Reeves Oilfield Service' Company: Compact ChartBook

COMPACT LOGGING
Issue
2
Reeves Oilfield Services
Compact
Chart
Book
Revised April 2003
Gamma Ray Borehole Correction

Applicability: Compact Series ( MCG & MGS ) tools.
KCl free muds.
Borehole Diameter ( mm )
100
150
200
250
300
350
5.0
4.0
Centred
3.0
GR(corr) /GR(log)
f ( gm /cm 3 )
Eccentred
2.0
1.8
1.6
2.0
1.4
1.2
1.0
f
2.0
1.0
1.0
0.9
0.8
Air holes
0.7
0.6
0.5
10
12
14
Borehole Diameter ( inches )
Use this chart to correct Gamma Ray logs from Compact series tools for the effects of
borehole size and mud weight.
The standard condition is an eccentred tool in a 203 mm ( 8 inch ) diameter well with KCl
free mud of density 1.2gm/cm3. Corrections for non-standard conditions are approximated
by:
- 2.25
(d 5.75
)
- 2.25
-0.24 f (d 5.75
)
GR(corr) /GR(log) = 0.75 exp 0.35

GR(corr) /GR(log) = 1.75 - exp
where d = caliper in inches

f = mud density in gm/cm 3
Gam - 3
c Reeves Technologies
for centred tools

for eccentred tools
Array Induction Borehole Correction - Shallow

Applicability: Compact Series ( MAI ) tools.
Borehole Geometric Factor
0.04
50
100
150
200
250
0.03
Standoff
ins ( mm )
0.02
2.0 ( 51 )
300
1.5 ( 38 )
1.0 ( 25 )
0.01
0.5 ( 13 )
0.0
-0.01
0.0 ( 0 )
6
8
Borehole Diameter ( in )
10
12
Field logs are corrected for bit size, nominal standoff and borehole fluid salinity.
Corrections are applied to each sub-array. The chart shows the composite
correction after construction of the Shallow output curve.
If borehole conditions depart significantly from nominal, new borehole corrections
may be computed and applied to the processed logs after first removing the field
corrections.
Borehole corrected conductivities are given by:
corr
app
Where app is the apparent conductivity,

and g b the borehole geometric factor.
- gb
1- g b
m
Ind - 10
the borehole fluid conductivity,
Array Induction Borehole Correction - Medium

0.008
50
100
150
200
250
300
10
12
Standoff
ins ( mm )
0.006
0.0 ( 0 )
0.004
0.5 ( 13 )
1.0 ( 25 )
0.002
1.5 ( 38 )
0.0
2.0 ( 51 )
-0.002
6
8
correction after construction of the Medium output curve.
corrections.
corr
app

- gb
1- g b
m
Ind - 11
Array Induction Borehole Correction - Deep

0.004
50
100
150
200
Standoff
ins ( mm )
300
0.0 ( 0 )
0.5 ( 13 )
0.003
250
0.002
1.5 ( 38 )
2.0 ( 51 )
0.001
Standoff
ins ( mm )
0.0
-0.001
6
8
10
12
correction after construction of the Deep output curve.
corrections.
corr
app

- gb
1- g b
m
Ind - 12
Compact Deep Laterolog Borehole Correction

Applicability: Compact Series ( MDL ) tools, Operating Mode A.
Standard condition is 13 mm ( 0.5 inch ) standoff in a 200 mm ( 8 inch )
well, Ra/Rm = 20.
Centred
RLLD(Corr) / RLLD
1.6
1.4
Borehole Diameter
ins
mm
1.2
1.0
4
10
10
16
150
200
350
250 300
100
RLLD / Rm
400
1,000
10,000
38 mm (1.5 inch) Standoff
1.6
RLLD(Corr) / RLLD
14
100
0.8
0.6
12
1.4
Borehole Diameter
ins
mm
1.2
1.0
10
8
16
12 14
350 400
250 300
200
150
0.8
0.6
10
1,000
10,000
1.6
RLLD(Corr) / RLLD
100
RLLD / Rm
1.4
Borehole Diameter
ins
mm
1.2
14 16
400
10 12
300 350
8
200 250
6
150
4
100
1.0
0.8
0.6
10
100
RLLD / Rm
Lat - 4
1,000
10,000
Compact Shallow Laterolog Borehole Correction

Applicability: Compact Series (MDL) tools, Operating Mode A.
Standard condition is 13 mm ( 0.5 inch ) standoff in a 200 mm ( 8 inch )
well, Ra/Rm = 20.
Centred
RLLS(Corr) / RLLS
1.6
Borehole Diameter
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
10
RLLS(Corr) / RLLS
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
16
14
12
10
8
6
1.2
1.0
10,000
350
300
250
200
150
mm
ins
Borehole Diameter
10
100
RLLS / Rm
1,000
10,000
1.6
1.4
400
1.2
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
350
300
250
200
150
100
ins
mm
Borehole Diameter
1.0
0.8
1
10
100
RLLS / Rm
Lat - 5
1,000
400
0.8
RLLS(Corr) / RLLS
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
100
RLLS / Rm
1.4
0.6
mm
1.6
0.6
ins
1,000
10,000
Compact Dual Laterolog Tornado Chart

Applicability: Compact Series (MDL) tools. Operating Mode A.
Thick beds, 8 inch ( 203 mm ) hole, step invasion profile, Rxo/Rm = 50.
Use Borehole corrected data.
100
80
20
Rt
RLLD
30
1.2
60
1.3
40
100
50
1.4
1.6
70
50
40
50
Rt
R xo
30
80
1.8
100
120
30
20
D i ( inches )
20
15
10
8
RLLD / Rxo
60
10
5
4
3
2
2
1.5
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.6
0.8 1.0
RLLD / RLLS
Lat - 6
10
20
30
40 50
Compact Dual Laterolog Tornado Chart

Applicability: Compact (MDL) series tools. CML operating mode.
Thick beds, 8 inch ( 203 mm ) hole, step invasion profile, Rxo/Rm = 50
Use Borehole corrected data.
100
80
Rt
RLLD
60
50
1.3
20
1.4
30
1.1
1.2
100
40
1.5
50
1.6
70
Rt
R xo
20
30
50
120
20
D i ( inches )
15
10
8
RLLD / Rxo
80
100
40
30
1.8
60
10
5
4
2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.6
0.8 1.0
RLLD / RLLS
Lat - 7
10
20
30
40 50
Compact Focussed Electric Borehole Correction

Applicability: Compact Series ( MFE ) tools.
Centred
2.4
2.2
RFEFR(Corr) / RFEFR
2.0
300
12
1.8
10
8
6
4
1.6
1.4
250
200
150
100
1.2
ins
mm
Borehole Diameter
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.1
10
100
1,000
10,000
RFEFR / Rm
The Corrected Shallow Resistivity curve FEFE has been corrected for bit size and Rm. To apply
an alternative correction, enter the chart using the Raw Shallow Resistivity curve FEFR.
Centred
Corrections are approximated by:

RFEFR(Corr) / RFEFR = a0 + a1x + a2x2 + a3x3 +.....
where x = ln(RFEFR/Rm). Coefficients for 4,6,8,10 and 12 inch wells are (left to right):
a0
a1
a2
a3
a4
a5
1.0000000
0.3515411
-0.1259589
0.0209587
-0.0018341
0.0000652
1.0000000
0.5245657
-0.2158732
0.0404045
-0.0037254
0.0001324
1.0000000
0.6591658
-0.2848466
0.0570030
-0.0056788
0.0002223
SFE - 2
1.0000000
0.7950933
-0.4006034
0.1119412
-0.0172275
0.0010960
1.0000000
0.9368961
-0.4659671
0.1453734
-0.0286625
0.0026412
Neutron Porosity Matrix Transforms

Applicability: Compact Series (MDN) tools.
ma
values: Silica 4.26 cu
fl value:
Limestone 7.10 cu
22.2 cu.
Dolomite 4.70 cu
40
35
lic
25
Si
True Porosity (pu)
30
on
t
es
20
Li
ite
m
lo
Do
15
10
-3
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Apparent Limestone Porosity (pu)

Use Chart Npor - 5 to transform Compact Series neutron porosity logs recorded in
apparent limestone units into true sandstone and dolomite porosities.
Enter the apparent limestone porosity and move vertically to the appropriate matrix
line. Read the true porosity from the vertical axis.
The transforms are described by the following equations:
sand
= 0.000075
3
lim
- 0.012
dol
= 0.000025
3
lim
- 0.0022
2
lim
+1.43
2
lim
+0.982
lim +1.76
lim -0.88
When formation ma values depart significantly from standard conditions, use chart
Npor - 7 to make additional corrections.
Npor - 5
Neutron Porosity Environmental Corrections

Applicability: Open hole logs from Compact Series (MDN) tools.
2
1
0
1.5
2.5 Standoff
1.5
0.5
1.0
0.5
0
10
10
40
50
20
30
Corrected Porosity Units
40
50
20
40
50
250
200
150
100
50
0
Standoff (ins)
Multiplier
2.0
Apparent Limestone Porosity Units

20
30
Borehole Salinity
(kppm)
Multiplier
10
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
Borehole Size
(ins)
Hole Size (ins)

4 8 12 16
4 8 12 16
Hole Size (ins)
Mud Weight
(lb/US gal)
natural
barite
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
18
16
14
12
10
8
Temperature
( oF)
300
250
200
150
100
50
Pressure
(kpsi)
25
20
15
10
5
0
30
Standard condition
Npor - 6a
Neutron Porosity Environmental Correction Equations

Applicability: Open hole logs from Compact Series (MDN) tools.
Porosity (
) in pu. Range: as Chart Npor - 6a
General
To determine whether a particular environmental correction was applied during acquisition, refer to
the correction parameter value recorded on the log tail; if it is equal to the standard condition value,
then no correction was applied. Corrections are additive.
To compute corrections for borehole size, borehole fluid salinity, standoff and mud weight based on
alternative parameter values, use the relevant equations applied to the raw Apparent Limestone
Porosity curve ( mnemonic NPOR ). Temperature and pressure corrections should be applied after
matrix and formation fluid salinity corrections have been made.
Borehole Size
= f(
) . f( c )
where
c
= ( caliper - 8.0 ) inches
f( ) = -0.0000027 3 - 0.00137 2+ 0.1484

f( c )= -0.00017 c 3 + 0.0131 c 2 - 0.232 c
+ 1.61
Borehole Fluid Salinity

= k.( 0.05 + 1.0 )MDNACL / 250
where
k
= ( caliper - 2.25 )/5.75 inches
MDNACL = NaCl equivalent salinity in kppm
Standoff
where
= f( standoff ).f(
).(caliper 3/2048+caliper 2/256+caliper/16)
f( standoff ) = 0.8s2 - 4.4 s

2
f( )= - 0.0005 +0.034 +0.6
s
= standoff / k inches
k
= ( caliper - 2.25 )/ 5.75 inches
Mud Weight
Natural Muds
where
= ( 0.0143
+ 0.1786 ).( w - 8.345 )
Barite Muds
= ( 0.0057
+ 0.0714 ).( w - 8.345 )
= mud weight in lbs/US gallon
Borehole Temperature
o
= ( 0.0007 + 0.001 ).( F - 68 )
Pressure
= ( 0.02 - 0.004
).kpsi
Revision 1 Septembe 2001
Neutron Porosity Matrix Cross Section Correction

Applicability: Open hole logs from Compact Series ( MDN ) tools.
Environmentally Corrected Neutron Porosity ( pu )

10
20
30
40
50
70
60
ma
( cu )
Sandstone
Formations
50
40
30
20
10
0
70
60
ma
( cu )
Limestone
Formations
50
40
30
20
10
0
70
60
ma
( cu )
Dolomite
Formations
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
Standard condition
Use the appropriate nomogram to deduce corrections for variations in matrix sigma values.
Sigma corrections associated with variations in formation fluid salinity are specified in Chart
Npor - 8. Matrix sigma corrections are given by:
= (-2.51a2 + 11.34a - 8.83).(0.08 exp(-0.04 ) + 0.05)
sand
= (-1.37a2 + 8.78a - 7.41).(0.08 exp(-0.045 ) + 0.25)
lime
= (-7.09a2 + 16.98a - 9.89).(0.11 exp(-0.06 ) + 0.20)
dolomite
where:
= borehole corrected neutron porosity in appropriate matrix units
and
a = ma(std) / ma
and
ma(std) = 4.26, 7.10 and 4.70 cu respectively for standard sand, lime and dolomite.
Npor - 7
Neutron Porosity Formation Salinity Corrections

Applicability: Open hole logs from Compact Series ( MDN ) tools.
Salinity (kppm)
Sandstone
Formations
Salinity (kppm)
Limestone
Formations
Salinity (kppm)
Dolomite
Formations
Environmentally Corrected Neutron Porosity ( pu )

10
20
30
40
50
250
200
150
100
50
0
250
200
150
100
50
0
250
200
150
100
50
0
10
20
30
40
50
Standard condition
Use the appropriate nomogram to deduce corrections for variations in formation salinity. If
the matrix cross section is known, a correction should first be made using Chart Npor-7.
Salinity corrections are approximated by:
+1.0).kppm2.10-5
sand
= (-0.07 2+ 2.0 -3.0).kppm3.10-8 + (0.031

- (1.4 +2.0).kppm.10-3
lime
= (-0.066 2+ 3.0 -1.0).kppm3.10-8 + (0.024

- ( +1.0).kppm.10-3
dolomite
= (-0.02 2+ 0.4 -1.0).kppm3.10-8 + (0.022

- (2.0 +2.0).kppm.10-3
where:
= borehole corrected neutron porosity in appropriate matrix units
Npor - 8
2-
0.4
22-
0.6
+1.2).kppm2.10-5
0.1
+1.0).kppm2.10-5
Neutron Porosity Cased Hole Corrections

Applicability: Cased hole logs from MDN Series tools.
Apparent Limestone Porosity Units ( pu )

10
20
30
40
50
10
50
16
14
Casing ID
(inches)
12
10
8
6
4
0.6
0.5
Casing Thickness
(inches)
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
3.0
2.5
Cement Thickness
(inches)
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
20
30
40
Standard condition
In cased holes substitute Npor-9a for the open hole borehole size correction. Enter the chart with
uncorrected porosity in apparent limestone units (NPOR or uncorrected NPRL) and draw a
vertical line through each nomogram. Derive
values from each nomogram by marking the
intersection with the given casing ID, casing thickness and cement thickness values, then move
parallel to the nearest curve to the standard condition. Sum the
values to find the total
correction. Apply any remaining environmental corrections at this point.
Example: casing ID = 5 inches, casing thickness = 0.5 inches, cement thickness = 1.25 inches
For NPOR = 28 pu., corrected porosity = 28 + ( 3.9 - 7.5 - 6.6) = 17.8 pu.
= f( ) . f( c )
Casing ID
where
Casing Thickness
Cement Thickness
f( ) = 0.0000027 3 - 0.00137 2 + 0.1484

f( c ) = -0.00017 c 3 + 0.0131 c 2 - 0.232 c
c = ( caliper - 8.0 ) inches
= (0.00004 3 - 0.0135 2 + 1.0877
t = casing thickness in inches
+ 1.6
) . (0.59 t 3 - 0.235 t 2 - 0.75 t )
= (-0.0009 2 + 0.13 + 0.05 ) . (0.087 h - 0.33 h - 1.5 h )

h = cement thickness in inches
3
Npor - 9a
Revised August 2004
Lithology-Porosity from Density-Neutron Crossplot

Applicability: MPD and MDN tools, environmentally corrected.
Formation fluid density = 1.0 gm/cm 3 ( Mg/m 3 )
1.9
2.1
30
y
sit
25
ro
Po
20
d
an
15
2.4
2.5
25
20
25
lo
Do
15
ite
10
15
5
10
2.7
20
ne
to
es
10
2.6
20
30
30
Lim
15
10
25
ne
o
st
35
2.3
30
35
0
5
-5
2.8
0
-10
3.0
hy
-15
An
dr
ite
2.9
10
15
20
25
Apparent Limestone Porosity ( pu )
LPC - 1
30
35
40
Density Porosity ( pu )
2.2
35
40
2.71 gm/cm 3 )
35
40
ma =
2.0
Bulk Density ( gm/cm 3 or Mg/m 3 )
45
40
Lithology-Porosity from Density-Neutron Crossplot

Applicability: MPD and MDN tools, environmentally corrected.
Formation fluid density = 1.19 gm/cm 3 ( Mg/m 3 )
1.9
2.0
45
os
2.3
25
20
25
15
ite
lom
Do
10
15
10
2.7
20
ne
to
es
10
2.6
20
30
35
30
Lim
15
10
to
ds
an
15
2.5
25
ne
20
2.4
30
25
35
2.8
-5
-10
2.9
rit
3.0
An
0
d
hy
-15
5
10
15
20
25
LPC - 2
30
35
40
2.71 gm/cm 3 )
ity
r
Po
35
30
40
ma =
2.2
Bulk Density ( gm/cm 3 or Mg/m 3 )
40
35
2.1
Density Porosity ( pu )
40
Lithology-Porosity from Sonic-Neutron Crossplot

Applicability: MDN tools, environmentally corrected.
Formation fluid slowness = 189 microseconds /ft ( 620 microseconds /m )
360
40
110
320
35
30
35 35
30
100
340
35
35
Raiga-Clemenceau
40
Time average
25
260
e
25
25
on
20
15
Do
lo
ite
st
L
20 ime
240
20
15
10
220
15
10
10
ite
200
15
10
60
An
hy
dr
180
10
50
160
140
40
10
15
20
25
LPC - 5
30
35
40
Sonic Transit Time ( microseconds / m )
30 30
30
25
ne
20
15
10
70
280
sto
15
Sa
80
nd
20
20
Po
r
os
30
ity
25 2
5
300
Sonic Transit Time (microseconds /ft )
90
Maximum Tool Length in Deviated Wells
57 mm ( 2 1/4 in ) tools
Rigid Tool Length (ft)
10
20
30
40
200
Bend Radius (m)
Well Diameter
4 ins
(102 mm)
5 ins
(127 mm)
10
6 ins
(152 mm)
11
12
13
14
15
7 ins
(178 mm)
8 ins
(203 mm)
100
20
30
40
50
100
200
2
6
7
8
Rigid Tool Length (m)
10
11
Angular Buildup Rate

(degrees/30m or degrees/100ft)
9
3 ins
(76 mm)
12
95 mm ( 3 3/4 in ) tools
Rigid Tool Length (ft)
20
200
30
40
6 ins
(152 mm)
5 ins
(127 mm)
Bend Radius (m)
Well Diameter
7 ins
(178 mm)
8 ins
(203 mm)
9 ins
(229 mm)
100
10 ins
(254 mm)
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
20
30
40
50
100
200
2
6
7
8
Rigid Tool Length (m)
10
11
Angular Buildup Rate

(degrees/30m or degrees/100ft)
10
12
For a given tool diameter t, the maximum rigid tool length L that will traverse a well of
diameter d and bend radius R is given by:
L = 2{(R+d)2 - (R+t)2 }1/2
Angular build rate ( degrees / 30 m ) = 1718/R ( R in m )
Gen - 8

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COMPACT LOGGING

Revised April 2003

Gamma Ray Borehole Correction

Borehole Diameter ( inches )

GR(corr) /GR(log) = 0.75 exp 0.35

where d = caliper in inches

for centred tools

Array Induction Borehole Correction - Shallow

Borehole Geometric Factor

Where app is the apparent conductivity,

the borehole fluid conductivity,

Array Induction Borehole Correction - Medium

Borehole Geometric Factor

Where app is the apparent conductivity,

the borehole fluid conductivity,

Array Induction Borehole Correction - Deep

Borehole Geometric Factor

Where app is the apparent conductivity,

the borehole fluid conductivity,

Compact Deep Laterolog Borehole Correction

38 mm (1.5 inch) Standoff

13 mm (0.5 inch) Standoff

Compact Shallow Laterolog Borehole Correction

13 mm (0.5 inch) Standoff

38 mm (1.5 inch) Standoff

Compact Dual Laterolog Tornado Chart

Compact Dual Laterolog Tornado Chart

Compact Focussed Electric Borehole Correction

Corrections are approximated by:

Neutron Porosity Matrix Transforms

values: Silica 4.26 cu

True Porosity (pu)

Apparent Limestone Porosity (pu)

Neutron Porosity Environmental Corrections

Apparent Limestone Porosity Units

Hole Size (ins)

Neutron Porosity Environmental Correction Equations

) in pu. Range: as Chart Npor - 6a

= ( caliper - 8.0 ) inches

f( ) = -0.0000027 3 - 0.00137 2+ 0.1484

Borehole Fluid Salinity

).(caliper 3/2048+caliper 2/256+caliper/16)

f( standoff ) = 0.8s2 - 4.4 s

+ 0.1786 ).( w - 8.345 )

+ 0.0714 ).( w - 8.345 )

= mud weight in lbs/US gallon

Neutron Porosity Matrix Cross Section Correction

Environmentally Corrected Neutron Porosity ( pu )

Neutron Porosity Formation Salinity Corrections

Environmentally Corrected Neutron Porosity ( pu )

= (-0.07 2+ 2.0 -3.0).kppm3.10-8 + (0.031

= (-0.066 2+ 3.0 -1.0).kppm3.10-8 + (0.024

= (-0.02 2+ 0.4 -1.0).kppm3.10-8 + (0.022

= borehole corrected neutron porosity in appropriate matrix units

Neutron Porosity Cased Hole Corrections

Apparent Limestone Porosity Units ( pu )

f( ) = 0.0000027 3 - 0.00137 2 + 0.1484

) . (0.59 t 3 - 0.235 t 2 - 0.75 t )

= (-0.0009 2 + 0.13 + 0.05 ) . (0.087 h - 0.33 h - 1.5 h )

Revised August 2004

Lithology-Porosity from Density-Neutron Crossplot

Apparent Limestone Porosity ( pu )

Bulk Density ( gm/cm 3 or Mg/m 3 )

Lithology-Porosity from Density-Neutron Crossplot

Reeves Oilfield Service' Company: Compact ChartBook

Reeves Oilfield Service' Company: Compact ChartBook