ANALYSE DE DONNEES

TP1 ANALYSE DE COMPOSANTES PRINCIPALES (ACP)

LOGICIEL R-PLUS
Group B1 :
Evelin Helena SILVA CARDOSO
Bruno SANTANA DE ALBUQUERQUE

PARTE I FICHIER SITE

Program R-Plus
site<-read.table("H:/site.txt")
b<-princomp(site,cor=T)
biplot(b)

Ce graphique montre la corrlation entre les variables Al, Na, Fe, Mg et Ca. Le graphique montre
que Fe et Mg sont fortement corrls entre eux et aussi ont corrlation modre avec les variables
de Ca et Na. Nous pouvons galement observer que Al est indpendante d'autres variables, mais
ces variables ont mis en place une forte corrlation ngative.
Le chevauchement des projections des deux nuages dans le mme plan devient interprtation plus
expressive, car il est entendu que les nuages ont des significations diffrentes. Les proximits entre
un individu et une variable n'a pas de signification mathmatique n'ont pas un sens

mathmatique. Toutefois, l'interprtation des axes factoriels, base sur des corrlations avec les
variables qui comportent, pour nous permettre de relier les deux nuages d'une faon dtourne.
barplot(b$loadings[,1],main="C1",col=1:5)

Pour le composante C1, ce graphique indique la forte corrlation entre les variables Fe et Mg et
une corrlation entre Fe, Mg, Ca et Na. Le graphique montre aussi que Al est indpendante
d'autres variables, ces variables ont mis en place une forte corrlation ngative.
barplot(b$loadings[,2],main="C2",col=1:5)

Par rapport C2, ce graphe indique qu'il existe une corrlation entre Al, Fe et Na, mais modre. Le
graphique montre aussi que Mg et Ca ont correlation mais faible. Enfin, Mg et Ca font apparatre
une corrlation ngative avec Al, Fe, Na, et si on peut considrer que ces variables sont presque
indpendantes.

barplot(b$loadings[,3],main="C3",col=1:5)

Par rapport C3, ce graphe indique qu'il existe une forte corrlation entre Al et Ca et aussi existe
une correlation entre Al, Ca, Mg et Na, mais elle est plus faible. Le graphique montre aussi que Mg
et Ca ont correlation mais faible. Le graphique montre aussi que Fe est indpendante d'autres
variables, ces variables ont mis en place une forte corrlation ngative (Fe par rapport Al, Mg, Ca et
Na).

PARTE II FICHIER USArrests

Program R-Plus

?USArrests

1. a<- USArrests
(le chargement des donnes)
2. names(a) (les noms des variables tudies)
[1] "Murder" "Assault" "UrbanPop" "Rape"
3. row.names(a) (les noms de las villes)
[1] "Alabama"
"Alaska"
"Arizona"
"Arkansas"
[5] "California" "Colorado"
"Connecticut" "Delaware"
[9] "Florida"
"Georgia"
"Hawaii"
"Idaho"
[13] "Illinois"
"Indiana"
"Iowa"
"Kansas"
[17] "Kentucky"
"Louisiana"
"Maine"
"Maryland"
[21] "Massachusetts" "Michigan"
"Minnesota"
"Mississippi"
[25] "Missouri"
"Montana"
"Nebraska"
"Nevada"
[29] "New Hampshire" "New Jersey" "New Mexico" "New York"
[33] "North Carolina" "North Dakota" "Ohio"
"Oklahoma"
[37] "Oregon"
"Pennsylvania" "Rhode Island" "South Carolina"
[41] "South Dakota" "Tennessee"
"Texas"
"Utah"
[45] "Vermont"
"Virginia"
"Washington" "West Virginia"
[49] "Wisconsin"
"Wyoming"
4. n<-nrow(a)
5. print(n)
[1] 50
6. apply(a,2,function(x)(1:50)[x==min(x)]) apply(a,2,function(x)(1:50)[x==max(x)])
Murder Assault UrbanPop Rape
34
34
45
34
7. stars(USArrests[, 1:4], key.loc = c(14, 2), main = "USARRESTS : full
stars()",flip.labels=FALSE)

Chaque point de l'toile dans le graphique "star" indique une variable. La intensit de la
variable peuve tre indiqu par la distance de la pointe (variable) par rapport au centre de
l'toile.

8. apply(a,2,mean)
Murder Assault UrbanPop Rape
7.788 170.760 65.540
21.232
9. apply(a,2,var)
Murder Assault
UrbanPop
Rape
18.97047 6945.16571 209.51878 87.72916
Prsenter quelques mesures sommaires de ces variables
10. summary(a)
Murder
Assault
UrbanPop
Rape
Min. : 0.800 Min. : 45.0 Min. :32.00 Min. : 7.30
1st Qu.: 4.075 1st Qu.:109.0 1st Qu.:54.50 1st Qu.:15.07
Median : 7.250 Median :159.0 Median :66.00 Median :20.10
Mean : 7.788 Mean :170.8 Mean :65.54 Mean :21.23
3rd Qu.:11.250 3rd Qu.:249.0 3rd Qu.:77.75 3rd Qu.:26.18
Max. :17.400 Max. :337.0 Max. :91.00 Max. :46.00
boxplot est utilis pour fournir des informations sur les dimensions des variables dans
un jeu de donnes. La ligne horizontale lourd dans chaque bote est porte la valeur
mdiane du groupe de donnes. Le haut de la bote est trace au 75e centile tandis que le
fond de la bote est trace au 25e percentile. Les moustaches suprieures et infrieures se
terminent des valeurs plus extrmes des points non calculs aberrants.

11. boxplot(a)

12. b<-scale(a)
13. boxplot(as.data.frame(b))

Les variables sont mesures dans des units diffrentes. L'analyse en composantes
principales est base sur la matrice de corrlation de l'chantillon, qui est donn cidessous.
14. cor(a)
Murder Assault UrbanPop Rape
Murder 1.00000000 0.8018733 0.06957262 0.5635788
Assault 0.80187331 1.0000000 0.25887170 0.6652412
UrbanPop 0.06957262 0.2588717 1.00000000 0.4113412
Rape
0.56357883 0.6652412 0.41134124 1.0000000
15. cor(b)
Murder Assault UrbanPop Rape
Murder 1.00000000 0.8018733 0.06957262 0.5635788
Assault 0.80187331 1.0000000 0.25887170 0.6652412
UrbanPop 0.06957262 0.2588717 1.00000000 0.4113412
Rape
0.56357883 0.6652412 0.41134124 1.0000000

Une matrice de nuages de points pour reprsenter graphiquement des donnes

16. plot(a)

Sur le graphique on constate que dans la plupart des cas, les corrlations les plus leves
sont observes dans les panneaux de l'chantillon en regard de la diagonale secondaire.
17. pairs(a)
18. eigen(cor(a))
$values
[1] 2.4802416 0.9897652 0.3565632 0.1734301
$vectors
[,1]
[,2]
[,3]
[,4]
[1,] -0.5358995 0.4181809 -0.3412327 0.64922780
[2,] -0.5831836 0.1879856 -0.2681484 -0.74340748
[3,] -0.2781909 -0.8728062 -0.3780158 0.13387773
[4,] -0.5434321 -0.1673186 0.8177779 0.08902432
19. ?princomp()
20. princomp(a,cor=T)
Call:
princomp(x = a, cor = T)
Standard deviations:
Comp.1 Comp.2 Comp.3 Comp.4
1.5748783 0.9948694 0.5971291 0.4164494
4 variables and 50 observations.

21. acp<-princomp(a,cor=T)
22. summary(acp)
Importance of components:
Comp.1 Comp.2 Comp.3 Comp.4
Standard deviation 1.5748783 0.9948694 0.5971291 0.41644938
Proportion of Variance 0.6200604 0.2474413 0.0891408 0.04335752
Cumulative Proportion 0.6200604 0.8675017 0.9566425 1.00000000
23. print(attributes(acp))
$names
[1] "sdev"

"loadings" "center" "scale" "n.obs" "scores" "call"

$class
[1] "princomp"
24. acp$loadings
Loadings:
Comp.1 Comp.2 Comp.3 Comp.4
Murder -0.536 0.418 -0.341 0.649
Assault -0.583 0.188 -0.268 -0.743
UrbanPop -0.278 -0.873 -0.378 0.134
Rape -0.543 -0.167 0.818
Comp.1 Comp.2 Comp.3 Comp.4
SS loadings 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Proportion Var 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25
Cumulative Var 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00
25. matrix (acp$loadings).
26.
[,1]
[1,] -0.53589947
[2,] -0.58318363
[3,] -0.27819087
[4,] -0.54343209
[5,] 0.41818087
[6,] 0.18798560
[7,] -0.87280619
[8,] -0.16731864
[9,] -0.34123273

[10,] -0.26814843
[11,] -0.37801579
[12,] 0.81777791
[13,] 0.64922780
[14,] -0.74340748
[15,] 0.13387773
[16,] 0.08902432
27. tab<-matrix (acp$loadings,4,4) print(tab,digits=3)
[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4]
[1,] -0.536 0.418 -0.341 0.649
[2,] -0.583 0.188 -0.268 -0.743
[3,] -0.278 -0.873 -0.378 0.134
[4,] -0.543 -0.167 0.818 0.089
28. names(acp)
[1] "sdev" "loadings" "center" "scale" "n.obs" "scores" "call"
29. acp$sdev
Comp.1 Comp.2 Comp.3 Comp.4
1.5748783 0.9948694 0.5971291 0.4164494
30. vp<-acp$sdev^2

31. plot(1:4,vp,type="b",ylab="Valeurspropres",xlab="Composantes Principales",

main="Eboulis des Valeurs Propres")

Les valeurs propres de facteurs successifs peuvent tre reprsentes dans un simple trac
curviligne. Cattell (1966) a propos que ce trac des valeurs propres soit utilis pour dterminer
graphiquement le nombre optimal de facteurs conserver. Le trac des valeurs propres doit
permettre de trouver l'endroit o les valeurs propres semblent s'quilibrer droite du trac. A
droite de ce point, on risque de ne trouver que des "boulis factoriels" - "boulis" est un terme
gologique dsignant les dbris trouvs sur la partie infrieure d'une pente rocheuse. Par
consquent, il ne faut par retenir plus que le nombre de facteurs situs gauche de ce point.
32. acp$scores
Comp.1
Alabama

Comp.2

Comp.3

Comp.4

-0.98556588 1.13339238 -0.44426879 0.156267145

Alaska

-1.95013775 1.07321326 2.04000333 -0.438583440

Arizona

-1.76316354 -0.74595678 0.05478082 -0.834652924

Arkansas

0.14142029 1.11979678 0.11457369 -0.182810896

California

-2.52398013 -1.54293399 0.59855680 -0.341996478

Colorado

-1.51456286 -0.98755509 1.09500699 0.001464887

Connecticut
Delaware

1.35864746 -1.08892789 -0.64325757 -0.118469414

-0.04770931 -0.32535892 -0.71863294 -0.881977637

Florida

-3.01304227 0.03922851 -0.57682949 -0.096284752

Georgia

-1.63928304 1.27894240 -0.34246008 1.076796812

Hawaii

0.91265715 -1.57046001 0.05078189 0.902806864

Idaho

1.63979985 0.21097292 0.25980134 -0.499104101

Illinois

-1.37891072 -0.68184119 -0.67749564 -0.122021292

Indiana
Iowa
Kansas

0.50546136 -0.15156254 0.22805484 0.424665700

2.25364607 -0.10405407 0.16456432 0.017555916
0.79688112 -0.27016470 0.02555331 0.206496428

Kentucky

0.75085907 0.95844029 -0.02836942 0.670556671

Louisiana

-1.56481798 0.87105466 -0.78348036 0.454728038

Maine

2.39682949 0.37639158 -0.06568239 -0.330459817

Maryland

-1.76336939 0.42765519 -0.15725013 -0.559069521

Massachusetts 0.48616629 -1.47449650 -0.60949748 -0.179598963

Michigan
Minnesota

-2.10844115 -0.15539682 0.38486858 0.102372019

1.69268181 -0.63226125 0.15307043 0.067316885

Mississippi -0.99649446 2.39379599 -0.74080840 0.215508013

Missouri

-0.69678733 -0.26335479 0.37744383 0.225824461

Montana

1.18545191 0.53687437 0.24688932 0.123742227

Nebraska

1.26563654 -0.19395373 0.17557391 0.015892888

Nevada

-2.87439454 -0.77560020 1.16338049 0.314515476

New Hampshire 2.38391541 -0.01808229 0.03685539 -0.033137338

New Jersey

-0.18156611 -1.44950571 -0.76445355 0.243382700

New Mexico
New York

-1.98002375 0.14284878 0.18369218 -0.339533597

-1.68257738 -0.82318414 -0.64307509 -0.013484369

North Carolina -1.12337861 2.22800338 -0.86357179 -0.954381667

North Dakota 2.99222562 0.59911882 0.30127728 -0.253987327
Ohio

0.22596542 -0.74223824 -0.03113912 0.473915911

Oklahoma

0.31178286 -0.28785421 -0.01530979 0.010332321

Oregon

-0.05912208 -0.54141145 0.93983298 -0.237780688

Pennsylvania 0.88841582 -0.57110035 -0.40062871 0.359061124

Rhode Island 0.86377206 -1.49197842 -1.36994570 -0.613569430
South Carolina -1.32072380 1.93340466 -0.30053779 -0.131466685
South Dakota 1.98777484 0.82334324 0.38929333 -0.109571764
Tennessee

-0.99974168 0.86025130 0.18808295 0.652864291

Texas

-1.35513821 -0.41248082 -0.49206886 0.643195491

Utah

0.55056526 -1.47150461 0.29372804 -0.082314047

Vermont

2.80141174 1.40228806 0.84126309 -0.144889914

Virginia

0.09633491 0.19973529 0.01171254 0.211370813

Washington

0.21690338 -0.97012418 0.62487094 -0.220847793

West Virginia 2.10858541 1.42484670 0.10477467 0.131908831

33.

Wisconsin

2.07971417 -0.61126862 -0.13886500 0.184103743

Wyoming

0.62942666 0.32101297 -0.24065923 -0.166651801

var(acp$scores)
Comp.1

Comp.2

Comp.3

Comp.4

Comp.1 2.530859e+00 4.489537e-17 -1.788607e-16 2.058309e-16

Comp.2 4.489537e-17 1.009964e+00 2.315901e-16 3.407928e-17
Comp.3 -1.788607e-16 2.315901e-16 3.638400e-01 -9.528913e-17
Comp.4 2.058309e-16 3.407928e-17 -9.528913e-17 1.769695e-01

34.

plot(acp)

35.

cor(a,acp$scores)
Comp.1 Comp.2 Comp.3 Comp.4
Murder -0.8439764 0.4160354 -0.2037600 0.27037052
Assault -0.9184432 0.1870211 -0.1601192 -0.30959159
UrbanPop -0.4381168 -0.8683282 -0.2257242 0.05575330
Rape -0.8558394 -0.1664602 0.4883190 0.03707412

36.

biplot(acp)

Les graphiques indiquent que les variables de Murder, Assault, Rape et UrbanPop ont corrlation.
Murder et Assault sont le plus troitement lis, suivie par le Rape. UrbanPop a corrlation avec
Assassiner, agression et viol, mais faible. On peut aussi dire que le North Dakota est une ville plus
scuritaire que le New Mexique et la Californie qui a une forte population urbaine, par exemple.
37.

barplot(acp$loadings[,1],main="C1",col=1:4)

38. plot(acp$scores[,1],acp$scores[,2],type="n") text(acp1$scores[,1]

acp$scores[,2],row.names(a))

PARTE III FICHIER OLYMPIAC

olympic<-read.table("H:/olympic.txt")
olympic
V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10 V11
1 11.25 7.43 15.48 2.27 48.90 15.13 49.28 4.7 61.32 268.95 8488
2 10.87 7.45 14.97 1.97 47.71 14.46 44.36 5.1 61.76 273.02 8399
3 11.18 7.44 14.20 1.97 48.29 14.81 43.66 5.2 64.16 263.20 8328
4 10.62 7.38 15.02 2.03 49.06 14.72 44.80 4.9 64.04 285.11 8306
5 11.02 7.43 12.92 1.97 47.44 14.40 41.20 5.2 57.46 256.64 8286
6 10.83 7.72 13.58 2.12 48.34 14.18 43.06 4.9 52.18 274.07 8272
7 11.18 7.05 14.12 2.06 49.34 14.39 41.68 5.7 61.60 291.20 8216
8 11.05 6.95 15.34 2.00 48.21 14.36 41.32 4.8 63.00 265.86 8189
9 11.15 7.12 14.52 2.03 49.15 14.66 42.36 4.9 66.46 269.62 8180
10 11.23 7.28 15.25 1.97 48.60 14.76 48.02 5.2 59.48 292.24 8167
11 10.94 7.45 15.34 1.97 49.94 14.25 41.86 4.8 66.64 295.89 8143
12 11.18 7.34 14.48 1.94 49.02 15.11 42.76 4.7 65.84 256.74 8114
13 11.02 7.29 12.92 2.06 48.23 14.94 39.54 5.0 56.80 257.85 8093
14 10.99 7.37 13.61 1.97 47.83 14.70 43.88 4.3 66.54 268.97 8083
15 11.03 7.45 14.20 1.97 48.94 15.44 41.66 4.7 64.00 267.48 8036
16 11.09 7.08 14.51 2.03 49.89 14.78 43.20 4.9 57.18 268.54 8021
17 11.46 6.75 16.07 2.00 51.28 16.06 50.66 4.8 72.60 302.42 7869
18 11.57 7.00 16.60 1.94 49.84 15.00 46.66 4.9 60.20 286.04 7860
19 11.07 7.04 13.41 1.94 47.97 14.96 40.38 4.5 51.50 262.41 7859
20 10.89 7.07 15.84 1.79 49.68 15.38 45.32 4.9 60.48 277.84 7781
21 11.52 7.36 13.93 1.94 49.99 15.64 38.82 4.6 67.04 266.42 7753
22 11.49 7.02 13.80 2.03 50.60 15.22 39.08 4.7 60.92 262.93 7745
23 11.38 7.08 14.31 2.00 50.24 14.97 46.34 4.4 55.68 272.68 7743
24 11.30 6.97 13.23 2.15 49.98 15.38 38.72 4.6 54.34 277.84 7623
25 11.00 7.23 13.15 2.03 49.73 14.96 38.06 4.5 52.82 285.57 7579
26 11.33 6.83 11.63 2.06 48.37 15.39 37.52 4.6 55.42 270.07 7517
27 11.10 6.98 12.69 1.82 48.63 15.13 38.04 4.7 49.52 261.90 7505

28 11.51 7.01 14.17 1.94 51.16 15.18 45.84 4.6 56.28 303.17 7422
29 11.26 6.90 12.41 1.88 48.24 15.61 38.02 4.4 52.68 272.06 7310
30 11.50 7.09 12.94 1.82 49.27 15.56 42.32 4.5 53.50 293.85 7237
31 11.43 6.22 13.98 1.91 51.25 15.88 46.18 4.6 57.84 294.99 7231
32 11.47 6.43 12.33 1.94 50.30 15.00 38.72 4.0 57.26 293.72 7016
33 11.57 7.19 10.27 1.91 50.71 16.20 34.36 4.1 54.94 269.98 6907
34 12.12 5.83 9.71 1.70 52.32 17.05 27.10 2.6 39.10 281.24 5339
Le table reprsente les rsultats de 34 joueurs, qui font 10 tapes dune olympiade. Par lanalyse du
summary , nous avons not que la colonne a rsultats qui diffrent beaucoup des rsultats des autres
joueurs. Alors, elle devrait tre supprim.

> O2<-olympic[,-11]
Renommer les colonnes

> names(O2)<-c("100m","long","poids","haut","400m","110m","disque","perche","javelot","1500m")
> O2
100m long poids haut 400m 110m disque perche javelot 1500m
1 11.25 7.43 15.48 2.27 48.90 15.13 49.28 4.7 61.32 268.95
2 10.87 7.45 14.97 1.97 47.71 14.46 44.36 5.1 61.76 273.02
3 11.18 7.44 14.20 1.97 48.29 14.81 43.66 5.2 64.16 263.20
4 10.62 7.38 15.02 2.03 49.06 14.72 44.80 4.9 64.04 285.11
5 11.02 7.43 12.92 1.97 47.44 14.40 41.20 5.2 57.46 256.64
6 10.83 7.72 13.58 2.12 48.34 14.18 43.06 4.9 52.18 274.07
7 11.18 7.05 14.12 2.06 49.34 14.39 41.68 5.7 61.60 291.20
8 11.05 6.95 15.34 2.00 48.21 14.36 41.32 4.8 63.00 265.86
9 11.15 7.12 14.52 2.03 49.15 14.66 42.36 4.9 66.46 269.62
10 11.23 7.28 15.25 1.97 48.60 14.76 48.02 5.2 59.48 292.24
11 10.94 7.45 15.34 1.97 49.94 14.25 41.86 4.8 66.64 295.89
12 11.18 7.34 14.48 1.94 49.02 15.11 42.76 4.7 65.84 256.74
13 11.02 7.29 12.92 2.06 48.23 14.94 39.54 5.0 56.80 257.85
14 10.99 7.37 13.61 1.97 47.83 14.70 43.88 4.3 66.54 268.97
15 11.03 7.45 14.20 1.97 48.94 15.44 41.66 4.7 64.00 267.48
16 11.09 7.08 14.51 2.03 49.89 14.78 43.20 4.9 57.18 268.54
17 11.46 6.75 16.07 2.00 51.28 16.06 50.66 4.8 72.60 302.42

18 11.57 7.00 16.60 1.94 49.84 15.00 46.66 4.9 60.20 286.04
19 11.07 7.04 13.41 1.94 47.97 14.96 40.38 4.5 51.50 262.41
20 10.89 7.07 15.84 1.79 49.68 15.38 45.32 4.9 60.48 277.84
21 11.52 7.36 13.93 1.94 49.99 15.64 38.82 4.6 67.04 266.42
22 11.49 7.02 13.80 2.03 50.60 15.22 39.08 4.7 60.92 262.93
23 11.38 7.08 14.31 2.00 50.24 14.97 46.34 4.4 55.68 272.68
24 11.30 6.97 13.23 2.15 49.98 15.38 38.72 4.6 54.34 277.84
25 11.00 7.23 13.15 2.03 49.73 14.96 38.06 4.5 52.82 285.57
26 11.33 6.83 11.63 2.06 48.37 15.39 37.52 4.6 55.42 270.07
27 11.10 6.98 12.69 1.82 48.63 15.13 38.04 4.7 49.52 261.90
28 11.51 7.01 14.17 1.94 51.16 15.18 45.84 4.6 56.28 303.17
29 11.26 6.90 12.41 1.88 48.24 15.61 38.02 4.4 52.68 272.06
30 11.50 7.09 12.94 1.82 49.27 15.56 42.32 4.5 53.50 293.85
31 11.43 6.22 13.98 1.91 51.25 15.88 46.18 4.6 57.84 294.99
32 11.47 6.43 12.33 1.94 50.30 15.00 38.72 4.0 57.26 293.72
33 11.57 7.19 10.27 1.91 50.71 16.20 34.36 4.1 54.94 269.98
34 12.12 5.83 9.71 1.70 52.32 17.05 27.10 2.6 39.10 281.24

row.names(O2)
[1] "1" "2" "3" "4" "5" "6" "7" "8" "9" "10" "11" "12" "13" "14" "15"
[16] "16" "17" "18" "19" "20" "21" "22" "23" "24" "25" "26" "27" "28" "29" "30"
[31] "31" "32" "33" "34"
n<-nrow(O2)
print(n)
[1] 34
apply(O2,2,function(x)(1:34)[x==max(x)])
100m long poids haut 400m 110m disque perche javelot 1500m
34

18

34

34

17

17

28

apply(O2,2,function(x)(1:33)[x==min(x)])
100m long poids haut 400m 110m disque perche javelot 1500m
4

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

stars(olympic[, 1:10], key.loc = c(34, 2), main = "OLYMPIC : full stars()",flip.labels=FALSE)

stars(O2[, 1:10], key.loc = c(33, 2), main = "OLYMPIC : full stars()",flip.labels=FALSE)

Chaque point de l'toile dans le graphique "star" indique une variable. La intensit de la variable
peuve tre indiqu par la distance de la pointe (variable) par rapport au centre de l'toile.

apply(O2,2,mean)
100m

long

poids

haut

400m

110m

disque

11.223529 7.095000 13.850882 1.974412 49.366176 15.107647 41.905294

perche javelot

1500m

4.676471 58.840588 276.191471

apply(O2,2,var)
100m

long

poids

haut

400m

110m

0.08250232 0.13977727 2.25578405 0.01091631 1.38190918 0.36681854

disque

perche

javelot

1500m

20.25639537 0.24306595 41.45732086 181.66006141

Prsenter quelques mesures sommaires de ces variables
summary(O2)
100m

long

poids

haut

Min. :10.62 Min. :5.830 Min. : 9.71 Min. :1.700

1st Qu.:11.02 1st Qu.:6.985 1st Qu.:12.99 1st Qu.:1.940

Median :11.18 Median :7.085 Median :14.05 Median :1.970

Mean :11.22 Mean :7.095 Mean :13.85 Mean :1.974
3rd Qu.:11.45 3rd Qu.:7.367 3rd Qu.:14.86 3rd Qu.:2.030
Max. :12.12 Max. :7.720 Max. :16.60 Max. :2.270
400m

110m

disque

perche

Min. :47.44 Min. :14.18 Min. :27.10 Min. :2.600

1st Qu.:48.35 1st Qu.:14.73 1st Qu.:38.88 1st Qu.:4.525
Median :49.21 Median :15.00 Median :42.09 Median :4.700
Mean :49.37 Mean :15.11 Mean :41.91 Mean :4.676
3rd Qu.:49.99 3rd Qu.:15.39 3rd Qu.:44.69 3rd Qu.:4.900
Max. :52.32 Max. :17.05 Max. :50.66 Max. :5.700
javelot

1500m

Min. :39.10 Min. :256.6

1st Qu.:55.06 1st Qu.:266.7
Median :58.66 Median :272.4
Mean :58.84 Mean :276.2
3rd Qu.:63.75 3rd Qu.:285.9
Max. :72.60 Max. :303.2

boxplot est utilis pour fournir des informations sur les dimensions des variables dans
un jeu de donnes. La ligne horizontale lourd dans chaque bote est porte la valeur
mdiane du groupe de donnes. Le haut de la bote est trace au 75e centile tandis que le
fond de la bote est trace au 25e percentile. Les moustaches suprieures et infrieures se
terminent des valeurs plus extrmes des points non calculs aberrants.
boxplot(O2)

b<-scale(O2)
boxplot(as.data.frame(b))

cor(O2)
100m
100m

long

poids

haut

400m

110m

1.0000000 -0.6905079 -0.4201671 -0.3637426 0.6977326 0.7512681

long -0.6905079 1.0000000 0.3905859 0.4713932 -0.6355823 -0.6544919

poids -0.4201671 0.3905859 1.0000000 0.3205137 -0.1422790 -0.4888436
haut -0.3637426 0.4713932 0.3205137 1.0000000 -0.2754966 -0.4868472
400m

0.6977326 -0.6355823 -0.1422790 -0.2754966 1.0000000 0.6547162

110m

0.7512681 -0.6544919 -0.4888436 -0.4868472 0.6547162 1.0000000

disque -0.3526016 0.3748494 0.8561846 0.3760049 -0.1543935 -0.4034591

perche -0.6272388 0.6322881 0.6425315 0.4715259 -0.5211362 -0.7087536
javelot -0.3441302 0.4462843 0.7026397 0.3377261 -0.1498775 -0.3504906
1500m 0.2537741 -0.3559770 0.2020151 -0.1315514 0.5544555 0.1553157
disque

perche

javelot

1500m

100m -0.3526016 -0.6272388 -0.34413018 0.25377410

long

0.3748494 0.6322881 0.44628427 -0.35597703

poids 0.8561846 0.6425315 0.70263971 0.20201511

haut

0.3760049 0.4715259 0.33772613 -0.13155143

400m -0.1543935 -0.5211362 -0.14987754 0.55445554

110m -0.4034591 -0.7087536 -0.35049057 0.15531567
disque 1.0000000 0.6195217 0.61782022 0.28819060
perche 0.6195217 1.0000000 0.55713064 -0.07024619
javelot 0.6178202 0.5571306 1.00000000 0.04497636
1500m 0.2881906 -0.0702462 0.04497636 1.00000000
cor(b)
100m
100m

long

poids

haut

400m

110m

1.0000000 -0.6905079 -0.4201671 -0.3637426 0.6977326 0.7512681

long -0.6905079 1.0000000 0.3905859 0.4713932 -0.6355823 -0.6544919

poids -0.4201671 0.3905859 1.0000000 0.3205137 -0.1422790 -0.4888436
haut -0.3637426 0.4713932 0.3205137 1.0000000 -0.2754966 -0.4868472
400m

0.6977326 -0.6355823 -0.1422790 -0.2754966 1.0000000 0.6547162

110m

0.7512681 -0.6544919 -0.4888436 -0.4868472 0.6547162 1.0000000

disque -0.3526016 0.3748494 0.8561846 0.3760049 -0.1543935 -0.4034591

perche -0.6272388 0.6322881 0.6425315 0.4715259 -0.5211362 -0.7087536
javelot -0.3441302 0.4462843 0.7026397 0.3377261 -0.1498775 -0.3504906
1500m 0.2537741 -0.3559770 0.2020151 -0.1315514 0.5544555 0.1553157
disque

perche

javelot

1500m

100m -0.3526016 -0.6272388 -0.34413018 0.25377410

long

0.3748494 0.6322881 0.44628427 -0.35597703

poids 0.8561846 0.6425315 0.70263971 0.20201511

haut

0.3760049 0.4715259 0.33772613 -0.13155143

400m -0.1543935 -0.5211362 -0.14987754 0.55445554

110m -0.4034591 -0.7087536 -0.35049057 0.15531567
disque 1.0000000 0.6195217 0.61782022 0.28819060
perche 0.6195217 1.0000000 0.55713064 -0.07024619
javelot 0.6178202 0.5571306 1.00000000 0.04497636
1500m 0.2881906 -0.0702462 0.04497636 1.00000000
plot(O2)

pairs(O2)
eigen(cor(O2))
$values

[1] 5.02351759 2.07990143 0.73546822 0.68573847 0.37626002 0.30210778

[7] 0.28550654 0.22377990 0.20473667 0.08298339

$vectors
[,1]

[,2]

[,3]

[,4]

[,5]

[,6]

[1,] 0.35863450 -0.20415733 -0.30042225 -0.17591356 -0.27217617 -0.107377027

[2,] -0.36119457 0.19789544 -0.07694883 -0.11480658 0.45573228 0.613165270
[3,] -0.32399083 -0.39427467 0.12521420 -0.17358594 -0.26797589 0.043078275
[4,] -0.26747658 0.00741249 -0.85585867 0.35606648 -0.06556214 -0.009049015
[5,] 0.29436691 -0.42719769 -0.23221355 0.01688579 0.28583620 -0.001910878
[6,] 0.37338818 -0.13124747 -0.14913880 -0.38730799 -0.05489065 0.372650115
[7,] -0.30669150 -0.41638739 0.04605279 -0.04108097 -0.44562744 0.426245582
[8,] -0.38894727 -0.06192926 0.07549190 0.06621604 -0.15566278 -0.381392023
[9,] -0.29327539 -0.29838039 -0.13585981 -0.56592189 0.45351914 -0.374427279
[10,] 0.08357796 -0.54560188 0.23067163 0.56773765 0.35903914 0.065940767
[,7]

[,8]

[,9]

[,10]

[1,] 0.51440934 0.15699520 0.569470488 -0.096598076

[2,] 0.37097148 0.25314117 0.136398761 -0.085473517
[3,] -0.28520580 0.39212635 -0.000555435 -0.620479016
[4,] -0.14696910 -0.14811279 -0.052874132 -0.135685895
[5,] -0.06124561 0.58361903 -0.367484434 0.339895567
[6,] 0.13014582 -0.41999575 -0.490602799 -0.308543253
[7,] -0.01049538 -0.18613430 0.077744794 0.554692586
[8,] 0.66409114 0.02975343 -0.472409406 -0.006121098
[9,] -0.10126384 -0.29887441 0.169800354 0.109294902
[10,] 0.15083239 -0.30611569 0.143247276 -0.222628781

princomp(O2,cor=T)
Call:
princomp(x = O2, cor = T)

Standard deviations:
Comp.1 Comp.2 Comp.3 Comp.4 Comp.5 Comp.6 Comp.7 Comp.8
2.2413205 1.4421863 0.8575944 0.8280933 0.6134004 0.5496433 0.5343281 0.4730538
Comp.9 Comp.10
0.4524784 0.2880684

10 variables and 34 observations.

acp<-princomp(O2,cor=T)
summary(acp)
Importance of components:
Comp.1 Comp.2
Standard deviation

Comp.3

Comp.4 Comp.5

2.2413205 1.4421863 0.85759444 0.82809328 0.6134004

Proportion of Variance 0.5023518 0.2079901 0.07354682 0.06857385 0.0376260

Cumulative Proportion 0.5023518 0.7103419 0.78388872 0.85246257 0.8900886
Comp.6
Standard deviation

Comp.7

Comp.8

Comp.9

Comp.10

0.54964332 0.53432812 0.47305380 0.45247836 0.288068378

Proportion of Variance 0.03021078 0.02855065 0.02237799 0.02047367 0.008298339

Cumulative Proportion 0.92029935 0.94885000 0.97122799 0.99170166 1.000000000
print(attributes(acp))
$names
[1] "sdev"

"loadings" "center" "scale" "n.obs" "scores" "call"

$class
[1] "princomp"

acp$loadings

Loadings:
Comp.1 Comp.2 Comp.3 Comp.4 Comp.5 Comp.6 Comp.7 Comp.8 Comp.9 Comp.10
100m

0.359 -0.204 -0.300 -0.176 -0.272 -0.107 0.514 0.157 0.569

long -0.361 0.198

-0.115 0.456 0.613 0.371 0.253 0.136

poids -0.324 -0.394 0.125 -0.174 -0.268

haut -0.267

-0.856 0.356

-0.147 -0.148

400m

0.294 -0.427 -0.232

110m

0.373 -0.131 -0.149 -0.387

disque -0.307 -0.416

perche -0.389

-0.285 0.392

0.286

-0.620

-0.136

0.584 -0.367 0.340

0.373 0.130 -0.420 -0.491 -0.309

-0.446 0.426

-0.186

-0.156 -0.381 0.664

0.555

-0.472

javelot -0.293 -0.298 -0.136 -0.566 0.454 -0.374 -0.101 -0.299 0.170 0.109
1500m

-0.546 0.231 0.568 0.359

0.151 -0.306 0.143 -0.223

Comp.1 Comp.2 Comp.3 Comp.4 Comp.5 Comp.6 Comp.7 Comp.8 Comp.9

SS loadings

1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Proportion Var 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Cumulative Var 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9
Comp.10
SS loadings

1.0

Proportion Var

0.1

Cumulative Var

1.0

> matrix (acp$loadings)

[,1]
[1,] 0.358634496
[2,] -0.361194570
[3,] -0.323990834
[4,] -0.267476575
[5,] 0.294366913
[6,] 0.373388183
[7,] -0.306691504
[8,] -0.388947266
[9,] -0.293275394
[10,] 0.083577962
[11,] -0.204157325
[12,] 0.197895437

[13,] -0.394274668
[14,] 0.007412489
[15,] -0.427197688
[16,] -0.131247472
[17,] -0.416387386
[18,] -0.061929264
[19,] -0.298380393
[20,] -0.545601880
[21,] -0.300422253
[22,] -0.076948833
[23,] 0.125214195
[24,] -0.855858671
[25,] -0.232213546
[26,] -0.149138797
[27,] 0.046052787
[28,] 0.075491898
[29,] -0.135859807
[30,] 0.230671635
[31,] -0.175913559
[32,] -0.114806578
[33,] -0.173585942
[34,] 0.356066484
[35,] 0.016885789
[36,] -0.387307995
[37,] -0.041080967
[38,] 0.066216037
[39,] -0.565921891
[40,] 0.567737651
[41,] -0.272176167
[42,] 0.455732285
[43,] -0.267975888

[44,] -0.065562145
[45,] 0.285836203
[46,] -0.054890655
[47,] -0.445627442
[48,] -0.155662784
[49,] 0.453519136
[50,] 0.359039136
[51,] -0.107377027
[52,] 0.613165270
[53,] 0.043078275
[54,] -0.009049015
[55,] -0.001910878
[56,] 0.372650115
[57,] 0.426245582
[58,] -0.381392023
[59,] -0.374427279
[60,] 0.065940767
[61,] 0.514409335
[62,] 0.370971485
[63,] -0.285205799
[64,] -0.146969101
[65,] -0.061245615
[66,] 0.130145819
[67,] -0.010495383
[68,] 0.664091139
[69,] -0.101263842
[70,] 0.150832388
[71,] 0.156995201
[72,] 0.253141175
[73,] 0.392126347
[74,] -0.148112792

[75,] 0.583619034
[76,] -0.419995750
[77,] -0.186134296
[78,] 0.029753426
[79,] -0.298874413
[80,] -0.306115694
[81,] 0.569470488
[82,] 0.136398761
[83,] -0.000555435
[84,] -0.052874132
[85,] -0.367484434
[86,] -0.490602799
[87,] 0.077744794
[88,] -0.472409406
[89,] 0.169800354
[90,] 0.143247276
[91,] -0.096598076
[92,] -0.085473517
[93,] -0.620479016
[94,] -0.135685895
[95,] 0.339895567
[96,] -0.308543253
[97,] 0.554692586
[98,] -0.006121098
[99,] 0.109294902
[100,] -0.222628781
tab<-matrix (acp$loadings,10,10)
print(tab,digits=4)
[,1]

[,2]

[,3]

[,4]

[,5]

[,6]

[,7]

[,8]

[1,] 0.35863 -0.204157 -0.30042 -0.17591 -0.27218 -0.107377 0.51441 0.15700

[2,] -0.36119 0.197895 -0.07695 -0.11481 0.45573 0.613165 0.37097 0.25314

[3,] -0.32399 -0.394275 0.12521 -0.17359 -0.26798 0.043078 -0.28521 0.39213

[4,] -0.26748 0.007412 -0.85586 0.35607 -0.06556 -0.009049 -0.14697 -0.14811
[5,] 0.29437 -0.427198 -0.23221 0.01689 0.28584 -0.001911 -0.06125 0.58362
[6,] 0.37339 -0.131247 -0.14914 -0.38731 -0.05489 0.372650 0.13015 -0.42000
[7,] -0.30669 -0.416387 0.04605 -0.04108 -0.44563 0.426246 -0.01050 -0.18613
[8,] -0.38895 -0.061929 0.07549 0.06622 -0.15566 -0.381392 0.66409 0.02975
[9,] -0.29328 -0.298380 -0.13586 -0.56592 0.45352 -0.374427 -0.10126 -0.29887
[10,] 0.08358 -0.545602 0.23067 0.56774 0.35904 0.065941 0.15083 -0.30612
[,9]

[,10]

[1,] 0.5694705 -0.096598

[2,] 0.1363988 -0.085474
[3,] -0.0005554 -0.620479
[4,] -0.0528741 -0.135686
[5,] -0.3674844 0.339896
[6,] -0.4906028 -0.308543
[7,] 0.0777448 0.554693
[8,] -0.4724094 -0.006121
[9,] 0.1698004 0.109295
[10,] 0.1432473 -0.222629
names(acp)
[1] "sdev"

"loadings" "center" "scale" "n.obs" "scores" "call"

acp$sdev
Comp.1 Comp.2 Comp.3 Comp.4 Comp.5 Comp.6 Comp.7 Comp.8
2.2413205 1.4421863 0.8575944 0.8280933 0.6134004 0.5496433 0.5343281 0.4730538
Comp.9 Comp.10
0.4524784 0.2880684
vp<-acp$sdev^2

plot(1:10,vp,type="b",ylab="Valeurspropres",xlab="Composantes Principales", main="Eboulis des

Valeurs Propres")

Les valeurs propres de facteurs successifs peuvent tre reprsentes dans un simple trac
curviligne. Cattell (1966) a propos que ce trac des valeurs propres soit utilis pour dterminer
graphiquement le nombre optimal de facteurs conserver. Le trac des valeurs propres doit
permettre de trouver l'endroit o les valeurs propres semblent s'quilibrer droite du trac. A
droite de ce point, on risque de ne trouver que des "boulis factoriels" - "boulis" est un terme
gologique dsignant les dbris trouvs sur la partie infrieure d'une pente rocheuse. Par
consquent, il ne faut par retenir plus que le nombre de facteurs situs gauche de ce point.

acp$scores
Comp.1

Comp.2

Comp.3

Comp.4

Comp.5

Comp.6

1 -2.213422774 -0.59949593 -2.42871986 0.093263088 -0.97863937 1.091955960

2 -2.519866825 0.60911746 0.90019919 -0.002245995 -0.02923601 0.071682034
3 -1.786566202 0.63792459 0.09051929 -0.934104916 -0.14500907 -0.203626679
4 -2.328681465 -0.43212691 0.48459243 0.509760727 0.89640259 0.331147939
5 -1.733256691 2.30849242 0.43105368 -0.087571739 -0.35290675 -0.325062146
6 -2.236244876 1.54848881 -0.35607170 1.695696098 0.21896450 0.909536901
7 -1.585253374 -0.74664072 -0.09026256 1.308178152 0.24021750 -1.419939770
8 -1.547782002 0.51134665 0.29102699 -0.255220420 -0.47780454 -1.049545336
9 -1.347818947 -0.08919157 -0.41538874 -0.495349540 0.18262351 -0.809295298

10 -1.651113274 -1.24977666 0.76005519 0.617254962 -0.48768347 0.349462900

11 -1.745288678 -1.21260078 0.68273513 0.604389348 1.72081207 -0.258178457
12 -0.954270705 0.50684449 -0.07207256 -1.709558951 0.04836399 0.001694512
13 -0.978018090 1.99228242 -0.59456399 0.027128063 -0.22169044 -0.187654690
14 -1.383526089 0.83353564 0.28832103 -0.750623525 0.54706713 0.282840176
15 -0.853966063 0.45640557 -0.06082492 -1.095793626 0.57964228 0.493372973
16 -0.755115132 0.03792184 -0.33382940 0.262444473 -0.41284848 -0.156529333
17 -0.007497412 -4.42367329 -0.55464593 -0.971939190 0.08571581 0.052592203
18 -0.435923383 -2.13073185 0.32877607 -0.264309129 -0.98590816 -0.024350551
19 0.097499568 1.82099393 0.61468559 0.176471376 -0.83723096 0.223773986
20 -0.584930678 -0.98578866 1.99370361 -0.905283737 -0.15354845 0.392794704
21 0.513704653 -0.12698245 -0.72472396 -1.862820042 0.81190138 -0.103627566
22 0.658836591 0.01459209 -1.30980838 -0.722097409 -0.01461227 -0.642873603
23 0.220637307 -0.62173755 -0.46791261 0.097203352 -0.71818079 0.651887703
24 0.725629152 0.22226258 -1.67866336 0.994913127 -0.03372710 -0.073853631
25 0.338087548 0.60427779 -0.12394484 1.422223041 0.84309589 0.362321988
26 1.066344372 1.51808478 -0.91859517 0.448858374 -0.29927132 -0.565757291
27 1.028001742 1.97781043 1.39770938 -0.051053578 -0.57051448 -0.060472160
28 1.044459346 -2.36528693 0.20148609 1.006190742 0.19496428 0.527749311
29 1.575338007 1.41062084 0.74218862 -0.090666599 -0.35251164 0.130205558
30 1.685301757 -0.52538688 1.21857995 0.310956493 0.03638393 0.737858189
31 2.151116237 -2.63992282 0.31983167 0.275544343 -0.83803714 -0.422910933
32 2.502339080 -0.71362646 0.07448418 1.024688543 0.37574762 -0.905269092
33 3.447281749 1.23539068 -0.88994193 -0.663449358 1.20125178 0.534804028
34 9.593965550 0.61657643 0.20002180 -0.013076547 -0.07379381 0.063265468
Comp.7

Comp.8

Comp.9

Comp.10

1 -0.428126740 -0.25734961 0.249091429 -0.221535414

2 -0.057574263 -0.16950385 0.154926564 -0.171117779
3 0.678494336 -0.01370647 0.152321901 0.154671564
4 -0.866083955 -0.34896372 -0.653390352 -0.013684692
5 0.618072403 -0.01812984 0.140682743 0.397708030

6 -0.004503166 0.39372008 0.054818046 0.151936662

7 1.072713853 -0.01882094 -0.313631112 -0.082133105
8 -0.900459362 0.17984266 0.434455062 -0.347890444
9 -0.294771062 0.06697896 0.192769213 0.128997175
10 0.772814260 -0.25825603 0.400497078 -0.170827152
11 -0.387751985 0.56837679 0.386024271 -0.195428988
12 -0.188223041 0.26856461 0.098100184 0.190092939
13 0.179329655 -0.16520703 -0.491261173 0.027377465
14 -0.826841675 -0.78748625 0.985827289 0.388189298
15 -0.108792416 -0.24374741 -0.376959598 -0.249862723
16 -0.321273433 0.71886838 -0.521592271 0.281380475
17 -0.048905112 -0.87345459 -0.371546246 -0.004755807
18 0.389393557 0.74253516 0.625467939 -0.558649198
19 -0.435776734 -0.07315866 0.052648389 -0.122003318
20 -0.418680148 0.31180501 -1.005859959 -0.095122886
21 0.583707697 0.32051407 0.211102056 -0.322608431
22 0.153584383 0.87329454 -0.163761610 0.082948856
23 -0.309864623 0.72535539 0.356088867 0.614124482
24 -0.097415862 -0.03998326 -0.485227547 -0.431580506
25 -0.295627702 0.20837826 -0.377952229 -0.291063707
26 0.237678253 -1.05382236 -0.003176462 -0.098682056
27 0.175425666 0.31257731 -0.490541176 0.126761492
28 0.577156075 0.41647376 0.299762680 0.319273926
29 0.134164881 -0.74922174 -0.014181625 -0.348256192
30 1.040921805 -0.41980946 0.519219702 -0.103825376
31 -0.255188187 -0.52459836 -0.782936939 0.520132688
32 -0.645328468 -0.36481689 0.809069701 0.371959272
33 0.896277339 -0.08205788 -0.300736439 0.376010266
34 -0.618546227 0.35480936 0.229881626 -0.302536816
var(acp$scores)
Comp.1

Comp.2

Comp.3

Comp.4

Comp.5

Comp.1 5.175745e+00 -1.571502e-16 2.687014e-16 3.842273e-16 -2.341614e-16

Comp.2 -1.571502e-16 2.142929e+00 1.514181e-16 5.904505e-17 -1.106141e-16
Comp.3 2.687014e-16 1.514181e-16 7.577551e-01 1.862609e-15 -1.163753e-16
Comp.4 3.842273e-16 5.904505e-17 1.862609e-15 7.065184e-01 1.483146e-17
Comp.5 -2.341614e-16 -1.106141e-16 -1.163753e-16 1.483146e-17 3.876618e-01
Comp.6 -2.709372e-16 1.015453e-16 -1.358764e-16 -1.611199e-16 1.168906e-16
Comp.7 5.240968e-17 1.003708e-18 1.294361e-16 8.239688e-17 1.449262e-16
Comp.8 -5.474235e-17 8.856043e-17 -6.334410e-17 -1.681592e-16 4.082827e-17
Comp.9 -3.156605e-16 1.758707e-17 -1.672956e-16 -1.279060e-16 1.176065e-16
Comp.10 6.607719e-17 -5.334151e-17 7.814521e-17 1.107814e-16 3.998119e-17
Comp.6

Comp.7

Comp.8

Comp.9

Comp.10

Comp.1 -2.709372e-16 5.240968e-17 -5.474235e-17 -3.156605e-16 6.607719e-17

Comp.2 1.015453e-16 1.003708e-18 8.856043e-17 1.758707e-17 -5.334151e-17
Comp.3 -1.358764e-16 1.294361e-16 -6.334410e-17 -1.672956e-16 7.814521e-17
Comp.4 -1.611199e-16 8.239688e-17 -1.681592e-16 -1.279060e-16 1.107814e-16
Comp.5 1.168906e-16 1.449262e-16 4.082827e-17 1.176065e-16 3.998119e-17
Comp.6 3.112626e-01 -3.090510e-16 2.073957e-16 2.657787e-16 -1.148374e-16
Comp.7 -3.090510e-16 2.941582e-01 -2.448658e-16 -1.235013e-16 9.416912e-17
Comp.8 2.073957e-16 -2.448658e-16 2.305611e-01 9.837307e-17 -5.605161e-17
Comp.9 2.657787e-16 -1.235013e-16 9.837307e-17 2.109408e-01 -1.252664e-16
Comp.10 -1.148374e-16 9.416912e-17 -5.605161e-17 -1.252664e-16 8.549804e-02
plot(acp)

cor(O2,acp$scores)
Comp.1
100m

Comp.2

Comp.3

Comp.4

Comp.5

Comp.6

0.8038148 -0.29443290 -0.25764045 -0.14567284 -0.16695296 -0.059019065

long -0.8095528 0.28540210 -0.06599089 -0.09507056 0.27954635 0.337022194

poids -0.7261673 -0.56861754 0.10738300 -0.14374535 -0.16437651 0.023677686
haut -0.5995007 0.01069019 -0.73397963 0.29485626 -0.04021584 -0.004973731
400m

0.6597706 -0.61609867 -0.19914505 0.01398301 0.17533203 -0.001050301

110m

0.8368826 -0.18928331 -0.12790060 -0.32072715 -0.03366995 0.204824646

disque -0.6873940 -0.60050820 0.03949461 -0.03401887 -0.27334804 0.234283037

perche -0.8717555 -0.08931354 0.06474143 0.05483305 -0.09548361 -0.209629577
javelot -0.6573242 -0.43032013 -0.11651261 -0.46863611 0.27818881 -0.205801452
1500m 0.1873250 -0.78685958 0.19782271 0.47013973 0.22023474 0.036243902
Comp.7
100m
long

Comp.8

Comp.9

Comp.10

0.274863371 0.07426718 0.2576730728 -0.027826851

0.198220495 0.11974940 0.0617174876 -0.024622217

poids -0.152393477 0.18549686 -0.0002513223 -0.178740384

haut -0.078529723 -0.07006532 -0.0239244007 -0.039086816
400m -0.032725254 0.27608320 -0.1662787544 0.097913165
110m

0.069540570 -0.19868059 -0.2219871503 -0.088881554

disque -0.005607978 -0.08805154 0.0351778369 0.159789393

perche 0.354842567 0.01407497 -0.2137550337 -0.001763295
javelot -0.054108118 -0.14138368 0.0768309860 0.031484405
1500m 0.080593986 -0.14480919 0.0648162925 -0.064132312
biplot(acp)

Nous pouvons observer dans le graphique que la variable "long", "haute", "perche" javelot ",
"Poids "et "disque " sont en corrlation avec l'autre. On a galement observ que les variables
"1500m ", "400m", "100m"et "110m" ont corrlation. Des variables javelot, Poids et disque
sont fortement corrls. Des variables "long", "haute" et "perche" ont galement une corrlation
lgrement forte. Des variables "100m et 110m ont galement une forte corrlation. Des
variables "1500m" et "400m"ont corrlation modre.
Par le graphique est possible observer que le joueur 34 a de mauvais rsultats dans toutes les
catgories et a de profil mauvais par rapport aux autres. Les Joueurs 30 et 32 ont de bons rsultats
en termes 100m et 110m. Les Joueurs 7, 10, 11 ont de bons rsultats dans les catgories javelot,
Poids et Disque.

barplot(acp$loadings[,1],main="C1",col=1:10)

barplot(acp$loadings[,2],main="C2",col=1:10)

barplot(acp$loadings[,3],main="C3",col=1:10)

barplot(acp$loadings[,4],main="C4",col=1:10)

barplot(acp$loadings[,5],main="C5",col=1:10)

plot(acp$scores[,1],acp$scores[,2],type="n")

text(acp$scores[,1], acp$scores[,2],row.names(O2))

plot(acp$scores[,1],acp$scores[,3],type="n")
text(acp$scores[,1],acp$scores[,3],row.names(O2))
biplot(acp)
biplot(acp)
coord=acp$scores[,1:10]
coord
Comp.1

Comp.2

Comp.3

Comp.4

Comp.5

Comp.6

1 -2.213422774 -0.59949593 -2.42871986 0.093263088 -0.97863937 1.091955960

2 -2.519866825 0.60911746 0.90019919 -0.002245995 -0.02923601 0.071682034
3 -1.786566202 0.63792459 0.09051929 -0.934104916 -0.14500907 -0.203626679
4 -2.328681465 -0.43212691 0.48459243 0.509760727 0.89640259 0.331147939
5 -1.733256691 2.30849242 0.43105368 -0.087571739 -0.35290675 -0.325062146
6 -2.236244876 1.54848881 -0.35607170 1.695696098 0.21896450 0.909536901
7 -1.585253374 -0.74664072 -0.09026256 1.308178152 0.24021750 -1.419939770
8 -1.547782002 0.51134665 0.29102699 -0.255220420 -0.47780454 -1.049545336
9 -1.347818947 -0.08919157 -0.41538874 -0.495349540 0.18262351 -0.809295298
10 -1.651113274 -1.24977666 0.76005519 0.617254962 -0.48768347 0.349462900
11 -1.745288678 -1.21260078 0.68273513 0.604389348 1.72081207 -0.258178457
12 -0.954270705 0.50684449 -0.07207256 -1.709558951 0.04836399 0.001694512
13 -0.978018090 1.99228242 -0.59456399 0.027128063 -0.22169044 -0.187654690
14 -1.383526089 0.83353564 0.28832103 -0.750623525 0.54706713 0.282840176
15 -0.853966063 0.45640557 -0.06082492 -1.095793626 0.57964228 0.493372973
16 -0.755115132 0.03792184 -0.33382940 0.262444473 -0.41284848 -0.156529333
17 -0.007497412 -4.42367329 -0.55464593 -0.971939190 0.08571581 0.052592203
18 -0.435923383 -2.13073185 0.32877607 -0.264309129 -0.98590816 -0.024350551
19 0.097499568 1.82099393 0.61468559 0.176471376 -0.83723096 0.223773986
20 -0.584930678 -0.98578866 1.99370361 -0.905283737 -0.15354845 0.392794704
21 0.513704653 -0.12698245 -0.72472396 -1.862820042 0.81190138 -0.103627566
22 0.658836591 0.01459209 -1.30980838 -0.722097409 -0.01461227 -0.642873603
23 0.220637307 -0.62173755 -0.46791261 0.097203352 -0.71818079 0.651887703
24 0.725629152 0.22226258 -1.67866336 0.994913127 -0.03372710 -0.073853631

25 0.338087548 0.60427779 -0.12394484 1.422223041 0.84309589 0.362321988

26 1.066344372 1.51808478 -0.91859517 0.448858374 -0.29927132 -0.565757291
27 1.028001742 1.97781043 1.39770938 -0.051053578 -0.57051448 -0.060472160
28 1.044459346 -2.36528693 0.20148609 1.006190742 0.19496428 0.527749311
29 1.575338007 1.41062084 0.74218862 -0.090666599 -0.35251164 0.130205558
30 1.685301757 -0.52538688 1.21857995 0.310956493 0.03638393 0.737858189
31 2.151116237 -2.63992282 0.31983167 0.275544343 -0.83803714 -0.422910933
32 2.502339080 -0.71362646 0.07448418 1.024688543 0.37574762 -0.905269092
33 3.447281749 1.23539068 -0.88994193 -0.663449358 1.20125178 0.534804028
34 9.593965550 0.61657643 0.20002180 -0.013076547 -0.07379381 0.063265468
Comp.7

Comp.8

Comp.9

Comp.10

1 -0.428126740 -0.25734961 0.249091429 -0.221535414

2 -0.057574263 -0.16950385 0.154926564 -0.171117779
3 0.678494336 -0.01370647 0.152321901 0.154671564
4 -0.866083955 -0.34896372 -0.653390352 -0.013684692
5 0.618072403 -0.01812984 0.140682743 0.397708030
6 -0.004503166 0.39372008 0.054818046 0.151936662
7 1.072713853 -0.01882094 -0.313631112 -0.082133105
8 -0.900459362 0.17984266 0.434455062 -0.347890444
9 -0.294771062 0.06697896 0.192769213 0.128997175
10 0.772814260 -0.25825603 0.400497078 -0.170827152
11 -0.387751985 0.56837679 0.386024271 -0.195428988
12 -0.188223041 0.26856461 0.098100184 0.190092939
13 0.179329655 -0.16520703 -0.491261173 0.027377465
14 -0.826841675 -0.78748625 0.985827289 0.388189298
15 -0.108792416 -0.24374741 -0.376959598 -0.249862723
16 -0.321273433 0.71886838 -0.521592271 0.281380475
17 -0.048905112 -0.87345459 -0.371546246 -0.004755807
18 0.389393557 0.74253516 0.625467939 -0.558649198
19 -0.435776734 -0.07315866 0.052648389 -0.122003318
20 -0.418680148 0.31180501 -1.005859959 -0.095122886

21 0.583707697 0.32051407 0.211102056 -0.322608431

22 0.153584383 0.87329454 -0.163761610 0.082948856
23 -0.309864623 0.72535539 0.356088867 0.614124482
24 -0.097415862 -0.03998326 -0.485227547 -0.431580506
25 -0.295627702 0.20837826 -0.377952229 -0.291063707
26 0.237678253 -1.05382236 -0.003176462 -0.098682056
27 0.175425666 0.31257731 -0.490541176 0.126761492
28 0.577156075 0.41647376 0.299762680 0.319273926
29 0.134164881 -0.74922174 -0.014181625 -0.348256192
30 1.040921805 -0.41980946 0.519219702 -0.103825376
31 -0.255188187 -0.52459836 -0.782936939 0.520132688
32 -0.645328468 -0.36481689 0.809069701 0.371959272
33 0.896277339 -0.08205788 -0.300736439 0.376010266
34 -0.618546227 0.35480936 0.229881626 -0.302536816
contrib<- NULL

for (k in 1:10){contrib <- cbind(contrib,100.0*(1.0/n)*(acp$scores[,k]^2)/(acp$sdev[k]^2))}

print(contrib)
[,1]

[,2]

[,3]

[,4]

[,5]

[,6]

1 2.868414e+00 5.082189e-01 23.58913542 3.730630e-02 7.486492177 1.160832e+01

2 3.717649e+00 5.246630e-01 3.24066701 2.163616e-05 0.006681428 5.002416e-02
3 1.868751e+00 5.754625e-01 0.03276721 3.742432e+00 0.164370303 4.036719e-01
4 3.174924e+00 2.640590e-01 0.93909694 1.114539e+00 6.281150756 1.067587e+00
5 1.758891e+00 7.535902e+00 0.74305316 3.289202e-02 0.973538053 1.028708e+00
6 2.927871e+00 3.390740e+00 0.50702816 1.233271e+01 0.374783478 8.053781e+00
7 1.471331e+00 7.883184e-01 0.03258160 7.340005e+00 0.451068275 1.962904e+01
8 1.402596e+00 3.697508e-01 0.33870664 2.793788e-01 1.784569899 1.072412e+01
9 1.063595e+00 1.124931e-02 0.69002785 1.052413e+00 0.260703220 6.376366e+00
10 1.596125e+00 2.208733e+00 2.31018856 1.634149e+00 1.859127139 1.188944e+00
11 1.783396e+00 2.079285e+00 1.86406768 1.566737e+00 23.147276479 6.489320e-01
12 5.331585e-01 3.632685e-01 0.02077289 1.253518e+01 0.018284256 2.795429e-05

13 5.600244e-01 5.612807e+00 1.41369060 3.156459e-03 0.384173107 3.428294e-01

14 1.120696e+00 9.824867e-01 0.33243735 2.416612e+00 2.339452642 7.788277e-01
15 4.269671e-01 2.945644e-01 0.01479518 5.150153e+00 2.626353148 2.369790e+00
16 3.338409e-01 2.033560e-03 0.44566275 2.954183e-01 1.332337962 2.385342e-01
17 3.291060e-05 2.767225e+01 1.23023714 4.051732e+00 0.057432126 2.692786e-02
18 1.112586e-01 6.420013e+00 0.43227247 2.996311e-01 7.598116218 5.772670e-03
19 5.565684e-03 4.689163e+00 1.51099575 1.335707e-01 5.479281026 4.875042e-01
20 2.003189e-01 1.374187e+00 15.89565272 3.515054e+00 0.184299388 1.502071e+00
21 1.545042e-01 2.280162e-02 2.10040193 1.488348e+01 5.152755869 1.045466e-01
22 2.541374e-01 3.011018e-04 6.86076757 2.236424e+00 0.001669047 4.023559e+00
23 2.850172e-02 5.466288e-01 0.87556152 4.052519e-02 4.031814865 4.137183e+00
24 3.082780e-01 6.985718e-02 11.26897452 4.245540e+00 0.008891828 5.310102e-02
25 6.692240e-02 5.163588e-01 0.06143475 8.675569e+00 5.556316283 1.278052e+00
26 6.657453e-01 3.258895e+00 3.37446936 8.641343e-01 0.700105061 3.116158e+00
27 6.187295e-01 5.531560e+00 7.81251628 1.117931e-02 2.544288533 3.560165e-02
28 6.386990e-01 7.911266e+00 0.16234814 4.342334e+00 0.297127690 2.711531e+00
29 1.452983e+00 2.813837e+00 2.20285420 3.525796e-02 0.971359382 1.650510e-01
30 1.662909e+00 3.903343e-01 5.93834234 4.147265e-01 0.010347902 5.300355e+00
31 2.709199e+00 9.855094e+00 0.40907233 3.256459e-01 5.489838130 1.741233e+00
32 3.666110e+00 7.201454e-01 0.02218632 4.503460e+00 1.103635088 7.978377e+00
33 6.957716e+00 2.158177e+00 3.16723664 1.887896e+00 11.279792257 2.784508e+00
34 5.389016e+01 5.375912e-01 0.15999700 7.334132e-04 0.042566983 3.896661e-02
[,7]

[,8]

[,9]

[,10]

1 1.888208e+00 0.870456440 8.913392e-01 1.739467e+00

2 3.414773e-02 0.377623629 3.448079e-01 1.037816e+00
3 4.742392e+00 0.002469170 3.333114e-01 8.479122e-01
4 7.727251e+00 1.600517957 6.132971e+00 6.637430e-03
5 3.935353e+00 0.004320042 2.843198e-01 5.606071e+00
6 2.089012e-04 2.037394565 4.316906e-02 8.181917e-01
7 1.185422e+01 0.004655675 1.413070e+00 2.390927e-01
8 8.352823e+00 0.425094445 2.711535e+00 4.289581e+00

9 8.951065e-01 0.058962630 5.338273e-01 5.897804e-01

10 6.152552e+00 0.876598945 2.304221e+00 1.034293e+00
11 1.548863e+00 4.245928459 2.140694e+00 1.353655e+00
12 3.649645e-01 0.947976532 1.382500e-01 1.280743e+00
13 3.312907e-01 0.358721200 3.466972e+00 2.656540e-02
14 7.042871e+00 8.150532252 1.396134e+01 5.340932e+00
15 1.219277e-01 0.780872329 2.041339e+00 2.212753e+00
16 1.063297e+00 6.792017134 3.908299e+00 2.806195e+00
17 2.463846e-02 10.027222841 1.983130e+00 8.016381e-04
18 1.562005e+00 7.246596086 5.619990e+00 1.106135e+01
19 1.956289e+00 0.070344720 3.981948e-02 5.275616e-01
20 1.805800e+00 1.277809721 1.453451e+01 3.207007e-01
21 3.509909e+00 1.350187891 6.401922e-01 3.688768e+00
22 2.429960e-01 10.023548567 3.852562e-01 2.438657e-01
23 9.891201e-01 6.915151451 1.821555e+00 1.336727e+01
24 9.776072e-02 0.021011465 3.382333e+00 6.601666e+00
25 9.003167e-01 0.570696002 2.052104e+00 3.002659e+00
26 5.819477e-01 14.596032690 1.449482e-04 3.451487e-01
27 3.170234e-01 1.284147471 3.456817e+00 5.695142e-01
28 3.431560e+00 2.279687328 1.290864e+00 3.612907e+00
29 1.854312e-01 7.377695812 2.889199e-03 4.298606e+00
30 1.116198e+01 2.316351427 3.872824e+00 3.820647e-01
31 6.708511e-01 3.617044660 8.806007e+00 9.588666e+00
32 4.290093e+00 1.749241968 9.403669e+00 4.903664e+00
33 8.275416e+00 0.088499455 1.299264e+00 5.011057e+00
34 3.941389e+00 1.654589040 7.591611e-01 3.244041e+00
c1 <- acp$loadings[,1]*acp$sdev[1]
c2 <- acp$loadings[,2]*acp$sdev[2]
correlation <- cbind(c1,c2)
print(correlation,digits=3)
c1

c2

100m

0.804 -0.2944

long -0.810 0.2854

poids -0.726 -0.5686
haut -0.600 0.0107
400m

0.660 -0.6161

110m

0.837 -0.1893

disque -0.687 -0.6005

perche -0.872 -0.0893
javelot -0.657 -0.4303
1500m 0.187 -0.7869
> print(correlation^2,digits=3)
c1

c2

100m 0.6461 0.086691

long 0.6554 0.081454
poids 0.5273 0.323326
haut 0.3594 0.000114
400m 0.4353 0.379578
110m 0.7004 0.035828
disque 0.4725 0.360610
perche 0.7600 0.007977
javelot 0.4321 0.185175
1500m 0.0351 0.619148
plot(c1,c2,xlim=c(-1,+1),ylim=c(-1,+1),type="n")
abline(h=0,v=0)
text(c1,c2,labels=colnames(O2),cex=0.5)
symbols(0,0,circles=1,inches=F,add=T)