2.69
-3.12
-0.60 -3.12
-0.10 -0.23
-13.36
-1.81 -13.36

0.346
13.13
-2.01
4.23
-0.18
15.17

8.46
8.46
-1.01
-1.01
-0.51
-0.51
-6.19
-6.19

0.202 0.341 0.457

0.304
0.304 0.134 0.154 0.408

D -17.81
-17.81
D
8.14
6.07
3.60 6.07
8.14
-1.36
2.34
-0.20 -0.33 -0.45
5.74 5.74
5.74 -11.48

17.81
17.81 E
-2.71 -1.20
4.07
4.07 -0.56
-0.12
-0.05
-0.12-0.05
19.05
-1.81
19.05-1.81

1/2

2.87

-8.89
-1.37
-1.37 -3.64
-3.12
-0.06 -0.16
-0.06
-1.43-15.81
-15.81
-1.43

0.851
7.32 I
7.32
-6.23
-6.23
-1.35
1.52
1.26

0.149

0.702 0.098 0.200
8.89 FF
8.89
-6.24 -0.87 -1.78
-1.82 -0.55
-0.55
-1.82
1.67
1.67 0.23 0.47
2.50 -1.19 -1.31
-1.31
2.50

1/2

1/2

BB -0.72

AA

10.16

-1.09
-0.44
0.27
-1.26
-1.26

CC -0.66

176

4
10.17
15.17
-13.36
-6.19
6.19

1.26
-1.26

-11.48

19.05 -1.81
-15.81
-1.91

5.74
-1.81 -1.43

5.74

2.87

-0.72

10.17

2.5
-1.31

-0.66

10.5
D

10.5.1

10.18 10.19

1 ib ic
2 2/3

 10

177

10.18

10.19

ib ic 3

1
Vij
Dij Dij

uij = 1

12iij

uij = 1

hij2

Dij =

10.20
Dij
12iij
hij2

Dij i j
iij i j
10.20

h i j

1 Vi
n m i

10.21
m

j =1

k =i

Vi = Vi1 + L + Vij + L + Vim = Vij = Fk

Vi i
Vij i j

178

Fk

10.21

2 Vij
Vij =

Dij

2
3
L m )
Vi ( j = 1

D
j =1

ij

3
Vij 2

M c1t j = V1 j

h1 j
3

M c1b j = V1 j

2h1 j
3

M ctij = M cbij = Vij

t
c1 j

b
c1 j

hij
2

M cijt
M cijb

4
10.22 3

 10

M bl =

179

ibl
ir
( M cu + M cl ) M br = l b r ( M cu + M cl )
r
i + ib
ib + ib
l
b

M bl M br
M cuM cl
ibl ibr
M cl

ibr

ibl

M bl

M br

M cu
10.22

10.3 10.23
i (108 N mm )

74kN

(3.0)
L
(0.9)

G
(0.9)

(0.7)
(7.2)

80.7kN

M
(0.9)

(3.6)
K
(0.8)

F
(0.8)

(0.6)

A
3.0

10.23

7.8m

10.3

1 Vi
V3 = 37 (kN)
V2 = 37 + 74 = 111(kN)
V1 = 37 + 74 + 80.7 = 191.7 (kN)

3.6m

(0.7)
(5.1)

3.9m

H
(0.6)

3.3m

(2.4)

(4.5)

37kN

180

2 Vij

Dij
12iij / hi2
iij
Vij = m
Vi = m
Vi = m Vi
Dij
12iij / hi2 iij
j =1

j =1

j =1

0.7
37 = 11.77 (kN)
(0.7 + 0.6 + 0.9)
0.6
=
37 = 10.09 (kN)
(0.7 + 0.6 + 0.9)
0.9
=
37 = 15.14 (kN)
(0.7 + 0.6 + 0.9)

VDC =
VHG
VML

0.7
111 = 31.08 (kN)
(0.7 + 0.9 + 0.9)
0.9
= VLK =
111 = 39.96 (kN)
(0.7 + 0.9 + 0.9)

VCB =
VGF

0.6
191.7 = 52.28 (kN)
(0.6 + 0.8 + 0.8)
0.8
= VKJ =
191.7 = 69.71 (kN)
(0.6 + 0.8 + 0.8)

VBA =
VFE

1
3.3 = 1.65 (m)
2

1
3.6 = 1.8 (m)
2

2
3.9 = 2.6 (m)
3
10.3

 10

10.3

181

MBA

MFE

MKJ

MCB

MGF

MLK

MDC

MHG

MML

kN m

67.96

90.61

90.61

55.94

71.93

71.93

19.42

16.65

24.98

MAB

MEF

MJK

MBC

MFG

MKL

MCD

MGH

MLM

kN m

135.93

181.22

181.22

55.94

71.93

71.93

19.42

16.65

24.98

4
D
M DH = M DC = 19.42 (kN m)
H
4.5
M HG = 0.652 16.65 = 10.86 (kN m)
(4.5 + 2.4)
2.4
=
M HG = 0.348 16.65 = 5.79 (kN m)
(4.5 + 2.4)

M HD =
M HM
M

M MH = M ML = 24.98 (kN m)

C
M CG = M CD + M CB = 19.42 + 55.94 = 75.36 (kN m)
G
5.1
( M GH + M GF ) = 0.63(16.65 + 71.93) = 55.81 (kN m)
(5.1 + 3.0)
3.0
=
( M GH + M GF ) = 0.37(16.65 + 71.93) = 32.77 (kN m)
(5.1 + 3.0)

M GC =
M GL
L

M LG = M LM + M LK = 24.98 + 71.93 = 96.91 (kN m)

B
M BF = M BA + M BC = 67.96 + 55.94 = 123.9 (kN m)
F
7.2
( M FE + M FG ) = 0.667(90.61 + 71.93) = 108.36 (kN m)
(7.2 + 3.6)
3.6
=
( M FE + M FG ) = 0.333(90.61 + 71.93) = 54.18 (kN m)
(7.2 + 3.6)

M FB =
M FK

182

K
M KF = M KJ + M KL = 90.61 + 71.93 = 162.54 (kN m)

5 10.24
19.42

24.98

96.91
24.98

16.65
32.77

75.36

71.93

162.54
108.36
90.61

67.96
71.93
54.14

135.93

181.22

90.61
71.93
3.9 m

55.94
123.90

3.6 m

55.81
71.93

55.94

3.3 m

5.79

19.42

19.42

24.98

10.86 16.65

181.22
7.8 m

3.0 m

10.24

10.5.2

D
1 D

Dij =

12iij
hij2

= 1 10.4

 10
10.4

i2

i1 i2

ic
i4

ic
i3 i4

i2

i1 i2

ic

183

ic

K=

i1 + i2 + i3 + i4
2ic

K
2+ K

K=

i1 + i24
2ic

0.5 + K
2+ K

yh = ( y0 + y1 + y2 + y3 )h
yh
y0
y1
y2y3
1 y0
y0

3-1 3-2 K 10.4

2 y1

y1
3-3 y1 = 0
3 y2y3

y2 3-4
y3 3-4
y2 = 0 y3 = 0

184

10.4 10.25
i (108 N mm ) D

1 Vi
V2 = 100 kN

V1 = 100 + 80 = 180 ( kN)

2 Dij Dij 10.5

10.5

Dij N/mm

7.5 + 7.5
= 1.271
2 5.9

1.271
= 0.389
2 + 1.271

0.389

12 5.9 108
= 212.509
36002

2(7.5 + 9)
= 2.797
2 5.9

2.797
= 0.583
2 + 2.797

0.583

12 5.9 108
= 318.91
36002

9.0 + 9.0
= 1.525
2 5.9

1.525
= 0.433
2 + 1.525

0.433

12 5.9 108
= 236.546
36002

7.5
= 1.596
4.7

0.5 + 1.596
= 0.583
2 + 1.596

0.583

12 4.7 108
= 162.376
45002

7.5 + 9.0
= 3.511
4.7

0.5 + 3.511
= 0.728
2 + 3.511

0.728

12 4.7 108
= 202.761
45002

9.0
= 1.915
4.7

0.5 + 1.915
= 0.617
2 + 1.915

0.617

12 4.7 108
= 171.846
45002

ij

N/mm

767.546

536.983

3 3-1 3-4 10.6

10.6

A
m = 2n = 2y0 = 0.41

B
m = 2n = 2y0 = 0.45

C
m = 2n = 2y0 = 0.43

y1 = 0y2 = 0y3 = 0

y1 = 0y2 = 0y3 = 0

y1 = 0y2 = 0y3 = 0

y = y0 + y1 + y2 + y3 = 0.41

y = y0 + y1 + y2 + y3 = 0.45

y = y0 + y1 + y2 + y3 = 0.43

m = 2n = 1y0 = 0.57

m = 2n = 1y0 = 0.55

m = 2n = 1y0 = 0.55

y1 = 0y2 = 0y3 = 0

y1 = 0y2 = 0y3 = 0

y1 = 0y2 = 0y3 = 0

y = y0 + y1 + y2 + y3 = 0.57

y = y0 + y1 + y2 + y3 = 0.55

y = y0 + y1 + y2 + y3 = 0.55

 10

185

4 Vij 10.7
10.7

B
C
A

Dij

Vi kN

M ijb = Vij yh kNm

M iju = Vij (1 y )h kNm

0.41

27.687 0.41 3.6 = 40.866

27.687 0.59 3.6 = 58.807

0.45

41.495 0.45 3.6 = 67.222

41.495 0.55 3.6 = 82.160

0.43

30.818 0.43 3.6 = 47.706

30.818 0.57 3.6 = 62.239

0.57

54.429 0.57 4.5 = 139.610

54.429 0.43 4.5 = 105.320

0.55

67.967 0.55 4.5 = 168.218

67.967 0.45 4.5 = 137.633

0.55

57.604 0.55 4.5 = 142.570

57.604 0.45 4.5 = 116.648

ij

A
2

Vij =

B
C

212.509
100 = 27.687
767.546
318.491
100 = 41.495
767.546
236.546
100 = 30.818
767.546
162.376
180 = 54.429
536.983
202.761
180 = 67.967
536.983
171.846
180 = 57.604
536.983

5
10.8
10.8

M bl / kN m

AB 58.807
2

BC

9.0
82.16
7.5 + 9.0
= 44.815

40.866+105.320
AB
=146.186
1

BC

M br / kN m
7.5
82.16
7.5 + 9.0
= 37.345
63.239
7.5

7.5 + 9.0
(67.222 + 137.633)
= 93.116

9.0

47.706+116.648
7.5 + 9.0
(67.222 + 137.633) =164.354
= 111.739

6 10.26

Vb / kN

(58.807 + 37.345)
7.2
= 13.354
(44.815 + 63.239)

6.0
= 18.009

N A / kN

N B / kN

N C / kN

(146.186 + 93.116)
7.2
= 33.236

13.354

(18.009
13.354) 18.009
= 4.655

(111.739 + 164.354)
6.0
= 46.016

[(46.016
(13.354
18.009
33.236)
+33.236)
+46.016
+4.655]=
=64.025
= 46.590
17.435

186

10.25

10.4

10.26

10.6
10.6.1

10.27

10.28

a
10.27

a
10.28

Vi

 10

187

ui =

Vi
m

ij

j =1

ui i
Vi i
Dij i j

u
n

u = ui
i =1

10.6.2

10.7
10.7.1

1
S = G SGk + Q1 SQ1k
n

S = G SGk + 0.9 Qi SQik

i =1

2
n

S = G SGk + Qi ci SQik
i =1

188

G
1.2 1.35
1.0 0.9
Qi 1.4
SGk
SQik

ci 0.6 0.7

10.7.2

10.29

10.29

10.7.3

Mmax
Vmax
Mmax
Mmax

 10

189

Mmax

1 M max N V
2 N max M V
3 N min M V
4 V max N M

10.7.4

1.11.2

10.7.5

0.80.9
0.70.8

1.11.2

190

M 1M 2 M 0 M
M 1 + M 2

10.30

+ M 0 M

10.7.6

l0

l0 = 1.0 H l0 = 1.25H

l0 = 1.25H l0 = 1.5 H

1/3

l0 = 0.7 H l0 = 1.0 H
H H

10.8

 10

191

j j 0.35
3

250 mm

10.31

0.7 la la 4.53

a b c
10.31

10.32

10.33

192

10.32

a
10.33

10.34

b
10.34

 10

193

10.9
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
10.5

10.10

10.1 10.35 M

10.35

10.1

10.36

10.2

10.2 D 10.36 M

 11
11.1
11.1.1

z
z 11.1
z 11.1 11.2

11.1

b
11.2

 11

11.1.2

195

11.3

11.3

123456
789101112
131415

196

4 m 6 m
F
3

12 m

60 m

18 m

 11

197

50
5

18 m 1830 m 30 m
1/3 1.2 m

2
1

350 mm350 mm
h600 mmHe/25He

b350 mm 11.4
2
3555

198

a
11.4

123456
78910
112

16 121314

11.5

 11

11.5

199

3
1

15 m

100 mm

11.6

11.6

200

4
1

15 15.4.3

11.1.3

1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2

1 11.7

 11

201

11.7

2 11.5

202

11.1.4

18 m
30M 18 m 60M 60M
60M 11.8
11.9

11.8

B
B

B
B

A
A

A
A

500
500
6000
6000
11

6000
6000
22

33

500
500
6000
6000

6000
6000

6000
6000
44

a
11.9

55

11

6000
6000
2

12000
12000
33

55

 11

203

300 mm 200 mm

H
500 mm
H u 200 mm
H l H H u

11.2
11.2.1

6 m 11.10 a
11.10b

a
11.10

204

b
11.10

2
1
2
3
11.10

11.2.2

1
Gl
150 mm Gl
el e2e2 Gl
Glel Gl e2 11.11

2
G2G3
G2 e2
G2e2 G3
11.11
G4
12 kN/m G4
750 mmG4

 11

205

e4 G4 G4 e4 11.12

11.11

G2
G4

G2e2
G4e4

G2e2
G4e4

G3

G3
A
11.12

G2
G4

2
3

1
Sk(kN/m2)
Sk=rSo
11.1

206

So(kN/m2) 50

0.5 kN/m2
3

HHu u

3
1 DmaxDmin
2 Tmax
3
12 11.13 3

Dmax
D
max

Mmin
min
M

H
H11

H
H

Mmax
M
max

min
TT Dmin

AA

11.13

BB

1
Pmax, k Pmin, k

Pmax, k Pmin, k
Pmax, k
Pmin, k 11.14

 11

11.14

207

Pmax, k Pmin, k

G + G2,k + G3,k
11.2
Pmin,k = 1,k
Pmax,k
2

2
4
11.1

11.1

2
4

0.9
0.8

0.95
0.85

Dmax Dmin

Dmax Dmin

Dmax 11.15
Dmax= Pi max yi

Dmin = Pi min yi

PimaxPimin i
yi

11.3

208

P1kmax

P1kmax

P2kmax

B1

B2

K1

K2

11.15

y4

y3

6000

y1=1

y2

6000

P2kmax

PmaxPmin B K
11.15 B1K1 1 B2
K2 2 C P1max P2max
B K1B2 K 2
C= 1
+
2
2
MmaxMmin
Dmax(Dmin)
Mmax=Dmaxe4
11.4
Mmin=Dmine4
e4 DmaxDminMmaxMmin
DmaxMmax B
DminMmin A
2

4
T
11.5
T=(G3k +G2k)/4 (kN)
G3k(t)
G2k(t)

 11

209

G3k10t =12%
G3k=1550 t =10%
G3k75 t =8%
=20%

Tmax Dmax
11.6
Tmax= Ti yi
4
10 10.1
q1q2
FW 11.16
z

10.1 z
z

H11
H

HHuu

FFww

q2
qq11
BB

AA

11.16

11.2.3

210

8
1G1G2G3G4 G5

2Q1
3 Dmax A Dmin B
4 Dmin A Dmax B
5 Tmax AB
6 Tmax AB
7q1q2FW
8q1q2FW

1
11.17
H3
1
H3
[1 + 3 ( 1)] =
u =
11.7
3Ec I l
n
C0 Ec I l
=

Hu
I
n = u C0 =
H
Il

3
1
1 + 3 ( 1)
n

11.17

C0 11.2

1
1

u
u

 11

11.18 Vi =

211

n
n
1
1
u Vi =
u u
u

u
1
1

= u
1

=F

u=

F
n

1
1 u
i

1
u
1
Vi =
u = n i F = i F i =
1
u
1 u
i

1
ui

n
1
1 u
i

11.8

i i i

ui= u

u1= u

un= u

F
V1

V1

11.18

Vi

Vi

Vn

Vn

2
11.19 3

R R

212

R 11.2
RB

RA
Tmax Tmax

c
RARB

a
Tmax Tmax

RARB
Tmax Tmax

11.19
11.2

H
EI x C0

C0 =

HHXX

HHS S

11

3
1
1 + ( 1)
n
3

M
C1
H
M
= C1 = R
H
R=

1
1 2 (1 )
3
n
C1 =
2 1 + 3 ( 1 1)
n
M
R = C2
H
M
= R = C2
H
3
1 2
C2 =
2 1 + 3 ( 1 1)
n

 11

213

= R = C3 RT

0.8H u

RT

RT

n =

0.112
+ 0.4)
n
C3 =
1

2 1 + 3 ( 1)
n

R = C4 q H
2 2.4 + 3 (

R = C3 RT

= R = C4 qH
q

3 1 + 4 ( 1)
n

C4 =

3 1
8 1 + ( 1)
n

Is
H
= s IsIxHHs
Ix
H

11.19

1 11.20
11
1
1
11
2
2
22
22
33
33
3
33
3
3
2

11.20

+++ 0.9 +

214

3
I 4 M max
NVM min NVN max MVN min MV
Mmax N V
4

Dmax Dmin

Tmax

Dmax Tmax Tmax

Dmax Dmin Tmax Tmax
Dmax Dmin

M max NV N min MV N0 M0
M
N
Mmax M N
6

11.3
11.3.1

5 7

 11

215

11.3

11.3

l 0

1.5H
1.25 H
2.0 H u
1.0Hl
2.0Hl

1.0H
1.2 H
1.0H
1.2 H
1.25Hu
1.5Hu
0.8Hl
1.0Hl
1.0Hl

1 H Hl
Hu
2

3 Hu/Hl0.3 Hu /Hl<0.3 2.5Hu

11.3.2

11.21

b
11.21

a ah0
a h0 h0

1

h

216

Fvk (1 0.5

Fhk f tk bh0
)
Fvk 0.5 + a
h0

11.9

Fvk
Fhk
Fhk =0.2Fvk
0.65
0.70 0.80
a 20 mm a<0 a0
h0
c 11.23 c170 mm

11.22

11.23

45
11.23 c100 mm 0
h1 h / 3 200 mm
Fvk
0.75fc

Fvk
0.75 f c
11.10
A
Fvk
A
fc

2
11.22
As

 11

As =

Fv a
F
+ 1.2 h
fy
0.85 f y h0

217

11.11

Fv
Fh
a a0.3h0 a0.3h0

HRB335 HRB400 12 mm
f
= As / bh 0.2% 0.45 t % 0.6%
fy

4 2
11.24

11.24

612 mm 100150 mm
2h0 / 3

1/2 1/ 2
a
0.3 HRB335 HRB400
h0

218

l
l
11.24 l
6
2

Asb As 1/ 2 2

11.3.3

max 0.2 mm

11.25

11.25

11.4

11.26

11.26

 11

11.4.1

219

1
1 a2 300 mm 300
500 mm 1.52
2 100 mm
100 mm C15
3 C20 HRB335
HPB235 10 mm 200 mm
3 m 0.9LL
40 mm 70 mm
2

1 h1
h1 50 mm
(h150) mm 11.4
la h1
0.05()
11.4

h<500
h 1.2h

h 1 mm

I
500800
800l 000
0.9h
h
800

h>1 000
0.8h
1 000

1
2
( ) ha
3
3
(1.51.8)hb

1d ha hb
2h1 2h 2dh1

2 a1 t

11.5

220

11.5

hmm
h500
500h800
800h1 000
1 000h1 500
1 500h2 000

mm
150
200
200
250
300

tmm
150200
200
300
350
400

1
2
3
70%

3
t
0.65
h2
t
t
0.75 0.5 0.65
h2
h2
11.6

11.6
mm
mm

11.4.2

h1 000
810

1 000h1 500
1012

1 500h2 000
1216

1
2
3
4
1
fa
fa
fak

1
F + Gk
fa
11.12
pk = k
A

 11

221

Fk
Gk Gk m Ad
m m=20 kN/m3d
A
fa kN/m2
pk kN/m2

Fk +m A d f a A
Fk
A
fa m d

11.13

b= l = A

11.14

Fk + Gk M k
+
11.15
A
W
F + Gk M k

11.16
pk,min = k
A
W
M k
1
W W = lb 2
6
pk,maxpk,min

pk, max =

AA b l
l b
11.16
11.17
F + Gk
6M k
max
= k
Pkk,,min
1

lb ( Fk + Gk )b

11.17

e=

Mk

Fk + Gk

k,max
=
Pk,min

11.18 e

F +G
6e
(1 )
lb
b

11.18

b
pk,min 0
6

222

b
pk,min 0 11.27
6
pk, min

2( Fk + Gk )
11.19
3la
l
a
b

1.21.4
b
A = bl 1.52.0
l

p
+ pkmin
fa
11.20
pk = kmax
2
pkmax 1.2 f a
11.21
pk,max =

MC

VC
M

pmax

FG
V

(a)

(c)

b
FG
eb/6

pmax

pmax

11.27

FG
eb/6

(b)

Nc

3a
FGeb/6

pmax

 11

223

45 11.29

Fl 0.7 hp f t bm h0
11.22
Flps A
11.23
b + bb
bm= t
11.24
2
hp h800 mm hp =1.0 h
2 000 mm hp =0.9

bt

bb

h0
A 11.28 ABCDEF
11.24 Fl A 45

ps
pn
11.23

11.29

224

11.28

a b

l2

11.29

 11

225

1
pn (b hc ) 2 (2l + bc )
11.25
24
1
M II II =
pn (l bc ) 2 (2b + hc )
11.26
24
MI-IMII-II IIIIII
l b
pn 11.29b

MI-I pn =
pn,max + pnI
p
+ pn,min
MII-II pn = n,max

2
2
II IIII
M1
As1 =
11.27
0.9h01 f y

M II =

As2 =

M2
0.9h02 f y

11.28

h01h02 II IIII

11.5
11.1
11.2
11.3
11.4

11.6

11.1 6 m Q300/50 kN
11.7
11.7

11.1

t m kNkNkN mmmm
30/5
22.5
297
107.6
370
5 000
6 260

11.2

6 m 00.35 kN/m2

226

11.30

11.30

11.2

11.3 11.31 Q200/50 kN

l16.5 m pmax=202 kNpmin=60 kNB=5 600 mmK4 400 mm
I1/I20.144Hu/H0.26 A

a
c
11.31

11.3

 13
13.1

13.1.1

12

1
13.1
=
2
e

1 1
1
1 + 12 +

12 0
h

0 13.2
1
13.2
0 =
1 + 2
3 0 1
M5 0.001 5
M2.5 0.002 0 0.009

13.1.2

N fA

13.3

 13

239

N
e 13.113.3
f 12.212.4
A
13.3
1

H0
h

13.4a

H0
hT

13.4b

1
1.1
1.2 1.5
H0 15.4
h
hTT 3.5 i
i
2 e

GB 500032001
e 0.6yy

240

13.1 M5

3
4
6
8
10

0
1
0.98
0.95
0.91
0.87

0.025
0.99
0.95
0.91
0.86
0.82

0.05
0.97
0.90
0.86
0.81
0.76

0.075
0.94
0.85
0.81
0.76
0.71

0.1
0.89
0.80
0.75
0.70
0.65

0.125
0.84
0.74
0.69
0.64
0.60

12
14
16
18
20

0.82
0.77
0.72
0.67
0.62

0.77
0.72
0.67
0.62
0.57

0.71
0.66
0.61
0.57
0.53

0.66
0.61
0.56
0.52
0.48

0.60
0.56
0.52
0.48
0.44

0.55
0.51
0.47
0.44
0.40

22
24
26
28
30

0.58
0.54
0.50
0.46
0.42

0.53
0.49
0.46
0.42
0.39

0.49
0.45
0.42
0.39
0.36

0.45
0.41
0.38
0.36
0.33

0.41
0.38
0.35
0.33
0.31

0.38
0.35
0.33
0.30
0.28

e/he/hT
0.15 0.175
0.73
0.79
0.64
0.69
0.59
0.64
0.54
0.59
0.50
0.55

0.2
0.68
0.58
0.54
0.50
0.46

0.225
0.62
0.53
0.49
0.46
0.42

0.25
0.57
0.49
0.45
0.42
0.39

0.275
0.52
0.45
0.42
0.39
0.36

0.3
0.48
0.41
0.38
0.36
0.33

0.51
0.47
0.44
0.40
0.37

0.47
0.43
0.40
0.37
0.34

0.43
0.40
0.37
0.34
0.32

0.39
0.36
0.34
0.31
0.29

0.36
0.34
0.31
0.29
0.27

0.33
0.31
0.29
0.27
0.25

0.31
0.29
0.27
0.25
0.23

0.35
0.32
0.30
0.28
0.26

0.32
0.30
0.28
0.26
0.24

0.30
0.28
0.26
0.24
0.22

0.27
0.26
0.24
0.22
0.21

0.25
0.24
0.22
0.21
0.20

0.24
0.22
0.21
0.19
0.18

0.22
0.21
0.19
0.18
0.17

13.2 M2.5

3
4
6
8
10

0
1
0.97
0.93
0.89
0.83

0.025
0.99
0.94
0.89
0.84
0.78

0.05
0.97
0.89
0.84
0.78
0.72

0.075
0.94
0.84
0.78
0.72
0.67

0.1
0.89
0.78
0.73
0.67
0.61

0.125
0.84
0.73
0.67
0.62
0.56

12
14
16
18
20

0.78
0.72
0.66
0.61
0.56

0.72
0.66
0.61
0.56
0.51

0.67
0.61
0.56
0.51
0.47

0.61
0.56
0.51
0.47
0.43

0.56
0.51
0.47
0.43
0.39

0.52
0.47
0.43
0.40
0.36

22
24
26
28
30

0.51
0.46
0.42
0.39
0.36

0.47
0.43
0.39
0.36
0.33

0.43
0.39
0.36
0.33
0.30

0.39
0.36
0.33
0.30
0.28

0.36
0.33
0.31
0.28
0.26

0.33
0.31
0.28
0.26
0.24

e/he/hT
0.15 0.175
0.73
0.79
0.62
0.67
0.57
0.62
0.52
0.57
0.47
0.52

0.2
0.68
0.57
0.52
0.48
0.43

0.225
0.62
0.52
0.48
0.44
0.40

0.25
0.57
0.48
0.44
0.40
0.37

0.275
0.52
0.44
0.40
0.37
0.34

0.3
0.48
0.40
0.37
0.34
0.31

0.47
0.43
0.40
0.36
0.33

0.43
0.40
0.36
0.33
0.31

0.40
0.36
0.34
0.31
0.28

0.37
0.34
0.31
0.29
0.26

0.34
0.31
0.29
0.26
0.24

0.31
0.29
0.26
0.24
0.23

0.29
0.27
0.25
0.23
0.21

0.31
0.28
0.26
0.24
0.22

0.28
0.26
0.24
0.22
0.21

0.26
0.24
0.22
0.21
0.20

0.24
0.23
0.21
0.20
0.18

0.23
0.21
0.20
0.18
0.17

0.21
0.20
0.18
0.17
0.16

0.20
0.18
0.17
0.16
0.15

 13

241

13.3 0

3
4
6
8
10

0
1
0.87
0.76
0.63
0.53

0.025
0.99
0.82
0.70
0.58
0.48

0.05
0.97
0.77
0.65
0.54
0.44

0.075
0.94
0.71
0.59
0.49
0.41

0.1
0.89
0.66
0.54
0.45
0.37

e/he/hT
0.125 0.15
0.79
0.84
0.55
0.60
0.46
0.50
0.38
0.41
0.32
0.34

12
14
16
18
20

0.44
0.36
0.30
0.26
0.22

0.40
0.33
0.28
0.24
0.20

0.37
0.31
0.26
0.22
0.19

0.34
0.28
0.24
0.21
0.18

0.31
0.26
0.22
0.19
0.17

0.29
0.24
0.21
0.18
0.16

22
24
26
28
30

0.19
0.16
0.14
0.12
0.11

0.18
0.15
0.13
0.12
0.10

0.16
0.14
0.13
0.11
0.10

0.15
0.13
0.12
0.11
0.09

0.14
0.13
0.11
0.10
0.09

0.14
0.12
0.11
0.10
0.09

0.175
0.73
0.51
0.42
0.35
0.29

0.2
0.68
0.46
0.39
0.32
0.27

0.225
0.62
0.43
0.36
0.30
0.25

0.25
0.57
0.39
0.33
0.28
0.23

0.275
0.52
0.36
0.30
0.25
0.22

0.3
0.48
0.33
0.28
0.24
0.20

0.27
0.23
0.19
0.17
0.15

0.25
0.21
0.18
0.16
0.14

0.23
0.20
0.17
0.15
0.13

0.21
0.18
0.16
0.14
0.12

0.20
0.17
0.15
0.13
0.12

0.19
0.16
0.14
0.12
0.11

0.17
0.15
0.13
0.12
0.10

0.13
0.11
0.10
0.09
0.08

0.12
0.11
0.10
0.09
0.08

0.12
0.10
0.09
0.08
0.07

0.11
0.10
0.09
0.08
0.07

0.10
0.09
0.08
0.08
0.07

0.10
0.09
0.08
0.07
0.07

0.09
0.08
0.07
0.07
0.06

13.1N170 kN
370 mm490 mmH0H3.5 mMU10 M5 B

A=0.370.490.181 3 (m2)0.3m2a0.7+0.18130.881 3

f 1.5 N/mm2

0.181 33.5181.21.37104 N13.7 (kN)

N=170+13.7=183.7 (kN)

H
3.5
0
9.46
0.37
h
13.1
0.88
6
A f0.880.181 310 1.50.881 32.109 1105 N210.91 (kN)N
183.7kN

13.2 13.1 6.6 m MU10

242

M5 N320 kN M40 kNm

1
A2 000240+380490666 200 (mm2)

2 000 240 120 + 490 380 (240 + 190)

y1 =
= 207 (mm)
666 200
y2=620207413 (mm)

2 000 2403
490 3803
2
I=
+ 2 000 240 ( 207 120 ) +
12
12
4
2
8
+490 380 (413 190) = 174.4 10 (mm )

I
174.4 108
=
= 162 (mm)
A
66.62 104

hT3.5 i3.5162567 (mm)

2
M 40 103
e=
=
= 125 (mm)0.6y=0.6207=124.2 (mm)
N
320
i=

e 125
=
= 0.22
hT 567

H0
6.6
=
= 11.64
hT 0.567

0.405
f 1.50MPa
Af0.405666 2001.5404.72103 (N) 404.72 (kN)N320 kN

13.1 13.2

 13

243

13.2

13.2

13.2

13.2.1

1
f f

= 1 + 0.35

A0
1
Al

13.5

Al
A0 13.3
A0/ Al 13.3 abcd
13.5 2.52.01.5 1.25

244

aA0=(h+a+c)h(ch)

bA0=(2h+b)h

cA0=(h+a)h+(h1+bh)h1

dA0=(a+h)h

13.3 A0

Nl f Al
Nl

13.2.2

13.6

1a0

a0aa0a
13.4
a0

a0 = 10
hc(mm)

hc
f

13.7

 13

245

2
13.5 Nl
N0
0

A0/ Al2
A0/ Al3

13.4

13.5

N0 + Nl f Al
13.8a
0.5 A0
13.8b
= 1.5
Al
N00 Al
13.8c
Ala0b
13.8d
A0/ Al3 0
N0
Nl
0
0.7 1.0
a0a0aa0a

246

b(mm)
f (MPa)

13.2.3

tb 180 mm
13.6
120 mm

13.6

1 0.8

N0 + Nl 1 f AbAb=abbb
13.9
N0 N00 Ab
N0Nl3
1 10.8 1.013.5
AbAl
AbAba bbb

 13

247

a b
bb
NlNl 0.4a0
a0
a0 = 1

hc
f

13.10

1 13.4
13.4

0/ f
0
0.2
1
5.4
5.7

13.2.4

0.4
6.0

0.6
6.9

0.8
7.8

h0

13.7h0
N0 + Nl 2.42 f bb h0
13.11a
N0bbh00/2
13.11b
3

h0 = 2

Eb I b
Eh

13.11c

hb

0.4a0

ymax
bb

h0

13.7

N0N
2 1.0 0.8
bb(mm)

248

h0(mm)
EbI b
E
h(mm)
a0a013.10
13.3 1 200 mm370 mm MU10 M2.5
200 mm550 mm 240 mm
80 kN 165 kN

f =1.30 MPa

a0 = 10

hc
550
= 10
= 205.7 (mm)
f
1.3

Ala0b205.720041 140 (mm2)

A0h(b+2h)370(200+2370)347 800 (mm2)

A0
347 800/41 1408.53
Al
0

= 1 + 0.35

A0
347 800
1 = 1 + 0.35
1 = 1.96 < 2
41140
Al

1.96

Nu
165 000
=
= 0.37 (MPa)
370 1 200 370 1 200

N00 Al0.3741 14015 221.8 (N)15.22 (kN)

f Al0.71.961.3041 14073 377.304 (N)73.38 (kN)N0 + Nl80 (kN)

13.4

t b180 mma bbb370 mm500 mm

 13

13.9

N0

N0 N0+Nl
Nl

Nl

13.8 13.3

13.9 13.4

Aba bbb370500185 000 (mm2)

500+23701 240 (mm)1 200 (mm)

A01 200370444 000 (mm2)

= 1 + 0.35

A0
444 000
1 = 1 + 0.35
1 = 1.414 < 2
185 000
Ab

10.80.81.4141.131

N00 Ab0.37185 00068.5kN

0 0.37

=
= 0.28 15.82
f
1.30
a0

a0 = 1

hc
550
= 5.82
= 119.7 (mm)
1.3
f

N0Nle
370
Nl
0.4119.7137.1 (mm)
2

249

250

e =

Nl 13.71 80 13.71
=
= 73.86 (mm)
Nl = N 0
80 + 68.5

e/he/ a b73.86/3700.2 3
0.68
1 f Ab0.681.1311.30185 000184.96 kNN0+Nl68.5+80148.5 (kN)

13.3
13.1
13.2
13.3
13.4

13.4

13.1 490 mm620 mm 7 m MU10 M2.5

7 m 270 kN B

13.2 13.10 MU10 M7.5

B 5 m O A

13.10

13.2

13.3 1 200 mm240 mmMU10 M5

250 mm500 mm 240 mmNl90 kN
150 kN

 12
12.1

12.1.1

15%
240 mm115 mm53 mm
10
MU30MU25MU20
MU15 MU10 12.1 MU MPa

12.1 MPa

MU30
MU25
MU20
MU15
MU10

30.0
25.0
20.0
15.0
10.0

0.21
f k
22.0
18.0
14.0
10.0
6.5

0.21
fmin
25.0
22.0
16.0
12.0
7.5

15% P

 12

229

240 mml15 mm90 mm M 190 mml90 mm90 mm 12.1

aP

bM
12.1

10
MU30MU25MU20MU15 MU10 5

MU25MU20MU15 MU10 4

12.1.2

350 mm 360900 mm
900 mm
390 mm190 mm190 mm 12.2

230

12.2

MU20MU15MU10MU7.5 MU5 5

12.1.3

70 mm 3
MU100
MU80MU60MU50MU40MU30 MU20 7

12.1.4

 12

231

70.7 mm
M M15M10M7.5M5
M2.5 5

Mb

12.2

12.2.1

12.3

b
12.3

232

1
12.3a

50%70%
2

12.3b
80%90%

1/2

12.3c

12.2.2

4
1
12.4

12.4

 12

233

12.2.3

28d B
12.212.4
12.2 fMPa

M15
3.94
3.60
3.22
2.79

MU30
MU25
MU20
MU15
MU10

M10
3.27
2.98
2.67
2.31
1.89

M7.5
2.93
2.68
2.39
2.07
1.69

M5
2.59
2.37
2.12
1.83
1.50

M2.5
2.26
2.06
1.84
1.60
1.30

0
1.15
1.05
0.94
0.82
0.67

12.3 fMPa

MU25
MU20
MU15
MU10

M15
3.60
3.22
2.79

M10
M7.5
2.98
2.68
2.67
2.39
2.31
2.07
1.89
1.69

M5
2.37
2.12
1.83
1.50

0
1.05
0.94
0.82
0.67

12.4 fMPa

MU20
MU15
MU10
MU7.5
MU5
1.
2.
3.
4.

Mb15
5.68
4.61

Mb10
Mb7.5
4.95
4.44
4.02
3.61
2.79
2.50
1.93

0.8
0.7
T 0.85

Mb5
3.94
3.20
2.22
1.71
1.19

0
2.33
1.89
1.31
1.01
0.70

234

12.2.4

80%
1012 mm

ABC
BC
Ca=0.89A 5%

 12

12.2.5

235

12.5

12.5

28d
B 12.5

a
1 9 m 7.5 m
a
0.9
2 0.3 m2a 0.7
0.2 m2a 0.8m2
3 12.212.4 a 0.9 12.5
a 0.8
a

12.5 f t
f tmf vMPa

M10
0.19
0.12
0.09
0.08

M7.5
M5
0.16
0.13
0.10
0.08
0.08
0.07
0.07
0.06

M2.5
0.09
0.06

0.04

236

M10
0.33
0.24
0.11
0.13

M7.5
M5
0.29
0.23
0.20
0.16
0.09
0.08
0.11
0.09

M2.5
0.17
0.12

0.07

0.17
0.12
0.08

0.14
0.10
0.06

0.11
0.08
0.05

0.08
0.06

0.17
0.12
0.09
0.21

0.14
0.10
0.08
0.19

0.11
0.08
0.06
0.16

0.08
0.06

0.11

1. 1

2. 35%
1.1
3.
4.

12.2.6

E
E E
12.6
12.6 EMPa

M10
1 600 f
1 060 f
1 700 f
7 300
22 000

M7.5
M5
1 600 f
1 600 f
1 060 f
1 060 f
1 600 f
1 500 f
5 650
4 000
17 000
12 000

M2.5
1 390 f
960 f

2 250
6 750

G
G0.4E

 12

12.3
12.1
12.2
12.3
12.4
12.5

237

 14
14.1

14.1

14.1

14.2

14.3

252

14.2
l=(L1+L2)/2

L1

L2

14.3

14.2
14.2.1

60%75%
2

3
14.4

14.4

 14

253

1/2

e/h0.17 16

14.2.2

0.1% 1%
2 34 mm
8 mm
3 120 mm 30 mm
4 400 mm
5 M7.5
2 mm

14.3
e0.6y

14.3.1

254

14.5

14.5

14.3.2

1 C20 M10
M7.5
2 14.1
5 mm 5 mm
14.1 mm

15
25

25
35

3 3045 mm 45 mm

4 HPB235 HRB335
0.1% 0.2%
0.1% 8 mm

 14

255

30 mm
5 4 mm 0.2 6 mm
20 500 mm 120 mm
6 4
7
500 mm
8

14.4
14.4.1

2 m 4 m

14.4.2

1 M5 C20
2 14.1
3 240 mm240 mm
4 12
4 14 16 mm
6 200 mm 500 mm 6 100 mm

256

4
4 m
5
240 mm 4 12
6 200 mm
6 500 mm 2 6
600 mm
7

14.5
14.1
14.2
14.3
14.4

 15
15.1
15.1.1

1
34 m
15.1

15.1

258

1
2

3
4
2

15.2

15.2

1
2
3
3

15.3

 15

15.3

259

15.4

1
2

15.4

260

15.1.2

15.5

upup

up

up

up

1
15.5

11

us

15.6

us
usup

15.6

 15

us

u
s
up

261

15.1

us
up



15.2
15.1
15.1

1
2
3

sm
16
20
24
28
32
36
40
44
48
52
56
60
64
68
72

0.33 0.39 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.64 0.68 0.71 0.74 0.77
0.35 0.45 0.54 0.61 0.68 0.73 0.78 0.82

0.37 0.49 0.60 0.68 0.75 0.81

i 1nn

15.1.3

3
15.2
15.2

1
2
3

s32

32s72

s32

s20

20s48

s48

s16

16s36

s36

1 s m
24.2.7
3

262

15.7a

b
15.7

15.7b

15.7c
2

1 50%
2 180 mm
3 H/2H

umax
H/4 000

 15

263

15.2
15.2.1

[]
[] 15.3
15.3

[]

M2.5
M5.0
M7.5

15.2.2

22
24
26

15
16
17

H0
1 2 [ ]
15.2
h
H0 15.4
hH0
1
h240 mm
11.2
h90 mm
11.5
90 mmh100 mm
1
2
b
210.4 s
15.3
s
bss 15.8
s 15.8

15.32 0.7 0.7

1/5 21.0s 12[]
15.3

264

s
bs

15.8

15.4

2.5Hu

1.25Hu

2.0Hu

1.25Hu

2.0Hu

1.0Hl

0.8Hl

1.0Hl

1.5H
1.2H

1.0H
1.0H
1.0H
1.0H
1.0H

1.25H
1.10H
1.0H

s2H

2HsH

sH

2.5Hu

1.0H

1.5H
1.2H
1.25H
1.1H
0.4s+0.2H

0.6s

1HuHl
2H02H
3H0 1.25
4s
5

2
1

H0
1 2 [ ]
hT

hThT3.5i

i i =

15.4

 15

265

IA
H0s 15.9
bf

1/3
2/3

15.9

2
15.2
H0s
15.4

3
1

15.2
[] c h s

b
c = 1 + c
15.5
l
c []
0
1.01.5
bc

266

l s
bc / l > 0.25 bc / l0.25 bc / l < 0.05 bc / l = 0

2
15.2
H0s

b/s1/30
b

15.1 15.10

240 mm
M5 4.6 m
120 mm M2.5
3.6 m

15.10

15.1

1
s16.8 m 15.2
2
s16.8 m2H 15.4H01.0H4.6 m
M5 15.3[]=2411.0
b
2.1
210.4 s 10.4
= 0.8
s
4.2
H
4600
0
19.17 1 2 [ ] = 1 0.8 24 = 19.2
h
240

 15

267

3
2Hs6 mH 15.4H00.4s0.2H0.460.24.63.32 m
H
3320
0
13.81 2 [ ]1 1 2424
h
240

15.3
15.3.1

1
2
15.11

Nll

W
W

W
W

H
H

M
M

M
M

M
M

Nll

Nl

Nll

q22

qq11

BB

AA

15.11

q22

qq11

AA

BB

NlelNl
MlNlel 15.12a

268

RA = RB =
M A = Ml
MB =

Ml
2

3M l
2H

15.6

Nll
M

RRAA

R
RAA

xx

xx

M
MAA

qq

H
H

H
H

M
max
Mmax

RR
BB

RRBB

MBB
M
a
15.12

MB
M

BB

WW
q
q 15.12b
3q
RA =
H
8

5q
15.7
RB =
H
8

q
MB = H2
8

2
9qH
3
x = H M max =
qq1qq2
8
128

 15

269

G1M1=G1e1e1

Mmax

15.3.2

1
1

15.13
2

e=M/N

15.14

3
IIIIII 15.15II

Nl 0.4a0a0
IIII
M=0N
15.15a

270

a
15.13

15.14

0.4a0

0.4a0

e0

a
15.15

 15

271

II
N I = N u + Nl

M I = N l el

15.8

IIII
N II = N u + Nl + N d
15.9

M II = 0

Nu
15.15b
II
N I = N u + Nl

15.10

M I = N l el N u eu
IIII
N II = N u + Nl + N d

M II = 0

15.11

Nd
elNl
eu

q 15.16

qH i2
M=
15.12
12
Hi i

15.16

272

1 2/3
2 15.5
3 0.8 kN/m2
15.5

kN/m2
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7

15.3.3

m
4.0
4.0
4.0
3.5

m
28
24
18
18

15.17

IIII
II II

15.17

15.2 15.18
200 mm450 mm 240 mm 3.6 m

 15

273

370 mm 240 mm MU10 M2.5

3.4 m 3.9 m 1.2 m

15.18

15.2

1
s7.2 m32 m 15.2

2
3

0.35 kN/m2
20
0.4 kN/m2
50
0.30 kN/m2
120
2.20 kN/m2
20
0.34 kN/m2
3.59 kN/m2

274

20
120
20

0.20.4525
370 20
240 20

0.4 kN/m2
2.20 kN/m2
0.34 kN/m2
2.94 kN/m2
2.25 kN/m
7.38 kN/m2
5.24 kN/m2
0.45 kN/m2
0.50 kN/m2
2.00 kN/m2

0.85
4
2.7 m3.6 m
II

3.6(2.7+0.5)=11.52 (m2)
3.62.7=9.72 (m2)
G01k=3.5911.52+2.252.7=47.43 (kN)
G02k=2.949.72+2.252.7=34.65 (kN)
G1k=7.383.60.6=15.94 (kN)
G2k=7.38(3.63.41.81.8)+0.451.81.867.88 (kN)
G3k=7.38(3.63.91.81.8)+0.451.81.879.7 (kN)
Q1k=0.511.52=5.76 (kN)
Q2k=2.09.72=19.44 (kN)

z a240 mmhc=450 mmf=1.3 N/mm2

a0 = 10

hc
450
= 10
= 186.05 (mm)<a=240 mm
1.30
f

Nl=1.234.65+1.419.44=68.8 (kN)
370
h
el1= 0.33a0=
0.33186.05=123.60 (mm)
2
2
h
370
el2= 0.4a0=
0.4186.05=110.58 (mm)
2
2
z 15.19

 15

275

II IIII
NIk = (G01k + 3G02k + G1k + 3G2k ) + (Q1k + 0.85 3 Q2k )
=(47.43+334.65+15.94+367.88)+(5.76+0.85319.44)
=370.96+55.33=426.29 (kN)
NIIk = NIIkG3k =426.29+79.7=505.99 (kN)

15.19

15.2

z
II IIII
NI1.2370.96+1.455.33=445.15+77.46=522.6 (kN)
NII = NI1.2G3k =522.6+1.279.7=618.24 (kN)

MI= Nl el2=68.8110.587 608 kNmm7.608 (kNm)

M
7.608 103
el = I
= 14.6 (mm)
NI
522.6
MII0

15.6
15.6

h(mm)
A(mm2)
H0(mm)
f(N/mm2)

A
h370
(3.61.8)0.37=0.666
H00.4s+0.2H =3.66106
1.30
H0/ h=9.89

276

e(mm)
e/ h

N u = a fA (kN)

IIII :
0
0
0.851
736.796
618.24
>1

II
14.6
14.6/370=0.039
0.724
626.839
522.6
>1

kN
Nu/N

240 mm500 mm180 mm

15.4
15.4.1

15.20

c
15.20

1.5 m 1.2 m
MU10 M5
240 mm 5 mm
120 mm 240 mm
30 mm

 15

277

hwhl
n/3
wl
n/3
hwhl
wl
n/2
n/2

1
hwln
hwln 15.21a

2
hwln/3 ln
hwln3 ln/3 15.21b
hwln/2
hwln/2 ln/2 15.21c

c
a
15.21

bc

hhww

hhwwl
lnn

ln/3
ln/3
ln/2
ln/2

278

15.4.2
1

1 O
2
3
2

M ov M r
15.13
Mov
Mr
x0x0

l12.2hbx0=0.3hbx00.13 l1
l12.2hbx00.13 l1
l1(mm)
x0(mm)
hb(mm)
(
0.5 x0

M r = 0.8Gr (l2 x0 )
15.14
Gr 45
l3 15.22
l2Gr
15.22 l3
l3l1 15.22a
l3l1l3l
15.22b

1
l1 15.22cl1l3
0 15.22d

 15

279

Nl fAl

15.15

NlNl2RR
0.7
1.25 T
1.5
AlAl1.2bhbbhb

d
15.22

3
MmaxVmax
Mov

280

1 1/2 2 12
2 l1/3
2l1l 1.2l1l
2

15.4.3
1

1
58 m 8 m

45 m
5m

2
34
4

120 mm 2 10
3
GB 50007
2

 15

281

1 m 15.23
2
15.24

15.23

15.24

3 h240 mm
2h/3 120 mm 4 10
300 mm
4

282

15.5
15.1
15.2
15.3
15.4

15.6

15.1 15.2
15.2 15.25
200 mm500 mm 240 mm
360 mm 240 mmMU10M2.5
3.34 kN/m2 3.09 kN/m2
0.5 kN/m2 2.00 kN/m2 0.3 kN/m2

15.25

16.2

 16

16.1
16.1.1

6
7 10%12%

 16

285

8 200 200
600
150

16.1.2

286

16.2

16.2.1

fyfufy
fufy
fy
- 16.1 -
fyfy

ffyy

00

16.1

eyy

l l
= 1 0 100%
l0

A1A0

 16

287

A0 A1
100%
A0

16.2 d
180

d+2.1a
16.2

fyfu

V
16.3
AkvJ

288

16.3

mm

16.2.2

1
Fe
99%CSi
MnSP 95%
VCuCr
Mo

3
0.25%
0.25%
0.6% 0.6%
Q235 0.12%0.22%

 16

289

ONH

fyfu

fyfu

4
fy

290

fy

16.4

N
O0 =N

An

mm

mm

=3

O0 3

mm

NN

mm

=44

O0

NN
16.4

fy

6
fyfu 200

 16

291

200 430540fyfu 600

250fufy

fyfu

16.2.3

1
GB 500172003Q235
GB 7001988Q345Q390 Q420
GB/T 15911994
QN/mm2ABCD
FbZTZ4 QA
DFbZTZ
ZTZ
Q235 ABCD
Q
3 AE 5

Q235A 235 N/mm2A

Q235BF 235 N/mm2B

292

Q235D 235 N/mm2D

Q345E 345 N/mm2E

GB 7001988 GB/T 159194

2

16.5

T
16.5

I QI
(mm)(mm)(mm)
I16 QI16
abc I32a132b132c
3 H
HHHHH
HWHMHNHPWMNPWideMiddleNarrowPile
H(mm)B(mm)t1(mm)t2(mm)
HHH

4 T
T H H TWTMTN
T T T H T

 16

293

T
5
[ Q[
mm
mmmm[200737
abc abc
6

mmmmmm

7
1.56 mm

16.6

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16
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16
1635
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N/mm2

f
215
205
200
190
310
295
265
250
350
335
315
295
380
360
340
325

fv

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125
120
115
110
180
170
155
145
205
190
180
170
220
210
195
185

325

400

415

440

17.2

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f cw

16
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215
205
200
190
310
295
265
250

f t w

215
205
200
190
310
295
265
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185
175
170
160
265
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225
210

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120
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180
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160

200

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350
335
315
295
380
360
340
325

303

f t w

350
335
315
295
380
360
340
325

ftw

300
285
270
250
320
305
290
275

ftw

205
190
180
170
220
210
195
185

220

220

1
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307

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1
2

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0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

0.80

0.75

0.70

0.65 0.65 0.60

0.60

0.60

0.60

0.55

0.55

0.55

0.55

0.55

0.45

0.40

0.35

0.35 0.35 0.35

0.40

0.40

0.40

0.40

0.45

0.45

0.45

0.45

0.95

0.80

0.75

0.70 0.65 0.65

0.65

0.60

0.60

0.60

0.55

0.55

0.55

0.50

0.15

0.20

0.20

0.25 0.30 0.30

0.30

0.35

0.35

0.35

0.40

0.45

0.45

0.45

0.55

0.50

0.45

0.45 0.45 0.45

0.45

0.45

0.45

0.45

0.45

0.50

0.50

0.50

1.00

0.85

0.80

4
3
2
1
5
4
3
2
1
6
5
4
3
2
1
7
6
5
4
3
2
1

-0.05 0.05 0.15

0.25 0.30 0.30
0.65 0.55 0.50
1.10 0.90 0.80
-0.20 0.00 0.15
0.10 0.20 0.25
0.40 0.40 0.40
0.65 0.55 0.50
1.20 0.95 0.80
-0.30 0.00 0.10
0.00 0.20 0.25
0.20 0.30 0.35
0.40 0.40 0.40
0.70 0.60 0.55
1.20 0.95 0.85
-0.35 -0.05 0.10
-0.10 0.15 0.25
0.10 0.25 0.30
0.30 0.35 0.40
0.50 0.45 0.45
0.75 0.60 0.55
1.20 0.95 0.85

0.5

0.75 0.70 0.70

0.65

0.65

0.65

0.60

0.55

0.55

0.55

0.55

0.30
0.40
0.45
0.70
0.30
0.35
0.45
0.50
0.70
0.25
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.70
0.25
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.70

0.30
0.40
0.45
0.65
0.30
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.70
0.30
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.70
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.70

0.35
0.40
0.45
0.65
0.30
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.65
0.30
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.65
0.30
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.65

0.35
0.40
0.45
0.65
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.65
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.65
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.65

0.35
0.45
0.45
0.60
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.65
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.65
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.65

0.40
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55

0.45
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55

0.45
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55

0.45
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55

0.20
0.35
0.50
0.75
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.75
0.20
0.30
0.35
0.45
0.50
0.80
0.20
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.80

0.25
0.35
0.45
0.70
0.25
0.35
0.40
0.50
0.75
0.25
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.75
0.20
0.35
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.75

334

10

11

n
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

-0.35
-0.10
0.05
0.20
0.35
0.50
0.75
1.20
-0.40
-0.15
0.05
0.15
0.25
0.40
0.55
0.80
1.20
-0.40
-0.15
-0.00
-0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.55
0.80
1.30
-0.40
-0.15
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.25
0.35
0.40
0.55
0.80
1.30

-0.15
0.15
0.25
0.30
0.40
0.45
0.60
1.00
-0.05
0.15
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.65
1.00
-0.05
0.15
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.40
0.50
0.65
1.00
0.05
0.15
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.65
1.00

0.10
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.55
0.85
0.10
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.55
0.85
0.10
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.55
0.85
0.10
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.60
0.85

0.10
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.55
0.80
0.20
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.55
0.80
0.20
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.55
0.80
0.20
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.80

0.25
0.35
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.75
0.25
0.35
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.75
0.25
0.35
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.55
0.75
0.25
0.35
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.75

0.25
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.70
0.25
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.70
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.70
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.70

0.30
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.70
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.70
0.30
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.70
0.30
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.70

0.30
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.65
0.30
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.65
0.30
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.65
0.30
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.65

0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.65
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.65
0.30
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.65
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.65

0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.65
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.65
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.65
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.65

0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.60
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.60

0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55

0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55

0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55

335

1
2
3
4
5
12
6

4
3
2
1

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

-0.40 -0.05 0.10

-0.15 0.15 0.25
0.00 0.25 0.30
0.10 0.30 0.35
0.20 0.35 0.40
0.25 0.35 0.40
0.30 0.40 0.40
0.35 0.40 0.45
0.40 0.40 0.45
0.45 0.45 0.45
0.60 0.50 0.50
0.80 0.65 0.60
1.30 1.00 0.85

0.20
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.80

0.25
0.35
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.75

0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.70

0.30
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.70

0.30
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.65

0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.65

0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55

0.40
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55

0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55

0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55

0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55

4.0

5.0

3-2
m
1
2

0.1

yn

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

2.0

3.0

0.80

0.75

0.70

0.65 0.65

0.60

0.60

0.60

0.60

0.55

0.55

0.55 0.55 0.55

0.50

0.45

0.40

0.40 0.40

0.40

0.40

0.40

0.40

0.45

0.45

0.45 0.45 0.50

1.00

0.85

0.75

0.70 0.70

0.65

0.65

0.65

0.60

0.60

0.55

0.55 0.55 0.55

0.25

0.25

0.25

0.30 0.30

0.35

0.35 0.35

0.40

0.40

0.45

0.45 0.45 0.50

0.60

0.50

0.50

0.50 0.50

0.45

0.45 0.45

0.45

0.45

0.50

0.50 0.50 0.50

1.15

0.90

0.80

0.75 0.75

0.70

0.70 0.65

0.65

0.65

0.60

0.55 0.55 0.55

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25 0.30

0.30

0.35

0.35

0.35

0.40

0.45

0.45 0.45 0.45

0.35

0.35

0.35

0.40 0.40

0.40

0.40

0.45

0.45

0.45

0.45

0.50 0.50 0.50

0.70

0.60

0.55

0.50 0.50

0.50

0.50

0.50

0.50

0.50

0.50

0.50 0.50 0.50

1.20

0.95

0.85

0.80 0.75

0.70

0.70

0.70

0.65

0.65

0.55

0.55 0.55 0.50

-0.05 0.10

0.20

0.25 0.30

0.30

0.35

0.35

0.35

0.35

0.40

0.45 0.45 0.45

0.20

0.25

0.35

0.35 0.40

0.40

0.40

0.40

0.40

0.45

0.45

0.50 0.50 0.50

0.45

0.40

0.45

0.45 0.45

0.45

0.45

0.45

0.45

0.45

0.50

0.50 0.50 0.50

0.75

0.60

0.55

0.55 0.50

0.50

0.50

0.60

0.50

0.50

0.50

0.50 0.50 0.50

1.30

1.00

0.85

0.80 0.75

0.70

0.70

0.65

0.65

0.65

0.65

0.55 0.55 0.55

336

10

n
6
5
4
3
2
1
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

-0.15
0.10
0.30
0.50
0.80
1.30
-0.20
0.05
0.20
0.35
0.55
0.80
1.30
-0.20
0.00
0.15
0.30
0.40
0.60
0.85
1.30
-0.25
0.00
0.15
0.25
0.35
0.45
0.65
0.80
1.35
-0.25
-0.05
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.85
1.35

0.05
0.25
0.35
0.45
0.65
1.00
0.05
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.65
1.00
0.05
0.20
0.30
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.65
1.00
0.00
0.20
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.65
1.00
0.00
0.20
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.55
0.65
1.00

0.15
0.30
0.40
0.45
0.55
0.85
0.15
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.90
0.15
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.60
0.90
0.15
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.65
1.00
0.15
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.60
0.90

0.20
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.55
0.80
0.20
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.80
0.20
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.80
0.20
0.35
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.80
0.20
0.35
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.80

0.25
0.35
0.45
0.45
0.55
0.75
0.25
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.75
0.25
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.75
0.25
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.75
0.25
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.75

0.30
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.55
0.70
0.30
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.70
0.30
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.70
0.30
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.75
0.30
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.75

0.30
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.70
0.30
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.70
0.30
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.70
0.30
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.70
0.30
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.70

0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.65
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.70
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.70
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.70
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.70

0.35
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.65
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.65
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.65
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.65
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.65

0.35
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.65
0.35
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.65
0.35
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.65
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.65
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.65

0.40
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.60
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.60
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.60
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.60
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.60

0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55

0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55

0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55

337

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

2.0

3.0

11
10
9

-0.25 0.00
-0.05 0.20
0.10 0.30

0.15
0.25
0.35

0.20 0.25
0.30 0.35
0.40 0.40

0.30
0.40
0.40

0.30
0.40
0.45

0.30
0.40
0.45

0.35
0.40
0.45

0.35
0.45
0.45

0.45
0.45
0.50

0.45 0.45 0.45

0.50 0.50 0.50
0.50 0.50 0.50

8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1

0.20
0.25
0.35
0.40
0.50
0.65
0.85
1.35

0.35
0.40
0.40
0.44
0.50
0.55
0.65
1.00

0.40
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.60
0.90

0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.80

0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.75

0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.75

0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.70

0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.70

0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.65

0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.65

0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.60

0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55

0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55

0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55

1 -0.30 0.00
2
-0.10 0.20
3
0.05 0.25
4
0.15 0.30
5
0.25 0.30
12
6
0.30 0.40

7
0.35 0.40

8
0.35 0.45

0.45 0.45
4
0.55 0.50
3
0.65 0.55
2
0.70 0.70
1 1.35 1.05

0.15
0.25
0.35
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.60
0.90

0.20
0.30
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.80

0.25
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.75

0.30
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.70

0.30
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.70

0.30
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.70

0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.65

0.35
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.65

0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.60

0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55

0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55

0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.55

11

0.1

3-3
K
1
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9

4.0

5.0

y1

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

0.55
0.45
0.30
0.20
0.15
0.05

0.40
0.30
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05

0.30
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.05

0.25
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.05

0.20
0.20
0.10
0.10
0.05
0.00

0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.05
0.00

0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.05
0.00

0.15
0.10
0.10
0.05
0.05
0.00

0.15
0.10
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.00

0.15
0.10
0.05
0.05
0.00
0.00

0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.00
0.00

0.05
0.05
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.00

0.05
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

0.05
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

338
3-4

y2y3

2.0
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4

0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

2.0

0.25
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.0
-0.05
-0.10
-0.15
-0.20
-0.25

0.15
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.05
0.0
-0.05
-0.05
-0.10
-0.15
-0.15

0.15
0.10
0.10
0.05
0.05
0.0
-0.05
-0.05
-0.10
-0.10
-0.15

0.10
0.10
0.05
0.05
0.0
0.0
0.0
-0.05
-0.05
-0.10
-0.10

0.10
0.10
0.05
0.05
0.0
0.0
0.0
-0.05
-0.05
-0.10
-0.10

0.10
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.0
0.0
0.0
-0.05
-0.05
-0.05
-0.10

0.10
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.0
0.0
0.0
-0.05
-0.05
-0.05
-0.10

0.10
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.0
0.0
0.0
-0.05
-0.05
-0.05
-0.10

0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05

0.05 0.05 0.05
0.0
0.05 0.05
0.0
0.0
0.05
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-0.05 0.0
0.0
0.0
-0.05 -0.05 0.0
0.0
-0.05 -0.05 -0.05 0.0
-0.05 -0.05 -0.05 -0.05

y22y2
y32y3

3.0

4.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0

5.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0