Formwork, Reinforcement,

and

Scaffolding.

31

The temporarystructure required to supportnewlyplaced concrete,

includingtheformsandallnecessarysupportingmembers,bracing,and
hardware.Boardingorsheetingofwood,metal,plastic,orfiberglassfor
containingandgivingadesiredshapetonewlyplacedconcreteuntilitsets
andgainssufficientstrengthtobeself-supporting.Thenitwillberemoved
to be reuse in most cases.

Formwork, Reinforcement,
& Scaffolding
SCAFFOLDING

by Alexander Chung Siang Yee

Type of formwork.

The formwork appication we've found on our site are woodform work and metal (aluminium) formwork. this is an application of system
formwork

Aluminium formwork wall panel

wood formwork wall panel

The formwork is specifically designed to allow rapid construction on all types of

architectural layout.
ToTal system forms the complete concrete structure.
Custom designed to suit project requirements.
Unsurpassed construction speed.
high quality finish.
cost effective.
panels can be reused up to 300 times.
erected using unskilled labour.
environmental friendlier than other systems.
higher cost compared to timber formwork.
require sepcial tools to assemble and dissemble

Supplier: MPE FORMWORK TECHNOLOGY SDN. BHD.

easier to handle due to its light weight.

Custom designed to suit project requirements.
an aesthetically pleasing architectural effect can be achieved.
lower initial cost than steel formwork
higher availbility.
panels can be reused up to 3-5 times. with treatment such as paint and oil.
highly depending on the quility and treatment to the wood.
erected using unskilled labour
it requires no special tools..

32

Formwork, Reinforcement,
& Scaffolding

FORM LINER,

material for linning the inside face of a form specially selected to impart a smooth or patterned finish to
the concrete surface

RELEASE AGENT,

ANY VARIOUS MATERIALS, SUCH AS OIL OR

SILICONE, FOR PREVENTING THE BONDING
OF CONCRETE TO A SURFACE. ALSO CALLED
PARTING COMPOUND. IN OUR SITE, DIESEL
OIL ARE APPLIED ONTO THE WOODFORM
WORK.

BULKHEAD

A PARTITION CLOSING THE END OF A FOAM

OR PREVENTING THE PASSAGE OF NEWLY
PLACED CONCRETE AT A CONSTRUCTION
JOINT.

SCAFFOLDING

finishing effects

by Alexander Chung Siang Yee

BRACING
WOOD STUDS,
SPREADER

A HORIZONTAL TIMBER OR STEEL BEAM FOR

REINFORCING VARIOUS VERTICAL MEMBERS,
AS IN FORMWORK OR SHEET PILING, OR FOR
RETAINING EARTH AT THE EDGE OF AN EMBANKMENT. ALSO CALLED BREAST TIMBER,
RANGER, WALE.

WALER

A HORIZONTAL TIMBER OR STEEL BEAM FOR

REINFORCING VARIOUS VERTICAL MEMBERS,
AS IN FORMWORK OR SHEET PILING, OR FOR
RETAINING EARTH AT THE EDGE OF AN EMBANKMENT. ALSO CALLED BREAST TIMBER,
RANGER, WALE.

YOKE

A CLAMPING DEVICE FOR KEEPING COLUMN

FORMS OR THE TOPS OF WALL FORMS FROM
SPREADING UNDER THE FLUID PRESSURE OF
NEWLY

33

Formwork member:
BRACE

Formwork, Reinforcement,
& Scaffolding
SCAFFOLDING

NAILED TO SOLDIER AND KICKER.

SHUTTER
SOLDIIERS
NAILED TO SIDE SHUTTER

BATTEN

PLYWOOD FORMS CAN BE

SMOOTH, OR BE SANDBLASTED
OR WIREBRUSHED TO ACCENTUATE THE GRAIN PATTERN OF
THE FACE PLY. PICTURE BELOW
IS AN EXAMPLE OF THE APPLICATION.

by Alexander Chung Siang Yee

Formtie

formtie are required to keep form spreading under the

fluid pressure of newly places concrete. while various
property fomrs are available, there are two basic type
snap ties and she bolts, but only snap ties are used in
this site.

Snap ties

it has notches or crimps that allow their ends to be

snapped off below the concrete surface after stripping
of the forms. either cones or washers are used to maintain the correct wall thickness

Small, truncated cone of wood,

steel, or plastic, attached to form
tiesto space and spread wall
forms, leave a neatly finished
depression in the concrete surface to be filled or left expose

34

Formwork, Reinforcement,
& Scaffolding

Formwork member:

SCAFFOLDING

by Alexander Chung Siang Yee

STUD PIN

IT IS INSERTED INTO THE

BRACING BRACCING
STIRRUP TO LINK WALL
PANEL TOGETHER.

WALL TIE/BRACE STIRRUP

IT IS INSERTED INTO THE

BRACING BRACCING
STIRRUP TO LINK WALL PANEL
TOGETHER.

INSTALLATION:

A WALL PANEL ARE SET VERTICALLY. THEN, A BOLT ARE INSERTED

THROUGH AN OPENING TO A WALL TIE OR BRACE STIRRUP WHICH IS
ALLIGN ON THE OTHER END; A STUD WILL SLOT INTO THE OPENING
ON THE BOLT TO LOCK THE STUD PIN. THIS METHOD WILL REPEAT
UNTIL THE WALL ARE SET INTO THE DESIRED SHAPE.

STRIPPING TOOL

DISMANTLING TOOL THAT

REMOVE FORMWORK PANEL
AFTER CONCRETE ALBE TO
SELF-SUSTAIN.

OTHER APPLICATION

FORMWORK ARE USED TO CONSTRUCT SOME DIFFERENT FORM FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES.
IN THIS CASE, FORMWORK ARE APPLIED IN ORDER
TO
CONSTRUCT A PILE CAP.

35

inareinforcedconcrete,steelbars/rebarsresisttensileforcesandshear
whileconcreteresistscompressionforce.thereare2typesofrebar:plain
ordeformed.deformationimprovethebondbetweensteelandconcrete.

Formwork, Reinforcement,
& Scaffolding
SCAFFOLDING

by Alexander Chung Siang Yee

DOWELS

IT IS TIES TO A COLUMN TO
SUPPORT BEAM AND SLAB. IT IS
ALSO USED TO EXTEND
OVERLAP VERTICAL BAR EXTEND
DOWN INTO FOOTIG OR PILE CAP
FAR ENOUGH TO DEVELOP
ADEQUATE LENGTH FOR
ANCHORAGE.

MILD STEEL REBAR

IT HAS MANYAPPLICATION INSIDE

A CONSTRUCTION SIDE. IT IS OFTEN USED IN CONSTRUCTING
A COLUMN AND DEFORM INTO
DESIRED SHAPE FOR OTHER USAGE.
THE FOLLOWING IMAGE ARE
SOME OF THE APPLICATIONS.

LATERAL TIES

LATERAL REINFOREMENT RESTRAINS THE VERTICAL REINFORCEMENTAND STRENGTHENS

THE COLUMN AGAINST BUCKLING. IMAGE BELOW SHOW THE
APPLICATION.

PILE CAP
COLUMN
FINAL PRODUCT THAT HAS BEEN
BEND INTO SPECIFICATION.

BAR BENDING MACHINE

IT IS USED TO BEND THE REBAR

ACCORDING TO SPECIFICATIONS.

36

Formwork, Reinforcement,
& Scaffolding
SCAFFOLDING

by Alexander Chung Siang Yee

BRC WIRE MESH

IT IS OFTEN USED IN CONSTRUCTING

FLOOR SYSTEM.

37

scaffolding is a temporary structure or platform for supporting

workersandmaterialsataheightabovethefloororgroundduriongthe
constructionorrepairofabuilding.alsocalledstaging.italsosupport
constructionactivirtieslikeconcreting,formworkinstallation.besides,it
issettotemporarystructuressuchasrubbishchute,catchplatform,walk
way, safety net etc.

Formwork, Reinforcement,
& Scaffolding
SCAFFOLDING

by Alexander Chung Siang Yee

LGITH SCAFFOLDING

IT IS COMMONLY USED IN THIS

SITE.
PICTURE ON THE RIGHT SHOWS A
SERIES OF SCAFFOLD ARE
SUPPORTING WALKING BOARD
FOR WORKERS TO WORK ABOVE
GROUND LEVEL.

WORKERS ARE TRYING TO HOIST

UP THE VERTICAL FRAME FROM
GROUND LEVEL TO LEVELABOVE.

38

Formwork, Reinforcement,
& Scaffolding

Scaffolding member:

SCAFFOLDING

by Alexander Chung Siang Yee

JET BASE

IT HAS
ADJUSTABKE
LEVELING
FEATURE WHICH
ALLOW THE
WORKER TO
ADJUST DESIRED
HEIGHT. A PIN IS
SET INTO THE
HOLE OF INNER
TUBE, THEN
SLIDING THE
SCREW POSITION
TO CERTAIN
LEVEL..

HEAD

IT HAS A CLAMP
OR BRACE FOR
STRENGTHENING OR HOLDING METAL
BAR TO ENABLE WALKING
BOARD CAN
LAY ON A EVEN
SURFACE.

INNER TUBE
HEAD

IT HAS A CLAMP
OR BRACE FOR
STRENGTHENING
OR HOLDING METAL BAR.
IN THIS CASE IT
ACT AS A BASE TO
ACCOMODATE THE
SITUATION.

JOINT PIN

IT ALLOW VERTICAL FRAME EXTEND ITS HEIGHT

BY JOINING ANOTHER FRAME
ABOVE IT.

CROSS BRACE

TWO DIAGONAL
SUPPORT PLACED
IN A X SHAPED
MANNER THAT
CONNECT VERTICAL FRAME TO
EACH OTHER..

39

FALSEWORK

THE TEMPORARY FRAMWORK FOR SUPPORTING A STRUCTURE UNDER CONSTRUCTION THAT IS NOT YET CAPABLE OF SUPPORTING ITSELF. IN THIS CASE, SCAFFOLDING ARE USED AS SUPPORTING MEMBER. THE SCAFFOLDING WILL BE REMOVE ONCE THE STRUCTURE HAS
GAIN ENOUGH STREGHT TO SELF-SUPPORT.

40