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Presentation on Reinforcing Detailing Of R.C.C Members

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Presentation on Reinforcing Detailing Of

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Presented By
Er.T.RANGARAJAN, B.E, M.Sc(struct.engg), F.I.E, FACCE, LACI, LISSE, LIASE

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WHO IS AN ENGINEER?
According to USA President Herbert Hoover, who was an engineer before he became a politician, said:
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The great liability of the engineer compared to men of other professionsis that his works are out in
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His acts ..step by step are in hard substances.
He cannot bury his mistakes in the grave like the DOCTORS.
He cannot argue them into thin air..or blame the judge..like the LAWYERS.
He cannot, like the ARCHITECT, cover his figures with trees and vines.
He cannot, like the politicians, screen his shortcomings by blaming his opponents.and hope the people will forget. The ENGINEER simply cannot deny he did it.
If his works do not workhe is damned.
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Important Points from Presentation

A design engineers responsibility should include assuring the structural safety of the design, details, checking shop drawing.
Detailing is as important as design since proper detailing of engineering designs is an essential link in the planning and engineering process as some of the most
devasting collapses in history have been caused by defective connections or DETAILING. There are many examples explained in the book DESIGN AND
CONSTRUCTION FAILURES by Dov Kaminetzky.
Detailing is very important not only for the proper execution of the structures but for the safety of the structures.
Detailing is necessary not only for the steel structures but also for the RCC members as it is the translation of all the mathematical expressions and equations
results.
For the RCC members for most commonly used for buildings we can divide the detailing for Slabs-with or without openings.(Rectangular,circular,non-rectangularpyramid slab,triangular etc) balcony slab, loft slab, corner slab etc
Beams With or without openigs.(Shallow & deep beams)
Columns (Rectangular,l-shape,t-shape, circular,octagonal,cross shape etc)
Foundations.
Detailing for gravity loads is different from the lateral loads specially for the SEISMIC FORCES.
Apart from the detailing for the above there is a different detailing required for the Rehabilitation and strengthening of damaged structures.
We will now dwell on the DETAILING OF MEMBERS FOR THE GRAVITY AND SOME CODAL DETAILINGS AS PER IS CODE IS 13920 AND IS
4326 AS REQUIRED FOR SEISMIC FORCES.
DOS & DONOTS FOR DETAILING
DOS-GENERAL
Prepare drawings properly & accurately if possible label each bar and show its shape for clarity.

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Cross section of retaining wall which collapsed immediately after placing of soil backfill because rather than 1-1/4 dia. were used. Error occurred because
Correct rebar dia was covered by a dimension line.
2. Prepare bar-bending schedule, if necessary.
3. Indicate proper cover-clear cover, nominal cover or effective cover to reinforcement.
4. Decide detailed location of opening/hole and supply adequate details for reinforcements around the openings.
5. Use commonly available size of bars and spirals. For a single structural member the number of different sizes of bars shall be kept minimum.
6. The grade of the steel shall be clearly stated in the drawing.
7. Deformed bars need not have hooks at their ends.
8. Show enlarged details at corners, intersections of walls, beams and column joint and at similar situations.
9. Congestion of bars should be avoided at points where members intersect and make certain that all rein. Can be properly placed.
10. In the case of bundled bars, lapped splice of bundled bars shall be made by splicing one bar at a time; such individual splices within the bundle shall be
staggered.
11. Make sure that hooked and bent up bars can be placed and have adequate concrete protection.

12. Indicate all expansion, construction and contraction joints on plans and provide details for such joints.
13. The location of construction joints shall be at the point of minimum shear approximately at mid or near the mid points. It shall be formed vertically and not in a
sloped manner.
DOS BEAMS & SLABS:
1. Where splices are provided in bars, they shall be , as far as possible, away from the sections of maximum stresses and shall be staggered.
2 Were the depth of beams exceeds 750mm in case of beams without torsion and 450mm with torsion provide face rein. as per IS456-2000.
3. Deflection in slabs/beams may be reduced by providing compression reinforcement.
4. Only closed stirrups shall be used for transverse rein. For members subjected to torsion and for members likely to be subjected to reversal of stresses as in
Seismic forces.
5. To accommodate bottom bars, it is good practice to make secondary beams shallower than main beams, at least by 50mm.
Dos COLUMNS.
1. A reinforced column shall have at least six bars of longitudinal reinforcement for using in transverse helical reinforcement.-for CIRCULAR sections.
2. A min four bars one at each corner of the column in the case of rectangular sections.
3. Keep outer dimensions of column constant, as far as possible , for reuse of forms.
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4. Preferably avoid use of 2 grades of vertical bars in the same element.

DONOTS-GENERAL:
1. Reinforcement shall not extend across an expansion joint and the break between the sections shall be complete.
2. Flexural reinforcement preferably shall not be terminated in a tension zone.
3. Bars larger than 36mm dia. Shall not be bundled.
4. Lap splices shall be not be used for bars larger than 36mm dia. Except where welded.
5. Where dowels are provided, their diameter shall not exceed the diameter of the column bars by more than 3mm.
6. Where bent up bars are provided, their contribution towards shear resistance shall not be more than 50% of the total shear to be resisted. USE OF SINGEL
BENT UP BARS(CRANKED) ARE NOT ALLOWED IN THE CASE OF EARTHQUAKE RESISTANCE STRUCTURES.
DETAILING OF SLABS WITHOUT ANY CUT OR OPENINGS.
The building plan DX-3 shows the slabs in different levels for the purpose of eliminating the inflow of rainwater into the room from the open terrace and also the
sunken slab for toilet in first floor.
The building plan DX-A3 is one in which the client asked the architect to provide opening all round.

Minimum and max.reinforcement % in beams, slabs and columns as per codal provisions should be followed.
SLABS:
It is better to provide a max spacing of 200mm(8) for main bars and 250mm(10) in order to control the crack width and spacing.
A min. of 0.24% shall be used for the roof slabs since it is subjected to higher temperature. Variations than the floor slabs. This is required to take care of temp.
differences.
It is advisable to not to use 6mm bars as main bars as this size available in the local market is of inferior not only with respect to size but also the quality since like
TATA and SAIL are not producing this size of bar.
BEAMS:
A min. of 0.2% is to be provided for the compression bars in order to take care of the deflection.
The stirrups shall be min.size of 8mm in the case of lateral load resistance .
The hooks shall be bent to 135 degree.

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DEVELOPMENT LENGTH OF BARS FOR A CONCRETE GRADE M20 &STEEL STRENGTH Fy=415
SLNO
1

BAR
DIA.
8

TENSIONmmCOMPRESSION REMARKS
376.0

301.0

10

470.0

376.0

12

564.0

451.0

16

752.0

602.0

20

940.0

752.0

22

1034.0

827.0

25

1175.0

940.0

28

1316.0

1053.0

32

1504.0

1203.0

APPROXIMATELY USE 50Xdia FOR TENSION

References:
1. Handbook On Concrete Reinforcement And Detailing-sp:34(s&t)-1987.
2. Manual Of Engineering & Placing Drawings For Reinforced Concrete Structures- (Aci 315-80
3. Manual Of Standard Practice concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute.
4. Tward Board Manual For Rural Water Supply Schemes.
5. Design Principles And Detailing Of Concrete Structures. By D.S.Prakash Rao.
6. Simplified Design-rc Buildings Of Moderate Size And Height-by Portland Cement Association,Usa.
7. Design And Construction Failures By Dov Kaminetzky.
8 IS:2502-1963 Code of practice for bending and fixing of bars for concrete reinforcement.
9. IS:1893:2000.
10. IS:4326.
11. IS:456:2000
12. Reinforced hand book by Reynold.
Download the Presentation on Reinforcing Detailing Of R.C.C Members
We are thankful to Er.T.Rangarajan for enlightening some of the detailing technique for the most commonly encountered RCC members in buildings.
This presentation will surely help engineers to learn the reinforcement detailing of RCC members.
More Entries :
Things Site Engineers Must Know About Reinforcement and Steel Bars
What are the potential problems of excessive concrete covers?
What is the purpose of setting minimum amount of longitudinal steel areas for columns?
What the preferable size of cover blocks?
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How can heating assist in rebending of steel reinforcement?

Where are the desirable locations of construction joints?
Is mild steel or high yield steel suitable as lifting hoops in precast concrete?
Load And Resistance Factor Design For Building Beams

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Comments
shekhar August 6, 2012 at 2:18 am
K.Shenbagaperumal
Dear sir,
What is the purpose in concrete design mix for (1.65 & standard deviation) please tell me
im wait for ur reply.
please search is 10262-1982 page no. 20. you will get your ans.

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Reply Link Quote

shabani August 20, 2012 at 12:04 pm
dear sir
am civil student,please can you help how to use design cad
Reply Link Quote
faheem September 13, 2012 at 2:30 pm
Dear. Sir, plz. tell me how to design hooks in RCC foundation for the lifting of foundation
Reply Link Quote
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